Abdominal exercises are those that affect the Human abdomen Muscles of the abdominal wall abdominal muscles colloquially known as the stomach muscles or abs . Usage Abdominal exercises are useful for building the Abdomen Muscles abdominal muscles . This is useful for improving performance with certain sports, back pain, taking punches. Abdominal muscle exercises are known to increase the strength and endurance of the abdominal muscles as well Vispute et. al. . Vispute et. al. It has been a highly disputed topic whether or not abdominal exercises have any impact on the reduction of abdominal fat. The study by Vispute et. al. found that in fact doing abdominal exercise does not reduce abdominal fat. To reduce abdominal fat one must create a deficit in energy expenditure and caloric intake, doing abdominal exercises alone were not enough to reduce the girth of the abdomen Vispute et. al. Breakdowns Abdominal muscles have many important functions such as contributing to breathing, they are responsible ... of species Iscoe, 1998 The anterior abdominal wall is made up of 4 muscles the rectus abdominis muscle , the internal and external abdominal muscle obliques , and the transversus abdominis . The two ... oblique the basis for this differential sensitivity is unknown Iscoe, 1998 . Types of abdominal exercises and effectiveness The abdominal muscles can be worked out by practicing disciplines of general ... the effectiveness of abdominal exercise is in measuring the momentaneous activity by electromyography ... more in aerobic exercise than strength training . The following ranks abdominal exercises from highest ... url http www.abs exercise advice.com abdominal muscle anatomy.html title Abdominal Muscle Anatomy ... advice.com abdominal muscle anatomy.html archivedate 27 July 2010 DASHBot deadurl no ref The long arm ... deadurl no ref Gadgets Abdominal exercises can also be performed with the help of some machines and the captain ... equipment for abdominal strengthening are those that offer the least stability. Examples include ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 technical date February 2012 The abdominal exam , in medicine , is performed as part of a physical examination , or when a patient presents with abdominal pain or a history that suggests an abdominal pathology . The exam includes several parts Setting and preparation Inspection medicine Inspection for example, nondistended or ND Auscultation for example, Borborygmus BS normoactive or BS Percussion medicine Percussion Palpation for example, no hepatosplenomegaly or HSM , soft , nontender or NT Setting and preparation Position patient should be supine position supine and the bed or examination table should be flat. The patient s hands should remain at his her sides with his her head resting on a pillow. If the neck is flexed, the abdominal musculature becomes tensed ... to just below the breast s. Some surgeons would describe an abdominal examination being from nipples to knees. Physicians have had concern that giving patients pain medications during acute abdominal ... A, Vial M editor1 last Manterola editor1 first Carlos title Analgesia in patients with acute abdominal ... DL, Shojania KG title Do opiates affect the clinical evaluation of patients with acute abdominal pain ... signs of trauma bulging flanks best done from the foot of the bed jaundice scleral icterus abdominal ... by pressing a hand against the abdominal wall. There are 3 reactions that indicate pathology guarding muscles contract as pressure is applied rigidity rigid abdominal wall indicates peritoneal ... Castell s sign or alternatively Traube s space Other Digital rectal exam Abdominal examination is not complete ... fossa on palpation of the left side of the abdomen Carnett s sign pain when tensing the abdominal wall ... abdomen.htm Abdominal exam a practical guide to clinical medicine from the University of California, San Diego . http www.medicalvideos.us videos 162 Abdomen Examination Abdominal examination video http www.medicalvideos.us videos 127 Abdomen Examination Pediatric Abdominal examination video ... more details
