dablink For the railway specific expansion joints, see Breather switch . File BridgeExpansionJoint.jpg thumb Expansion joint on a bridge An expansion joint or movement joint is an assembly designed to safely absorb the Thermal expansion heat induced expansion and contraction of various construction materials ..., or due to other heat sources. Before expansion joint gaps were built into these structures, they would ... right thumb Saw cut control joints in concrete. Control joints often confused with expansion joints are cut into the concrete or asphalt, and are different from expansion joints as shown in the photo ... sealant such as rubber . clear Bridge expansion joints Bridge Expansion Joints, as shown .... Bridge expansion joints also allow enough vertical movement to allow bearing replacement ref .... retrieved 22 December 2011 ref without the need to dismantle the bridge expansion joint. There are various types of Bridge Expansion Joints that can accommodate movement from between 30 to 1000 mm these include small movement expansion joints JEP, WR and WOSd ,medium movement expansion joints Wd and large movement expansion joints WP . ref http www.freyssinet.co.uk pdfs products cipec expansion joints cv1 .pdf Freyssinet CIPEC Bridge Expansion Joints , Freyssinet Ltd. retrieved 21 December 2011 ref Pipe expansion joints File Flanged Rubber Bellows.jpg right thumb Single sphere rubber bellows expansion joint, with flange s. File Kompensator Rohr .jpg right thumb Stainless steel pipe expansion joint, with control rods. Pipe expansion joints are necessary in systems that convey high temperature ... of expansion joint for pipe systems is a bellows which can be manufactured from metal most commonly ..., and or angular deflections. Expansion joints are also designed for other criteria, such as noise absorption, anti vibration, earthquake movement, and building settlement. Metal expansion joints have to be designed according to rules laid out by EJMA, while for fabric expansion joints only guidelines ... more details
unreferenced date May 2010 Image Expansion tank.jpg thumb Expansion tank in central heating system. An expansion tank or expansion vessel is a small Water tank tank used to protect closed water heating systems and domestic hot water systems from excessive pressure. The tank is partially filled with air, whose compressibility cushions shock caused by water hammer and absorbs excess water pressure caused by thermal expansion . The modern vessel is a small container divided in two by a rubber Diaphragm mechanical device diaphragm . One side is connected to the pipe work of the heating system and therefore contains water. The other, the dry side, contains air under pressure, and normally a Schrader valve car tire type valve stem for checking pressures and adding air. When the heating system is empty or at the low end of the normal range of working pressure the diaphragm will be pushed against ... side. An older style of expansion tank is larger, oriented horizontally, and has no rubber diaphragm. Image Expansion vessel for boilers.jpg thumb left 108px alt expansion tank for boilers Expansion tank for boilers. When expansion tanks are used in domestic hot water systems, the tank and the diaphragm .... Thus, expansion tanks are now used more frequently than in the past. In the UK, prior to the use of sealed expansion tanks, open tanks were installed in the roof space to accommodate the water s expansion these had the disadvantage of being exposed to the cold air in the roof space. This, without ... tap s sometimes unpredictable. In Europe the design and the construction of expansion tanks are ruled by EN 13831 according to Pressure Equipment Directive PED 97 23 EC Image SaabHengine.jpg thumb Expansion tank in a 1987 Saab 90 br the brown plastic tank with white lid in top of picture . An expansion ... web url http www.expansiontank.org title About the Expansion Tank cite web url http highperformancehvac.com hot water boiler expansion tanks title HVAC Boiler Expansion Tanks DEFAULTSORT Expansion ... more details
unreferenced date April 2010 In cryptography , the term ciphertext expansion refers to the length increase of a message when it is encryption encrypted . Many modern cryptosystems cause some degree of expansion during the encryption process, for instance when the resulting ciphertext must include a message unique Initialization Vector IV . Probabilistic encryption schemes cause ciphertext expansion, as the set of possible ciphertexts is necessarily greater than the set of input plaintexts. Certain schemes, such as Cocks Identity Based Encryption , or the Goldwasser Micali cryptosystem result in ciphertexts hundreds or thousands of times longer than the plaintext. Ciphertext expansion may be offset or increased by other processes which compress or expand the message, e.g., data compression or error correction codes error correction coding . Category Cryptography crypto stub ... more details
