Accesspoint or AccessPoint may refer to AccessPoint Antarctica , a rocky point on Anvers Island, Antarctica Wireless accesspoint , a device to connect to a wireless computer network Subject accesspoint , a method in a bibliographic database by which books, journals, and other documents are accessed See also intitle Accesspoint disambig ... more details
A rogue accesspoint is a wireless accesspoint that has either been installed on a secure company network ... point is in the managed accesspoint list whether or not it is connected to the secure ... called as BSSID of the accesspoint against the managed accesspoint BSSID list. However, automated ... different types of accesspoint devices such as bridging, NAT router , unencrypted wireless links ... of access points, and soft access points, b necessity to determine accesspoint connectivity with acceptable ... system detects an accesspoint not actually connected to the secure network as wired rogue. Frequent ... of blocking friendly neighborhood accesspoint. False negative occurs when the wireless intrusion prevention system fails to detect an accesspoint actually connected to the secure network as wired rogue. False negatives result in security holes. If an unauthorized accesspoint is found connected to the secure network, it is the rogue accesspoint of the first kind also called as wired rogue . On the other hand, if the unauthorized accesspoint is found not connected to the secure network ... clients , it is tagged as rogue accesspoint of the second kind, which is often called an Evil twin wireless networks evil twin . Soft Rogue AccessPoint A soft AccessPoint soft AP is set up on a Wi ... that will connect to the soft AP. If any employee sets up a soft AccessPoint on his machine inside ... accesspoint detection dmoz Computers Data Communications Wireless Security Wireless security Category ... accesspoint ... Rogue Access Points url http www.wi fiplanet.com tutorials article.php 1564431 publisher wi fiplanet.com ... attack . Rogue access points of the first kind can pose a security threat to large organizations with many employees, because anyone with access to the premises can install maliciously or non maliciously an inexpensive wireless router that can potentially allow access to a secure network to unauthorized ... more details
A Service AccessPoint SAP is an identifying label for network endpoints used in Open Systems Interconnection OSI networking. When using the OSI Network Layer CONS or CLNS , the base for constructing an address for a network element is an NSAP address , similar in concept to an IP address . OSI Application Layer protocols as well as Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM can use Transport TSAP , Session SSAP or Presentation PSAP Service Access Points to specify a destination address for a connection. These SAPs consist of NSAP addresses combined with optional transport, session and presentation selectors, which can differentiate at any of the three layers between multiple services at that layer provided by a network element. The SAP is a conceptual location at which one OSI layer can request the services of another OSI layer. As an example, PD SAP or PLME SAP in IEEE 802.15.4 can be mentioned, where the Media Access Control MAC layer requests certain services from the Physical Layer . Service access points are also used in IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control in Ethernet and similar Data Link Layer protocols. The TSAP is an expansion of the NSAP. Compu network stub Category OSI protocols de Service AccessPoint fr Service AccessPoint it Service AccessPoint ... more details
Infobox Station name South Bend Union Station Global AccessPoint type image Inside Suite.jpg image size 300 image caption Interior of Union Station in 2009 address South Bend, Indiana coordinates line other map locator Lat 41 40 9.59 N Lon 86 15 17.10 W Global AccessPoint as an entity began in 2003 as a vision of the future. Because Union Station South Bend, Indiana is located at the junction of three railsystems, telecom carriers began running lines through the facility in the late 1980s. ref name Tracks Global AccessPoint. 2007 . Connectivity , http www.global access.us connectivity ref These carriers now total 13, including many big names such as Cogent and Reliance Globalcom . As the Union Station sat empty after it was no longer in service as a train station, the owner used part of the facility for a family manufacturing business but saw a need to renovate the main areas. Over time the facility was rented out for formal events but eventually the need and opportunity presented itself to build out the facility into a state of the art data storage facility built to bring South Bend, Indiana into the 21st Century, attracting new commerce for the local economy. ref name About Global AccessPoint. 2007 . About Us , http www.global access.us about ref References references Category Internet access Category Telecommunications Category South Bend, Indiana computing stub telecommunications stub ... more details