Orphan date May 2011 Abdominal decompression is an obstetric procedure during which a Pressure Negative pressures negative pressure is applied intermittently to a pregnant woman s abdomen. ref name Hoffmeyr1998 cite doi 10.1002 14651858.CD001062 ref Efficacy A Cochrane review of found no benefits of abdominal decompression in healthy pregnant women with respect to high blood pressure in the mother nor the newborn baby s condition and subsequent intellectual development. ref name Hoffmeyr1998 It does, however, appear to have a beneficial effect in certain conditions, such as less fetal distress during labour and fewer low 1 minute Apgar score s for infants of women with pre eclampsia , essential hypertension or chronic nephritis . ref name Hofmeyr1996 The also appears to be a large improvement in birthweight and perinatal survival in women carrying babies that are small for their gestational age . ref name Hofmeyr1996 Overall, however, there is insufficient evidence for clinical use of abdominal decompression. ref name Hofmeyr1996 Technique Abdominal decompression consists of placing a rigid covered dome around the abdomen, with the inside being decompressed to 50 to 100 mmHg for 15 to 30 seconds out of each minute for 30 minutes, one to three times daily, or continuously during labour. ref name Hofmeyr1996 cite doi 10.1002 14651858.CD000004 ref References reflist Category Obstetrical procedures ... more details
. Although the development of abdominal hair normally begins during puberty, it may also start later, between the ages of 20 and 30. With some men, the abdominal hair will stay within a clearly defined ... as desirable, and in others it is seen as unattractive. Excessive abdominal hair on women, following the male pattern, is a type of hirsutism . Patterns Image abdominal hair patterns cmg.jpg thumb left Four typical patterns of male abdominal hair growth. Various studies of Caucasian race Caucasian subjects have documented four general patterns of pubic and abdominal hair including Horizontal Characterized ... author Setty LR title Varieties of the acuminate abdominal hair pattern of white males journal J Natl .... ref cite journal author Setty LR title Varieties of the quadrangular abdominal hair pattern of white ... sketches of different abdominal hair patterns and observed percentages of men exhibiting each pattern ... Abdomen af Maaghare de Bauchbehaarung es Vello abdominal nl Buikhaar pt Pelos abdominais ... more details
, celiac disease, severe peptic ulcer disease, bowel obstruction or after certain types of abdominal ... as fullness and there may not be actual abdominal distension. In some individuals with abdominal bloating, there may be an increasing abdominal girth either from fluid or air accumulation. ref ..., bloating and flatulence MedicineNet. 2010 01 27 ref Abdominal distension or distended abdomen ... fitness portal. http media.guardian.co.uk site story 0,14173,1601858,00.html Stomach bloating or abdominal ... ency article 003123.htm MedlinePlus NIH Abdominal bloating http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article ... Abdominal Distension Category Symptoms and signs Digestive system and abdomen fa ... more details
File Fat removal using cannula during tumescent liposuction.jpg thumb Fat removal using cannula Abdominal etching , or Ab etching , is a plastic surgery procedure invented by plastic surgeon Henry A. Mentz, III in the early 1990s that uses a special cannula to contour and shape abdominal fat pad to provide patients with a flatter stomach . The procedure selectively removes a small amount of fat around the patient s natural muscular contours and shapes or sculpts the abdomen to create a more athletic contour. ref http grande.nal.usda.gov ibids index.php?mode2 detail&origin ibids references&therow 549218 USDA Government Journal Reference ref Prior to the procedure, the surgeon makes detailed markings of the patient s flexed ab muscle s and uses the markings to remove fat and highlight the patient s individual muscular structure. The procedure is suitable for patients who are already in shape and who have between one to two centimeters of pinchable belly fat . It is not suitable for patients with larger accumulations of abdominal fat seeking to significantly reduce their belly size or accomplish weight reductions as the amount of fat removed is fairly small. A traditional liposuction is more suitable for those patients. ref Jacob Goldstein, http online.wsj.com article SB119431190803983349.html Six pack surgery From puffy to buff , Wall Street Journal , October 30, 2007 ref References div class references small reflist div External links http grande.nal.usda.gov ibids index.php?mode2 detail&origin ibids references&therow 549218 USDA Journal reference http www400.sos.louisiana.gov cgibin?rqstyp crpdtltsC&rqsdta 589485 Abdominal etching government trademark reference Category Plastic surgery Category Surgical procedures ... more details