For the Nintendo 64 add on Nintendo 64 accessories Expansion Pak Refimprove date December 2009 Deleted ... was one of the first video game expansion packs. deletable image caption 1 Monday, 13 April 2009 An expansion pack , expansion set , or supplement is an addition to an existing role playing game ... of the expansion pack to a third party company, see Diablo Hellfire Hellfire for Diablo computer game Diablo , it may choose to develop the expansion itself or it may do both Ensemble Studios developed the real time strategy game Age of Empires III and the first expansion called Age of Empires III The WarChiefs the WarChiefs itself, but contracted Big Huge Games for the second expansion pack, the Asian ... games have been releasing expansion packs since the 1980s, early examples being the Dragon ... , October 30, 2010 ref Summary The price of an expansion pack is usually much less than that of the original game. As expansion packs consist solely of additional content, most expansion packs ... subsequent expansions. Stand alone expansion packs Some expansion packs do not require the original ... . In some cases, a standalone expansion such as Heroes of Might and Magic III The Shadow of Death ... standalone packs if someone does not have the original or previous expansion packs, then they can t use certain units or races contained in the other games in multiplayer. Console game expansion packs Expansion packs are most commonly released for computer games , but are becoming increasingly prevalent ... to the release of more expansion packs on consoles, especially stand alone expansion packs as described ... expansion pack released for the PlayStation . The game required the player to insert the London ... Drive Genesis was unusual in that it functioned as both a stand alone cartridge and as an expansion ... 2010 Reflist Use dmy dates date February 2011 DEFAULTSORT Expansion Pack Category Video game expansion ... ru simple Expansion Pack fi Lis levy sv Expansionspaket th ... more details
File Expansion path.jpg right 300px Expansion path is the red line connecting each optimal input combination. In economics , an expansion path also called a scale line ref name jain Jain, TR Khanna OP 2008 . Economics. VK Publications, ISBN 978 81 87344 77 3 ref is a line connecting optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. ref name Hirschey Hirschey, Mark 2008 . Managerial economics. Cengage Learning, ISBN 978 0 324 58886 6 ref A producer seeking to produce the most units of a product in the cheapest possible way attempts to increase production along the expansion path. ref name prusty Prusty, Sadananda 2010 . Managerial Economics. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., ISBN 978 81 203 4094 7 ref Economists Alfred Stonier and Douglas Hague defined expansion path as that line which reflects least cost method of producing different levels of output, when factor prices remain constant. ref name Stonier Stonier, Alfred W. Hague, Douglas C. 1980 . A textbook of economic theory, 5th edition. Longmans ISBN 978 0 582 29530 8 ref The points on an expansion path occur where budget level and the purchaser s indifference curve are tangent s. As a producer s budget level increases, each of these points can be connected in a line. A line joining tangency points of isoquants and isocosts with input price s held constant . ref name Salvatore Salvatore, Dominick 1989 . Schaum s outline of theory and problems of managerial economics. McGraw Hill, ISBN 978 0 07 054513 7 ref If an expansion path forms a straight line, the production technology is considered homothetic or homoethetic . ref name Rasmussen Rasmussen, Svend 2011 . Production Economics The Basic Theory of Production Optimisation. Springer, ISBN 978 3 642 14609 1 ref In this case, the ratio is always the same, and the inputs can be adjusted based on this ratio for any budget. A Cobb Douglas production function has an expansion ... expansion path economics stub Category economics ... more details
Infobox Non profit Non profit name Team Expansion Non profit logo Image Team expansion logo plain.gif 200px A Team Expansion worker shares Christ, the Hope of Glory Non profit type Christian Missions Agency ... homepage http www.teamexpansion.org dissolved footnotes Team Expansion is a non profit ... transforming communities among the unreached by planting Biblical churches. Many Team Expansion workers are associated with the Restoration Movement of churches, but as an agency, Team Expansion is non denominational. File Sharingchrist.jpg 200px left A Team Expansion team leader shares his faith a new friend it s part of our passion for the glory of Christ. History Team Expansion began as a prayer ... to Montevideo, Uruguay to start the very first Team Expansion work. In 1983, International Services ... Bible College, now known as Cincinnati Christian University . Between 1985 and 1996, Team Expansion ..., the leadership of Southeast Christian Church Louisville, Kentucky invited Team Expansion to move ... us history work Team Expansion publisher Team Expansion accessdate 02 21 12 ref As of February 2012, Team Expansion currently consists of more than 320 full time adult workers serving in 48 countries ... title About Us url http web.teamexpansion.org about us work Team Expansion publisher Team Expansion ... other ways. True to its core vision, Team Expansion has planted about 250 churches and has ushered over 12,000 new believers into a relationship with Jesus Christ. Mission Team Expansion is transforming ... url http web.teamexpansion.org about us at a glance work Team Expansion publisher Team Expansion accessdate 02 21 12 ref Partnerships and Projects Team Expansion participates with the http www.nationalmissionaryconvention.org ... 38241 work Unleashed for the Unreached publisher Team Expansion accessdate 02 21 12 ref . Several Team Expansion leaders were involved in the decision to create the Restoration Revolution 10 year ... Revolution publisher Restoration Revolution accessdate 02 21 12 ref Team Expansion participated ... more details
