refimprove date February 2011 Aeroelasticity is the science which studies the interactions among inertial force inertial , elasticity physics elastic , and aerodynamic force aerodynamic forces. It was defined by Arthur Roderick Collar in 1947 as the study of the mutual interaction that takes place within the triangle of the inertial, elastic, and aerodynamic forces acting on structural members exposed to an airstream, and the influence of this study on design. ref cite journal last Collar first A. R. title The first fifty years of aeroelasticity journal Aerospace year 1978 volume 5 series 2 pages ..., or may diverge catastrophically if resonance occurs. Aeroelasticity can be divided in two fields of study steady state steady static and Dynamics mechanics dynamic aeroelasticity. Steady aeroelasticity Steady aeroelasticity studies the interaction between aerodynamic and elastic forces on an elastic ... surface. Dynamic aeroelasticity Dynamic Aeroelasticity studies the interactions among aerodynamic ... aeroelastic phenomena. This is called aeroservoelasticity . Prediction and cure Aeroelasticity ... end References references Further reading Bisplinghoff, R.L., Ashley, H. and Halfman, H., Aeroelasticity . Dover Science, 1996, ISBN 0 486 69189 6, 880 pgs Dowell, E. H., A Modern Course on Aeroelasticity . ISBN 90 286 0057 4 Fung, Y.C., An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity . Dover, 1994, ISBN 978 0486678719 Hodges, D.H. and Pierce, A., Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Aeroelasticity ... Aeroelasticity and Loads , Wiley 2007, ISBN 978 0 470 85840 0. Hoque, M. E., Active Flutter Control ... fifty years of aeroelasticity, Aerospace, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 12 20, 1978 Garrick, I.E. and Reed W.H. .... External links http aeroelasticity.larc.nasa.gov Aeroelasticity Branch NASA Langley Research Center http www.dlr.de ae en DLR Institute of Aeroelasticity http www.nlr.nl smartsite.dws?l en&id 9041 National Aerospace Laboratory http aeweb.tamu.edu aeroel The Aeroelasticity Group Texas A&M University ... more details
Arthur Roderick Collar Fellow of the Royal Society FRS ref name frs cite doi 10.1098 rsbm.1987.0006 ref 1908 1986 was a scientist and engineer who made significant contributions in the areas of aeroelasticity ref cite journal last Collar first A. R. authorlink Arthur Roderick Collar title The first fifty years of aeroelasticity journal Aerospace year 1978 volume 5 series 2 pages 12 20 ref , matrix theory and its applications in Dynamics mechanics engineering dynamics . ref name odnb A.G. Pugsley. cite doi 10.1093 ref odnb 40052 Arthur Roderick Collar Collar, Arthur Roderick 1908 1986 ref ref cite doi 10.1093 qjmam 6.2.186 ref ref cite doi 10.1093 qjmam 15.3.265 ref In 1971, he was awarded an Honorary Degree Doctor of Science by the University of Bath . ref http www.bath.ac.uk ceremonies hongrads older.html ref References reflist Persondata NAME Collar, Arthur Roderick ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1908 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1986 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Collar, Arthur Roderick Category Fellows of the Royal Society Category 1908 births Category 1986 deaths scientist stub ... more details
for Aeroelasticity Holt Ashley Award for Aeroelasticity . ref http www.cirs.net prix awards.php?id 2186 AIAA Ashley Award for Aeroelasticity American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics AIAA spaced ... 8cd0 4074 b178 1a6d4a0a31cc AIAA Ashley Award for Aeroelasticity Recipients The AIAA Ashley Award for Aeroelasticity recognizes outstanding contributions to the understanding and application of aeroelastic ... more details
one source date April 2010 Image Smooth camber.jpg 400px right Parker Variable wing The Parker Variable Wing is a wing configuration in biplane or triplane aircraft designed by H.F. Parker in 1920 ref The Parker variable wing , NACA Report 77 , 1920 ref . His design allows a supplement in lift while landing or taking off. The system is depicted in the figure. The figure shows the biplane configuration. The lower airfoil is rigid. The upper airfoil is flexible. At high angle of attack the flow over the lower airfoil will cause the airflow to bend up and create an upward force at the lower surface of the upper airfoil. This upward force will cause the flexible section to be pushed upward. The flexible wing section is held at points A and B. The trailing edge is rigid and can rotate about point B. Due to this effect the Camber aerodynamics camber of the airfoil is increased, and hence the lift it creates is increased. References references See also Aeroelasticity X 53 Active Aeroelastic Wing Adaptive Compliant Wing Category Aerospace engineering Category Aerodynamics Category Aircraft wing design ... more details
