For the folkloric being of the Ewe people from Ghana also Togo adze folklore For the village in Bosnia Hercegovina Ad e Image Adze.jpg right thumb Adze Image Cooperadze.jpg right thumb Cooper s adze Image Adz PSF .png thumb A man using an adze on a felled tree An adze IPAc en icon d z American English ... stands astride a board or log and swings the adze downwards towards his feet, chipping off pieces ... often used for squaring up logs, or for hollowing out timber. The adze is also used for demolition ...?pagewanted 4 This Old Recyclable House , Retrieved 29 September 2008. ref The blade of an adze is set ... including Egypt The adze is shown in ancient Egypt from the Old Kingdom onward. ref cite book quote A statue of the third dynasty boat builder Ankhwah is showing him holding an adze author Rice M title ... 0 ref Originally the adze blades were made of stone, but already in the Predynastic Egypt Predynastic ... . A depiction of an adze was also used as a Egyptian hieroglyphs hieroglyph , representing the consonants ... Codage transliteration aH nTr depicted as an adze like instrument, ref cite book title W rterbuch der ... hafted and D handle. The hafted form is similar in form to a European adze with the haft constructed ... and the thick end is flattened and notched such that an adze iron can be lashed to it. Modern ... form is the D handle adze which is basically an adze iron with a directly attached handle. The D ..., the traditional adze has largely been replaced by the sawmill and the powered plane, at least in industrialised ... of a structure. One end of the Halligan bar is called the adze end. It has an adze along with a 4 inch spike on one end and the other end has a pry fork. Types Carpenter s adze A heavy adze, often with very steep curves, and a very heavy, blunt poll. The weight of this adze makes it unsuitable for sustained overhead adzing. Railroad adze A carpenter s adze which had its bit extended in an effort ... a weld where the extension was attached. Shipwright s adze A lighter, and more versatile adze than ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2010 The adze is a vampire vampiric being in Ewe people Ewe folklore , the Ewe are located in Togo and Ghana. In the wild, the adze takes the form of a firefly , though it will transform into human shape upon capture. When in human form, the adze has the power to possess humans. People, male or female, possessed by an adze are viewed as witch es. The adze s influence would negatively affect the people who lived around their host. A person is suspected of being possessed in a variety of situations, including women with brothers especially if their brother s children fared better than their own , old people if the young suddenly started dying and the old stayed alive and the poor if they envied the rich . The adze s effects are generally felt by the possessed victim s family or those the victim is jealous of. In firefly form, the adze would pass through closed doors at night and suck blood from people as they slept. The victim would fall sick and die. Tales of the creature and its effects were probably an attempt to describe the potentially deadly effects of mosquito s and malaria . Citation needed date February 2010 There is no defense against an adze. References cite book last Bunson first Matthew title The Vampire Encyclopedia year 1993 pages p. 2 publisher Thames & Hudson Ltd. location London isbn 0 500 27748 6 See also Chonchon Soucouyant Category African mythology Category Vampires Category African legendary creatures africa myth stub id Adze de Adze it Adze ka ... more details
Hiero Adze on Block hiero U21 hiero align left era egypt Image Ramses II. Thronname.JPG 140px thumb right Cartouche on pillar. The Ancient Egypt ancient Egyptian Adze on a Wood Block , or Axe in a Block of Wood ref Betr , 1995. Hieroglyphics The Writings of Ancient Egypt , Axe in a Block of Wood p. 229. ref hieroglyph , Gardiner s Sign List Gardiner sign listed no. U20, is a portrayal of the adze Ancient Egypt . It is used mostly in the cartouche s of pharaonic names especially, or other important names. The adze on block ref Collier and Manley, 1998, How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs , p. 142. ref has the Egyptian language value of stp ref Collier and Manley, 1998, p. 142. ref and is the verb choose . It is used as a determinative ref Betr , 1995, p. 229. ref in stp , cut into pieces , and as an ideogram ref Betr , 1995, p. 229. ref for stp , choose , choice . div The adze tool sign, Gardiner nos. U18 and U19, hiero U19 hiero , hiero U20 hiero , portray just the adze, or hand axe . div Cartouche usage chosen of div The most common usage of this hieroglyph is for a descriptor with the names in the pharaonic cartouche . An example for Ramesses II , shows his prenomen as hiero ra wsr mAat stp ra n hiero UserMaatRe SetepeNRe , and is approximately Maat s Power of Ra , the Chosen of Ra . i.e. Maat s Powerful and Chosen one of Ra div See also Gardiner s Sign List U. Agriculture, Crafts, and Professions Adze Egypt gallery Image Louvre Egyptien 09.jpg Statue of Pharaoh Osorkon I File Pectoral Rameses II Louvre E79.jpg Pectoral Ancient Egypt File RamessesIX OstraconPresentingMaat MetropolitanMuseum.png Goddess Maat hieroglyph on basket hieroglyph Basket hieroglyph being presented by Ramesses IX File Karnak titul ramses.JPG Ramses II cartouches at Karnak gallery References commons Category Adze on block stp hieroglyph reflist Betr , 1995. Hieroglyphics The Writings of Ancient Egypt , Maria Carmela Betr , c. 1995, 1996 English , Abbeville Press Publishers, New York, London, Paris ... more details
ADZ is a 3 letter acronym that may refer to Adze , woodworking tool Adzera language , ISO 639 code Amiga Disk File , file format Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport , IATA code Intentional misspelling of odds in the 2010 The Age of Adz album by Sufjan Stevens See also lookfrom intitle AD disambiguation DZ disambiguation dab fr ADZ it ADZ ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Drafted masonry , in architecture , is the term given to large stones, on the face of which has been dressed round the edge a draft or sunken surface, leaving the center portion as it came from the quarry . The dressing is worked with an adze of eight teeth to the inch, used in a vertical direction and to a width of two to four inches. The earliest example of drafted masonry is found in the immense platform built by Cyrus the Great Cyrus in 530 BC at Pasargadae in Persia . It occurs again in the palace of Hyrcanus , known as the Arak el Emir ref Iraq al Amir , Jordan see Qasr al Abd . ref 176 BC , but is there inferior in execution. The finest drafted masonry is that dating from the time of Herod the Great , in the tower of David and the walls of the Haram in Jerusalem , and at Hebron . In the castles built by the Crusader states Crusaders , the adze has been worked in a diagonal direction instead of vertically. In all these examples the size of the stones employed is sometimes enormous, so that the traditional influence of the Phoenicia n stonemason s seems to have lasted till the 12th century. References 1911 Notes references Category Masonry ... more details
Not to be confused with K tool . The Kelly tool is a tool used in fire and rescue service for forcible entry and other prying and striking tasks. The predecessor of the Halligan bar , it has largely been superseded by the latter, but still sees some use. The kelly tool is named after its designer, Captain John F. Kelly of H&L Company 163 FDNY . It consists of a straight steel bar, generally about 28 inches long. One end is formed into a chisel the opposite end has an adze blade. The primary advantage over the claw tool it replaced is that the striking end the adze is in a straight line with the rest of the tool on the claw tool the corresponding end was curved into a hook with no flat surfaces. The kelly tool was intended specifically for opening doors and other barriers. Modern versions often are modified along the lines of the Halligan bar, especially at the chisel end. Originally the chisel blade was flat and straight more recently it has tended to take on a curved and forked form, similar to the claw of a carpenter s hammer . There are similar tools referred to generically as kelly tools , but in general they are variations on the original form. References Cite book title Tools of the Trade Firefighting Hand Tools and Their Use first Richard A. last Fritz pages 35 37 publisher PennWell Books year 1997 accessdate 2008 03 05 Types of tools DEFAULTSORT Kelly Tool Category Firefighting equipment ... more details
Gouge may refer to Chisel Gouge Gouge , a form of chisel Gouais blanc , a French wine grape Price gouging , a legal term Eye gouging rugby union , an offence in rugby union Eye gouging , the act of pressing or tearing the eye Fish hooking , gouging as part of self defence or martial arts Gouging fighting style , an antiquated form of combat in the back country United States Fault gouge , an unconsolidated rock type Shale Gouge Ratio , a mathematical algorithm to predict fault rock types Adze , a stone tool Wiktionary gouge disamb ca G bia de Hohleisen es Gubia eo Gu o fr Gouge it Sgorbia nl Guts oc G bia pt Goiva sv Sk lp tl Pait ... more details
