Refimprove type bacteria date December 2009 Taxobox image Aeromonas hydrophila.jpg image caption Aeromonas ... May 2010 ordo Aeromonadales familia Aeromonadaceae genus Aeromonas genus authority Stanier 1943 type strain Aeromonas hydrophila subdivision ranks Species subdivision Aeromonas aquariorum A. aquariorum br Aeromonas allosaccharophila A. allosaccharophila br Aeromonas bestiarum A. bestiarum br Aeromonas bivalvium A. bivalvium br Aeromonas culicicola A. culicicola br Aeromonas encheleia A. encheleia br Aeromonas enteropelogenes A. enteropelogenes br Aeromonas euchrenophila A. euchrenophila br Aeromonas fluvialis A. fluvialis br Aeromonas hydrophila A. hydrophila br Aeromonas ichthiosmia A. ichthiosmia br Aeromonas jandaei A. jandaei br Aeromonas media A. media br Aeromonas molluscorum A. molluscorum br Aeromonas piscicola A. piscicola br Aeromonas popoffii A. popoffii br Aeromonas punctata A. punctata br Aeromonas rivuli A. rivuli br Aeromonas salmonicida A. salmonicida br Aeromonas sanarellii A. sanarellii br Aeromonas schubertii A. schubertii br Aeromonas sharmana A. sharmana br Aeromonas simiae A. simiae br Aeromonas sobria A. sobria br Aeromonas taiwanensis A.taiwanensis br Aeromonas tecta A. tecta br Aeromonas trota A. trota br Aeromonas veronii A. veronii br Aeromonas is a gram ... members of the family Enterobacteriaceae . Fourteen species of Aeromonas have been described, most of which have been associated with human diseases. The most important pathogens are Aeromonas hydrophila A. hydrophila , Aeromonas caviae A. caviae , and Aeromonas veronii A. veronii biovar sobria. The organisms ... title Phylogenetic interrelationships of members of the genera Aeromonas and Plesiomonas as determined ... diseases associated with Aeromonas are gastroenteritis and wound infections, with or without bacteremia ... role is unknown. Aeromonas species cause opportunistic systemic disease in Immunodeficiency immunocompromised ... meningoseptica may be mistaken as Aeromonas salmonicida . Leech es have been implicated in the transmission ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Aeromonas punctata image domain Bacteria regnum Proteobacteria phylum Gammaproteobacteria classis Aeromonadales genus Aeromonas binomial Aeromonas punctata binomial authority Zimmermann 1890 br Snieszko 1957 synonyms Bacillus punctatus small Zimmermann 1890 small br Pseudomonas punctata small Zimmermann 1890 Chester 1901 small Aeromonas punctata is a Gram negative soil bacterium . Category Proteobacteria Proteobacteria stub Found also to infect fish IE Danio rerio and is one of few bacteria which cause dropsy. cs Aeromonas punctata es Aeromonas punctata ... more details
italic title Cleanup date August 2008 Taxobox color lightgrey name Aeromonas hydrophila image Aeromonas ... genus Aeromonas species A. hydrophila binomial Aeromonas hydrophila binomial authority Chester ... small Chester 1901 Breed et al. 1948 small Aeromonas hydrophila is a heterotrophic , Gram negative ... in fresh, salt, marine, estuarine, chlorinated, and un chlorinated water. Aeromonas hydrophila can ... digest materials such as gelatin , and hemoglobin . Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from humans and animals in the 1950s. This bacterium is the most well known of the six species of Aeromonas. It is also highly resistant to multiple medications, chlorine, and cold temperatures. Structure Aeromonas ... from .3 to 1 micrometer in width, and 1 to 3 micrometers in length. Aeromonas hydrophila does not form ... by a polar flagella . Pathology Because of Aeromonas hydrophila s structure, it is very toxic to many ... damage. Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae , and Aeromonas sobria are all considered to be opportunistic pathogens, meaning they rarely infect healthy individuals. Aeromonas hydrophila is widely ... abstract 36 5 731 Prevalence and distribution of Aeromonas hydrophila in the United States ref , and its ... cgi content abstract 21 6 909 Clinical and microbiological features of Aeromonas hydrophila associated diarrhea ref . Pathogenic mechanism It was believed that the pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp ..., hemolysins and enterotoxins. However the pathogenic mechanisms of Aeromonas spp. are unknown. The recently proposed type III secretion system TTSS has been linked to Aeromonas pathogenesis ... in Aeromonas hydrophila human diarrhoeal isolate , Aeromonas salmonicida fish pathogen and Aeromonas ... Aeromonas hydrophila infections occur most during environmental changes, stressor s, change ... and amphibians Aeromonas hydrophila is associated with diseases mainly found in fish and amphibians ... red