322 lbs, height 177 cm 5 ft 10 in. The body mass index is 46. ICD10 E66 ICD9 ICD9 278 Abdominal obesity ... of Adipose tissue Abdominal fat abdominal fat resulting in an increase in waist size. There is a strong ... 17018 9 ref It is important to note that abdominal obesity is not confined only to the elderly and obese subjects. ref Carey D.G.P. 1998 . Abdominal Obesity. Current Opinion in Lipidology. pp. 35 40 . Vol. 9, No 1. Retrieved on April 9, 2012. ref Visceral and central abdominal fat showed a strong association .... ref http care.diabetesjournals.org content 27 12 2948.full ref Adipose tissue Abdominal fat Visceral fat , also known as organ fat or intra abdominal fat , is located inside the peritoneal cavity ... central abdominal fat. Quality protein uptake is defined as the ratio of essential amino acids ... related with abdominal fat journal Nutrition & Metabolism year 2012 month January volume 9 ... from http www.health.harvard.edu fhg updates abdominal obesity and your health.shtml ref Hypercortisolism ... insulin levels. The prevalence of abdominal obesity is increasing in western populations, due to a combination ... it is associated with the urbanization of populations. ref Despr s, J. May 2006 . Abdominal obesity ... last Carey first David G.P. title Abdominal obesity year 1998 month February pages 35 40 url http ... journal&rft.genre article&rft.atitle Abdominal obesity&rft.jtitle Current opinion in lipidology&rft ... of visceral fat and risk of obesity related disease. ref Abdominal obesity and your health. 2006 . Retrieved from http www.health.harvard.edu fhg updates abdominal obesity and your health.shtml ... pages 379 84 doi 10.1185 030079906X159489 title Abdominal obesity, waist circumference and cardiometabolic ... of intra abdominal fat having the most risk to one s personal health. The increased amount ... 1998 title Abdominal obesity the metabolic multi risk factor journal Journal of Coronary Heart Disease ... central obesity by measuring a person s body shape and their weight distribution.the effect of abdominal ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Thoracic aorta injury Image Need an image Caption Need a caption for the image when found ICD10 ICD10 S 25 0 s 20 ICD9 ICD9 441 , ICD9 901.0 MedlinePlus 001062 eMedicineSubj radio eMedicineTopic 44 MeshID I don t know, anyone? Injury of the thoracic aorta refers to any injury which affects the portion of the aorta which lies within the chest cavity . Injuries of the thoracic aorta are usually the result of physical trauma however, they can also be the result of a pathological process. The main causes of damage are acceleration deceleration and crush injuries. Classification There are inconsistencies in the terminology of aortic injury. There are several terms which are interchangeably used to describe injury to the aorta such as tear , laceration , transection , and rupture . Laceration is used as a term for the consequence of a tear, whereas a transection is a section across an Axis of rotation axis or Cross section geometry cross section . For all intents and purposes, the latter is used when a tear occurs across all or nearly all of the circumference of the aorta. Rupture is defined as a forcible disruption of tissue. Some disagree with the usage of rupture as they believe it implies that a tear is incompatible with life however, the term accurately gauges the severity of tears in the aorta. A rupture can be either complete or partial, and can be classified further by the position of the tear. ref name Overview cite journal author Creasy JD, Chiles C, Routh WD, Dyer RB title Overview of traumatic injury of the thoracic aorta journal Radiographics a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc volume 17 issue 1 pages 27 45 year ... accessdate 2008 10 27 ref Causes Injuries to the aorta are usually the result of trauma, such as deceleration ... is that the aorta can be compressed between bony structures such as the manubrium , clavicle , and first rib and the Vertebral column spine . In the ascending aorta the portion of the aorta which ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 The aorta gonad mesonephros is a region of embryo ... the ventral wall of the Dorsum biology dorsal aorta , is one of the primary origins of the definitive haematopoietic stem cell . The aorta gonad mesonephros AGM lies between the notochord and the somatic ... 