The ATMForum was founded in 1991 to be the industry consortium to promote Asynchronous Transfer Mode technology used in telecommunication networks. It was a non profit international organization. The ATMForum created over 200 implementation agreements. History ATM technology stabilized with the Anchorage Accord , which established the baseline of ATM implementations. While ATM did not live up to every expectation, it remained an important core network technology. The Frame Relay Forum promoting frame relay also started in 1991. The MPLS Forum which supported Multiprotocol Label Switching had begun in 2000. Those two merged in 2003 to become the MPLS and Frame Relay Alliance MFA . In 2005, the ATMForum joined forces with the MFA to form the MFA Forum, which was re named to be the IP MPLS Forum. In May 2009 the IP MPLS Forum merged with the Broadband Forum . ref name history Cite web title About the Broadband ForumForum History url http www.broadband forum.org about forumhistory.php accessdate September 24, 2011 ref Sampling of specifications ATM MPLS Network Interworking Multi Protocol Over ATM TM 4.1 User Network Interface B ICI ANNI PNNI Frame based ATM ILMI 622.08 Mbit s physical layer Inverse ATM Mux Circuit Emulation Service ATM Security Framework Circuit Emulation Service A widely adopted specification to emerge from the ATMForum was the Circuit Emulation Service specification ... ATMForum Circuit Emulation Service specification 2.0 ref . References reflist External links http www.atmforum.com ATMForum http www.atmforum.com standards approved.html ATMForum Interoperability Agreements http www.mfaforum.org MFA Forum DEFAULTSORT AtmForum Category Consortia de ATMForum fr ATMForum ... PDH signals into Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM cells. It also supported J2 and DS 3 signals. The service was built around the ATM Adaptation Layers ATM Adaption Layer 1 specification from the International ... more details
Wiktionary ATMatmATM or atm is an abbreviation which may refer to Science and technology Air traffic management , a concept in air navigation that includes air traffic control . Alternating Turing machine , model of computation used in theoretical computer science Amateur Telescope Maker , person engaged in the hobby of Amateur Telescope Making Amateur Telescope Making , series of three books by Albert Graham Ingalls Anjungan Tunai Mandiri , Indonesian term for Automated Teller Machine that means Autonomous Cash Platform Apollo Telescope Mount , solar observatory attached to Skylab, the first US space station Asynchronous Transfer Mode , telecommunications protocol used in networking Ataxia telangiectasia mutated , protein kinase that plays a role in response to DNA damage ATM computer , a ZX Spectrum clone, developed in Moscow in 1991 Atmosphere unit atm , unit of atmospheric pressure Automated Teller Machine , cash dispenser or cash machine Azithromycin an azalide, subclass of macrolide antibiotics People and organizations Airport code for Altamira Airport in Brazil Andrew Martin Andrew Test Martin, deceased Canadian professional wrestler Angkatan Tentera Malaysia , the Malaysian Armed Forces Anna Tomanov Makanov Serb. , Ana Tomanova Makanova , president of the National Council of the Slovak National Minority in Serbia. Association of Teachers of Mathematics , UK teacher organisation Azienda Trasporti Milanesi , public company responsible for public transportation in Milan Miscellaneous ATM film ATM film , a 2012 American film Able Toastmaster , used as a postnominal for people granted awards from Toastmasters International Active Traffic Management ... sometimes shortened to ATM disambiguation DEFAULTSORT Atm Category Initialisms ca ATM cs ATM de ATM es ATM fa ATM fr ATM ko ATM hr ATM razdvojba it ATM nl ATM ja ATM pl ATM pt ATM ro ATM ru ATM simple ATM fi ATM sv ATM th ATM tr ATM vi ATM zh ATM ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Interbank Network name atm logo File Atm5 logo.png area Singapore foundation 2005 members 6 atm 143 Lowercase atmatm is an interbank network in Singapore , connecting the automated teller machine ATMs of six of Singapore s eight List of banks in Singapore Qualifying full banks qualifying full banks , with the non participating QFBs being BNP Paribas and ICICI . As of 2006 , there are 143 atm ATMs island wide. The network was established in April 2005. atm is also one of the few interbank networks that does not charge its customers for transactions via another member bank s ATM, having removed all interbank transaction charges on April 4, 2006. Members atm is the primary network of the following banks listed below class wikitable width 65 align center List of banks in Singapore Bank Automated teller machine ATM Number of ATMs Minimum Withdrawal per transaction align center Citibank Singapore Citibank ATM 36 100 align center HSBC HSBC ATM 29 10 align center Maybank Maybank ATM 32 10 align center Australia and New Zealand Banking Group ANZ ANZ ATM 19 10 align center Standard Chartered Bank Standard Chartered ATM 31 10 align center State Bank of India SBI ATM 15 10 See also List of banks in Singapore ATM usage fees Interbank networks Category Banks of Singapore ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 orphan date November 2009 ATM is a show aired on XHJUB TV , a Televisa station in Ciudad Ju rez , Chihuahua state Chihuahua , Mexico . It is a musical hour consisting of Mexican country music clips. It is hosted by Adrian Fonseca Adrian and Rosy Fonseca . DEFAULTSORT Atm Category Televisa Regional shows Category Mexican music television series Nonfiction tv prog stub Mexico tv stub ... more details