An economic expansion is an increase in the level of economic activity , and of the goods and services available in the market market place . It is a period of economic growth as measured by a rise in real GDP . ref cite book last O Sullivan first Arthur coauthors Steven M. Sheffrin title Economics Principles in action publisher Pearson Prentice Hall date 2003 location Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 pages 310 url http www.pearsonschool.com index.cfm?locator PSZ3R9&PMDbSiteId 2781&PMDbSolutionId 6724&PMDbCategoryId &PMDbProgramId 12881&level 4 doi id isbn 0 13 063085 3 ref The explanation of such fluctuations in aggregate economic activity is one of the primary concerns of macroeconomics . Typically an economic expansion is marked by an upturn in production and utilization of resources. Economic recovery and prosperity are two successive phases of expansion. It may be caused by factors external to the economy, such as weather conditions or technical change, or by factors internal to the economy, such as Fiscal policy fiscal policies , Monetary policy monetary policies , the availability of Credit finance credit , interest rates , Regulation regulatory policies or other impacts on producer incentives. Global conditions may influence the levels of economic activity in various countries. Economic contraction and expansion relate to the overall output of all goods and services, while the terms inflation and deflation refer to increasing and decreasing prices of commodities, goods and services in relation to the value of money. Expansion means enlarging the scale of a company. The ways of expansion include internal expansion and integration. Internal expansion means a company enlarges its scale through opening branches, inventing new products, or developing new businesses. Integration means a company enlarges its scale through taking over or merging with other companies. See also Business cycle Economic growth References Reflist External links http www.nber.org cycles.html ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2008 Infobox Company company name Expansion, S.A. de C.V. company type a Company of Time Inc. foundation 1966 location city Mexico City location country Mexico key people John Reuter CEO publications 15 industry Publishing revenue 60 Million U.S. dollar USD homepage http www.cnnexpansion.com CNN Expansion is a vertically integrated news portal resulting from the merger of news channel CNN and the business magazine Expansion, with its content mainly targeting businessmen and entrepreneurs of business in Mexico and Latin America . During the last few years CNNExpansion.com has strongly positioned in the Latin American business environment, in that beyond being a printed magazine or a website associated with this, it has developed a strategy of media coverage on the Web including blogs, forums, video and much more. With 40 years as Mexico s most important business magazine. Expansion was presenting the best stories consolidates business with a fair and transparent vision of the great figures in this field. Grupo Editorial Expansion GEE , its parent company, was founded in 1966. In 2005, it became part of Time Inc. , the largest publishing company in the world, with more than 140 titles, many of them bestsellers worldwide. In Mexico GEE is the most important editorial directed at targeted audiences and business with a clear mission to revolutionize the standards of the publishing industry in the country and Latin America. Under this paradigm, the company has grown significantly over the past eight years, from 4 to 18 magazines and 4 of internet portals that are translated into more than 6.3 million readers and 2 million visits per month over the Internet. Acquisition of Mexico s Grupo Editorial Expansion by Time Inc. Time Inc. has acquired Grupo Editorial Expansion, Mexico s second largest magazine publisher. Terms were not disclosed, but industry ... Grupo Editorial Expansion in its acquisition by Time Inc., which was announced today. AdMedia Partners ... more details
Thermodynamics cTopic Thermodynamic system Systems Free expansion is an irreversible process thermodynamics irreversible process in which a gas expands into an insulated evacuated chamber. Real gases experience a temperature change during free expansion. For an ideal gas, the temperature doesn t change, and the conditions before and after adiabatic free expansion satisfy p sub i sub V sub i sub p sub f sub V sub f sub , where p is the pressure , V is the volume thermodynamics volume , and i and f refer to the initial and final states. During free expansion, no work is done by the gas. The gas goes through states of no thermodynamic equilibrium before reaching its final state, which implies that one cannot define state function thermodynamic parameter s as values of the gas as a whole. For example, the pressure changes locally from point to point, and the volume occupied by the gas which is formed of particles is not a well defined quantity. See also Joule Thomson effect thermodynamics stub Category Thermodynamics pt Expans o livre zh ... more details