leg, which causes internal, sometimes fatal hemorrhaging. When infected with Aeromonas hydrophila ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Aeromonas veronii regnum Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Aeromonadales familia Aeromonadaceae genus Aeromonas species A. veronii binomial Aeromonas veronii binomial authority Hickman Brenner et al. , 1987 Aeromonas veronii is a Gram negative bacteria Gram negative , Bacillus shape rod shaped bacterium found in fresh water and in association with animals. ref cite journal author F. W. Hickman Brenner, K. L. MacDonald, A. G. Steigerwalt, G. R. Fanning, D. J. Brenner & J. J. Farmer III year 1988 title Aeromonas veronii , a new ornithine decarboxylase positive species that may cause diarrhea journal Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 25 issue 5 pages 900 906 pmc 266114 pmid 3584425 url http jcm.asm.org cgi content abstract 25 5 900 ref It can be a pathogen of humans and a beneficial symbiont of leech es. In humans A. veronii can cause diseases ranging from wound infections and diarrhea to septicemia in Immunodeficiency immunocompromised patients . In leeches, this bacterium is thought to function in the digestion of blood, provision of nutrients or preventing other bacteria from growing. References reflist Gram negative proteobacterial diseases DEFAULTSORT Aeromonas Veronii Category Proteobacteria Category Bacteria described in 1987 Proteobacteria stub es Aeromonas veronii ... more details
Aeromonas infections may cause skin infections manifesting as cellulitis , pustule s, and furuncle s. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 279 See also Chromobacteriosis infection Skin lesion Aeromonas References reflist Cutaneous infection stub Gram negative proteobacterial diseases Category Bacterium related cutaneous conditions ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Aeromonas salmonicida image ASalmonicida.png domain Bacteria regnum Proteobacteria phylum Gammaproteobacteria classis Aeromonadales genus Aeromonas species A. salmonicida subspecies A. salmonicida binomial Aeromonas salmonicida binomial authority Lehmann and Neumann ... Aeromonas salmonicida is a pathogenic bacterium that severely impacts salmonid populations and other ... productadditional 127 113308.aspx. publisher Merck accessdate 2011 06 11 ref Aeromonas salmonicida ... Characteristics br Aeromonas salmonicida is a gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non ... glucose, is catalase, and cytochrome oxidase positive. Aeromonas salmonicida s molecular properties ... Homogeneity of Aeromonas salmonicida Lipopolysaccharide. Journal of Bacteriology . 158 1 , 16 22 ... O antigen . The extracellular products of Aeromonas salmonicida consists of 25 proteins, enzymes ..., Curtis B, Boyd J, & Bouevitch A. 2008 . The genome of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449 ... assay results. Cell Structure and Metabolism br Aeromonas salmonicida is a facultative anaerobe which ... Halibut Epizootiology br Aeromonas salmonicida is an airborne pathogen that can travel 104 cm from ..., Aeromonas salmonicida concentrations were considerably elevated in water with low dissolved .... 1990. Biochemical identification of Aeromonas genospecies isolated from humans. Journal of Clinical .... br 3. Bullock & Stuckly H. 1975 . Aeromonas salmonicida detection of asymptomatically infected trout ... . Structural and Immunochemical Homogeneity of Aeromonas salmonicida Lipopolysaccharide. Journal of Bacteriology ... J, & Trust T. 1981 . Loss of Virulence During Culture of Aeromonas salmonicida at High Temperature ... Aeromonas salmonicida . Aquatic Microbiology . 299 324. br 9. Merck Animal Health. 2009 . The Disease ... of Aeromonas salmonicida strains kept in river sediments. Annual Rech Veterinary . 11, 375 386. br 11. Mooney J, Powell E, Clabby C, & Powell R. 1995 . Detection of Aeromonas salmonicida ... more details
Taxobox virus group i ordo Caudovirales familia Myoviridae genus T4 like viruses subdivision ranks Species subdivision Acinetobacter phage 133 Aeromonas phage 25 Aeromonas phage 44RR2.8t Aeromonas phage 65 Aeromonas phage Aeh1 Aeromonas phage AS4 Enterobacteria phage SV14 Enterobacteria phage T4 Pseudomonas phage 42 Vibrio phage nt 1 T4 like viruses are a family of bacteriophages. ref http www.eol.org Encyclopedia of Life ref References references DEFAULTSORT T4 Like Viruses Category Bacteriophages Category Caudovirales Virus stub ... more details