context date November 2011 ref improve date November 2011 AccessPoint Name APN is a configurable network identifier used by a mobile device when connecting to a GSM carrier. The carrier will then examine this identifier to determine what type of network connection should be created, for example what IP address es should be assigned to the wireless device, what security methods should be used, and how or if, it should be connected to some private customer network. ref cite web url http ftp1.digi.com support documentation appguide connectcellular ipconsiderations.pdf title GSM cellular networks use an APN AccessPoint Name to determine how a mobile station, in this case a Digi Connect WAN or RG format PDF date accessdate 2011 04 05 ref More specifically, the AccessPoint Name APN identifies an IP Packet Data Network PDN , that a mobile data user wants to communicate with. In addition to identifying a PDN, an APN may also be used to define the type of service, e.g. connection to wireless application protocol WAP server, multimedia messaging service MMS , that is provided by the PDN. APN is used in 3GPP data access networks, e.g. general packet radio service GPRS , System Architecture Evolution evolved packet core EPC . Structure of an APN File apn structure2.png thumb alt APN structure logo AccessPoint Node structure An structured APN consists of two parts ref http www.3gpp.org ftp Specs html info 23003.htm 3GPP TS 23.003 Numbering, addressing and identification. ref as shown in the accompanying figure. Network Identifier Defines the external network to which the GPRS Core Network GPRS support nodes GSN Gateway GPRS Support Node GGSN is connected. Optionally, it may also include ... de AccessPoint Name es Nombre de punto de acceso fr AccessPoint Name ko APN it AccessPoint Name ltg Eisynuojumi ja APN pl AccessPoint Name ro Nume punct de acces ru APN sv Accesspoint name ... http svn.gnome.org viewvc libmbca tags Access Library Category Mobile telecommunications ... more details
PAPI Point of Access for Providers of Information is a system for providing access control to restricted information resources across the Internet. It intends to keep authentication as an issue local to the organization the user belongs to, while leaving the information providers full control over the resources they offer. The authentication mechanisms are designed to be as flexible as possible, allowing each organization to use its own authentication schema, keeping user privacy, and offering information providers data enough for statistics. Moreover, access control mechanisms are transparent to the user and compatible with the most commonly employed Web browsers and any operating system. The system consists of two independent elements the authentication server AS and the point of access PoA ... Server AS The purpose of the AS is to provide users with a single authentication point and make available to them in a completely transparent manner all the temporary keys that will let them access the services they are authorized to. Point of Access PoA The PoA manages actual access control ... servers have the responsibility of managing this point of access. A PAPI PoA can be adapted to any ... by a group wide PoA a GPoA , where initial access attempts are to be validated. This way, only ... compatible with any other access control system in use, since it does not impose any constraints on additional procedures used for these purposes. In other words, PAPI access control is completely orthogonal to procedures such as password protection, IP filters, TLS based access control, etc. The central ... authenticated, the user is automatically pointed to the entry point of the PoA. It is important ... access to the user or not. It is important to note that when we refer to a PoA trusting an AS, we are not talking about a PoA permitting any access request coming from that AS, but about the PoA trusting ..., according to the assertion and its policy, to grant access or not. Authorization is, again, a local ... more details
IEEE 802.11F or Inter AccessPoint Protocol is a recommendation that describes an optional extension to IEEE 802.11 that provides wireless accesspoint communications among multivendor systems. ref http standards.ieee.org getieee802 download 802.11F 2003.pdf The 802.11F 2003 Recommendation ref 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a , 802.11b , 802.11g and 802.11n versions to provide wireless connectivity in the home, office and some commercial establishments. The IEEE 802.11 standard doesn t specify the communications between access points in order to support users roaming from one accesspoint to another and Load balancing computing load balancing . The 802.11 WG purposely didn t define this element in order to provide flexibility in working with different wired and wireless distribution system s i.e., wired backbones that interconnect access points . Protocol operation The protocol is designed for the enforcement of unique association throughout an Extended Service Set and for secure exchange of station s security context between the current wireless accesspointAccessPoint AP and the new AP during the handoff period. Based on security level, communication session keys between Access Points are distributed by a RADIUS server. The RADIUS server also provides a mapping service between AP s MAC address and IP address . Status The 802.11F Recommendation has been ratified and published in 2003. IEEE 802.11F was a Trial Use Recommended Practice. The IEEE 802 Executive Committee approved its withdrawal on February 3, 2006. ref http grouper.ieee.org groups 802 11 Reports 802.11 Timelines.htm 802.11 Timelines ref See also IEEE 802.11k Radio Resource Management IEEE 802.11r Fast roaming External references http grouper.ieee.org groups 802 11 Reports tgf update.htm Status of the project ... Category IEEE 802.11 de IEEE 802.11f pl IEEE 802.11f uk Inter AccessPoint Protocol ... more details