thermodynamics Material properties Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume ... below . The degree of expansion divided by the change in temperature is called the material s coefficient of thermal expansion and generally varies with temperature. Overview Predicting expansion If an equation of state is available, it can be used to predict the values of the thermal expansion ... called negative thermal expansion , rather than thermal contraction . For example, the coefficient of thermal expansion of water drops to zero as it is cooled to roughly 4 C and then becomes negative ... of sub zero weather. Also, fairly pure silicon has a negative coefficient of thermal expansion for temperatures ... of thermal expansion 22 v onepage&q silicon 20negative 20 22coefficient 20of 20thermal 20expansion ... 6 ref Factors affecting thermal expansion Unlike gases or liquids, solid materials tend to keep their shape when undergoing thermal expansion. Thermal expansion generally decreases with increasing Molecular ... likely to have lower thermal expansion. In general, liquids expand slightly more than solids. The thermal expansion of glasses is higher compared to that of crystals. ref Cite book first A. K ... in an amorphous material lead to characteristic discontinuities of coefficient of thermal expansion ... change size much more due to this effect than they do to thermal expansion. Common plastics exposed to water can, in the long term, expand many percent. Coefficient of thermal expansion The coefficient of thermal expansion describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature ... thermal expansion coefficient is the most basic thermal expansion coefficient. In general, substances expand or contract when their temperature changes, with expansion or contraction occurring in all .... General volumetric thermal expansion coefficient In the general case of a gas, liquid, or solid, the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion is given by math alpha V frac 1 V , left frac ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In mathematics , a trinomial expansion is the expansion of a power of a sum of three terms into monomial s. The expansion is given by math a b c n sum i,j,k n choose i,j,k , a i , b j , c k math where n is a nonnegative integer and the sum is taken over all combinations of nonnegative indices i , j , and k such that i j k n . The trinomial coefficients are given by math n choose i,j,k frac n i ,j ,k ,. math This formula is a special case of the multinomial formula for m 3. The coefficients can be defined with a generalization of Pascal s triangle to three dimensions, called Pascal s pyramid or Pascal s tetrahedron . The number of terms of an expanded trinomial is math frac n 2 n 1 2 math where n is the exponent to which the trinomial is raised. See also Binomial expansion Pascal s pyramid Multinomial coefficient DEFAULTSORT Trinomial Expansion Category Factorial and binomial topics bs Trinomno pro irenje fr Formule du trin me de Newton ... more details
Query expansion QE is the process of reformulating a seed query to improve retrieval performance in information retrieval operations. ref cite journal last Vectomova first Olga coauthors Wang, Ying year 2006 title A study of the effect of term proximity on query expansion journal Journal of Information ... search engine s, query expansion involves evaluating a user s input what words were typed into the search ... documents. Query expansion involves techniques such as Finding synonym s of words, and searching ... query Query expansion is a methodology studied in the field of computer science , particularly ... Search engines invoke query expansion to increase the quality of user search results. It is assumed ... more results to comb through, regardless of the precision. The goal of query expansion in this regard ... to be more relevant to the user s desired query, are included, and without query expansion would ... of the defining problems in query expansion, regarding whether it is worthwhile to perform given the questionable ... this is implicitly handled by the query expansion algorithm, this explicitly affects the results ... query expansion with the use of Apache Lucene . http grasia.fdi.ucm.es jose query expansion LuceneQE State of Art query expansion for Lucene References D. Abberley, D. Kirby, S. Renals, and T. Robinson ... pubs 1999 esca99 thisl node6.html Query Expansion Concise, mathematical overview. R. Navigli, P. Velardi ... Expansion Strategies . Proc. of Workshop on Adaptive Text Extraction and Mining ATEM 2003 , in the 14th ... 26th, 2003, pp. 42 49 An analysis of query expansion methods relying on WordNet as the reference ontology. Y. Qiu and H.P. Frei. http citeseer.ist.psu.edu qiu93concept.html Concept Based Query Expansion ... method of query expansion Efthimis N. Efthimiadis. http faculty.washington.edu efthimis pubs Pubs qe arist QE arist.html Query Expansion . In Martha E. Williams ed. , Annual Review of Information ... reflist DEFAULTSORT Query Expansion Category Information retrieval Category Searching es Expansi n ... more details