Unreferenced type bacteria date December 2009 Taxobox color lightgrey name Aeromonadales image Aeromonas hydrophila.jpg image caption Aeromonas hydrophila regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Aeromonadales subdivision ranks Families subdivision Aeromonadaceae br Succinivibrionaceae The Aeromonadales are an order of Proteobacteria , with six genera in two families. Category Proteobacteria Proteobacteria stub de Aeromonadales es Aeromonadales fr Aeromonas ... more details
Unreferenced type bacteria date December 2009 Taxobox color lightgrey name Aeromonadaceae image Aeromonas hydrophila.jpg image caption Aeromonas hydrophila regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Aeromonadales familia Aeromonadaceae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Aeromonas br Tolumonas The Aeromonadaceae are Gram negative soil bacteria . http www.bacterio.cict.fr a aeromonadaceae.html Aeromonadaceae Citation Category Proteobacteria Proteobacteria stub es Aeromonadaceae ... more details
Chromobacteriosis infections are a cutaneous condition caused by chromobacteria characterized by fluctuating abscesses. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 279 See also Aeromonas infection Skin lesion References reflist Cutaneous infection stub Gram negative proteobacterial diseases Category Bacterium related cutaneous conditions ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Plesiomonas shigelloides regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriales familia Plesiomonaceae genus Plesiomonas genus authority corrig. Habs and Schubert 1962 species P. shigelloides binomial Plesiomonas shigelloides binomial authority corrig. Bader 1954 br Habs and Schubert 1962 synonyms Pseudomonas shigelloides small Bader 1954 small br Aeromonas shigelloides small Bader 1954 Ewing et al. 1961 small br Fergusonia shigelloides small Bader 1954 Sebald and V ron 1963 small Plesiomonas shigelloides is a species of bacteria. ref name pmid11796731 cite journal author Niedziela T, Lukasiewicz J, Jachymek W, Dzieciatkowska M, Lugowski C, Kenne L title Core oligosaccharides of Plesiomonas shigelloides O54 H2 strain CNCTC 113 92 structural and serological analysis of the lipopolysaccharide core region, the O antigen biological repeating unit, and the linkage between them journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 277 issue 14 pages 11653 63 year 2002 month April pmid 11796731 doi 10.1074 jbc.M111885200 url http www.jbc.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 11796731 ref It is a Gram negative , rod shaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater , freshwater fish, and shellfish and from many types of animals including cattle, goats, swine, cats, dogs, monkeys, vultures, snakes, and toads. Infections from this organism cause gastroenteritis, followed by septicemia in immune deficient patients. It is placed among the Enterobacteriaceae . Some Plesiomonas strains share antigens with Shigella sonnei , and cross reactions with Shigella antisera occur. Plesiomonas can be distinguished from Shigella in diarrheal stools by an oxidase test Plesiomonas is oxidase positive and Shigella is oxidase negative. Plesiomonas is negative for DNAse this and other biochemical tests distinguish it from Aeromonas sp. References reflist medical microbiology by Jawetz,Melnick & Adelberg Category ... more details
Positive Bacteria Bacteria that test positive for cleaving indole from tryptophan include Aeromonas hydrophilia , Aeromonas punctata , Bacillus alvei , most Citrobacter sp., Edwardsiella sp., Escherichia ... results for the indole test include Actinobacillus spp., Aeromonas salmonicida , Alcaligenes sp., most ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Bald sea urchin disease is a bacteria l disease known to affect several species of sea urchin s on Mediterranean Sea , North Atlantic and California coastlines. Research suggests two pathogens are responsible for the disease, Listonella anguillarum and Aeromonas salmonicida . Infection generally occurs at the site of an existing physical injury. The affected area turns green and spines and other appendages are lost. If the lesion remains shallow and covers less than 30 of the animal s surface area, the animal tends to survive and eventually regenerates any lost tissue. However if the damage is more extensive or so deep that the hard inner test biology test is perforated, the disease is fatal. Affected species Allocentrotus fragilis Arbacia lixula Cidaris cidaris Echinus esculentus Paracentrotus lividus Psammechinus miliaris Sphaerechinus granularis Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis Strongylocentrotus franciscanus Strongylocentrotus purpuratus References cite journal url http www.int res.com articles dao 2 d002p147.pdf title Diseases of Echinodermata. I. Agents microorganisms and protistans journal Diseases of Aquatic Organisms volume 2 year 1987 author Michel Jangoux pages 147 162 doi 10.3354 dao002147 disease stub Category Animal diseases Category Echinoidea ... more details