Other uses Bank card disambiguation Image ClientCardSample.png thumb 180px right Sample ATM card. An ATM card also known as a bank card , client card , key card or cash card is a card issued by a bank , credit union or building society that can be used at an automated teller machine ATM for deposits, withdrawals, account information, and other types of transactions, often through interbank network s. Some ATM cards can also be used at a branch, as identification for in person transactions at merchants, for EFTPOS point of sale purchases ATM cards are typically about 86 54 mm, i.e. ISO IEC 7810 ID 1 ISO IEC 7810 ID 1 size. Unlike a debit card , in store purchases or refunds with an ATM card can generally be made in person only, as they require authentication through a personal identification number or PIN. In other words, ATM cards cannot be used at merchants that only accept credit cards . However, other types of transactions through telephone banking telephone or online banking may be performed with an ATM card without in person authentication. This includes account balance inquiries, electronic bill payment s or in some cases, online purchases see Interac Interac Online Interac Online . In some countries, the two functions of ATM cards and debit cards are combined into a single card called a debit card or also commonly called a bank card. These are able to perform banking tasks at ATMs and also make point of sale transactions, both functions using a PIN. Canada s Interac and Europe s Maestro debit card Maestro are examples of networks that link bank accounts with point of sale equipment. Due to increased card fraud with magnetic stripe cloning, the European Payments Council established a Card Fraud Prevention Task Force in 2003 that spawned a commitment to migrate all ATMs and POS applications to use a chip and pin solution until the end of 2010. ref http www.europeanpaymentscouncil.eu ... Prevention Forum Agreement on new measures to fight card fraud , 19. July 2010 by C dric Sarazin ref ... more details
Infobox film name ATM image ATMfilmposter.jpg alt see WP ALT caption Teaser poster director David Brooks producer Paul Brooks br Peter Safran writer Chris Sparling starring Alice Eve br Josh Peck br Brian Geraghty music David Buckley cinematography Bengt Jonsson editing studio Buffalo Gal Pictures br Gold Circle Films br The Safran Company distributor IFC Midnight released Film date 2012 4 6 runtime country Film US language English budget gross ATM is an upcoming thriller directed by David Brooks ... stop off at an ATM late one night and soon find themselves trapped within the booth by an unknown hooded killer lurking outside. ref name http www.slashfilm.com chris sparlings atm details revealed cite web url http www.slashfilm.com chris sparlings atm details revealed title Chris Sparling s ATM ... atm movie trailer 135681 cite web url http collider.com atm movie trailer 135681 title Trailer for ATM ... for atm cite web url http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm title Buried Writer Withdrawals Three Leads For ATM accessdate January 14, 2012 ref Josh Peck as Corey ref name http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm cite web url http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm title Buried Writer Withdrawals Three Leads For ATM accessdate January 14, 2012 ref Brian Geraghty as David ref name http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm cite web url http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm title Buried Writer Withdrawals Three Leads For ATM accessdate ... news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm cite web url http thefilmstage.com news buried writer withdrawals three leads for atm title Buried Writer Withdrawals Three Leads For ATM accessdate ... IMDb title 1603257 ATM DEFAULTSORT Atm Category 2012 films Category Films shot in Winnipeg fr ATM film it ATM Trappola mortale ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2009 ATMATM Turbo is a ZX Spectrum clone, developed in Moscow , in 1991, by two firms, MicroArt and ATM. It has an nowrap Zilog Z80 Z80 at 7 MHz , nowrap 1024 kB Random access memory RAM , nowrap 128 kB Read only memory ROM , General Instrument AY 3 8910 AY 8910 two ones in upgraded models , 8 bit Digital to analog converter DAC , 8 bit 8 channel Analog to digital converter ADC , RS 232 , Centronics The interface Centronics , Beta Disk Interface , Parallel ATA IDE interface, IBM Personal Computer AT AT IBM Personal Computer XT XT keyboard, text mode nowrap 80x25 , nowrap 16 colours , nowrap 8x8 pattern , and nowrap 3 graphics modes . Graphics modes nowrap 640 x 200 mode has colour attribute byte for each nowrap 8 pixels . Difference from Profi computer is that ATM has full nowrap 16 colour set for both ink and paper. nowrap 320 x 200 mode nowrap 16 colours is ordinary raster mode, but not similar to Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA it is two pixel Packed pixel chunky , not Planar computer graphics planar like Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA . Two games for this mode were converted directly from Personal Computer PC Prince of Persia and Goblins computer game , and one from PlayStation Sony PlayStation Time Gal . Some other games for this mode exist. The latter one is Ball Quest August, 2006 . nowrap 256 x 192 ZX Spectrum mode. Palette computing Palette nowrap ... bug fixes by NedoPC . Models v6.00 are called ATM 1, later models are called ATM 2 2 or ATM Turbo 2 ... , TASiS , DNA OS , Mr Gluk Reset Service . History ATM was developed on basis of the famous Pentagon computer . ATM was produced until 1994 by ATM and MicroArt, then the firms separated and soon closed ... Speccy v0.27 and higher. Software http atmturbo.nedopc.com ATM Turbo support site http trd.speccy.cz Virtual TR DOS Sinclair computers and clones List of Soviet computer systems DEFAULTSORT Atm Computer Category ZX Spectrum clones es ATM microordenador pt ATM computador ru ATM Turbo vi ATM m y ... more details