merge to Expansion card date November 2011 Expansion slots are specific slots on a PC motherboard that facilitate the placement of expansion card s. All such expansion slots are colour coded, and are built in such a way that only a specific type of card or device can interface with be inserted into the device. Types Common types of expansion slots are Conventional PCI PCI , PCI X , PCI Express and Accelerated Graphics Port AGP . PCI Main Conventional PCI Peripheral Controller Interface these operate at either 33 or 66 MHz and 64 bits. This utilises parallel technology. PCI X Main PCI X This is the latest version of PCI technology operating at 66 MHZ and 64 bits. This also utilises parallel technology. PCI Express Main PCI Express This had less channels for data but it was much faster than AGP technology. It was cheaper to design and build. This type of slot was much more upgradeable expandable. It was also serial technology. AGP Main Accelerated Graphics Port This was a designated slot reserved for graphics cards. It was utilised in a motherboard that would be used in a PC that required high end graphics processing abilities. AGP Pro Used for Mac s that require high re draw capabilities. A good example would be a PC running AutoCAD. Some slots required up to 110W of dedicated power, this would be delivered using a power supply with its own MOLEX. Slot power supply PCI slots Can supply a maximum of 5V. It is important to note that a 5V card would not fit into a 3.3V slots. There are cards that can operate on two voltages they automatically default to the lower voltage. AGP slots These work on either 3.3V or 1.5V. See also Expansion card Motherboard Notes In recent times however we have seen the gradual replacement of AGP slots and cards with PCI type slots and cards. They have proven to be faster. They have also proven themselves to be more versatile as a greater ... to extending the capabilities of the PC. Category Motherboard expansion slot ... more details
The Engel expansion of a positive real number x is the unique non decreasing sequence of natural number ... 2a 3 cdots. math Rational number s have a finite Engel expansion, while irrational number s have an infinite Engel expansion. If x is rational, its Engel expansion provides a representation of x as an Egyptian ... , who studied them in 1913. An expansion analogous to an Engel expansion , in which alternating terms are negative, is called a Pierce expansion . Engel expansions, continued fractions, and Fibonacci Kraaikamp and Wu 2004 observe that an Engel expansion can also be written as an ascending variant ... in several instances in Liber Abaci , the result is an Engel expansion. However, Engel expansion as a general ... To find the Engel expansion of x , let math u 1 x, math math a k left lceil frac 1 u k right rceil ... i , halt the algorithm. Example To find the Engel expansion of 1.175, we perform the following ... ends here. Thus, math 1.175 frac 1 1 frac 1 1 cdot6 frac 1 1 cdot6 cdot20 math and the Engel expansion ... number has a unique finite Engel expansion. In the algorithm for Engel expansion, if u sub i sub is a rational ... in the remaining fraction u sub i sub decreases and the process of constructing the Engel expansion ... expansion using the identity math frac 1 n sum r 1 infty frac 1 n 1 r . math the final digit n in a finite Engel expansion can be replaced by an infinite sequence of n 1 s without changing ... of the finite Engel expansion of a rational number x y this question was answered by Erd s and Jeffrey Shallit Shallit , who proved that the number of terms in the expansion is O y sup 1 ... math OEIS id A028254 math 1 2,2,2,2,2, dots . math In general, an Engel expansion with constant terms ... njas sequences Sindx El.html Engel here . Growth rate of the expansion terms The coefficients a sub i sub of the Engel expansion typically exhibit exponential growth more precisely, for almost all ... in expansion generated by the greedy algorithm for Egyptian fractions . However, the set ... more details
merge from Expansion slots date November 2011 Image Chassis plans Digital IO Card.jpg thumb Example of a PCI Digital I O Expansion Card. The expansion card also expansion board , adapter card or accessory card in computing is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot of a computer motherboard or backplane to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus . One edge of the expansion card holds the contacts the edge connector that fit exactly into the slot. They establish ... case , around one to seven expansion cards can be added to a computer system. 19 or more expansion cards can be installed in backplane systems. There are also other factors involved in expansion card ... of expansion cards that are used for external connectivity, such as network card network , Storage ... purpose of an expansion card is to provide or expand on features not offered by the motherboard ... drive interface respectively. In the case of expansion of on board capability, a motherboard may provide a serial port single serial RS232 port or Ethernet port. An expansion card can be installed to offer ... provides basic functionality but the expansion card offers additional or enhanced ports. History The first commercial microcomputer to feature expansion slots was the Micral Micral N , in 1973 ... q.v. Compaq and then the VESA Local Bus Standard, were late 1980s expansion buses that were tied ... added for expansion on small form factor boards such as Mini ITX . The Universal Serial Bus USB format has become a de facto expansion bus standard especially for laptop computers. All the functions ... standard. FireWire or IEEE 1394 is a serial expansion bus originally promoted by Apple Inc. Often ... Commodore , Amiga , and Atari , offered their own expansion buses. Apple used a proprietary system ... series until 1995, at which time they switched to a standard PCI Bus. Generally PCI expansion cards ... game consoles, such as the Sega Genesis , included expansion buses at least in the case of the Genesis ... more details