thumb The adze of a pick mattock being used to dig out a burrowing pit Mattocks are the most versatile ... with the adze and pull the soil towards the user, opening a slit to plant into. ref name Wray cite ... of bending and stooping involved. ref name Wray The adze of a mattock is useful for digging or Hoe ... more details
Image Halligan 4.JPG thumb right 200px The adze and pick end of a typical Halligan bar. A Halligan bar also called a Halligan tool or Hallagan , and is often referred to as a Hooligan Tool in various British and Australian fire services is a special forcible entry tool commonly used by firefighter s and Police law enforcement . ref name DEA cite episode url http www.spike.com full episode dea vs heroin 27488 title DEA vs. Heroin Kingpin series DEA serieslink DEA 2008 television series credits network Spike TV channel Spike airdate 2008 04 02 season 1 number 1 minutes 26 03 ref It was designed by and named after Hugh Halligan do not wikilink as the Hugh Halligan page is a redirect to this page otherwise, bet at least turn his article into a stub. , a First Deputy Fire chief Fire Chief in the New York City Fire Department , in 1948. While the tool was developed by a Deputy Chief of the New York City Fire Department, the department did not initially purchase it because of a perceived conflict of interest in buying from a member of the department. ref http books.google.com books?id ubGf6Z15CiIC&pg PA72&lpg PA72&dq deputy chief hugh halligan&source bl&ots Jh62a45Ryd&sig UFVk8VDpAlD6gfJ3JU16CwSTJA0&hl en&ei iTxeSq3XL4vyNKTOiJMG&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 5 Hugh A. Halligan Fire Department City of New York The Bravest An Illustrated History 1865 2002 , page 72, accessed July 15, 2009. ref The City of Boston Fire Department was the first major customer of the tool, purchasing one for every fire company in their city. The tool was popular enough that members of New York ladder ... wedge or adze , and a tapered pick, which is especially useful in quickly Door breaching Mechanical breaching breaching many types of locked doors. Either the adze end or fork end of the tool can ... engaged in Glossary of firefighting V vertical ventilation . Using a K tool and the adze end, a lock ... before prying. The adze end is also assisted by using the sliding hammer to generate forced traction ... more details
. Modular Ice tools are extremely modular most have the ability to change picks and adze hammer. Many .... This is distinct from mountaineering ice axes which are usually produce as a single axe, adze .... There are also ice tools with round tubular nosed, instead of flat, picks. Adze end variations As with non ... in place of the adze, or are modular, permitting switching styles of adze or hammer, and or between adze and hammer. Shaft variations Shafts may be straight, as with shafts of non ice tool axes, or have ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 about the woodworking tool the weapon sometimes referred to as a Broad Axe Dane Axe File Broadaxe.jpg thumb 300px A broadaxe A broadaxe is a large headed axe . There were two types of broadaxes both used for shaping logs by hand hewing. On one type, one side is flat and the other side beveled, a basilled edge, this is a hewing broadaxe. On the other type, both sides are beveled, this is a chopping broadaxe. On the hewing broadaxe the handle may curve away from the basilled side to allow a flush stroke when hewing a flat plane on the side of a log. The flat blade is to make the flat surface, and the curved handle is to enable the user to stand on the object being worked on and hew on the appropriate side. Single bevel axes are made either right or left handed. A double beveled broad axe is used for chopping or notching. When used for hewing , a notch is chopped, perpendicular to the grain, and to the depth to be hewn, then either a hewing broadaxe or adze is used to remove the excess. History In the 19th century, the broadaxe was commonly used in manufacture of square timber, for shaping logs used in log cabin construction and in the manufacture of axe ties . Citation needed date February 2008 Modern uses Since the introduction of sawmill s and modern power tool s, the use of this tool is now uncommon in manufacturing. Category Axes Category Green woodworking tools Category Woodworking hand tools Category Green woodworking bar Broadhogg de Breitbeil ru sv Bila tool stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A Shoe last celt is a long thin stone tool characteristic of the early Neolithic Linear Pottery