Infobox Interbank Network name ATM Bersama logo Image ATM Bersama.png area Indonesia foundation 1993 members ATM 17,000 ATM Bersama is one of the many interbank network s in Indonesia , connecting the automated teller machine ATM networks of twenty one banks in Indonesia. It was established 1993 and is based on the model adopted by MegaLink , an interbank network in the Philippines . At present, ATM Bersama has over 70 members with 17,000 ATMs over all of Indonesia s provinces and countless of Indonesia s cities. The network is owned by PT Artajasa Pembayaran Elektronis. Services ATM Bersama provides many interbank facilities, including balance inquiry, cash withdrawal and real time online transfer to other accounts of members of the shared network. In 2004 ARTAJASA made a cross border ATM Bersama with partner provider MEPS , Malaysia to service Indonesian workers, students living there as well as tourists. Singapore and Thailand have already been linked to the ATM Bersama network with NETS and ITMX respectively. ref id http www.artajasa.co.id atmbersama.htm ref Members Current members The following banks are the current members of ATM Bersama network ref id http www.artajasa.co.id memberbank.php ref ANZ Bank Agroniaga Bank Artos Indonesia Bank Bengkulu Bank Kalsel Bank Kaltim Bank Bukopin Bank Capital Bank Commonwealth Bank DKI Bank Ganesha Bank HSBC Bank Ina Perdana Bank Index Bank Jabar Banten Bank Jambi Bank Jateng Bank Jatim Bank Kalbar Bank Kesawan Bank Kesejahteraan Bank Lampung Bank Maluku Bank Mayapada Internasional Bank Mayora Bank Mega Bank Mega Syariah Bank Mestika Bank Muamalat Bank Mutiara Bank Nagari Bank NTB Bank NTT Bank Nusantara Parahyangan Bank Panin Bank Papua Bank Pundi Indonesia Bank Riau Kepri Bank Saudara Bank Sinarmas Bank Sulsel Bank Sulteng Bank ... Standard Chartered Bank UOB Buana See also MegaLink ATM usage fees Indonesian interbank networks ALTO ... Atm Bersama Category Interbank networks Category Companies of Indonesia id ATM Bersama ... more details
noref date December 2010 Established in 1992, ATM Grupa S.A. is the largest independent Television in Poland TV producer in Poland . The company has an approximately 14 percent share of the market estimated to be worth Polish z oty PLN 750m. ATM is the only company in the market with its own technical and logistic base of studios and equipment that enables them to provide of the full range of services related to preparation and production of Television program TV programs . Group Companies ATM Capital Group comprises nine companies, including ATM Grupa S.A., a television producer TV and film producer that owns ATM System and a provider of Television studio TV studio and equipment rental, and ATM ... for Television crew production crew s. ATM is in the process of consolidating the Polish production ... A, MT Art, Baltmedia, and ATM Studio. Profilm is one of the longest established independent TV producers ... film s Baltmedia is a Polish television and film studio and ATM Studio coordinates the development of a state of the art complex of TV studios in Warsaw. In addition, in December 2008, ATM Grupa S.A. ... and Film Productions ATM produces television programming for major Television in Poland Polish broadcaster s such as Polsat , TV4 Poland Polskie Media TV4 and Telewizja Polska . ATM Grupa S.A. s productions ... Mateusz . ATM has also produced Dlaczego nie , co produced with MTL Maxfilm Pitbull , a feature ... . Licences ATM is the only Polish producer to license TV format format rights to foreign buyers. The Group ... First Love . In 2008, ATM Group licensed the rights to the reality TV show Stark Naked Min El Zero to the Lebanon Lebanese television producer IMAGIC. Awards ATM Group s companies have won multiple awards ... Rose at the international Rose d Or Festival , the second such nomination after First Love for an ATM Group series. In early 2008, six ATM Group productions were nominated for 2008 Telekameras Kiepskis .... External links http www.atmgrupa.pl Web page Category Television in Poland fr ATM Grupa pl ATM ... more details