Infobox Internet exchange point name Manchester Internet AccessPoint image image width full name abbreviation MaNAP founded 1997 location Manchester , United Kingdom members 74 ref name MEMBERS cite web title Membership list url http www.edge ix.net membership list accessdate 2012 03 20 ref ports peers website http www.manap.net www.lonap.net peak peak in peak out daily daily in daily out Manchester Network AccessPoint is the Manchester based internet exchange point IXP . The accesspoint provides an exchange point for internet service providers and businesses in northern England and the Midlands and is the only accesspoint outside London . MaNAP is a membership owned organisation, established in 1997 to enable internet companies in the North and Midlands to interconnect without the massive cost of running circuits to London and back. ref Cite news title Digital MIDAS url http www.investinmanchester.com market intelligence infrastructure digital work MIDAS accessdate 2012 03 20 ref It is one of Europe s most mature internet exchanges and allows Internet Service Providers, telecoms companies, carriers, content and web hosting providers to make financial savings by directly connecting to each other. The exchange currently has 74 members which include BT, Telewest Broadband, NTL Group and Kingston Communications. History In June 1997 Manchester Network AccessPoint Ltd MaNAP was formed as a not for profit regional Internet exchange. In April 2005, MaNAP was taken over by NWIX Group Ltd and the network was expanded to better serve the North West region. MaNAP remained on a not for profit basis. Connection to the network totals over 2000 kilometres of fibre, and expansion has taken place, including a fixed telecoms line to the United States which surfaces at Southport. ref Cite news title Infrastructure High speed networks help businesses make connections url http www.ft.com ... Category Network access Category Telecommunications in the United Kingdom Category Internet in the United ... more details
networking , a wireless accesspoint WAP is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired ... WAP54G 802.11g Wireless AccessPoint Image RouterBoard 112 with U.FL RSMA pigtail and R52 miniPCI Wi ... network access to all of the network enabled devices in the building. With the creation of the Wireless AccessPoint, network users are now able to add devices that access the network with few ... CSMA CA instead. Wireless accesspoint vs. ad hoc network Some people confuse Wireless Access Points ... two or more devices without using a wireless accesspoint the devices communicate directly when in range ... because setup is easy and does not require an accesspoint. Due to its peer to peer layout, Ad Hoc ... point.JPG thumb Industrial Wireless AccessPoint Industrial grade WAPs are rugged, with a metal cover ... AccessPoint Protocol used to manage a large set of WAPs WarXing searching for open networks Femtocell ... IEEE 802.11 Accesspoint Category Network access Category Telecommunications infrastructure Category Wireless networking hardware Accesspoint Category Wireless access points ar bn bs WiFi pristupna ta ka ca Punt d acc s cs Accesspoint da Tr dl s basisstation de Wireless AccessPoint et P supunkt el es Punto de acceso inal mbrico ... point he mk ml nl Wi Fi AccessPoint ja LAN pl Punkt dost pu pt Accesspoint ru sk Bezdr tov pr stupov bod sr tr AccessPoint uk zh ... attaching several WAPs to a wired network and then providing wireless access to the office Local Area Network LAN . The wireless access points are managed by a Wireless LAN controller WLAN Controller ... can be part of a mobility domain to allow clients access throughout large or regional office ... of coffeehouses, libraries, as well as privately owned open access points, allow clients to stay ... more details
Lightweight AccessPoint Protocol or LWAPP is the name of a protocol that can control multiple Wi Fi wireless accesspoint s at once. This can reduce the amount of time spent on configuring, monitoring or troubleshooting a large network. The system will also allow network administrators to closely analyze the network. This system is installed in a central server that gathers data from RF devices from different brands and settings. The server can command a selected group of devices to apply given settings simultaneously. Standardization LWAPP was proposed by Airespace , as a standard protocol to provide interoperability among any brand of accesspoint. Airespace was purchased by Cisco Systems. Its purpose was to standardize lightweight access points with the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF , but it was approved as a standard. Sponsored by Cisco Systems, the IETF approved it in RFC 5412. Although this protocol has so far not been popular beyond the Airespace Cisco product lines, the CAPWAP standard is based on LWAPP. Support for LWAPP is also found in analysis products from AirMagnet , who has recently implemented a software based on this protocol to analyze Cisco wireless products. ref http www.wi fiplanet.com news article.php 3660906 Wi fiPlanet.com AirMagnet Analyzes Cisco ref Still considered proprietary, LWAPP systems compete with other non standard lightweight wireless mechanisms from companies like Meru Networks and Aruba Networks. LWAPP Layer 2 Layer 2 LWAPP only requires a data link connection in order to transfer frames and layer 2 broadcasts. Even if IP connectivity ... tools.ietf.org html rfc5412 Lightweight AccessPoint Protocol IETF Standard http tools.ietf.org html rfc5415 Control And Provisioning of Wireless Access Points CAPWAP Protocol Specification DEFAULTSORT ... 