culture Linearbandkeramik and Hinkelstein culture Hinkelstein archaeological culture culture s, also called Danubian I in the older literature. See also Celt tool celt . Appearance The tools are square in profile with a rounded top, which is why they are compared with shoe makers last s. The preferred material is amphibolite basalt is also used. Use Shape and wear show that they were used as adze s to fell trees and to work wood. Some blades have traces of hafting as well. The finds from the water well well s of K ckhoven and Eythra in Germany demonstrate a high standard of carpentry. Shoe last celts have also been used as weapons, as attested by smashed skulls from Schletz Austria and Talheim, Neckar Germany . An older theory suggests their use as Hoe tool hoe s, but there are no wear traces to support this. DEFAULTSORT Shoe Last Celt Category Archaeological artefact types Euro archaeology stub de Schuhleistenkeil eo u tipa kojno ru ... more details
The Arctic Small Tool tradition is a broad cultural entity that developed along the Alaska Peninsula , round Bristol Bay , and on the eastern shores of the Bering Strait around 2500 BC . This was a terrestrial entity that had a highly distinctive toolkit of small blades microblades that were pointed at both ends and used as side or end barbs on arrows or spear s made of other materials, such as bone or antler . Scraper s, engraving tools and adze blades were also included in their toolkits. Many researchers also assume that it was these Arctic Small Tool populations who first introduced the bow and arrow to the Arctic . Small Tool camps lie along the coasts and streams, to take advantage of pinniped seal or salmon populations. While some of the groups were fairly nomadic, more permanent, sod roofed homes have also been identified from Small Tool using sites. Later on, the Arctic Small Tool tradition branches off into two cultural variants, including the Pre Dorset and Independence I culture Independence traditions. The major link from these new cultures to their common root is their tool technology. References Fagan, Brian. Ancient North America . Thames & Hudson, London. 2005, p. 179 81. Pre Columbian North America Category Archaic period in North America Category Archaic period in the Americas Category Native American history of Alaska Category Pre Columbian cultures Category Prehistory of the Arctic Alaska stub NorthAm native stub ... more details
Image KupeWheke.jpg right thumb 80px House carving showing Kupe holding a paddle , with two sea creatures at his feet In M ori mythology , Te Wheke a Muturangi is a monstrous octopus destroyed in Tory Channel or at P tea by Kupe the navigator. The octopus was a pet or familiar spirit familiar of Muturangi a powerful tohunga of Hawaiki . The wheke was nonetheless a wild creature and a guardian. When Kupe reached New Zealand , he encountered the beast off Castlepoint. The giant octopus then fled across Cook Strait , and was chased by Kupe through Tory Channel. Here a great battle took place, and when the octopus appeared to be about to flee, Kupe cut off its arms with his adze, killing it Tregear 1891 184, 620 . In the traditions of the Ng ti Ranginui people of Tauranga , Te Wheke a Muturangi was killed by their ancestor Tamatea , and is not associated with Kupe. New Zealand ethnologist David Simmons has suggested that this may be the more authentic tradition, and that the association with Kupe is found only in problematic sources Simmons 1976 . See also Kupe References D.R. Simmons, The Great New Zealand Myth a study of the discovery and origin traditions of the Maori Reed Wellington 1976. E.R. Tregear, Maori Polynesian Comparative Dictionary Lyon and Blair Lambton Quay , 1891, 184, 620. Category M ori legendary creatures Oceania myth stub Maori stub ... more details
An obayifo is a vampire like mythological creature from West Africa coming from the folklore of the The Ashanti Ashanti . ref name CMD cite book last Davison first Carol Margaret coauthors Paul Simpson Housley title Bram Stoker s Dracula Sucking Through the Century, 1897 1997 publisher Dundurn Press Ltd. year 1997 pages 354 url http books.google.com books?id brj7yfaBkPAC&pg RA2 PA354&d isbn 1550022792 ref It is known as asiman by the Dahomey people. ref name CMD The obayifo was also considered a kind of African witchcraft witch . In Ashanti folklore, obayifo are very common and may inhabit the bodies of ordinary people. ref name JJW cite book last Williams first Joseph J. title Psychic Phenomena of Jamaica publisher Kessinger Publishing year 2003 pages 62 url http books.google.com books?id VAeh8IfzgPoC&pg PA62&d