An expansion bus is made up of electronic pathways which move information between the internal hardware of a computer system including the Central processing unit CPU and Random access memory RAM and peripheral devices. It is a collection of wires and Protocol computing protocols that allows for the expansion of a computer. http www.webopedia.com TERM E expansion bus.html History The first kit built microcomputers used a bus design called the S 100 bus for the number of pins on the connector. Many of these computers were passive backplane designs. Historically, IBM PC compatible personal computers have used an expansion bus called the Industry Standard Architecture ISA bus . ISA was supplanted by the PCI bus , which was in turn supplanted by the PCI Express . For graphics cards, AGP replaced PCI and then migrated to PCI express as well. There has been some talk of a new form factor for graphics cards that resembles a CPU socket. Users of the ISA bus had to have in depth knowledge of the hardware they were adding to properly connect the devices. However, the PCI bus made it much simpler, allowing for ease in assembly. Personal computer architectures other than the PC used their own buses the Apple Macintosh used NuBus before switching to PCI and the Amiga used Zorro II and ISA. Both Zorro II and NuBus were plug and play , requiring no hardware configuration by the user. Originally, the computer controlled the transfer of data, its efforts included interpreting, receiving, and sending out the data. Later on, a bus mastering device was created. It essentially has the capability of controlling its own transfer of data to another device, allowing the computer to focus on other tasks. In essence this device freed up the computer, allowing for more efficiency. http www.pccomputernotes.com system bus bus02.htm References Management Information Systems for the Information Age, pg 262 See also Bus computing Expansion card List of computer bus interfaces DEFAULTSORT Expansion Bus ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Extensor expansion Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image gray416.png Caption Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina. Extensor expansion not labeled, but region is visible. Image2 Caption2 Map MapPos MapCaption Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf A extensor expansion dorsal expansion , dorsal hood is an anatomical term that refers to the special connective attachments by which the extensor tendons insert into the phalanges. These flattened tendons aponeurosis of extensor muscles span the proximal and middle phalanges. ref name titleeMedicine Hand, Tendon Lacerations Extensors Article by D Glynn Bolitho, MD, PhD, FACS cite web url http www.emedicine.com plastic topic324.htm title eMedicine Hand, Tendon Lacerations Extensors Article by D Glynn Bolitho, MD, PhD, FACS accessdate 2008 01 20 format work ref At the distal end of the metacarpal , the extensor tendon will expand to form a hood, which covers the back and sides of the head of the metacarpal and the proximal Phalanx bones phalanx . Bands The expansion soon divides into three bands lateral bands pass on either side of the proximal phalanx and stretch all the way to the distal phalanx. The lumbricals of the hand , extensor indicis muscle , ref name isbn0 7817 5309 0 cite book author Kyung Won, PhD. Chung title Gross Anatomy Board Review publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins location Hagerstown, MD year 2005 isbn 0 7817 5309 0 oclc doi page 43 ref dorsal interossei of the hand , and palmar interossei insert on these bands. A single median band passes down the middle of the finger along the back of the proximal phalanx, ending at the base of the middle phalanx. A band known as the retinacular ligament runs obliquely along the middle phalanx, and connects the fibrous digital sheath on the anterior side of the phalanges to the extensor expansion. References reflist External links NormanAnatomy lesson5musofpostforearm KansasHandKinesiology ligaments fingdorsup.htm ... more details
Primary sources date July 2010 Notability Organization date July 2010 07th Expansion is a Japanese d jin group that specializes in the creation of visual novel s known as Visual novel Related terms sound novels . They started out drawing for the trading card game Leaf Fight , but they are known for creating the D jin soft d jin game series Higurashi When They Cry Higurashi no Naku Koro ni and Umineko no Naku Koro ni . They were also involved in the additional console editions of Higurashi produced by Alchemist company Alchemist , Higurashi When They Cry Matsuri Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Matsuri for the PlayStation 2 and the Higurashi When They Cry Kizuna Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Kizuna series for the Nintendo DS . Their most recent work is Higanbana no Saku Yoru ni . Members Ryukishi07 Screenplay, illustrations Yatazakura Scripting, also Ryukishi07 s younger brother BT Homepage management deceased Works Sound novels Higurashi When They Cry Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Onikakushi