19570846 pmc 2709067 doi 10.1242 dev.034728 ref The AGM region contains the dorsal aorta, genital ... circulation. Specialised endothelial cells on the dorsal aorta of the AGM region, identified as haemogenic ... the umbilicus to the anterior limb bud of the embryo. The aorta gonad mesonephros region contains the dorsal aorta, genital ridges and mesonephros. The AGM region plays an important role in embryonic ... blood cell lineage in the adult circulation. Specialised endothelial cells on the dorsal aorta of the aorta ..., the splanchnopleura, transforms into distinct structures consisting of the dorsal aorta, genital ... haematopoietic stem cells long term repopulating units HSC RUs role of the aorta gonad mesonephros ... development, the dorsal aorta produces hematopoietic stem cells, which will eventually colonise ... doi 10.1016 S0145 305X 98 00007 X ref By birth, the dorsal aorta becomes the descending aorta ..., beneath the notochord to form the dorsal aorta, and laterally the cardinal veins and nephric ... function of the aorta gonad mesonephros region is its role in definitive haematopoiesis. Definitive ... stem cells in the adult hematopoietic system. The aorta gonad mesonephros region has been shown ... site, the number of CFU S was much greater in the aorta gonad mesonephros region. LTR HSC activity was also found in the aorta gonad mesonephros region at a slightly earlier time than in the yolk sac ... cell activity, without influence from the yolk sac or liver. At 10 days post coitus d.p.c. the aorta ... case in human embryos, where they are first detected at day 27 in the aorta gonad mesonephros region .... Histology The dorsal aorta consists of an endothelial layer and an underlying stromal layer ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name PAGENAME Latin plexus aorticus abdominalis GraySubject 220 GrayPage 987 Image Gray848.png Caption The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the abdominal viscera radiating from the ganglia. Aortic plexus labeled at left. Image2 Caption2 Innervates BranchFrom celiac plexus , superior mesenteric plexus BranchTo superior hypogastric plexus MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 24 DorlandsSuf 12647524 The abdominal aortic plexus aortic plexus is formed by branches derived, on either side, from the celiac plexus and ganglia , and receives filaments from some of the lumbar ganglia . It is situated upon the sides and front of the aorta , between the origins of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. From this plexus arise part of the spermatic , the inferior mesenteric, and the hypogastric plexuses it also distributes filaments to the inferior vena cava . Additional images gallery Image Gray838.png The right sympathetic chain and its connections with the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic plexuses. Image Gray847.png Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses. Image Gray849.png Lower half of right sympathetic cord. gallery External links DartmouthHumanAnatomy figures chapter 32 32 6.HTM Gray s Autonomic Category Nerves Category Anatomy neuroanatomy stub ... more details
of the abdominalaorta exceeding the normal diameter by more than 50 percent, and is the most common form of aortic aneurysm . Approximately 90 percent of abdominal aortic aneurysms occur wikt infrarenal ... , acute aortic occlusion, and aortocaval between the aorta and inferior vena cava or aortoduodenal between the aorta and the duodenum fistulae . On physical examination, a palpable abdominal ... in the abdominalaorta compared to the thoracic aorta consequently, the tunica media must rely mostly ... to the bifurcation, and the wall of the abdominalaorta also contains a lesser proportion of elastin ... image of a normal abdominalaorta measuring 1.9 cm in diameter. Image RupturedAAAXray.png The faint ...Infobox disease Name Abdominal aortic aneurysm Image AneurysmAorta.jpg Caption Computed tomography CT reconstruction image of an abdominal aortic aneurysm DiseasesDB 792 ICD10 ICD10 I 71 3 i 70 , ICD10 ... 3443 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 emerg 27 eMedicine2 radio 1 MeshID D017544 Abdominal aortic ... one or both of the iliac arteries in the pelvis. Abdominal aortic aneurysms occur most commonly ... tissues or in the legs due to disturbed blood flow . The major complication of abdominal aortic aneurysms is rupture, which is life threatening, as large amounts of blood spill into the abdominal ..., Schaub TA title Abdominal aortic aneurysm journal Am Fam Physician volume 73 issue 7 pages 1198 204 ... evidence to support screening medicine screening in individuals with risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysms e.g., males 65 . Classification Abdominal aortic aneurysms are commonly divided according ... over 3 cm normal diameter of the aorta is around 2 cm . ref name ACC2005 If the outer diameter ... is a clinical diagnosis involving the presence of the triad of abdominal pain, shock and a pulsatile abdominal mass. If these conditions are present, indicating AAA rupture, no further clinical investigations .... The vast majority of aneurysms are asymptomatic. However, as abdominal aortic aneurysms expand ... more details