globalize date August 2006 A Talking ATM is a type of automated teller machine ATM that provides audible instructions so that persons who cannot read an ATM screen can independently use the machine. All audible information is delivered privately through a standard headphone jack on the face of the machine or a separately attached telephone handset. Information is delivered to the customer either through pre recorded sound files or via text to speech speech synthesis . History The world s first talking ATM for the Blindness blind was an NCR machine unveiled by the Royal Bank of Canada on October ... Street in Ottawa , Ontario . The talking ATM was a result of concerns Chris and Marie Stark, two ... Bankas implemented Talking ATMs first time in Turkey starting on December 2010. The Talking ATM ... to the Talking ATM s headphone jack and when it is disconnected from the jack, transaction is ended for security. Optionally, the customer may select to mask the account information on the ATM ... in the US The first public actions in the United States to achieve ATM access for the blind occurred ... a talking ATM at all of its 1,500 ATM locations in California . The company has subsequently installed talking ATMs at all ATM locations in all states. ref http www.gdblegal.com resources.php?menuItem ... Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund DREDF ref The first talking ATM in the United States was a Diebold ... financial institution to commit to installing a talking ATM at all of its ATM locations nationwide ... ATM manufacturers provide the ability to connect headsets to their ATMs. Speech features are now available from lower cost ATM producers, which means that the technology should gradually appear in off premise ATM installations as equipment wears out and is replaced. Several companies provide interfaces that update TALKING ATM machines for ADA compliance. Refer to Text to Speech for ATM and TTS for ADA ... Braille References references DEFAULTSORT Talking Atm Category Banking terms and equipment Category ... more details
Infobox Weapon name ATM 2000E Pz Mi 88 image caption origin Austria type Anti tank mine Type selection is explosive yes Service history service used by Austrian Army wars Production history designer design date manufacturer Dynamit Nobel Wien unit cost production date number variants General specifications spec label weight 6 kg length 251 mm part length width 251 mm height 130 mm diameter crew Explosive specifications filling Self forging fragment warhead filling weight 1.9 kg of explosive detonation Microprocessor triggered with seismic, magnetic and pressure sensors yield The ATM 2000 Pz Mi 88 and ATM 2000E are Austria n plastic cased anti vehicle mines using Misznay Schardin effect warhead. The mine uses an electronic microprocessor controlled fuze with magnetic, seismic and pressure sensors allowing it to discriminate between targets. The mine can be laid by hand or by a mechanical mine laying system, and arms ten minutes after being laid. The mine is fitted with an anti handling device, and can be command detonated. When triggered, the mine detonates a small clearing charge, which clears away any earth laid on top of the mine. It then fires the main warhead, which uses a metal liner to form a penetrating fragment which is projected into the belly of the vehicle passing over the mine. The self forging fragment is capable of penetrating steel up to 200 millimeters thick. The mine is currently being produced by Dynamit Nobel Wien and is in service with the Austrian Army . References cite book title Jane s Mines and Mine Clearance 2005 2006 External links ORDATA mines 4452 DEFAULTSORT Atm 2000e Category Anti tank mines Category Military equipment of Austria Category Weapons of Austria tr ATM 2000E ... more details
Infobox settlement See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage Basic info name Al atm other name native name for cities whose native name is not in English nickname settlement type images and maps image skyline imagesize image caption pushpin map Yemen pushpin label position bottom pushpin mapsize 300 pushpin map caption Location in Yemen Location subdivision type Country subdivision name Yemen subdivision type1 Governorates of Yemen Governorate subdivision name1 San a Governorate subdivision type2 subdivision name2 Politics government footnotes government type leader title leader name established title Settled established date Area area magnitude unit pref Imperial Enter Imperial, if Imperial metric is desired area footnotes area total km2 ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion area land km2 See table Template Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion Population population as of population footnotes population note population total population density km2 population density sq mi population metro population density metro km2 population density metro sq mi General information timezone Yemen Standard Time utc offset 3 timezone DST utc offset DST latd latm lats latNS N longd longm longs longEW E elevation footnotes for references use ref ref tags elevation m elevation ft website footnotes Al atm is a village in western central Yemen . It is located in the San a Governorate . External links http www.tageo.com index e ym v 16.htm Towns and villages in the San a Governorate Sana a Governorate coord 15 59 N 44 24 E display title region YE type city source GNS enwiki Category Populated places in Sana a Governorate Sana a geo stub ... more details