isbn 0766135381 ref They are described as having shifty eyes and being obsessed with food. ref name JJW When travelling at night they are said to emit a phosphorescent light from their armpit s and anus . ref name JJW Obayifo are believed to kill children by remotely sucking their blood and to enter the bodies of animals to attack humans. ref cite book last Morrish first Ivor title Obeah, Christ and Rastaman Jamaica and Its Religion publisher James Clarke & Co. year 1982 location Jamaica pages 23 url http books.google.com books?id RVzFXr1TJ0oC&pg PA22&d isbn 0227678311 ref They are also said to suck the life from the land and weaken crops, particularly Theobroma cacao cacao . The Obayifo is also said to be able to travel as a ball of light. ref Cite book last Suckling first Nigel authorlink title Vampires publisher AAPPL year 2006 location pages 35 url http books.google.co.uk books?id R5Kfw2qmjwYC&pg PA35 doi id isbn 190433248X ref See also Asanbosam Adze folklore Adze Soucouyant References Reflist witchcraft Category African legendary creatures Category African witchcraft Category Ghanaian culture Category Ivorian culture Category Togolese culture Category ... more details
Persondata . NAME Adze, Jean Marie ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1956 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Adze, Jean Marie Category 1956 births Category Living ... more details
of steel and featuring a pickaxe pick and adze . A hole in the center is provided for attaching a wrist ... pcx left A removable snow basket accessory installed on an ice axe. Image Ice axe pick & adze protector.JPG thumb 300 pcx right A leather pick & adze guard installed on an ice axe. Common ice axe accessories ... to keep the shaft from sinking into soft snow. Pick and adze guard &mdash a cover to protect from ... adze, with the cutting edge aligned with the direction of the shaft, as in a conventional axe. This design lasted until at least 1860, but eventually the adze was rotated to the current position ... century, the pick lengthened to about twice the length of the adze. Improvements in crampon design pioneered ... more details
wikt hew Refimprove date December 2009 Hewing is the process of converting sections of a tree stem from its rounded natural form into a form with more or less flat surfaces using primarily, among other tools, an axe or axes. It is used as a method of squaring up beams for timber framing building construction . Methods One can hew wood by standing a log across two other smaller logs, and stabilizing it either by notching the support logs, or using a timber dog a long bar of iron with a tooth on either end that jams into the logs and prevents movement . The hewer marks a line along the length of a log, usually with a chalk line , then chops notches to a short distance 10 mm for example from this line into the log every foot or two using a chopping or scoring axe. The hewing can be done on the sides with a broadaxe by standing over or to the side of the log and chipping off the sections of wood in between the notches. This results in a rough surface pared down just shy of the marked line. The notches remove a fair amount of wood, make chipping easier and prevent long shreds of material being removed, only smaller chips. Hewing occurs from the bottom of the stem upwards towards what was the top of the standing tree, reducing the tendency of the broken fibers to migrate inwards towards the eventual beam. ref cite web url http www.fhwa.dot.gov environment fspubs 99232823 page23.htm title An Ax to Grind A Practical Ax Manual, 9923 2823 MTDC, About the Author publisher Fhwa.dot.gov date accessdate 2011 11 14 ref An adze was used to chip or plane the top surface in the same manner. Further smoothing can then be done using a hand plane , drawknife , yari kana or any other established or improvised means. References Reflist Woodworking Category Woodworking Category Green woodworking Category Timber framing Category Timber preparation Forestry stub ... more details