43 can be used to prime the access points of the network. The controller must be on the same subnet ... CAPWAP Control and provisioning of wireless access points CAPWAP protocol specification References references ... more details
The Japan Network AccessPoint JPNAP is an Internet Exchange Point situated in Tokyo and Osaka , Japan . JPNAP was established on 2001 and operated by Internet Multifeed Co. JPNAP is List of Internet Exchange Points by size one of the largest Internet Exchanges in the world , by traffic. JPNAP provides 10 Gate equivalent GE , GbE, FE interfaces and also provides Link aggregation . The Tokyo and Osaka sites are approximately 500km apart, but they are not connected. JPNAP network is already IPv4 IPv6 v6 Dual stack ed. However, they also provide IPv6 only service through their Internet Exchange Point called JPNAP6. Technology JPNAP has two distinguishing features the first is Automatically switched optical patch panel and the other is PeerWatcher . When the automatically switched optical patch panel finds a failure in the Internet Exchange Point IX switch, it switches patch cable to the other IX switch automatically. Even if the patch panel has power problems, there s no effect on the communication, except for the detection of IX switch status. PeerWatcher shows a graph of the traffic between the two BGP routers faced on JPNAP network using sFlow . See also List of Internet Exchange Points by size http www.jpnap.net english index.html JPNAP web Category Communications in Japan Category Internet in Japan Category Internet exchange points ja JPNAP ... more details
Image NewNSFNETArchitecture.jpg thumb right New network architecture, c. 1995 A Network AccessPoint NAP was a public network exchange facility where Internet Service Providers ISPs connected with one another in peering arrangements. The NAPs were a key component in the transition from the NSFNET era when many networks were government sponsored and commercial traffic was prohibited to the commercial Internet providers of today. They were often points of considerable Internet congestion. History The four Network Access Points NAPs were defined under the U.S. National Information Infrastructure NII document as transitional data communications facilities at which Network Service Providers NSPs would exchange traffic, in replacement of the publicly financed NSFNET Internet backbone. ref http w2.eff.org Infrastructure Govt docs nsf nren.rfp NSF Solicitation 93 52 Network AccessPoint Manager, Routing Arbiter, Regional Network Providers, and Very High Speed Backbone Network Services Provider for NSFNET and the NREN SM Program, May 6, 1993 ref The National Science Foundation let contracts supporting the four NAPs, one to MFS Datanet for the preexisting MAE East MAE in Washington, D.C., and three others to Sprint Nextel Sprint , Ameritech , and Pacific Bell , for new facilities of various designs and technologies, in New York actually Pennsauken, New Jersey , Chicago, and California, respectively ... other independent of third parties or at neutral exchange points. Today, the phrase Network AccessPoint ... Access Points from Steve Wolff NSF to the com priv list , sent 13 51 EST 2 March 1994 ref As a transitional ... Point s we know today. This was particularly timely, coming hard on the heels of the ANS CO RE controversy ... those who conflate the NAPs with Internet Exchange Point IXPs . See also Commercial Internet eXchange CIX Federal Internet Exchange FIX Internet exchange point IXP VBNS very high speed Backbone Network ... of the NSFNET article References Reflist Category Internet architecture Category Network access ... more details
The Hamara Youth AccessPoint Hyap is a drop in centre for teenager teens in Leeds , West Yorkshire , England , operated by the Hamara Healthy Living Centre , an Islam ic charity partly funded by the UK government. The drop in centre was frequented by several of the suspects in the 7 July 2005 London bombings , and is believed to have been where some were recruited into the Terrorism terrorist cell. Both Shehzad Tanweer , 22, and Hasib Hussain , 19, who have been identified as probable suicide bombing suicide bombers , frequented the Hyap, according to police, as did Naveed Fiaz , another man with connections to the suspects. Fiaz has been arrested and is being questioned, but it is not known what his role was his brother, Ejaz Fiaz , was initially thought to have been one of the four bombers, but has disappeared. The Leeds teacher Mohammed Sadique Khan , 30, also identified by police as a suicide bomber, acted as a mentor to youths at the centre. The