Generator , Proceedings of International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics, Amsterdam ..., leading them to different levels of motion, which are directly dependent on their aeroelasticity aeroelastic ... more details
references date February 2012 The Lockheed Martin X 56A is a Modularity modular unmanned aerial vehicle designed to explore high altitude, long endurance HALE flight technologies for use in future military unmanned reconnaissance aircraft , as well as contributing knowledge to the future Gulfstream X 54 X 54 low boom supersonic research programme, and future low emissions transport aircraft. History Designed by Lockheed Martin s Advanced Development Programs, known informally as the Skunk Works , the aircraft was first revealed by Aviation Week & Space Technology Aviation Week , and is intended to research active Aeroelasticity Flutter flutter suppression and gust load alleviation technologies. The X 56A is based on Lockheed s earlier UAV work, showing incluence from the Lockheed Martin Polecat Polecat , Lockheed Martin RQ 170 Sentinel Sentinel and Lockheed Martin RQ 3 DarkStar DarkStar UAVs. The programme calls for the construction of two convert 7.5 ft adj on long fuselage s, with four sets of wings being constructed for flight testing. External links http www.aviationweek.com aw generic story.jsp?id news asd 2012 02 01 02.xml&channel defense USAF Reveals Latest X Plane X 56A . Aviation Week & Space Technology . February 1, 2012. Lockheed Martin aircraft US experimental aircraft aviation lists Category Lockheed Martin aircraft X 56 Category Proposed aircraft of the United States Category Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States de Lockheed Martin X 56A aero 2010s stub ... more details
Wiktionary buzz Buzz may refer to People Buzz Aldrin born 1930 , American pilot and astronaut, second person to set foot on the Moon George Beurling 1921 1948 , Canadian World War II fighter pilot Buzz Hargrove born 1944 , National President of the Canadian Auto Workers trade union Buzz Kilman , Chicago radio personality Buzz Osborne born 1964 , guitarist vocalist songwriter, founding member of The Melvins J. Buzz Von Ornsteiner born 1967 , American forensic psychologist and journalist Fictional characters Buzz mascot , mascot of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets Buzz Lightyear , from the Toy Story animated movies Buzzbee, official mascot of the breakfast cereal Honey Nut Cheerios Buzz, from the Donkey Kong video game Donkey Kong video game series Buzz Buzz, from the Super Nintendo game EarthBound Characters EarthBound Buzz, a Neopets Neopets Neopet from an online virtual pet site Buzz McCallister, from the Home Alone movie trilogy Buzz Buzzard, nemesis of Woody Woodpecker Music Buzz band , a Korean pop punk rock band Da Buzz , a Swedish pop music group Buzz Steps album Buzz Steps album , a 2000 album by British pop group Steps Buzz Keller Williams album Buzz Keller Williams album , a 1996 album Buzz Guardian album Buzz Guardian album , a 1995 album from Christian rock band Guardian Entertainment Buzz DC Thomson Buzz DC Thomson , a British comic that ran in the 1970s Buzz TV series Buzz TV series , a Canadian comedy television series Buzz film Buzz film , a 1998 Israeli film by Eli Cohen Buzz , a series of quiz video games Technology Jeskola Buzz , a modular software music studio environment Aeroelasticity , instability Fluid instabilities fluid instability , or Aeroelasticity Flutter flutter Buzz , a series of quiz video games Yahoo Buzz , a community launched by Yahoo that publishes user posted news stories Google Buzz , a social update mechanism integrated into various Google products Other uses Buzz airline , a discount airline formerly operating in Europe Buzz cu ... more details
Infobox scientist name Murray H. Protter image Murray Protter.jpeg image size 225px caption Murray Protter in 1982 photo by George Bergman birth date birth date 1918 02 13 mf y birth place Brooklyn, New York death date death date and age 2008 05 01 1918 02 13 mf y death place Berkeley, California nationality flag USA name American fields Mathematics workplaces University of California, Berkeley alma mater Brown University doctoral advisor Lipman Bers doctoral students George Cosner br Milton Lees br Hajimu Ogawa known for awards Murray Harold Protter February 13, 1918 May 1, 2008 was an American mathematician and educator, known for his contributions to the theory of partial differential equations , as well as his well selling textbooks in Calculus . ref http berkeley.edu news media releases 2008 06 02 protterobit.shtml obituary from University of California, Berkeley . ref Protter earned a Master of Science M.Sc. in mathematics at University of Michigan 1937 and a Ph.D. at Brown University on a thesis entitled Generalized Spherical Harmonics advised by Lipman Bers 1946 . ref MathGenealogy id 4336 ref During the World War II era, he studied the aeroelasticity and Aeroelasticity Flutter flutter of military