Football club infobox clubname ATM FA image Image ATM FA.gif fullname Angkatan Tentera Malaysia Football Association nickname The Gladiators founded ground Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya Stadium MBPJ Stadium , Petaling Jaya , Selangor capacity chairman Flagicon Malaysia Brigadier Jeneral Dato Pahlawan Abdul Nasser Ahmad manager Flagicon Malaysia B. Sathianathan coach Flagicon Malaysia B. Sathianathan league Malaysia Premier League season 2012 Malaysia Premier League 2012 position Malaysia Premier League pattern la1 pattern b1 pattern ra1 leftarm1 FFFF00 body1 FFFF00 rightarm1 FFFF00 shorts1 000000 socks1 000000 pattern la2 pattern b2 pattern ra2 leftarm2 FFFFFF body2 FFFFFF rightarm2 FFFFFF shorts2 FFFFFF socks2 FFFFFF The Angkatan Tentera Malaysia Football Association ATM FA enters a team in Malaysia n football soccer football competitions to represent the Angkatan Tentera Malaysia Military of Malaysia Malaysian Armed Forces . The team s home stadium is the Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya Stadium in Petaling Jaya , Selangor . The team currently plays in the second tier of Malaysian football, the Malaysia Premier League . The team is dubbed as Manchester City of Malaysia due to numerous signing of big name players and huge amount of budget allocated to this team. Honours class wikitable Align Left Title Align Left Winners Align Left Runners up VAlign Top Malaysia Cup HMS Malaya Cup VAlign Top VAlign Top 1949, 1966 2x VAlign Top Malaysia FAM Cup VAlign Top 1997 1x VAlign Top 2006 1x Players Current squad Fs start Fs player no 1 nat Malaysia name Mohamad Hafizuddin Azuhar pos GK Fs player no 2 nat Malaysia name K. Reuben pos MF Fs player no 3 nat Malaysia name Muhammad Aizuddin Ismail pos DF Fs player no 4 nat Malaysia name Suhhaimi Ishak pos DF Fs player no 5 nat Malaysia ... Team For the president s cup squads, see ATM FA President s Cup Team . 2012 President s Cup Squad Player ... ATM FA Category Football clubs in Malaysia ms ATM FA ... more details
selfref For Wikipedia s talk pages, see Wikipedia Talk page . wiktionary forum TOCright Forum plural forums , fora , or fori may refer to Forum Roman , open public space in the middle of a Roman city Roman Forum , most famous example Forum legal , designated space for public expression in the USA Internet forum , discussion board on the Internet Public forum debate , or Pofo, a type of debate. Companies FORA.tv , a website of debates, interviews and conferences Forum Cafeterias , cafeteria chain Forum Communications , publisher of The Forum of Fargo Moorhead newspaper Forum Corporation , corporate training company owned by Informa Forum Snowboarding , snowboard manufacturer Landmark Education , San Francisco based, offers the Landmark Forum as its introductory course Ape lagi mu menang own Liverpool Media redirect target Forum KQED , radio show on KQED FM hosted by Michael Krasny Forum Bangladesh , a Bangladeshi current affairs magazine The Forum BBC World Service , an international inderdisciplinary radio discussion show The Forum journal , an annual history publication by students at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo Forum Macedonian magazine Forum Macedonian magazine , a weekly political magazine in the Republic of Macedonia Penthouse Forum , an American pornographic magazine The Forum defunct magazine The Forum defunct magazine , an American magazine between 1886 and 1930 The Forum journal The Forum journal , an American history journal The Forum , an official magazine of Alcoholics Anonymous The Forum Newsweekly , a newspaper in Shreveport, Louisiana Shopping centres The Forum shopping mall in Bangalore, India Forum Kolkata in Kolkata, India Forum The Shopping Mall in Singapore Forum shopping centre in Helsinki, Finland The Forum Shops at Caesars in Las Vegas, Nevada Sport Mediolanum Forum , indoor arena Milan, Italy Montreal Forum , historic arena in Montreal, Quebec The Forum Inglewood also LA Forum , Los Angeles Forum , indoor arena in Los Angeles FedExForum , arena ... more details
The Forum of an ancient Roman city was the central meeting place of a city, around which stood the most important public buildings. The Roman Forum was considered the centre of the entire Roman Empire . The Forum may refer to the following modern buildings The Forum, the colloquial name of the Montreal Forum , an indoor arena located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada The Forum, the former name of the Molson Amphitheatre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Forum Dubai , a future highrise tower in Dubai, United Arab Emirates The Forum shopping mall , a shopping mall in Bangalore, India The Forum on Peachtree Parkway , a shopping mall in Peachtree Corners, Georgia The Forum, the colloquial name of the London Forum , a venue for concerts in Kentish Town, London, United Kingdom Informatics Forum , a research centre in Edinburgh, United Kingdom The Forum Inglewood, California , an indoor arena in Inglewood, California, a suburb of Los Angeles Tunbridge Wells Forum , a music venue in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England The Forum, Norwich , a community building in Norwich, England The Forum at East 74th Street , a residential building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City It may also refer to The Forum journal The Forum journal , an annual historical publication by students at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo The Forum of Fargo Moorhead , a daily newspaper that circulates in south east North Dakota and north western Minnesota, United States The Forum BBC World Service , a radio program The Forum defunct magazine The Forum defunct magazine , an American magazine between 1886 and 1930 The Forum , an official magazine of Alcoholics Anonymous The Forum, a name used by the organization Landmark Education Employers Forum on Disability , a membership organisation of UK business See also Forum disambiguation Disambig ... more details