Fluorescein labeled proaerolysin FLAER is a flow cytometric assay used to diagnose paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria PNH . ref name Brodsky cite journal author Brodsky, RA title How I treat paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. journal Blood volume 113 issue 26 pages 6522 7 year 2009 pmid 19372253 doi 10.1182 blood 2009 03 195966 url http bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org content 113 26 6522.long pmc 2710914 ref ref name parker2005 cite journal author Parker C, Omine M, Richards S, et al. title Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria journal Blood volume 106 issue 12 pages 3699 709 year 2005 pmid 16051736 doi 10.1182 blood 2005 04 1717 url http bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org cgi content full 106 12 3699 pmc 1895106 ref The assay takes advantage of the action of proaerolysin, a prototoxin of aerolysin , a virulence factor of the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila . Proaerolysin binds to the glycophosphatidylinositol GPI anchor in the plasma membrane of cells. Cells affected by PNH lack GPI anchoring proteins, and thus are not bound by proaerolysin. Of note, normal erythrocytes and platelets cannot be used to evaluate for expression of GPI anchoring proteins. ref name Brodsky References reflist 2 Category Blood tests ... more details
Viable but nonculturable VBNC bacteria refers to bacteria that are in a state of very low metabolic activity and do not divide, but are alive and have the ability to become culturable once resuscitated. ref name Oliver cite journal author Oliver JD title The viable but nonculturable state in bacteria journal The Journal of Microbiology volume 43 issue special issue No. S pages 93 100 year 2005 month February pmid 15765062 pmc doi ref Bacteria in a VBNC state cannot grow on standard Growth medium growth media , though flow cytometry can measure the viability of the bacteria. ref name Oliver Bacteria can enter the VBNC state as a response to Stress biology stress , due to adverse nutrient , temperature , Osmosis osmotic , oxygen , and light conditions. ref name Oliver The cells that are in the VBNC state are morphologically smaller, and demonstrate reduced nutrient transport, rate of respiration, and synthesis of macromolecules. ref name Oliver Sometimes, VBNC bacteria can remain in that state for over a year. ref name Oliver It has been shown that numerous pathogens and non pathogens can enter the VBNC state, and therefore it has significant implications in pathogenesis , bioremediation , and other branches of microbiology . ref name Oliver VBNC Pathogens The following is a list of pathogenic bacteria that can enter a VBNC state ref name Oliver 2010 Cite journal last1 Oliver first1 JD. title Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria. journal FEMS Microbiol Rev volume 34 issue 4 pages 415 25 month Jul year 2010 doi 10.1111 j.1574 6976.2009.00200.x PMID 20059548 ref div style moz column count 3 column count 3 Aeromonas hydrophila Aeromonas salmonicida Agrobacterium tumefaciens Burkholderia cepacia Burkholderia pseudomallei Campylobacter coli Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter lari Cytophaga allerginae Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus hirae Enterococcus faecium Erwinia amylovora Escherichia ... more details
enzyme Name mannuronate reductase EC number 1.1.1.131 CAS number 37250 62 7 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 131 GO code 0050090 image width caption In enzymology , a mannuronate reductase EC number 1.1.1.131 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D mannonate NAD P math rightleftharpoons math D mannuronate NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are D mannonate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are D mannuronate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D mannonate NAD P 6 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include mannonate dehydrogenase , mannonate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , phosphate dehydrogenase , mannonate dehydrogenase , mannuronate reductase , mannonate dehydrogenase NAD P , D mannonate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate , and oxidoreductase D mannuronate forming . References reflist 1 cite journal author Farmer JJ 3rd Eagon RG date 1969 title Aldohexuronic acid catabolism by a soil Aeromonas journal J. Bacteriol. volume 97 pages 97 106 pmid 4388117 issue 1 pmc 249554 1.1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Mannuronato reduttasi ja ... more details