air planes at the Vought aircraft company in Stratford, Connecticut 1943&ndash 45 . Since his graduation, he worked as assistant professor at Syracuse University 1947&ndash 51 , was a researcher at Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey Princeton 1951&ndash 53 and at University of California at Berkeley 1953&ndash 88 where he also was the chairman 1962&ndash 65 . He also was the Miller Research Professor 1959, 1967 and executive director of the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science 1981&ndash 83 . He was the father of operations researcher Philip Protter . Protter developed self paced learning of mathematics. For American Mathematical Society he was a long time member 1941&ndash serving as treasurer 1968&ndash 72 and editing editor of the bo ... more details
engineer for Republic Aviation in New York, where he served as Chief of Aeroelasticity during ... this time, his energy was devoted to research in aeronautics and aeroelasticity , and he published Aircraft ... and aeroelasticity of extensive structures like skyscrapers, bridges, and cooling towers. Along with former ... to analyze the aeroelasticity of bridges under wind loading, advances in the analysis of vortex induced ... more details
File Kitan Strait 1.png thumb right 300px The Kitan Strait, separating Awaji Island from Honsh The nihongo Kitan Strait Kitan kaiky separates Awaji Island from Wakayama, Wakayama Wakayama , Wakayama Prefecture , Japan . The total width is 11 km, but the islands of Tomogashima reduce the distance to be spanned by a proposed bridge. ref cite book url http books.google.co.uk books?id 3tGWLabecNwC&pg PA66&lpg PA66&dq kitan strait&source bl&ots JPN4beA09C&sig 9ZTIVV3LapYy tTV3RBeab kbw4&hl en&sa X&ei MlYpT utN8Kz8QOpoOW6Aw&ved 0CEkQ6AEwBQ v onepage&q kitan 20strait&f false title Bridge Aeroelasticity Sensitivity Analysis and Optimum Design author Jurado, J. et al. publisher WIT Press year 2011 page 66 ref Interesting claim re Awaji how reliable is this source? ref cite book url http www.crcnetbase.com doi abs 10.1201 NOE9058096043.ch173 title Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials chapter Chapter 173 Compression characteristics of stiff clay to support a bridge foundation evaluated by field and laboratory tests pages 1363ff editor Di Benedetto, Herv publisher Taylor & Francis year 2003 ISBN 978 90 5809 604 3 ref The strait forms part of the Setonaikai National Park . ref cite web url http www.env.go.jp park setonaikai intro files area 1.pdf title Setonaikai National Park Map 1 publisher Ministry of the Environment Japan Ministry of the Environment accessdate 1 February 2012 ref See also Akashi Kaiky Bridge Akashi Strait References Reflist coord missing Wakayama Prefecture Category Straits of Japan Category Geography of Wakayama Prefecture fr D troit de Kitan ja ... more details
This article is a part of Wikipedia WikiProject Aircraft . Please see Wikipedia WikiProject Aircraft page content for recommended layout. Infobox Aircraft Begin name BH 19 image caption Infobox Aircraft Type type Fighter manufacturer Avia designer Pavel Bene and Miroslav Hajn first flight 1924 introduced retired status primary user more users produced number built 2 variants with their own articles NOTOC The Avia BH 19 was a fighter aircraft built in Czechoslovakia in 1924. It was a low wing braced monoplane derived from the Avia BH 3 and reflected its designers ongoing belief that the monoplane configuration was the most suitable for a fighter aircraft. Initial trials revealed excellent performance, but also displayed control problems and Aeroelasticity Dynamic aeroelasticity Flutter aileron flutter . Nevertheless, the Czech Army were sufficiently impressed to tell Avia that it would order the BH 19 if the problems could be rectified. The first prototype was destroyed in a crash during speed trials, and the second prototype revealed no better handling than its predecessor. At this point, the Czechoslovakian War Ministry stepped in and asked Avia to cease its attempts to develop a monoplane fighter. Development Operational history Variants Aircraft markings Units using this aircraft Operators choose Specifications aerospecs met or eng? eng for US UK aircraft, met for all others met crew one pilot capacity length m 7.37 length ft 24 length in 2 span m 10.80 span ft 35 span in 5 dia m helicopters dia ft helicopters dia in helicopters height m height ft height in wing area sqm 18.3 wing area sqft 197 rot area sqm helicopters rot area sqft helicopters aspect ratio sailplanes empty weight kg 792 empty weight lb 1,746 gross weight kg 1,155 gross weight lb 2,546 eng1 number 1 eng1 type koda Works Skoda built Hispano Suiza 8 Fb Vee 8 eng1 kw prop engines 230 eng1 hp prop engines 310 eng1 kn jet rocket engines eng1 lbf jet rocket engines eng1 kn ab afterburners eng1 lbf ab ... more details