Infobox disease Name Abdominal compartment syndrome Image Alt Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 829008 MeshID GeneReviewsID GeneReviewsName Abdominal ... of abdominal compartment syndrome is not known, although some causes can be sepsis and severe abdominal trauma. Increasing pressure reduces blood flow to abdominal organs and impairs pulmonary , cardiovascular ... ref Cause Abdominal compartment syndrome ACS is the end result of untreated Intra abdominal hypertension IAH . Abdominal compartment syndrome may result from large volume intravenous fluid resuscitation ... or free fluid in the abdomen accumulates in such large volumes that the abdominal wall compliance threshold is crossed and the abdomen can no longer stretch. Once the abdominal wall can no longer ... organs to not work properly this is called intra abdominal hypertension and is defined as a pressure ... begin to fail, the syndrome has now progressed to the end stage highly fatal process termed abdominal ... individuals may tolerate an abdominal pressure of 20 mm Hg very well. The diagram provided here ... visit the Wikipedia section discussing intra abdominal hypertension. Peritoneal tissue edema secondary to diffuse peritonitis, abdominal trauma, Fluid therapy due to massive volume resuscitation ... to emergency abdominal operations Reperfusion injury following bowel ischemia due to any cause Retroperitoneal ... Intraabdominal masses of any etiology Abdominal packing for control of hemorrhage Closure of the abdomen ... 15 201 220 ref Abdominal compartment syndrome follows a destructive pathway similar to compartment ... can no longer be distended it starts to affect the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. When abdominal ... likely die. There is a high mortality rate associated with abdominal compartment syndrome. ref name ... noting that early intervention using medical management for intra abdominal hypertension can prevent abdominal compartment syndrome from occurring and can result in reduced costs of care. All of these papers ... more details
a few weeks later. More surgery may be required to repair the abdominal muscles at a later ... the function of the organs inside. See also Abdominal wall External links http www.usyd.edu.au anaes ... of musculoskeletal system developmental biology stub Congenital abdominal wall defects roa rup Abdominal defects fr Anomalies de fermeture de la paroi ant rieure ... more details
Muscle infobox Name Abdominal external oblique muscle Latin m. obliquus externus abdominis GraySubject 118 GrayPage 409 Image Illu trunk muscles.jpg Caption Muscles of the trunk. Image2 Gray392.png Caption2 The Obliquus externus abdominis. Width 300 Origin Ribs 5 12 Insertion Iliac crest , Pubic tubercle , Linea alba abdomen Linea alba Action Contralateral rotation of torso Blood Nerve intercostal nerve Thoracoabdominal nn. T7 11 and Subcostal nerve T12 DorlandsPre m 22 DorlandsSuf 12549865 The external oblique muscle of the abdomen also external abdominal oblique muscle is the largest and the most superficial outermost of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen. Structure The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen . It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans especially females , the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous adipose fat deposits and the small size of the muscle. It arises from eight fleshy digitations, each from the external surfaces and inferior borders of the fifth to twelfth ribs. These digitations are arranged in an oblique line which runs inferiorly and anteriorly, with the upper digitations being ... and compress the abdominal cavity, which increases the intra abdominal pressure as in a valsalva .... Posterior part of abdominal external oblique muscle labeled. Image Gray388.png Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show the disposition of the lumbodorsal fascia. Image ... External abdominal oblique muscle.jpg External abdominal oblique muscle File External abdominal oblique muscle aponeurotic part.jpg External abdominal oblique muscle aponeurotic part File External abdominal oblique muscle 2.jpg External abdominal oblique muscle File External oblique muscle.jpg External abdominal oblique muscle gallery See also Layers of the abdominal wall Abdominal exercise External ... more details
