IPstack The Discard Protocol is a service in the Internet Protocol Suite defined in RFC 863. It is intended for testing, debugging, and measurement purposes. A host may send data to a host that supports the Discard Protocol on either Transmission Control Protocol TCP or User Datagram Protocol UDP port number 9. The data sent to the server is simply discarded. No response is returned. Inetd implementation On most UNIX like operating systems a discard server is built into the inetd or xinetd daemon computer software daemon . The discard service is usually not enabled by default. It may be enabled by adding the following lines to the file tt etc inetd.conf tt and reloading the configuration discard stream tcp nowait root internal discard dgram udp wait root internal The Discard Protocol is the TCP UDP equivalent of the Unix filesystem node dev null . Such a service is guaranteed to receive what is sent to it and can be used for debugging TCP and or UDP code requiring a guaranteed reception of payload sent. See also Echo Protocol Daytime Protocol Character Generator Protocol Time Protocol External links RFC 348, The Discard process RFC 863, The Discard protocol Category Internet protocols Category Application layer protocols ... more details
A binary protocol is a network protocolprotocol which is intended or expected to be read by a machine rather than a human being, as opposed to a plain text protocol such as IRC , SMTP , or HTTP . Binary protocols have the advantage of terseness, which translates into speed of transmission and interpretation. There has always been tension between two software development camps that believe new protocols should preferably be text based or binary, respectively. In recent years, with the ready availability of network bandwidth and mass storage, the text based camp has been gaining significant ground XML based systems are nearly ubiquitous but the debate continues ref http www.webservices.org weblog mark little soap for the masses A representative discussion of text and binary protocol debate, by Mark Little ref . Binary protocol is also used in the context of a protocol between exactly two parties, in contrast to a multi party protocol. Binary protocol, or binary collaboration have been used in the terminology of standards such as EbXML and EDOC ref http www.omg.org technology documents formal edoc.htm EDOC ref . An interface in the UML ref http www.uml.org Unified Modeling Language ref may also be considered a binary protocol. See also XML Telnet Binary file References references External links http www.catb.org esr writings taoup html ch05s01.html Chapter 5 of The Tao of Unix Programming champions textual formats over binary protocols. DEFAULTSORT Binary Protocol Category Network protocols Soft eng stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In communications, a link protocol is a method and specification for transmission of data from one node on a local network or network link to another node on the same link. Link protocols are commonly categorized according to the data link layer Data Link Layer Layer 2 specification of the OSI model or placed into the more general group of Link layer Link Layer protocols of the Internet protocol suite Internet Protocol Suite . See also Internet protocol suite Internet Protocol Suite Link layer Link Layer Open Systems Interconnection Data link layer Data Link Layer DEFAULTSORT Link Protocol Category Link protocols Category Data transmission Telecomm stub ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced August 2011 notability August 2011 Cisco IDS services communicate with each other by using the PostOffice protocol not to be confused with POP3 , SMTP , or other mail delivery protocols . It a Cisco proprietary protocol that run on port User Datagram Protocol UDP 4500. It provide a communication vehicle between the sensors and the Director platform. PostOffice protocol was later replace by Remote Data Exchange Protocol RDEP External links http ciscoarticles.com Intrusion Detection System Cisco PostOffice Protocol.html Cisco PostOffice Protocol Category Intrusion detection systems Category Cisco protocols ... more details
orphan date January 2011 Protocol Builder is a tool in some programming language s like C and C Sharp programming language C to generate code to build Communications protocolprotocol s in a fast and reliable way. Network programming for all kinds of protocols like Transmission Control Protocol TCP , User Datagram Protocol UDP , SNMP ... includes converting data to be transferred to a raw byte s in the sending side and parsing these bytes in the receiving side. Protocol builders facilitate this stage usually by generating the code automatically. Protocol Programming has many components to be developed, these are server listener, server connection, client connection, packets, and loggers, most protocol builders implement these components automatically so developers save time and money. Currently, there are two Protocol Builders in the market, one for C from UpRedSun which is for TCP and UDP protocols. The Second one is for .NET Framework .Net languages which generates the code in C for TCP Protocols, this tool is called .Net Protocol Builder. External links http www.protocol builder.com http www.protocol builder.com http www.upredsun.com http www.upredsun.com Categories Category Computer programming tools ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The swIPe IP Security Protocol swIPe is an experimental Internet Protocol IP security Protocol computing protocol that was specified in 1993. It operates at the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite . Purpose swIPe provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of network traffic, and can be used to provide both end to end and intermediate hop security. swIPe is concerned