title Aeroelasticity author1 Raymond L. Bisplinghoff author2 Holt Ashley author3 Robert L. Halfman ... E.C. Pike Ed. title Manual on Aeroelasticity. Subject and author index Page 13. Citation url http ... more details
loads test Aeroelasticity and controls An aircraft maneuvers by deploying flight control surfaces ..., enough to cause the entire wing to flex, an effect known as aeroelasticity . Since the control ... for the loss of control due to aeroelasticity. However, this simply hides the problem the aeroelasticity ... loads on the aircraft. AAW developed from the simple observation that the aeroelasticity can be offset ... related similar aircraft lists see also Aeroelasticity Parker Variable Wing Adaptive Compliant ... more details
Infobox scientist name Charbel Farhat image Charbel farhat.png residence United States U.S. nationality United States American field Acoustics br Aeroelasticity br Computational mechanics br High Performance Computing High performance computing work institutions Stanford University alma mater University of California, Berkeley known for CFD on moving grids br Computational mechanics , FETI FETI, FETI DP br Fluid structure interaction br Parallel processing Charbel Farhat is the Vivian Church Hoff Professor of Aircraft Structures in the School of Engineering at Stanford University, where he is also Chairman of the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Professor in the Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, and Director of the Army High Performance Computing Research Center. He also serves on the United States Bureau of Industry and Security s Emerging Technology and Research Advisory Committee ETRAC at the United States Department of Commerce, and on the technical assessment boards of several national and international research councils and foundations. Farhat is listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Engineering by the ISI Web of Knowledge , Thomson Scientific Company. For his lasting contributions to aeroelasticity , CFD on moving grids, Acoustics computational acoustics , computational mechanics , and high performance computing , Farhat has received numerous awards and academic distinctions. He is a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the World Innovation Foundation, the International Association of Computational Mechanics, the US Association of Computational Mechanics, and the Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics. He is also an Editor of the International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, and the International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids. Career Farhat began his career at the University of Colo ... more details
In electronics and communication , flutter is the rapid wikt variation variation of Signalling telecommunication signal parameters, such as amplitude , Phase waves phase , and frequency . Examples of electronic flutter are Rapid variations in received signal levels, such as variations that may be caused by atmospheric disturbances, antenna electronics antenna movements in a high wind, or interaction with other signals. In radio propagation , a phenomenon in which nearly all radio signals that are usually reflected by ionospheric layer s in or above the E region experience partial or complete Absorption electromagnetic radiation absorption . In radio transmission telecommunications transmission , rapidly changing signal levels, together with variable Multipath propagation multipath time delay s, caused by Reflection physics reflection and possible partial absorption of the signal by aircraft flying through the radio beam or common scatter volume. The variation in the transmission characteristics of a loaded telephone line caused by the action of telegraph direct currents on the loading coils. In recording and reproducing equipment, the deviation of frequency caused by irregular mechanical motion, e.g., that of Capstan tape recorder capstan angular velocity in a tape transport mechanism, during operation. Aeroelastic In the field of mechanics and structures, Aeroelastic flutter is an Aeroelasticity aeroelastic phenomenon where a body s own aerodynamic forces couple with its natural frequency natural mode of vibration to produce rapid periodic motion . Aeroelastic flutter occurs under steady flow conditions, when a structure s aerodynamic forces are affected by and in turn affect the movement of the structure. This sets up a positive feedback loop exciting the structure s Vibration Types of vibration free vibration . Flutter is self starting and results in large amplitude vibration which often lead to rapid failure. The aerodynamic conditions required for flutter vary ... more details