Refimprove date March 2008 The use of Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM technology and services creates the need for an adaptation layer in order to support information transfer protocols, which are not based on ATM. This adaptation layer defines how to segment and reassemble higher layer packets into ATM cells, and how to handle various transmission aspects in the ATM layer. Examples of services that need adaptations are Gigabit Ethernet , Internet Protocol IP , Frame Relay , SONET SDH , UMTS Wireless, etc. The main services provided by AAL ATM Adaptation Layer are Segmentation and Reassembly Segmentation and reassembly Handling of transmission errors Handling of lost and misinserted cell conditions Timing and flow control The following ATM Adaptation Layer protocols AALs have been defined by the ITU T . ref name cisco atm It is meant that these AALs will meet a variety of needs. The classification is based on whether a timing relationship must be maintained between source and destination, whether the application requires a constant bit rate, and whether the transfer is connection oriented ... Variable Bit Rate VBR RT of connection oriented, synchronous traffic. Examples include Voice over ATM ... from different users on a single ATM connection. AAL Type 3 4 supports VBR, data traffic, connection ... ATM, Ethernet Over ATM, SMDS, and LAN Emulation LANE . AAL 5 is a widely used ATM adaptation layer .... References Reflist 1 refs ref name cisco atm Cisco Systems http www.cisco.com univercd cc td doc product atm c8540 12 1 pereg 1 atm tech techgd.pdf Guide to ATM Technology 2000 . Section Service dependent ATM Adaptation Layers . Accessed 2011 06 01. ref External links http www.atmforum.com ATMforum http www.itu.int International Telecommunication Union Category Network protocols Category ITU T recommendations de ATM Adaptation Layer es ATM Adaptation Layers ko ATM ja ATM pl ATM Adaptation Layers ru AAL ... more details
IMA I nverse M ultiplexing for Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a standardized technology used to transport ATM traffic over a bundle of T carrier T1 or E carrier E1 cables, also known as IMA Group . This allows for gradual increase in line capacity, where implementing a high capacity solution e.g. optical fiber is not deemed feasible. The maximum number of cables in an IMA Group is 32, bringing the total data rate to roughly 64 Mbit second. The standard specification was initially approved by The ATMForum in July 1997, and was later updated to version 1.1 in March 1999. ATM cell insertion happens in the round robin fashion and is transparent for the terminal equipment on the ends of the link. IMA inverse multiplexing functionality requires some overhead ICP or I MA C ontrol P rotocol cells, typically one ICP cell in every IMA frame commonly 128 cells in length and in CTC or C ommon T ransmit C lock mode, an ICP stuff cell must be inserted after every 2048 cells , and an IMA sublayer on the physical layer . See also The ATMForum IMA specification, version 1.1, http broadband forum.org ftp pub approved specs af phy 0086.001.pdf Inverse multiplexer Inverse Multiplexing http www.cisco.com en US tech tk39 tk356 technologies configuration example09186a0080174992.shtml Category Multiplexing telecomm stub de Inverse Multiplexing for ATM es Multiplexado inverso para ATM ... more details
technical atmtechspec.php Broadband ForumATMForum Technical Specifications http www.itu.int ...Cleanup date October 2009 Refimprove date October 2009 ATM Adaptation Layer 2 AAL2 is an ATM adaptation layer for Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM , used primarily in telecommunications for example, it is used ... intended to adapt voice for transmission over ATM. Like other ATM adaptation layer s, AAL2 defines segmentation and reassembly of higher layer packets into ATM cells, in this case packets of data ... with the mapping from upper layer services to ATM cells. These are named Service Specific Convergence Sub layer SSCS and Common Part Sub layer CPS . The AAL2 protocol improves on other ATM Adaptation Layer s, by packing lots of small packets efficiently into one standard sized ATM cell of 53 bytes ... ATM network infrastructure. The transport networks for ATM are well standardized Optical fiber fiber ... are in a sense trying to Reinventing the wheel reinvent the wheel la ATM. Citation needed date October 2009 AAL2 is one example of a useful benefit of ATM, as a general standard for Data link layer Layer 2 protocols. ATM AAL2 s efficient handling of small packets contrasts with Ethernet s minimum ... ericsson corpinfo publications review 2002 03 files 2002033.pdf format PDF ref AAL2 and the ATM ... that can cross ATM cells and can start from anywhere in the payload of the ATM cell, other than the start field STF . The STF is the first byte of the 48 byte ATM payload. The STF gives the byte index into the ATM cell where the first CPS packet in this cell begins. Byte 0 is the STF. The data from byte 1 ... STF 1 , would be the straddled remainder of the previous ATM cell s final CPS packet. If there is no remainder ... of the ATM cell is 6 bits offset field OSF 1 bit sequence number SN 1 bit parity P OSF .... If the ATM cell has fewer than 47 bytes, the remainder will be filled by padding. AAL2u One common ... stripping this layer away makes it easier to interwork between the ATM interface and the rest of the network ... more details
Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM is specified in RFC 2684. It defines two mechanisms for identifying the protocol carried in ATM Adaptation Layer 5 AAL5 frames. The AAL5 trailer does not include a type field. Thus, an AAL5 frame is not self identifying. This means that either the two hosts at the ends of a virtual circuit must agree a priori that the circuit will be used for one specific protocol computing protocol e.g., the circuit will only be used to send IP datagrams , or the two hosts at the ends of a virtual circuit must agree a priori that some octets of the data area will be reserved for use as a type field to distinguish packets containing one protocol s data from packets containing another protocol s data. RFC 2684 describes two encapsulation mechanisms for network traffic, one of which implements the former scheme and one of which implements the latter scheme. The former scheme, in which the hosts agree on the high level protocol for a given circuit, is referred to in RFC 2684 as Virtual Circuit Multiplexing VC Multiplexing VC MUX . It has the advantage of not requiring additional information in a packet, which minimises the overhead. For example, if the hosts agree to transfer IP, a sender can pass each datagram directly to AAL5 to transfer, nothing needs to be sent besides the datagram and the AAL5 trailer. The chief disadvantage of such a scheme lies in duplication of virtual circuits a host must create a separate virtual circuit for each high level protocol if more than one protocol is used. Because most carriers charge for each virtual circuit, customers try to avoid using multiple circuits because it adds unnecessary cost. The latter scheme, in which the hosts ... Access Protocol SNAP header if necessary. See also Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Point to Point Protocol over ATM PPPoA External links http www.atmforum.com ATMForum Category Internet standards de Multiprotocol over ATM ... more details
The Global ATM Alliance is a joint venture of several major international banks that allows customers of their banks to use their Automated teller machine ATM card or debit card at another bank within the Global ATM Alliance with no International ATM Access fees. However, other fees, such as an international ... LocatorAction.do Bank of America , will only honor ATM reciprocity for one country per bank, e.g. ... edineniya global atm alliance UkrSibbank joins Global ATM Alliance ref Bank Specific Rules & Information ... apply to Bank of America account holders using their ATM card or debit check card in a foreign country The 1 3 International Transaction Fee Foreign Currency Fee not waived under the Global ATM Alliance. ref name BofA InfoCenter Q27 The US 5 Non Bank of America International ATM Fee for transactions at non Bank of America ATMs in a foreign country also called the International ATM Access Fee waived under the Global ATM Alliance. ref name BofA InfoCenter Q25 Coverage Areas For Bank of America account holders br The Non Bank of America International ATM Fee is waived for account holders using their ATM card or debit check card at ATMs in the Global ATM Alliance within specified coverage areas .... Barclays France BNP Paribas Italy BNL D Italia ref name BofA Learning About Using ATM Cards Outside ... and New Zealand Westpac Bank In addition to the Global ATM Alliance banks in the coverage areas ... their ATM cards or debit check cards in China at China Construction Bank ATMs China Construction Bank ATMs in Hong Kong excluded and in Mexico at Banco Santander with no ATM Operator Fees or Non Bank of America International ATM Fees aka International ATM Access Fee . Otherwise, when using an ATM card or debit check card in a foreign country at a non Bank of America ATM outside of the Global ATM Alliance, China Construction Bank, or Banco Santander, Bank of America may charge its account holders a non Bank of America International ATM Fee aka International ATM Access Fee of US 5 ... more details
The ATM 96 is a plastic cased Austria n anti tank mine produced by Dynamit Nobel Wien. The mine had a dome shaped pressure plate, and an optional tilt rod fuze. Specifications Weight 250 mm approx Width 250 mm approx Height 150 mm approx References Jane s Mine and Mine Clearance 2005 2006 Category Anti tank mines Category Weapons of Austria tr ATM 96 may n weapon stub ... more details
multiple issues notability January 2012 orphan January 2012 refimprove January 2012 primarysources February 2012 Arabian Travel Market ATM is an annual event held in the Middle East aimed at the global travel industry. Almost 24,000 senior travel industry professionals were present 16,636 visitors, 7,348 exhibitors at ATM 2011 ref http www.arabiantravelmarket.com work Arabian Travel Market 2011 Post Show Analysis Report accessdate 30 January 2012 ref at the Dubai International Convention Centre Dubai International Convention Center . Citation needed date January 2012 http www.arabiantravelmarket.com en ATM 2012 is scheduled for 30 April 3 May at the Dubai International Convention Centre Dubai International Convention Center . Inaugurated in 1994 at Dubai World Trade Centre , ATM is today one of the premier events in Middle Eastern travel and tourism. Its platform provides a significant opportunity for professionals in the travel industry to negotiate business contracts. Citation needed date January 2012 Tourism destinations from the Middle East and around the world assemble at ATM to showcase a range of accommodation options, tourism attractions and potential new airline routes. Arabian Travel Market is administerd by events organiser Reed Exhibitions RE , which also organises a portfolio of other travel industry events including World Travel Market World Travel Market WTM References Reflist Category Trade shows in the United Arab Emirates ... more details