hen August 10, 2002 Comiket 62 Watanagashi hen December 29, 2002 Comiket 63 Tatarigoroshi hen August 15, 2003 Comiket 64 Himatsubushi hen August 13, 2004 Comiket 66 Higurashi When They Cry Kai Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Kai Meakashi hen December 30, 2004 Comiket 67 Tsumihoroboshi hen August 14, 2005 Comiket 68 Minagoroshi hen December 30, 2005 Comiket 69 Matsuribayashi hen August 13, 2006 Comiket 70 Higurashi When They Cry Rei Higurashi no Naku Koro ni Rei fan disc December 31, 2006 Comiket 71 Umineko no Naku Koro ni Umineko no Naku Koro ni Umineko no Naku Koro ni Episode 1 Legend of the Golden Witch August 17, 2007 Comiket 72 Episode 2 Turn of the Golden Witch December 31, 2007 ... links Official website http 07th expansion.net ja icon 07th Expansion Category D jin soft developers ... de 07th Expansion es 07th Expansion fr 07th Expansion ko 07th Expansion it 07th Expansion hu 07th Expansion ja 07th Expansion pl 07th Expansion vi 07th Expansion zh 07th Expansion ... more details
device Tissue expansion is a technique used by plastic surgery plastic and restorative surgery surgeon s to cause the body to grow additional skin , bone or other tissues. Skin expansion Image Tissue expander diagram.jpg thumb Skin expansion using a subcutaneous inflatable balloon Skin expansion ... expansion in pediatric forehead reconstruction year 2011 last1 Z llner first1 Alexander M. last2 ... CG title The expansion of an area of skin by progressive distention of a subcutaneous balloon use of the method ... journal Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ref Topically applied tissue expansion devices also exist ... Cost effectiveness of a topically applied pre operative tissue expansion device for radial forearm ... purposely by expansion on the back or the buttocks, so that it can be harvested later for Organ transplant ... wound s, surgery , burn injury burns , etc. Tissue expansion has also been used for the technique ... last1 Radovan first1 C title Tissue expansion in soft tissue reconstruction volume 74 issue 4 pages ... of skin expansion Stretching the skin beyond normal expansion invokes several mechanotransduction pathways ... area increases. Continuum mechanics approaches can be used to model skin growth during tissue expansion ... Adrian last3 Kuhl first3 Ellen journal Theoretical Biology ref Tissue growth due to skin expansion can ... cite journal doi 10.1007 s10237 011 0357 4 title Growing skin Tissue expansion in pediatric forehead ... topical tissue expansion can reduce the need for a split thickness skin graft after harvesting ... tissue expansion Randomized controlled trial volume 40 Suppl 1 pages S20 7 journal Journal ... expansion techniques to expand their surviving penile skin, making it a longer tube so it can ... straps, or weights, or tension derived from internal expansion of the device. Some men succeed ... Tissue expansion has been used on the scalp for treating scalp scarring, in lieu of hair transplation ... in bible.html title Hair growing amid tissue expansion with the reference of Bible publisher Healthy ... more details
Refimprove date November 2008 An expansion tube is a type of impulse facility that is conceptually similar to a shock tube with a secondary diaphragm, an expansion section, a test section, and a dump tank where the endwall would be located in a shock tube. ref cite book author Morris, C.I. title Shock Induced Combustion in High Speed Wedge Flows year 2001 series Stanford University Thesis url http thermosciences.stanford.edu pdf TSD 143.pdf ref It is typically used to produce high enthalpy flows for high speed aerodynamic flow and aerodynamic heating and atmospheric reentry testing. References refs Category Engineering equipment engineering stub ... more details
For locally approximating a function with a polynomial, see Taylor series . In mathematics , an expansion of a product of sums expresses it as a sum of products by using the fact that multiplication distributive property distributes over addition. Expansion of a polynomial expression can be obtained by repeatedly replacing subexpressions that multiply two other subexpressions, at least one of which is an addition, by the equivalent sum of products, continuing until the expression becomes a sum of repeated products. During the expansion, simplifications such are grouping of like terms or cancellations of terms may also be applied. Instead of multiplications, the expansion steps could also involve replacing powers of a sum of terms by the equivalent expression obtained from the binomial formula this is a shortened form of what would happen if the power were treated as a repeated multiplication, and expanded repeatedly. It is customary to reintroduce powers in the final result when terms involve products of identical symbols. Simple examples of polynomial expansions are the well known rules math x y 2 x 2 2xy y 2 math math x y x y x 2 y 2 math when used from left to right. A more general single step expansion will introduce all products of a term of one of the sums being multiplied with a term of the other math a b c d x y z ax ay az bx by bz cx cy cz dx dy dz math An expansion which involves multiple nested rewrite steps is that of working out a Horner scheme to the expanded polynomial it defines, for instance math 1 x 3 x 4 x 0 x 12 x cdot 2 1 3x 4x 2 12x 4 2x 5 math . The opposite ... . Expansion of a polynomial written in factored form To multiply two factors, each term of the first ... 10. math Expansion of x y sup n sup main Binomial theorem When expanding math x y n math , a special ... www.math.uakron.edu dpstory tutorial mptii lesson05.pdf Review of Algebra Expansion , University of Akron ... Calculator with Symbolic Calculations , livephysics.com DEFAULTSORT Polynomial Expansion Category ... more details