Image Molino neol tico de vaiv n.jpg thumb A Neolithic ground stone. Image Grinding stone.jpg thumb Traditional grinding stone used for making chutney , dosa batter and idli batter, in India today. In archaeology , ground stone is a category of stone tool formed by the grinding of a coarse grained tool stone , either purposely or incidentally. Ground stone tools are usually made of basalt , rhyolite , granite , or other macrocrystalline igneous stones whose coarse structure makes them ideal for grinding other materials, including plants and other stones. In Europe the adoption of ground stone technology is associated closely with the Neolithic . In the Levant ground stones appear in Mesolithic 2 Natufian . Some ground stone tools are incidental, caused by use with other tools Mano stone manos , for example, are hand stones used in conjunction with metate s and other grinding slab s querns , and develop their ground surfaces through wear. Other ground stone tools include adze s, celt tool celts , and axe s, which are manufactured using a labor intensive, time consuming method of repeated grinding against a harder stone or with sand, often using water as a lubricant . These tools are often made using durable finer grained materials rather than coarse materials. In the North American arctic, tools made of ground slate were used by the Norton tradition Norton , Dorset culture Dorset , and Thule people Thule tool cultures. Common forms of these tools were projectile points and ulu s. See also Stone tool Lithic reduction Microlith References Moore, D.T., 1983, Petrological aspects of some sharpening stones, touchstones, and milling stones. In The Petrology of Archaeological Artefaces. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Fagan, Brian. Ancient North America. Thames & Hudson, London. 2005, p. 191 99. Banning, Edward Bruce. The archaeologist s laboratory the analysis of archaeological data. Kluwer Academic Plenum Publishers, New York. 2000, p. 151. Prehistoric technology Categ ... more details
Image PulaskiVsBirchRoot8054.JPG thumb widthpx A demonstration of incorrect use of a pulaski. For safety reasons, a pulaski should never be held over one s head. ref cite book last1 Hallman first1 Richard last2 Hutcheson first2 William last3 Mrkich first3 Dale title Handtools for trail work publisher USDA Forest Service, Technology & Development Program year 1997 pages 18 accessdate 2011 01 18 quote Avoid raising the pick overhead while swinging this wastes energy and creates a safety hazard because the heavy, narrow tool head cannot be easily controlled or directed. ref The pulaski is a special hand tool used in wildfire wildland firefighting . The tool combines an axe and an adze in one head, similar to that of the Mattock cutter mattock , with a rigid handle of wood, plastic, or fiberglass. The pulaski is a versatile tool for constructing firebreak s, as it can be used to both dig soil and chop wood. It is also well adapted for trail construction, gardening , and other outdoor work. As a gardening or excavation tool, it is effective for digging holes in root bound or hard soil. The invention of the pulaski is credited to Ed Pulaski , a park ranger ranger with the United States Forest Service , in 1911, ref cite book last1 Spadafora first1 Ronald title McGraw Hill s Firefighter Exams publisher McGraw Hill Professional year 2007 pages 230 accessdate 2011 01 18 quote Invented by USFS ranger Ed Pulaski in 1911. ref although a similar tool was first introduced in 1876 by the Collins Tool Company. Ed Pulaski was famous for taking action to save the lives of a crew of 45 firefighters during the disastrous August 1910 Great Fire of 1910 wildfires in Idaho . His invention or reinvention of the tool that bears his name may have been a direct result of the disaster, as he saw the need for better firefighting tools. The pulaski came into wide use by the Forest Service after 1913, and in 1920 the Forest Service began contracting for the tool to be commercially manufactured. S ... more details
Image Stockman Hall of Fame.jpg thumb 300px Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame in Longreach The Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame is a museum located in Longreach, Queensland Longreach , Queensland , Australia , which pays tribute to settler pioneers of the Australian outback . The centre is also dedicated to Australian Stockman Australia stockmen and Indigenous Australians Aborigines who have shown bravery and courage . The founder of the Hall of Fame was artist Hugh Sawrey , a well known painter and former stockman, who had the name registered in 1974, put up the initial funding, and enlisted supporters. His vision was to create a memorial to the explorers, overlanders, pioneers and settlers of outback Australia. This dream was shared by other outstanding Australians, including the legendary R. M. Williams . ref http www.outbackheritage.com.au museum1.aspx Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame Our Story ref The original information centre, a sandstone cottage built by R. M. Williams, complete with hand adze d timber and black marble floors, was restored to its original character and now houses the Hall of Fame s growing library