centre is directly across the street from a mosque, which is said to have asked Khan and others to stop having political activities there, including community meetings opposed to UK policy in Iraq , which they then moved to the centre. Police have searched the premises and confiscated for forensic investigation items such as computers. Iqra bookshop The Hyap s status permitted it to apply for grants from the UK government for various program monies totalling more than British pound 1 million. Among the programs funded this way was the Iqra bookshop, which sold Islamic materials, including religious tracts and political videos and DVDs, claimed to be anti West propaganda. The Leeds suspects are believed to have watched some of the DVDs with graphic footage of civilian deaths in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the West Bank. The home of at least one worker at Iqra has been searched for possible connections to the bombings. One of the Iqra workers is Naveed Fiaz. References cite news last Jenkins first Russell title Killers may have ... more details
Other uses NSAPI disambiguation NSAPI Multiple issues unreferenced October 2009 context October 2009 A Network Layer Service Access Point Identifier NSAPI , is an identifier used in GPRS cellular data networks. It is used to identify a Packet Data Protocol PDP context a unique data session in the Mobile Station MS and in the Serving GPRS Support Node SGSN . It is dynamically selected by the MS however, the MS should ensure that the selected NSAPI is not currently being used by another session management entity in the MS . When the MS requests a PDP context, it selects an NSAPI that it sends to the SGSN with the request. NSAPI is also used as part of the Tunnel Identifier between GPRS Support Nodes GSNs . The user identity International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMSI and the application identifier NSAPI are integrated into the Tunnel Identifier GTPv0 TID or Tunnel Endpoint Identifier GTPv1 TEID that uniquely identifies the subscriber s sublink between the GSNs SGSN and GGSN . The SGSN inserts the NSAPI along with the GGSN address in the Create PDP Context Request. One PDP context may have several secondary PDP contexts and NSAPI. The NSAPI is an integer value within the PDP context header. In the UMTS system the data connection between a GPRS Core Network and a mobile station is identified using an NSAPI, that identifies as well a radio access bearer. In the previous releases of GPRS pre Release 00 , a connection is identified by NSAPI and a Logical Link Control LLC protocol SAPI. However, in UMTS, and thus in GPRS Release 00, the LLC protocol is no longer used. Category 3rd Generation Partnership Project standards Category Telecommunications infrastructure Telecommunications stub ... more details
, Australia. Access IS has four major vertical markets airports, retail point of sale, retail banking and dealer rooms. Access IS is the trading name of Access Limited. For further information on the brand name, see below. Background to the name Access IS is an abbreviation of Access Interfacing Solutions . Originally Access Keyboards Limited, the company was renamed Access Ltd and adopted the brand name Access IS in October 2007 to reflect the broader product offering the company offered. The new ...Orphan date July 2009 Infobox Company company name Access IS company logo Image Access IS logo 240px.jpg company type Private foundation Reading, England 1985 location Reading, Berkshire , UK industry Manufacturing products Computer keyboards br Bar code readers br MSR br OCR br Passport readers homepage http www.access is.com Access IS website Access IS is the UK s largest independent computer keyboard manufacturer. More widely, Access IS designs and manufactures products to input data into computer systems. In addition to making keyboards where an operator types the information into a system, other Access IS hardware reads data from various media, particularly from printed barcodes, magnetic stripe media for example, information stored on the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card and through ... . Access has its headquarters in Reading, Berkshire Reading, UK , with approximately 55 salaried ... in December 1984 and was wholly owned by the Videcom Group of companies. Access IS then named Access ... with funding provided by 3i. br 1997 First programmable point of sale keyboards launched. 2000s 2004 3i s shares were sold back to the company. br 2006 Access manufacture BGR boarding gate readers . br 2007 Subsidiary established in Atlanta. br 2007 Access Keyboards Limited renamed Access IS, and began trading as Access IS. br 2009 Access IS gained ISO 9001 2008. Product range Custom computer keyboards ... readers BGRs , passport readers. External links http www.access is.com Access IS website Category ... more details