Chronic functional abdominal pain CFAP is the ongoing presence of abdominal pain for which there is no known medical explanation. It is quite similar to, but less common than, irritable bowel syndrome IBS , and many of the same treatments for IBS can also be of benefit to those with CFAP. The fundamental difference between IBS and CFAP is that in CFAP, unlike in IBS, there is no change in bowel habits such as constipation or diarrhea . Bowel dysfunction is a necessary diagnostic criterion of IBS. CFAP is characterized by chronic pain , with no physical explanation or findings no structural, infectious, or mechanical causes can be found . It is theorized that CFAP is a disorder of the nervous system where normal nociception nociceptive nerve impulses are amplified like a stereo system turned up too loud resulting in pain . Alternately it is hypothesized that there exists in the intestine a protozoan namely blastocystis which is interacting with the sympathetic nervous system and causing the pain. Newer semi synthetic antibiotics such as rifaximin have been used in treatment. This visceral hypersensitivity may be a stand alone cause of CFAP, or CFAP may result from the same type of brain gut nervous system disorder that underlies IBS. As with IBS, low doses of antidepressants have been found useful in controlling the pain of CFAP Citation needed date March 2008 . Non pharmaceutical approaches to CFAP also overlap with treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. This includes enteric coated peppermint oil capsules, which act as anti spasmodics to relax the gut and also have pain killing properties due to the methyl salicylate that naturally occurs in peppermint Citation needed date ... system of CFAP, and help alleviate abdominal pain Citation needed date August 2008 . External links http gut.bmj.com cgi reprint 45 suppl 2 II43.pdf Functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain Article on diagnosis http www.aboutibs.org Publications CFAP.html Chronic Functional Abdominal ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name Thoraco abdominal nerves Latin GraySubject 211 GrayPage 945 Image Gray819.png Caption Diagram of the course and branches of a typical intercostal nerve. Image2 Gray821.png Caption2 Intercostal nerves, the superficial muscles having been removed. Innervates Rectus abdominis muscle BranchFrom BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The anterior divisions of the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh thoracic intercostal nerves are continued anteriorly from the intercostal spaces into the abdominal wall hence they are named thoraco abdominal nerves or thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves . They have the same arrangement as the upper ones as far as the anterior ends of the intercostal spaces, where they pass behind the costal cartilages, and between the Obliquus internus and Transversus abdominis , to the sheath of the Rectus abdominis , which they perforate. They supply the Rectus abdominis and end as the anterior cutaneous branches of the abdomen they supply the skin of the front of the abdomen. The lower intercostal nerves supply the Intercostales and abdominal muscles the last three send branches to the Serratus posterior inferior . About the middle of their course they give off lateral cutaneous branches. These pierce the Intercostales externi and the Obliquus externus abdominis , in the same line as the lateral cutaneous branches of the upper thoracic nerves, and divide into anterior and posterior branches, which are distributed to the skin of the abdomen and back the anterior branches supply the digitations of the Obliquus externus abdominis, and extend downward and forward nearly as far as the margin of the Rectus abdominis the posterior branches pass backward to supply the skin over the Latissimus dorsi . External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 35 04 01 00 Anterior Abdominal Wall Thoracoabdominal Nerves SUNYAnatomyImage 7 1 03 SUNYAnatomyImage 7 2 18 SUNYAnatomyImage 7 5 58 anterior cutaneous branch SUNYAnatomyImage 7 2 67 SUNYAnatomyImage ... more details
Infobox Muscle Name Abdominal internal oblique muscle Latin Obliquus internus abdominis GraySubject 118 GrayPage 412 Image Illu trunk muscles.jpg Caption Muscles of the trunk. Image2 Gray395.png Caption2 The Obliquus internus abdominis. Origin Inguinal ligament , Iliac crest and the Lumbodorsal fascia . Insertion Linea alba abdomen Linea alba , Pectineal line pubis Pecten Pubis via Conjoint tendon and ribs 10 12. Blood subcostal arteries . Nerve Intercostal nerves Thoracoabdominal nn. T6 T11 , Subcostal nerve Subcostal n. T12 , Iliohypogastric nerve Iliohypogastric n. L1 and Ilioinguinal nerve Ilioinguinal n. L1 Action Compresses abdomen unilateral contraction rotates vertebral column to same side. The internal oblique muscle of the abdomen is the intermediate muscle of the