only with security mechanisms. The protocol does not handle policy and key management, which are handled outside the protocol. It works by augmenting each packet with a cryptographically strong authenticator and or encrypting the data to be sent. ref name draft cite news url http www.crypto.com papers swipe.id.txt title The swIPe IP Security Protocol INTERNET DRAFT date december 1993 author John Ioannidis and Matt Blaze publisher Columbia University and AT&T Bell Labs ref Protocol description swIPe encapsulates each IP datagram to be secured inside a swIPe packet. ref name draft A swIPe packet is an IP packet of protocol type 53. ref cite web url http www.iana.org assignments protocol numbers publisher Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA title Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers ref ref cite news title RFC5237 publisher Internet Engineering Task Force IETF url http rfc.net rfc5237.html ref A swIPe packet starts with a header, which contains identifying data and authentication information the header is followed by the original IP datagram, which in turn is followed by any padding required by the security processing. Depending on the negotiated policy, the sensitive part of the swIPe packet the authentication information and the original IP datagram may be encrypted. ref name draft Cisco routers and switches running IOS have been found vulnerable to Denial of Service DoS attacks which may result from processing packets with IP Protocol 53. ref http www.cisco.com en US products products security advisory09186a00801a34c2.shtml Security advisory for Cisco products ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Weasel date June 2010 merge to Connectionless communication date February 2011 In telecommunication s, connectionless describes communication between two network end points in which a message can be sent from one end point to another without prior arrangement. The device at one end of the communication transmits data addressed to the other, without first ensuring that the recipient is available and ready to receive the data. Some protocols allow for error correction by requested retransmission. Internet Protocol IP and User Datagram Protocol UDP are connectionless protocols. Connectionless protocols are also described as Stateless server stateless because the endpoints have no protocol defined way to remember where they are in a conversation of message exchanges. List of connectionless protocols Hypertext Transfer Protocol Internet Protocol IP internet layer, can also be used for connections User Datagram Protocol UDP Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX TIPC NetBEUI See also Connection oriented protocol DEFAULTSORT Connectionless Protocol Category Network protocols Category Internet architecture Category Internet protocols Compu network stub de Nachrichtenverbindung es Protocolo no orientado a la conexi n ... more details
IPstack The Daytime Protocol is a service in the Internet Protocol Suite , defined in 1983 in RFC 867. It is intended for testing and measurement purposes in computer network s. A host may connect to a server that supports the Daytime Protocol on either Transmission Control Protocol TCP or User Datagram Protocol UDP port 13. The server returns an ASCII character string of the current date and time in an unspecified format. Inetd implementation On UNIX like operating systems a daytime server is usually built into the inetd or xinetd daemon computer software daemon . The service is usually not enabled by default. It may be enabled by adding the following lines to the file tt etc inetd.conf tt and telling inetd to reload its configuration daytime stream tcp nowait root internal daytime dgram udp wait root internal An example output may be Tuesday, February 22, 1982 18 45 59 PST See also List of well known ports computing List of well known ports Echo Protocol Time Protocol Network Time Protocol External links RFC 867 http tf.nist.gov tf cgi servers.cgi List of NIST time servers supporting this protocol Category Network time related software Category Internet protocols Category Application layer protocols de Daytime es Daytime nl Daytime zh DAYTIME ... more details
A Protocol analyzer is a tool hardware or software used to capture and analyze signals and data traffic over a communication channel . Such a channel differs from a local computer bus to a satellite link, that provides a means of communication using a standard communication protocol Telecommunications network networked or Point to point telecommunications point to point . Each type of communication protocol has a different tool to collect and analyze signals and data. Protocol analyzer may refer to A Telecom Network Protocol Analyzer A network packet analyzer A bus analyzer An IP Load tester disambig ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 The Fast Local Internet Protocol is a Suite of Internet Protocols, which provide Transparency computing transparency , security and network management. Tanenbaum et al., Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam See also portalbox Computer networking Computer Science Amoeba distributed operating system DEFAULTSORT Flip Fast Local Internet Protocol Category Internet protocols Compu network stub de Fast Local Internet Protocol ja Amoeba Fast Local Internet Protocol pl Fast Local Internet Protocol pt FLIP ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A rendezvous protocol is a protocol computing computer network protocol that enables resources or Peer to peer p2p network peers to find each other. Examples of rendezvous protocols include Sun Microsystems JXTA , Session Initiation Protocol SIP , Freenet Project , I2P , and such protocols generally involve NAT hole punching . Because of Firewall computing firewall network address translation issues, rendezvous protocols generally require that there be at least one unblocked and un NATed servers that lets the peers locate each other and initiate concurrent packet information technology packet s at each other. internet stub network software stub Category File sharing networks es Multisource File Transfer Protocol ... more details