wiktionary access TOCright Access may refer to Companies and organizations ACCESS Australia , an Australian youth network Access Co. , a Japanese software company Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , a pharmaceutical company in the US Access Virus , a German musical equipment manufacturer. AirCraft Casualty Emotional Support Services ACCESS Arab Community Center for Economic and Social Services ACCESSAccess Software, the original name of Indie Built Indie Built Inc. Access Community Health Network, health care clinic The Access Group , UK based business software company Computer software Microsoft Access ... data governed by filesystem permissions Access Linux Platform , an operating system for mobile devices Access, the process of finding and obtaining data in Computer assisted language learning Space and technology Access network , the process of signing onto a network Access 5 , a NASA program Experimental ... EASE and ACCESS , a pair of space shuttle flight experiments Sport Access 2.3 , sailing keelboat Access 303 , sailing keelboat Access Liberty , sailing keelboat Television Access The West Wing Access The West Wing , a television episode Access TV channel Access TV channel , a Canadian educational television channel Access Television Network , an American infomercial channel Access Hollywood , an entertainment newsmagazine. Access TV series Access TV series , a Canadian television series 1974 1982 Public, educational, and government access , American Public, educational and government PEG access cable TV channels Other meanings Access control is the ability to permit or deny the use of a particular resource Access comics , a comic book character Access economics Access group , a Japanese musical group Access credit card Contact law , the right to visitation in family law Access course ... Access date , refers to the date when a digital source like a web site was visited in order to obtain some information disambiguation de Access fr Access ko id Akses it Access lt Prieiga nl Access ... more details
Subject access refers to the methods and systems by which books, journals , and other document s are accessed in a given bibliographic database e.g. a library classification library classification system . The single records in a bibliographic file is structured in fields and each field can be searchable and combined with other fields. Such searchable data from fields of records are termed access points . Some of these access points contain information such as author name, number of pages, language of publication, name of publisher etc. These are in library jargon termed descriptive data . Other kinds of access points contains information such as title words, classification codes, indexing terms etc. They are termed subject access points . ref cite web last Hjorland first Birger title Subject access points url http www.iva.dk bh lifeboat ko concepts subject access points.htm accessdate 20 April 2011 ref . However, a subject accesspoint is defined as any accesspoint useful for subject searching. There is no precise border between descriptive access points and subject access points. In theory any accesspoint may hypothetically be used for subject searching. See also Metadata Subject documents References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear he re automatically Reflist Category Library cataloging and classification DEFAULTSORT Subject Access ... more details
end, with minimal change to the physical network. Access networks usually also must support Point ...Inappropriate tone date December 2007 refimprove date February 2008 An access network is that part of a telecommunication ... in GSM which connects local providers to each other. The access network may be further divided ... An access network or outside plant refers to the series of wires, cables and equipment lying between a consumer business telephone termination point the point at which a telephone connection reaches the customer ... equipment to direct a call or connection to the consumer. The access network is perhaps one of the oldest ..., and as new services are offered. This makes the access network one of the most complex networks ... of 15 Billion each year. citation needed date August 2011 The access network is also perhaps .... Access networks consist largely of pairs of copper wire s, each traveling in a direct path between ... date August 2011 Access is essential to the future profitability of operators who are experiencing ... Internet Protocol Television to guarantee profit. The access network is again the main barrier ... required to receive next generation services. citation needed date August 2011 Access networks around ... a full transition is achieved, delivering value added services over fiber to the home FTTH . Access process File Access Network Authentication Process.jpg thumb Access Network Authentication High Level Example The process of communicating with a network begins with an access attempt , in which one ... . An access attempt itself begins with an issuance of an access request by an access originator . An access attempt ends either in successful access or in access failure an unsuccessful access that results ... access time. Access failure can be the result of access outage, user blocking , incorrect access, or Denial of request access denial . Access denial system blocking can include Access failure caused ... call call originator camp on feature. Access failure caused by exceeding the maximum access time and nominal ... more details