Advert date August 2010 Refimprove date August 2010 MITR is a Multi lateral ATM Network Sharing arrangement of 6 member Banks in India . It came into existence on 8 October 2003 with 5 member Banks. Presently, the MITR network is having six member Banks ref http www.pnbindia.in english web debitcard.htm Punjab National Bank ref Punjab National Bank PNB Oriental Bank of Commerce OBC Indian Bank Karur Vysya Bank IndusInd Bank UCO Bank PNB acts as Settlement Bank for MITR Network. State of art ATM transaction switching technology has been provided by Chennai based Financial Software Solutions P Ltd. References Reflist India Interbank networks interbank networks DEFAULTSORT Mitr Atm Sharing Network Category Interbank networks in India Category Banking in India asia bank stub india econ stub ... more details
refimprove date October 2011 tocright ATM usage fees are the fees that many banks and interbank network ... by the ATM owner the deployer or Independent sales organization and will be charged to the consumer ... surcharging on Australia s ATM networks was introduced. The Reserve Bank of Australia says this reform will result in benefits to competition and efficiency in the Australian ATM system. ref http www.rba.gov.au payments system reforms atm fee reforms.html RBA ATM FEE REFORMS ref Most banks, Commonwealth Bank CBA , Australia and New Zealand Banking Group ANZ and Westpac St.George levy a 2 ATM service ... in pubs and clubs. Bendigo Bank charges its customers 1.00 to use another bank s ATM. Bank of Queensland ... 2010 08 11 ref CBA, Suncorp and Westpac St.George do not charge any fee to use another bank s ATM. ING s Orange Everyday reinburses the ATM fee when a withdrawal of 200AUD or more or if a person gets ... operate their own nationwide ATM networks. These ATMs can be found in many locations such as the bank ... Banking agent A partnership with store owners, who then use a small wireless ATM much like a wireless ... indicated in the ATM itself. Use of an interbank network does generate fees. Cash withdrawal ... party ATM networks such as Banco24Horas that charge fees for use. However, some banks such as Citibank ... an ATM not provided by the bank that held their account historically 0.75 Canadian dollar CAD ... http www.cbc.ca consumers market files money atm index.html CBC Marketplace ATM Fees dead link date ... for any owner of a Finnish bank card or Visa Electron cards on ATM brand Otto. which is the largest ATM network in Finland. There are smaller rivals which have fees. Otto. ATMs accept also Visa, MasterCard ... banks charge fees for withdrawals at another bank s ATM. Usual fees are 4 5 EUR. All ATMs are connected to the national Girocard interbank network. The ATM owners do usually join one of the ATM groups ... ATM usage fees, although the Government imposes a 30 Euro annual stamp duty on the Bank Cards used ... more details
ATM Adaptation Layer 5 AAL5 is an ATM adaptation layer used to send variable length Packet information technology packet s up to 65,535 octet computing octet s in size across an Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM network. Unlike most network frames, which place control information in the Header information technology header , AAL5 places control information in an 8 octet Trailer information technology trailer at the end of the packet. The AAL5 trailer contains a 16 bit length Field computer science field , a 32 bit cyclic redundancy check CRC and two 8 bit fields labeled UU and CPI that are currently unused. Each AAL5 packet is divided into an integral number of ATM cells and reassembled into a packet before delivery to the receiving host network host . This process is known as Segmentation and Reassembly ... in the ATM header see below , and the trailer is always in the last 8 octets of that cell. Convergence, segmentation, and reassembly When an Application software application sends data over an ATM connection ..., divides the information into 48 octet pieces, and transfers each piece across the ATM network in a single ... them is known as ATM segmentation and reassembly SAR . By separating the functions of segmentation and reassembly from cell transport, AAL5 follows the layering principle. The ATM cell transfer ... because the sending AAL5 uses the low order bit of the PAYLOAD TYPE field of the ATM cell header to mark ..., the receiving AAL5 collects incoming cells until it finds one with an end of packet bit set. ATM ... AAL5 uses a single bit in the cell header for convergence, other ATM adaptation layer protocols ... packets containing another protocol s data. RFC 2684, Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM , describes ... datagrams across an ATM network, as specified in RFC 2225. Before data can be sent, a virtual ... cite web title ITU T Recommendation I.363.5 08 96 , B ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer specification ... accessdate 2007 12 09 Category Network protocols es ATM Adaptation Layer 5 fr ATM Adaptation Layer ... more details
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