The Beck Protocol is an alternative medicine form of therapy that includes electric currents micro currents , ozone ozonated water, colloidal silver Current alternative medicine use colloidal silver , and magnets . ref http sharinghealth.com beckprotocol whatisbp.htm Sharing Health From the Heart Beck Protocol What is The Beck Protocol Bot generated title ref It is administered through specialist equipment and was designed Robert C. Beck, D.Sc. ref http www.sota.com default.aspx?page sota products Sota Instruments and Sota Products by Sota. SOTA Instruments Inc Bot generated title ref ref http www.bobbeck.com Bob Beck Bob Beck Protocol, bioelectric protocol, Bob Beck zapper and colloidal silver Bot generated title ref References references Category Alternative medical systems Alt med stub ... more details
A routing protocol is a protocol computing protocol that specifies how Router computing routers communicate ... protocol shares this information first among immediate neighbors, and then throughout the network. This way ... routing protocols, see Routing . The term routing protocol may refer specifically to one operating ... protocol IP networks Interior gateway protocol Interior gateway routing via link state routing protocol s, such as Open Shortest Path First OSPF and Intermediate system to intermediate system IS IS Interior gateway protocol Interior gateway routing via path vector protocol path vector or distance vector routing protocol distance vector protocols, such as Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IGRP and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP Exterior gateway protocol Exterior gateway routing . Border gateway protocol BGP v4 is the routing protocol used by the public Internet . Many ... in notes rfc791.txt INTERNET PROTOCOL , RFC 791, J Postel, September 1981. ref ref ftp ftp.rfc ... scale up many other factors Routed versus routing protocols A routed protocol can be routed by a router, i.e., it can be forwarded from one router to another. A routing protocol sends and receives packets ... themselves run over routed protocols for example, BGP runs over Transmission Control Protocol TCP ... between the routing and routed protocols. That a routing protocol runs over particular transport mechanism does not mean that the routing protocol is of layer N 1 if the transport mechanism is of layer ... Open Shortest Path First OSPF , Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IGRP , and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP run directly over IP OSPF and EIGRP have their own reliable transmission mechanism while IGRP assumed an unreliable transport Routing Information Protocol RIP runs over User Datagram Protocol UDP Border Gateway Protocol BGP runs over Transmission Control Protocol TCP Interior ... routing domain . A given autonomous system Internet Protocol EIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing ... more details
About the IP network protocol only Internet architecture or other protocols Internet Protocol Suite and TCP IP model IPstack The Internet Protocol IP is the principal communications protocol used for relaying datagram s also known as network packet s across an internetwork using the Internet Protocol Suite . Responsible for routing packets across network boundaries, it is the primary protocol that establishes the Internet . IP is the primary protocol in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol ... Kahn in 1974, the other being the connection oriented Transmission Control Protocol TCP . The Internet Protocol Suite is therefore often referred to as TCP IP. The first major version of IP, IPv4 Internet Protocol Version 4 IPv4 , is the dominant protocol of the internet. Its successor is IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6 IPv6 , which is increasing in use. Function The Internet Protocol is responsible ... across one or more IP networks. For this purpose the Internet Protocol defines an addressing system ... UDP encapsulation.svg thumb Sample encapsulation of application data from User Datagram Protocol UDP to a Link protocol frame Each datagram has two components, a Header computing header and a Payload ... importantly by routers, which typically use either interior gateway protocol s IGPs or Exterior Gateway Protocol external gateway protocol s EGPs to decide how to move datagrams among networks. IP routing ... Group Management Protocol for control of the multicast routing but use MAC addresses for the actual ... address. As a consequence of this design, the Internet Protocol only provides best effort delivery ... less protocol, in contrast to so called connection oriented modes of transmission. The lack of reliability ... Protocol ICMP allows such notification. In contrast, IPv6 abandons checksums in favor of faster routing. Upper layer protocol s are responsible for resolving reliability issues. For example, an upper layer protocol may cache data to make sure that it is in the correct order, before giving the data ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Context date October 2009 Interaction protocols are possible communication scenarios between individual agents in multi agent system s. FIPA defines markup computing markup for interaction protocol computing protocol diagrams and several standard interaction protocols, including Dutch auction , English auction and reply response. DEFAULTSORT Interaction Protocol Category Data interchange standards Category Markup languages Comp sci stub Compu stub should be in a more specific category ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Protocol can mean any logbook or other artifact forged or authentic of a political meeting between persons from different nations, such as the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change. The most notorious example of a forged logbook is The Protocols of the Elders of Zion . Politics stub DEFAULTSORT Protocol Politics Category Political terms ar eo Protokolo raporto ... more details