An adaptive compliant wing is a wing which is flexible so that aspects of its shape can be changed in flight. ref cite web url http www.flxsys.com aerospace.shtml title FlexSys Inc. Aerospace accessdate 26 April 2011 ref ref cite web url http www.flxsys.com pdf NATO Conf Paper KOTA.pdf title Mission Adaptive Compliant Wing Design, Fabrication and Flight Test first Sridhar last Kota first2 Russell last2 Osborn first3 Gregory last3 Ervin first4 Dragan last4 Maric first5 Peter last5 Flick first6 Donald last6 Paul publisher FlexSys Inc., Air Force Research Laboratory location Ann Arbor, MI Dayton, OH, U.S.A. accessdate 26 April 2011 ref An adaptive compliant wing designed by FlexSys Inc. features a variable camber aerodynamics camber trailing edge which can be deflected up to 10 , so that it acts like a flap aircraft flap equipped wing, but without the individual segments and gaps typical in a flap system. The wing itself can be twisted up to 1 per foot of span. The wing s shape can be changed at a rate of 30 per second, which is ideal for gust load alleviation. The development of the adaptive compliant wing is being sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory . Initially, the wing was tested in a wind tunnel , and then a 50 inch section of wing was flight tested on board the Scaled Composites White Knight research aircraft in a seven flight, 20 hour program operated from the Mojave Spaceport . ref citation last Scott first William B. title Morphing Wings newspaper Aviation Week & Space Technology date 27 November 2006 url http www.aviationweek.com aw ref Control methods are proposed. ref Citation inventor last Lewis inventor first George E. inventor2 last Thomasson inventor2 first Robert E. inventor3 last Nelson inventor3 first David W. publication date 6 February 1990 issue date title Wing lift drag optimizing system country code US description patent number 4899284 ref References Reflist See also Aeroelasticity X 53 Active Aeroelastic Wing Parker Variable Win ... more details
notability date March 2008 Carlos A. Felippa is a professor of Aerospace Engineering Sciences at the University of Colorado at Boulder University of Colorado . His research at Colorado concerns aerospace structures and structural analysis , with special interests in coupled field problems elastoacoustics, aeroelasticity , control structure interaction, thermomechanics and electrothermomechanics. Biography Professor Felippa studied civil engineering at the Universidad Nacional de C rdoba Ing. Civ. 1963 and the University of California, Berkeley M.S. 1964 and Ph.D. 1966 . After working at Boeing and Lockheed Corporation Lockheed , he took a position at the University of Colorado in 1986, where from 1989 to 1991 he directed the Center for Space Structures and Controls. Selected publications Professor Felippa has over 150 publications in refereed journals, conference proceedings, and book chapters. C. A. Felippa and K. C. Park, A direct flexibility method, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering , 149, 319 337, 1997. C. A. Felippa, Recent Developments in Parametrized Variational Principles for Mechanics, Computational Mechanics , 18, No. 3, 159 174, 1996. C. A. Felippa, L. A. Crivelli and B. Haugen, A Survey of the Core Congruential Formulation for Nonlinear Finite Elements, Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering , 1, pp. 1 48, 1994. C. A. Felippa, Parametrized Variational Principles and Applications, Science and Perspectives in Mechanics , ed. by B. Nayroles, J. Etay and D. Renouard, ENS Grenoble, Grenoble, France, 1994, pp. 1 42. K. C. Park and C. A. Felippa, Partitioned Analysis of Coupled Systems, Chapter 3 in Computational Methods for Transient Analysis , T. Belytschko and T. J. R. Hughes, eds., North Holland, Amsterdam New York, 1983. References http www.colorado.edu engineering CAS Felippa.d FelippaHome.d Felippa.Fullvita.pdf www.colorado.edu engineering CAS Felippa.d FelippaHome.d Felippa.Fullvita.pdf reflist Persondata Metadata ... more details
Infobox journal title Journal of Vibration and Control cover File Journal of Vibration and Control.jpg editor Ali Nayfeh discipline Physics peer reviewed language former names Incorporates 1993 1996 Modal Analysis United States 1066 0763 Which was formerly 1986 1992 The International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis United States 0886 9367 abbreviation J. of Vib. and Control publisher SAGE Publications country frequency 14 Times Year history 1995 present openaccess license impact 0.863 impact year 2010 website http www.sagepub.com journalsProdDesc.nav?prodId Journal201401 link1 http jvc.sagepub.com content current link1 name Online access link2 http jvc.sagepub.com content by year link2 name Online archive JSTOR OCLC 30832327 LCCN 95660075 CODEN JVCOFX ISSN 1077 5463 eISSN 1741 2986 boxwidth Journal of Vibration and Control is a Peer review peer reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of Acoustics . The journal s editor in chief editor is Ali Nayfeh Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University . It has been in publication since 1995 and is currently published by SAGE Publications . Scope Journal of Vibration