Image ExampleCAC.jpg thumb An example United States Department of Defense DoD Common Access Card An access badge is a credential used to gain entry to an area having automated access control entry points. Entry points may be door s, turnstile s, parking gates or other barriers. Access badges use various technologies to identify the holder of the badge to an access control system. The most common technologies are Magnetic stripe card magnetic stripe , Proximity card proximity , barcode , smart card s and various biometric devices. The magnetic strip ID card was invented by Forrest Parry in 1960. ref http www.suu.edu alumni magazine fall04 pdf news.pdf Southern Utah University in View, Fall 2004, Alumni Awards, pages 3 4 ref The access badge contains a number that is read by a card reader . The number is sent to an access control system, a computer system that makes access control decisions based on information about the credential. If the credential is included in an access control list, the access control system unlocks the controlled accesspoint. The transaction is stored in the system for later retrieval reports may be generated that reveal who entered what controlled accesspoint at what time. The Wiegand effect was used in early access cards. This method was abandoned in favor of other proximity technologies. The new technologies retained the Wiegand upstream data so that the new readers were compatible with old systems. Readers are still called Wiegand but no longer use the Wiegand effect. A Wiegand reader radiates a 1 to 5 electrical field around itself. Cards use a simple LC circuit . When a card is presented to the reader, the reader s electrical field excites a coil in the card. The coil charges a capacitor and in turn powers an integrated circuit . The integrated ... between card and reader can be encrypted . See also Access control Biometrics Card printer Common Access Card Computer security Credential Door security Electronic lock Fortification ID Card ... more details
assets access frontier as tool.pdf ref The access frontier defines the maximum proportion of the population that has access to a product or service at a given point in time, and the frontier ...Access to finance refers to the possibility that individuals or enterprises can access financial services ... for All? Policies and Pitfalls in Expanding Access. Washington, D.C. The World Bank. Retrieved ... FFA book.pdf ref Those who involuntarily have no or only limited access to financial services are referred ... Services Africa conference in Johannesburg, South Africa. ref Access to finance varies greatly ... measures of access to finance across countries, see Demirg Kunt, Beck, & Honohan, 2008, pp. 190 191 ref name finance for all . Defining and measuring access to financial services Access to finance the possibility that individuals or enterprises can access financial services should be distinguished ... or unvoluntary. ref name finance for all Voluntary non users of financial services have access to, but do ... finance for all Involuntary non users want to use financial services, but do not have access due to a variety ... or enterprise has access to finance may change over time, it makes sense to group the banked ... or non users of financial services. One such approach to market segmentation is the access frontier, which can be used for analyzing the development of markets over time. ref name access frontier Porteous, D. 2005, May 26 . The Access Frontier as an Approach and Tool in Making Markets Work for the Poor .... ref name access frontier The access frontier approach distinguishes between users and non users of a product or service, and segments non users into four groups ref name access frontier Those who are able to use the product or service but choose not to voluntary non users Those who can currently access the product or service but do not yet non users, lying within the present access frontier Those ... the future access frontier Those beyond the reach of market solutions in the next three to five years ... more details
Infobox software name Microsoft Access logo File Microsoft Access 2010 icon.png 64px Microsoft Office Access Icon screenshot File Access.PNG 300px caption Microsoft Office Access 2010 running on Windows ... access Microsoft Office Access , previously known as Microsoft Access , is a database management ..., the current version of Microsoft Access 2010 was released by Microsoft in Office 2010 Microsoft Office Access 2007 was the prior version. MS Access stores data in its own format based on the Access ... en gb access help introduction to importing and exporting data HA101790599.aspx publisher ... Access to develop application software , and power users can use it to build software applications. Like other Microsoft Office Office applications , Access is supported by Visual Basic for Applications ... DAO Data Access Objects , ActiveX Data Objects, and many other ActiveX components. Visual objects ... Microsoft projects Cirrus codename for Access and Thunder codename for Visual Basic , where the Embedded Basic engine was used . ref name Goodhew1996 11 ref name FergusonBirth After Access s premiere ... not available in Access. ref Cite news title Microsoft demos its ill fated Omega first Scott last ...?id elEEAAAAMBAJ ref and the name Access became the official name of the product. ref Cite news title Cirrus dubbed Access faster beta released newspaper InfoWorld first Stuart J. last Johnston date July ... Access version 1.0 on 13 November 1992, and an Access 1.1 release in May 1993 to improve compatibility with other Microsoft products and to include the Access Basic programming language. 1993 Microsoft specified the minimum hardware requirements for Access v2.0 as Microsoft Windows v3.1 with 4 MB of Random Access Memory RAM required, 6 MB RAM recommended 8 MB of available hard disk space required ... Database Engine , the reliability of Access databases has improved When date April 2011 and it supports both more data and a larger number of users. With Office 95, Microsoft Access 7.0 a.k.a. Access ... more details