In computer network networking , a communications protocol or network protocol is the specification of a set of rules for a particular type of communication . Multiple Protocol computing protocols often ... are known as a protocol suite when implemented in software they are a protocol stack . The terms are often intermingled people may use the term protocol to refer to a software implementation, or use protocol stack to refer to the specification. Most recent protocols are assigned by the IETF for Internet .... Network protocol design principles Systems engineering principles have been applied to create a set of common network protocol design principles . Protocol layering In modern protocol design, network protocol protocols are layered . Layering is a design principle which divides the protocol design ... with the other parts of the protocol only in a small number of well defined ways. For example, one layer ... with the Internet s simple mail transfer protocol , for example , while another may detect and retry errors with the Internet s transmission control protocol , another handles addressing say with IP, the Internet Protocol , another handles the encapsulation of that data into a stream of bits for example, with the point to point protocol , and another handles the electrical encoding of the bits, with a V.42 modem , for example . Layering allows the parts of a protocol to be designed and tested ... also permits familiar protocols to be adapted to unusual circumstances. For example, the mail protocol above can be adapted to send messages to aircraft. Just change the V.42 modem protocol to the INMARS LAPD data protocol used by the international marine radio satellites. The reference model usually used for layering is the OSI seven layer model , which can be applied to any protocol, not just the OSI protocols. In particular, the Internet Protocol can be analysed using the OSI model . Error detection ... bad parts of a message . For example, in TCP the internet s Transmission Control Protocol , messages ... more details
The Oakley Key Determination Protocol is a key agreement protocol that allows authenticated parties to exchange keying material across an insecure connection using the Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm. The protocol was proposed by H. Orman in 1998, and formed the basis for the more widely used Internet key exchange protocol. ref cite web url http searchsecurity.techtarget.com sDefinition 0,,sid14 gci884946,00.html title What is Internet Key Exchange? publisher TechTarget accessdate 2006 11 12 ref The Oakley protocol has also been implemented in Cisco Systems ISAKMP daemon computer software daemon . ref cite web url http www.cisco.com en US tech tk583 tk372 technologies tech note09186a0080093c2b.shtml title RED ISAKMP and Oakley Information publisher Cisco Systems accessdate 2006 11 12 ref External links RFC 2412 The OAKLEY Key Determination Protocol RFC 2409 The Internet Key Exchange IKE References references cryptography navbox public key Category Cryptographic protocols Category Article Feedback 5 pl Oakley protok ... more details
Notability date May 2008 MEGAlink is a file transfer protocol developed by Paul Meiners in 1987. His goal was to design and implement a Communications protocolprotocol that meets or exceeds the following criteria Fast. Efficiency must exceed 95 on average basis. Reliable. Known defects in prior protocols must be corrected. Inexpensive. Implementation cost must be low. Based on Meiners experience and reading the literature, he believed Zmodem The ideal protocol. Highly reliable and fast. Only failing is that the cost of implementation is high. Ymodem Very fast, but not network friendly. Also leaves something to be desired on the reliability front. Error correction is slow. WXmodem Fast and network friendly. However, several questions exist with regard to reliability. The format of the header block conforms to the standard link format established by Tom Jennings when he designed the XMODEM TeLink TeLink protocol, also used by the SEAlink protocol. External links http www.cpeterso.com protocols MLINK16.ARJ MEGAlink 1.6 program http www.cpeterso.com protocols MEGALINK.TXT MEGAlink documentation Category BBS file transfer protocols ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The 9 Pin Protocol is a two way communications protocol for the RS 422 D sub electrical connector interface, in which a bi direction signal is transmitted over a single, four wire, serial cable to allow the remote control of a wide variety of devices including, reel to reel type C videotape video tape recorder s VTR as well as videocassette recorder s VCR . The online editing Computer Control unit control unit s used in post production relies heavily on the 9 Pin Protocol to remotely control auotmated linear editing devices that use sequential access methods. In broadcast automation the Video Disk Control Protocol VDCP use the 9 Pin Protocol to playout broadcast programming schedules. External links http www.belle nuit.com archives 9pin.html Sony 9 pin protocol summary Category Computer standards Category Serial buses Category Television terminology ... more details