and Control contains analytical, computational and experimental studies of vibration phenomena and their control. The journal covers all linear and nonlinear vibration phenomena as well as topics such as vibration and control of structures and machinery and signal analysis and aeroelasticity. Journal of Vibration and Control contains contributions, review articles, tutorials and letters that are published based on analytical, computational, and experimental analysis. Abstracting and indexing Journal of Vibration and Control is abstracted and indexed in, among other databases SCOPUS , and the Social Sciences Citation Index . According to the Journal Citation Reports , its 2010 impact factor is 0.863, ranking it 16 out of 29 journals in the category Acoustics . ref name WoS cite book year 2011 chapter Journals Ranke ... more details
Infobox company name Aerospace, Transportation and Advanced Systems Laboratory logo File GTRI ATAS Logo.png center 300px GTRI ATAS logo alt The words Georgia Tech in black to the left of a stylized campanile, and the words Research Institute in outline to the right of the stylized campanile. The words Aerospace, Transportation, and Advanced Systems Laboratory are written below the right side of the image. type Not for profit corporation Nonprofit genre foundation founder defunct location city Atlanta, Georgia location country USA location locations area served key people Rusty Roberts br small Laboratory Director small industry Aerospace systems, power and energy systems, threat systems products production services revenue operating income net income aum assets equity owner num employees parent Georgia Tech Research Institute divisions subsid homepage http www.gtri.gatech.edu atas www.gtri.gatech.edu atas footnotes intl The Aerospace, Transportation and Advanced Systems Laboratory ATAS is one of eight labs in the Georgia Tech Research Institute . ATAS develops advanced systems concepts and performs research related to aerospace systems, power and energy systems, threat systems, intelligent autonomous system s, and systems engineering methodologies. The lab also develops advanced technologies and performs research in a range of areas relevant to aerospace and ground transportation as well as to national defense. Research areas Current contracts include work in aerodynamics and flow control, aeroacoustics , computational aeroelasticity , wind tunnel testing, aircraft structural analysis, rotorcraft, artificial intelligence intelligent systems , fuel cell and battery technologies, smart small scale projectiles, embedded computing, unmanned aerial vehicle s, and flight stability and control. The lab also performs Applied research Applied research applied research and development of radar related technologies in support of national defense preparedness. The lab s prototy ... more details
Infobox Aircraft Begin name PZL I 22 image Image Iryda NTW 11 93.jpg caption PZL I 22 M93K Infobox Aircraft Type type Jet Trainer manufacturer PZL Mielec designer first flight 3 March 1985 introduction 22 December 1992 retired 1996 primary user Polish Air Force more users number built 17 including prototypes status Retired unit cost variants with their own articles PZL I 22 Iryda , PZL M93 Iryda , PZL M96 Iryda , was a twin engine, two seat Polish military jet trainer aircraft. Development In 1976, a program to develop a new jet trainer for the Polish Air Force started at the Institute of Aeronautics Polish Instytut Lotnictwa to replace the TS 11 Iskra . The Iryda was designed in PZL Mielec then WSK Mielec . The first prototype was flown on March 3, 1985. The project was finally canceled in the 1990s due to problems and a lack of funding. Another reason was a crash of the pre production series aircraft, even though the cause of accident was exceeding of the performance limits during forced Aeroelasticity Flutter flutter tests. Operators POL Polish Air Force . 8 aircraft 1992 1996 Specifications M93K Image PZL I 22 Iryda.jpg thumb PZL I 22 Iryda aircraft specifications if you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at Wikipedia talk WikiProject Aircraft please answer the following questions plane or copter? plane jet or prop? jet Now, fill out the specs. Please include units where appropriate main comes first, alt in parentheses . If an item doesn t apply, like capacity, leave it blank. For additional lines, end your alt units with li and start a new, fully formatted line with li ref Instytut Lotnictwa ref name ILot cite web url http www.ilot.edu.pl STRPOL info osiagniecia iryda p.htm author Instytut Lotnictwa title Samolot szkolno bojowy I 22 Iryda work Nasze osi gniecia accessdate 2006 07 12 year 2006 07 12 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20060715192000 http www.ilot.edu.pl STRPOL info osiagniecia iryda p.htm Bot retrieved archive archivedate 200 ... more details
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