In mathematics, Shannon s expansion or the Shannon decomposition is a method by which a Boolean function can be represented by the sum of two sub functions of the original. Although it is often credited to Claude Shannon , Boole proved this much earlier. Shannon is credited with many other important aspects of Boolean algebra logic Boolean algebra . Expansion The Shannon expansion develops the idea that Boolean function s can be reduced by means of the Identity mathematics identity math F x cdot F x x cdot F x math where math F math is any function and math F x math and math F x math are positive and negative Shannon cofactors of math F math , respectively. A positive Shannon cofactor of function math F math with respect to variable math x math is defined as that function with all instances of math x math replaced by math 1 math . A negative Shannon cofactor is the same, but replaces all instances of math x math by math 0 math . The Shannon expansion theorem is an important idea in Boolean algebra logic Boolean algebra . It paved the way for binary decision diagram s, Boolean satisfiability problem satisfiability solvers , and many other techniques relevant for computer engineering and formal verification of digital circuits. Shannon s Jan.1948 paper, The Synthesis of Two Terminal Switching Circuits, ref cite journal journal Bell System Technical Journal volume 28 pages 59 98 title ... the expansion of a function as math f X 1, X 2, dots , X n X 1 cdot f 1, X 2, dots , X n X 1 cdot f 0, X 2, dots , X n math followed by the expansion for two variables, and noted that expansion can be continued ... s expansion the term x is very significant but problems can arise in simple equations. What if there were ... the expansion math f x g x x g x , math math f x yz y z x yz yz , math The expansion is complete. Of course, you can perform Shannon s Expansion about any variable you desire, so long as you ... even perform the expansion about many variables at once e.g. about xy . The result is a functionally ... more details
Bandwidth expansion is a technique for widening the Bandwidth signal processing bandwidth or the resonances in an Linear predictive coding LPC filter. This is done by moving all the Pole complex analysis poles towards the origin by a constant factor math gamma math . The bandwidth expanded filter math A z math can be easily derived from the original Digital filter filter math A z math by math A z A z gamma math Let math A z math be expressed as math A z sum k 0 N a kz k math The bandwidth expanded filter can be expressed as math A z sum k 0 N a k gamma kz k math In other words, each Linear prediction coefficient math a k math in the original filter is simply multiplied by math gamma k math in the bandwidth expanded filter. The simplicity of this transformation makes it attractive, especially in CELP coding of speech, where it is often used for the perceptual noise Weighting filter weighting and or to stabilize the LPC analysis. However, when it comes to stabilizing the LPC analysis, lag windowing is often preferred to bandwidth expansion. References P. Kabal, Ill Conditioning and Bandwidth Expansion in Linear Prediction of Speech , Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, Signal Processing , pp. I 824 I 827, 2003. Category Signal processing ... more details
The classical virial expansion expresses the pressure of a many particle system in Thermodynamic equilibrium equilibrium as a power series in the density . The virial expansion was introduced in 1901 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes as a generalization of the ideal gas law. He wrote for a gas containing math N math atoms or molecules, math frac p k BT rho B 2 T rho 2 B 3 T rho 3 cdots, math where math p math is the pressure, math k B math is the Boltzmann constant , math T math is the absolute temperature, and math rho equiv N V math is the number density of the gas. Note that for a gas containing a fraction math n math of math N A math Avogadros Number Avogadro s number molecules, truncation of the virial expansion after the first term leads to math pV n N A k B T nRT math , which is the ideal gas law. Writing math beta k B T 1 math , the virial expansion can be written in closed form as math frac beta p rho 1 sum i 1 infty B i 1 T rho i math . The virial coefficient s math B i T math are characteristic of the interactions between the particles in the system and in general depend on the temperature math T math . See also Statistical mechanics Category Statistical mechanics physical chemistry stub statistics stub de Virialgleichungen fr quation du viriel ja ru ... more details
for expansion for an n polytope is t sub 0,n 1 sub p,q,r,... . New simplex facets are added at each ... , etc. See also Conway polyhedron notation Notes reflist References mathworld urlname Expansion title Expansion Norman Johnson mathematician Norman Johnson Uniform Polytopes , Manuscript 1991 Norman ... more details
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