Access Card may refer to Access credit card . Health and social services access card Australia . A smart card used to gain access somewhere. disambig ... more details
All Access may refer to All Access CSI NY All Access CSI NY , an episode of CSI NY UFC All Access , a reality TV show VH1 All Access , a series of TV music specials See also All Access Europe , a 2002 video album by Eminem All Access Pass , a comedy TV program All Access Pass video All Access Pass video , a music DVD by Hilary Duff All Access to All Things , a 2003 DVD by Mudvayne disambig ... more details
of expanded access Deciding at what point in the clinical trial process access should be given. Some stakeholders support expanded access programs after phase I testing in clinical trials, which ...Expanded access refers to the use of an investigational drug outside of a clinical trial by patients ... trial in progress. This type of access may be available, in accordance with United States Food and Drug ..., and the drug developer agrees to provide access to the drug. The FDA refers to such a program as an expanded access program EAP . ref name nciID http www.cancer.gov cancertopics factsheet Therapy investigational drug access US National Cancer Institute Access to Investigational Drugs accessed ... provide large numbers of patients access to investigational drugs. A single patient IND is a request from a physician to the FDA that an individual patient be allowed access to an investigational drug ... FDA Final Rules for Expanded Access to Investigational Drugs for Treatment Use and Charging for Investigational ... patient expanded access to an investigational drug for the same use, they may ask the trial sponsor ... http edocket.access.gpo.gov 2009 pdf E9 19005.pdf Final FDA Rules on Expanded Access to Investigational ... used by the FDA. wiktionarypar investigational drug compassionate expanded access trial FDA regulations ..., to access drugs or biologics that are still in development for treatment purposes. These expanded access program rules were amended in 2009 by the FDA to ensure broad and equitable access to investigational ... website Criteria that must be met in order to authorize the expanded access use Requirements for expanded access submissions Safeguards to protect patients and the clinical trial process The regulations also include general criteria for granting expanded access ref name edocket.access.gpo.gov The patient ... some point during phase III when efficacy data have been obtained, unless compelling phase II data ... UgDEF2gH2lsoV QnZhUlRqpCACSGBYo Expanded Access to Investigational Drugs Genetic Engineering ... more details
Cleanup date October 2007 Access is a catalytic process that enables interactions, contacts and exchanges ... of Access and to quantify the impact of Access on economic growth and personal well being was created ... known as the Stanford Research Institute in its study, The Power of Access also titled, How Greater Access Is Changing The World A Landmark Study on the Relevance of Access to People, Businesses and Nations . As outlined in the study, the Access framework consists of the Access Model, which expresses the function of Access as an econometric equation the Access Cycle and the Access Index, which ... study and subsequent research was sponsored by FedEx Corporation , which has incorporated the Access concept into its corporate thought leadership. In its broadest implications, Access is a framework ... available or needed to increase Access. SRI s Thesis SRI released its first report on Access on May 23, 2006 in Washington D.C. The Executive Overview of the report describes Access as a catalytic process ... markets represent platforms for transactions to take place, access provides the means for markets to operate. Access indicates ability the ability to accomplish a broad range of actions, from attaining ... to dramatic increases in Access. The report s authors write that this march toward continuously greater access is accelerating. Furthermore, they assert that increases in access inevitably lead to economic ... hunger for connections and openness. The report explicitly declares that Access is critical for economic survival and growth, while implying that Access inevitably promotes openness and transparency if not held back by social or political factors. The Access Function Access can be written as a formula ... the degree of Access A f T, S, I A Greater Access is generated by reducing the space between the entity seeking Access and the thing physical or informational being sought by reducing the time ... it. Access also conveys benefits through these variables Greater Access increases available time ... more details
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