Ice ice is a disease condition of seaweed . Ice ice is caused when changes in salinity , Sea surface temperature ocean temperature , and light intensity cause stress to seaweeds, making them produce a moist organic substance that attracts bacteria in the water and induces the characteristic whitening and hardening of the seaweed s tissues. ref name dost http sntpost.stii.dost.gov.ph frames jantomar04 pg27b.htm DOST.gov.ph ref Bacteria involved include those in the Vibrio Aeromonas and Cytophaga Flavobacteria complexes. ref name hurtado Hurtado, A. J., et al. 2006 . http books.google.com books?id blf6JuQJqicC&pg PA75&lpg PA75&dq ice ice seaweed&source bl&ots 291lbv wZh&sig 54Jb8Iq QUmzlSK KUrqvGIyvR4&hl en&ei sBrzSsrvL4y4MKDW OgF&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 8&ved 0CBgQ6AEwBw v onepage&q ice 20ice 20seaweed&f false Occurrence of Polysiphonia epiphytes in Kappaphycus farms at Calaguas Is., Camarines Norte, Philippines. Journal of Applied Phycology 18 301 06. ref The bacteria lysis lyse epidermis skin epidermal cells and chloroplast s, turning the seaweed tissue white. ref name hurtado The disease is known from seaweeds including Kappaphycus cottonii Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum , economically important sources of carrageenan . ref name hurtado ref Largo, D. B., et al. 1995 . Laboratory induced development of the ice ice disease of the farmed red algae Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum Solieriaceae, Gigartinales, Rhodophyta . Journal of Applied Phycology . 7 6. ref In countries where seaweed is harvested as a crop, ice ice can wreak havoc on yields. Zamboanga Peninsula Zamboanga , Philippines, had an outbreak of ice ice in 2004, ref name dost while Bali , Indonesia, is experiencing an outbreak in 2009. ref http www.thejakartapost.com news 2009 10 28 rising sea temperatures bad news seaweed farmers.html JakartaPost Rising sea temperatures bad news for seaweed farmers ref A rise in surface sea temperatures of 2 3 degrees Celsius c ... more details
with broad spectrum antibiotic therapy, because several bacteria, including AeromonasAeromonas ... ones. However unlike many other Aeromonas species like Aeromonas hydrophilia , Aeromonas punctata ... more details
Aeromonas liquefacians ref cite journal last1 Willard W. first1 Dean last2 Albert R. first2 Mead last3 William T. first3 Northey year 1970 title Aeromonas liquefaciens in the giant African ... more details
enzyme Name tryptophanase EC number 4.1.99.1 CAS number 9024 00 4 IUBMB EC number 4 1 99 1 GO code 0009034 image width caption In enzymology , a tryptophanase EC number 4.1.99.1 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction L tryptophan H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math indole pyruvate NH sub 3 sub Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are L tryptophan and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are indole , pyruvate , and ammonia NH sub 3 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically in the catch all class of carbon carbon lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L tryptophan indole lyase deaminating pyruvate forming . Other names in common use include L tryptophanase , and L tryptophan indole lyase deaminating . This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism and nitrogen metabolism . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors pyridoxal phosphate , and Potassium . Structural studies As of late 2007, 3 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1AX4 , PDB link 2C44 , and PDB link 2OQX . References reflist 1 cite journal author BURNS RO, DEMOSS RD date 1962 title Properties of tryptophanase from Escherichia coli journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 65 pages 233&ndash 44 pmid 14017164 doi 10.1016 0006 3002 62 91042 9 issue 2 cite journal author Cowell JL, Maser K and DeMoss, RD date 1973 title Tryptophanase from Aeromonas liquifaciens. Purification, molecular weight and some chemical, catalytic and immunological properties journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 315 pages 449&ndash 463 cite journal author NEWTON WA, MORINO Y, SNELL EE date 1965 title PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE TRYPTOPHANASE journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 240 pages 1211&ndash 8 pmid 14284727 4.1 enzyme stub Carbon carbon lyases Category EC 4.1.99 Category Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes Category Potassium enzymes Category Enzym ... more details
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