collection. The Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame was opened by Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II on 29 April 1988. References references External links http www.outbackheritage.com.au Official website http www.heritagetrails.qld.gov.au attractions longreach2.html Queensland Heritage Trails http www.queenslandholidays.com.au outback 508138 index.cfm Queensland Holidays http amol.org.au guide instn.asp?ID Q180 AMOL National Guide to Collecting Institutions http www.adventure tours australia.com australian outback photos stockman.html Statue of a Stockman at the Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame Images of the Outback http ehive.com account 3492 Australian Stockman s Hall of Fame collection on eHive coord 23.4441 144.2747 type landmark region AU display title Category Agriculture in Australia Category Halls of fame in Austr ... more details
Bradbury Brook is an archeological procurement area 21ML42 , located a few miles south of Mille Lacs Lake in east central Minnesota . Here Late Paleoindian inhabitants gathered cobbles of siltstone from a streambed or directly from Moraine glacial drift . A partially intact stone workshop at this site was dated to 7212 75 BCE before common era . The siltstone was used to produce a variety of tools, including a stemmed point, other bifaces , Scraper archaeology keeled scrapers , blades and chipped stone adze s. The workshop also contained several fragmented anvilstones and an abundant sample of hammerstones of various sizes ref cite web last Bakken first Ken coauthors Riaz Malik title Lithic Raw Material Resources in Minnesota url http www.tc.umn.edu bakk0029 MinnLith 4.East.HTML accessdate 2006 12 08 ref Archaeologists working at the site found more than 125,000 Artifact archaeology artifacts , including stone tools , dating to 7212 BCE, making it the earliest dated excavated site in Minnesota. ref cite web publisher Minnesota Historical Society title Archaeology Collection url http www.mnhs.org collections archaeology arch.htm accessdate 2006 12 08 ref ref cite web last Higginbottom first Daniel K. publisher University of Minnesota title Projectile Points of Minnesota url http www.tcinternet.net users cbailey lithic1.html accessdate 2006 12 08 ref See also http www.hometownlocator.com DisplayCountyFeatures.cfm?FeatureType stream&SCFIPS 27095 Mille Lacs County Streams References reflist coord missing Minnesota Category Pre state history of Minnesota Minnesota geo stub fi Bradbury Brook ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 Hafting is a process by which an Artifact archaeology artifact , often bone tool bone , metal, or stone tool stone , is attached to a handle or strap. This makes the artifact more useful by allowing it to be fired as in the case of an arrow heads arrowhead , thrown as a spear , or leveraged more effectively as an axe or adze . Hafting is perhaps best known for its use by prehistoric man , but it is still practiced by enthusiasts today. The hafting process Image Flintstone knife.jpg thumb right Flint tool There must be some way to attach the artifact to the strap or shaft, and to this end, flange s are often created on one end the end opposite the cutting edge . Flanges are produced by a process of knapping or Ground stone grinding the excess stone away, resulting in indentations in the piece. If a shaft or handle is to be used, it must also be prepared in some way. The wood or other material is often soaked in water to soften it, and a slit may be cut vertically into the center of the shaft. This provides a place for the head of the tool or weapon to fit. The artifact can then be inserted into the slit, and fixed to the shaft by tying around the flanges with a suitable material. Alternatively, the head may simply be forced into the shaft, if the shaft is soft enough, eliminating the need for a slit and perhaps improving durability . If a strap is used, it is tied directly to the flanges of the artifact. Hafting in prehistory More than 125,000 years ago, early Archaic Homo sapiens such as Homo heidelbergensis developed the extensive use of hafted stone tools. The Cro Magnon hafted antler points onto spears between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago. The Clovis culture Description Clovis culture is noted for its use of hafted spears in the Americas around 11,000 years ago. Stone Clovis point s were formed in a way that may have allowed them to break off on impact with a target. Prehistoric technology Archaeology stub Category Primitive technol ... more details
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