abdomen, lying just underneath the external oblique and just above superficial to the transverse abdominal muscle . Structure Its fibers run perpendicular to the external oblique muscle , beginning in the thoracolumbar fascia of the lower back, the anterior 2 3 of the iliac crest upper part of hip bone and the lateral half of the inguinal ligament . The muscle fibers run from these point superiomedially up and towards midline to the muscle s insertions on the inferior borders of the 10th through 12th ribs and the Linea alba abdomen linea alba abdominal midline seam . In males, the cremaster muscle is also attached to the internal oblique. Innervation The internal oblique is innervated by the lower intercostal ..., the internal obliques are referred to as same side rotators. See also Layers of the abdominal wall Abdominal exercise References Moore, Keith L & Dalley Arthur R 2006 . Clinically Oriented Anatomy 5th ... abdominal.html Additional images gallery File Internal abdominal oblique muscle 2.jpg Internal abdominal muscle Image Gray388.png Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show ... 35 07 05 Incision and reflection of the internal abdominal oblique muscle. SUNYAnatomyImage ... more details
Image SupineAbdominalHt.jpg thumb right 250px SAH measure using supine abdominal height Sagittal Abdominal Diameter SAD is a measure of Visceral fat visceral obesity , the amount of fat in the gut region. SAD is the distance from the small of the back to the upper abdomen at the point midway between the top of the pelvis and the bottom of the ribs, measured while standing. SAD is a strong predictor of coronary disease , with higher values indicating increased risk independent of body mass index BMI . ref name pmid17041127 cite journal first1 Carlos last1 Iribarren first2 Jeanne A. last2 Darbinian first3 Joan C. last3 Lo first4 Bruce H. last4 Fireman first5 Alan S. last5 Go year 2006 title Value of the Sagittal Abdominal Diameter in Coronary Heart Disease Risk Assessment Cohort Study in a Large, Multiethnic Population journal American Journal of Epidemiology volume 164 issue 12 pages 1150 9 doi 10.1093 aje kwj341 pmid 17041127 ref For persons of normal BMI, SAD should be under convert 25 cm in . The amount this measure exceeds convert 30 cm in correlates to increased Cardiovascular disease cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance . ref cite journal first1 Helena last1 Petersson first2 Achraf last2 Daryani first3 Ulf last3 Ris rus year 2007 title Sagittal abdominal diameter as a marker of inflammation and insulin resistance among immigrant women from the Middle East and native Swedish women a cross sectional study journal Cardiovascular Diabetology volume 6 pages 10 pmid 17391519 pmc 1847804 doi 10.1186 1475 2840 6 10 ref SAD measure of men in their 40s, greater than 25 cm, also predicts significantly higher risk of Alzheimer s disease 30 years later. ref cite journal pages 1057 64 doi 10.1212 01.wnl.0000306313.89165.ef title Central obesity and increased risk of dementia ... is Supine Abdominal Height SAH , the abdominal height as measured in the supine position . ref cite journal pages 2041 6 doi 10.2337 diacare.27.8.2041 title Sagittal Abdominal Diameter Is a Strong Anthropometric ... more details
orphan date September 2010 Unreferenced date May 2011 The Brazilian Abdominal and Cervical Acupuncture also known as Brazilian Acupuncture , created by Jorge Ayoub during 15 years of research, is a new technique that has been used nowadays by thousands of therapists around South America and Europe , and a little yet in United States USA and Asia . This system is very useful and safe, acupuncturist s can achieve rapid results without pain, the patient always feels very relaxed and his eyes bright a lot because of the great circulation of Qi Chi that this new technique creates. This system is also called AMAN Ayoub Microsystem of Abdomen and Neck. On the abdomen we find the 2 principles yin yang , 3 treasures, 4 seas, 5 elements, 6 connections up down, 7 feeling aggression areas, 8 trigrams and 8 odd meridians, 9 Numerology numerological sections, 10 dimensions of Kabala on the abdomen , several forms of 12 meridians, scheme to shelter the body, I Ching on abdomen, western and oriental zodiac signs, tonification and sedation using 5 elements on abdomen, pulse diagnosis on abdomen, etc. There are 62 abdominal maps and 7 neck maps, because this abdominal system is completed by neck or cervical system, that s why this technique is also called BRAZILIAN ACUPUNCTURE, or BRAZILIAN ABDOMINAL AND CERVICAL ACUPUNCTURE . This region of the low belly is considered in macrobiotics the root of the man, due to the relation between the intestine s and the root of a tree, therefore, if one plant suffers damages in any part, continues alive if its root is still unbroken, but if the root is injured, even if the plant s appearance seems to be perfect, in fact it is threatened. If this region of the root of the man becomes to be weak, all the body becomes weak too, therefore, one who has a good balance and energy in the low belly hardly gets ill and if so, recovers soon. There are many lines ... by the abdominal diagnostic massage that diagnose and treat at the same time, and through the 62 ... more details
Centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy also known as Centrifugal lipodystrophy, ref name Bolognia Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantalis ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref is a skin condition characterized by areas of subcutaneous tissues subcutaneous fat loss that slowly enlarge. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 496 7 See also Lipodystrophy List of cutaneous conditions Skin lesion References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Disorders of subcutaneous fat Category Conditions of the subcutaneous fat ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin rami oesophageales partis thoracicae aortae GraySubject 153 GrayPage 600 Image Caption Image2 Caption2 BranchFrom descending aorta BranchTo Vein esophageal veins Supplies esophagus MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12691278 The esophageal arteries four or five in number, arise from the front of the aorta , and pass obliquely downward to the esophagus , forming a chain of anastomoses along that tube, anastomosing with the esophageal branches of the inferior thyroid arteries above, and with ascending branches from the left inferior phrenic arteries inferior phrenic and left gastric arteries below. These arteries supply the middle third of the esophagus. External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 21 06 00 Branches of the ascending aorta , arch of the aorta , and the descending aorta . eMedicineDictionary esophageal arteries Gray s circulatory stub Arteries of chest Category Arteries of the thorax es Arterias esof gicas pl Ga prze ykowa aorty ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin rami mediastinales partis thoracicae aortae GraySubject 153 GrayPage 600 Image Caption Image2 Caption2 BranchFrom thoracic aorta BranchTo Vein Supplies posterior mediastinum MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12690827 The mediastinal branches are numerous small vessels which supply the lymph glands and loose areolar tissue in the posterior mediastinum . Gray s circulatory stub Arteries of chest Category Arteries of the thorax ... more details
Abdominal Musculature Absent with Microphthalmia and Joint Laxity is a rare human disorder characterized mainly by Ligamentous laxity , small Human eyes eyes a lack of abdominal muscles and facial anomalies. References reflist http www.wrongdiagnosis.com a absent abdominal musculature with microphthalmia and joint laxity intro.htm Wrong Diagnosis.com Category Musculoskeletal disorders disease stub roa rup Abdominal musculature absent microphthalmia joint laxity ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm EVAR is a minimally invasive technique using radiologically guided insertion of stentgraft to bypass the abdominal aortic aneurysm . ref name EVAR1 cite journal title Endovascular aneurysm repair versus open repair in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm EVAR trial 1 randomised controlled trial journal Lancet volume 365 issue 9478 pages 2179 86 year 2005 pmid 15978925 doi 10.1016 S0140 6736 05 66627 5 last1 Evar Trial first1 Participants ref Key trials EVAR I 1082 patients aged 60 years or older with abdominal aortic aneurysms 5.5 cm in diameter. Endovascular aneurysm repair EVAR was compared with open surgical repair. Comparison included cost, mortality, complications, durability, and health related quality of life. At the end of 1 year, there were no differences in health related quality of life. At the 4 year follow up, the two groups had similar rates of all cause mortality. EVAR group had a persistent significant but moderate reduction in aneurysm related deaths. In the EVAR group 41 experienced postoperative complications compared with 9 in open repair group . The authors concluded that EVAR is more expensive, has more complications and reintervention rate, but offers a 3 better aneurysm related survival. ref name EVAR1 References reflist Category Vascular surgery ... more details
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