for other things named Photuris Photuris disambiguation In computer network ing, Photuris is a session key management Communications protocol protocol defined in Request for Comments RFC 2522. See also FIREFLY External links RFC 2522 http www.citi.umich.edu u provos photuris Test implementation of Photuris Category Network protocols Compu network stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 Orphan date November 2009 The Stanford Protocol is a combination of surgeries that are undertaken to treat obstructive sleep apnea . The Protocol involves two phases, the first of which involves UPPP and one or more of Genioglossus Advancement or Hyoid Suspension . The Second Phase of the operation involves maxillomandibular advancement . Category Sleep disorders Surgery stub ... more details
orphan date September 2010 The MECIF Protocol Medical Computer Interface Protcol , is a rare communications protocol originally developed by Hewlett Packard to allow external devices e.g. computers to communicate with certain Hewlett Packard patient monitors . It is a client server based protocol that uses a modified RS 232 cable to allow a client e.g. a computer to send commands to a server e.g. patient monitor ref name description http anestit.unipa.it software TEngel Abstracts.html STA93 , A Macintosh Client for the Hewlett Packard Component Monitoring System ref . The protocol can be used to retrieve vital data from patient monitors, such as ECG, blood pressure and heart rate signals. Ownership of the protocol has changed hands many times and was most recently supported by Philips ref name ownership https woc.dei.uc.pt weboncampus getFile.do?tipo 2&id 9816 , RS232 Computer Interface Programming Guide ref . Due to the complexity of the protocol, very few software applications currently support it. References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist External links http www.mecifview.com MECIFView Software application for acquiring data from patient monitors using the MECIF protocol http physionet.caregroup.harvard.edu physiotools record record Software tools for communicating using the MECIF protocol Categories Category Health standards ... more details
The protocol stack is an implementation of a computer network ing protocol suite . The terms protocol stack and protocol suite are often used interchangeably. Strictly speaking, the suite is the definition ... is a protocol stack? accessdate 2010 02 21 url http www.webopedia.com TERM P protocol stack.html publisher WEBOPEDIA location http www.webopedia.com quote A protocol stack is a set of network protocol layers that work together. The OSI Reference Model that defines seven protocol layers is often called ... cite web title What Is a Protocol Suite? accessdate 2010 02 21 publisher eHow location http www.ehow.com author Bruce Ritter date 2010 01 09 url http www.ehow.com about 5849361 protocol suite .html quote A protocol suite is a collection of communications procedures, broken down into small data packets ... protocol protocols within a suite are often designed with a single purpose in mind. This modularity programming modularization makes design and evaluation easier. Because each protocol module usually ... protocol always deals with low level , physical interaction of the hardware. Every higher layer ... transfers. ref . In practical implementation, protocol stacks are often divided into three major sections media, transport, and applications. ref cite web title What Is a Protocol Suite? accessdate ... 6917772 protocol stack definition.html quote Protocol stacks are made up of individual layers, which ... defines how transport protocol software makes use of particular media and hardware types card drivers . For example, this interface level would define how Internet protocol suite TCP IP transport ... in the Unix world, and Winsock in the Microsoft world. General protocol suite description T T A B ... the airwaves using a suitable network protocol such as IEEE 802.11 . B and C are connected via a cable, using it to exchange data again, with the help of a protocol, for example Ethernet . However, neither ... are conceptually on different networks. One, therefore, needs an inter network protocol to connect ... more details
The MESIF protocol is a cache coherency and memory coherence protocol developed by Intel for Non Uniform Memory Access Cache coherent NUMA .28ccNUMA.29 cache coherent non uniform memory architectures ref http www.realworldtech.com page.cfm?ArticleID RWT082807020032&p 5 ref . The protocol consists of five states, Modified M , Exclusive E , Shared S , Invalid I and Forward F . The M, E, S and I states are the same as in the MESI protocol . The F state is a specialized form of the S state, and indicates that a cache should act as a designated responder for any requests for the given line. The protocol ensures that, if any cache holds a line in the S state, at most one other cache holds it in the F state. In a system of caches employing the MESI protocol, a cache line request that is received by multiple caches holding a line in the S state will receive multiple responses. In a system of caches employing the MESIF protocol, a cache line request will be responded to only by the cache holding the line in the F state ref US Patent 6922756, http www.google.com patents about?id MzYVAAAAEBAJ&dq 6922756 ref . This methodology can be used to reduce the time until the original requestor of the cacheline will receive the data response for the cacheline, while allowing the use of as few multicast packets as the network topology will allow. For any given pair of caches, the permitted states of a given cache line are as follows class wikitable style text align center M E S I F M N N N Y N E N N N Y N S N N Y Y Y I Y Y Y Y Y F N N Y Y N See also MSI protocol MESI protocol MOSI protocol MOESI protocol References Reflist Categories Category Cache coherency ru MESIF ... more details
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