For the earlier film IndependenceDay 1983 film Use mdy dates date October 2010 Infobox film name IndependenceDay image Independenceday movieposter.jpg caption Theatrical release poster director Roland ... ref name boxoffice http www.boxofficemojo.com movies ?id independenceday.htm IndependenceDay. Box ... dayIndependenceDay 1996 Synopsis Rotten tomatoes. Retrieved on September 25, 2007. br With a 71 ... url http www.boxofficemojo.com movies ?id independenceday.htm title IndependenceDay 1996 publisher Box Office Mojo accessdate February 5, 2009 ref IndependenceDay is a 1996 American Disaster film ... 4 the same date as the IndependenceDay United States IndependenceDay Federal holidays in the United ... cite news title IndependenceDay Explodes with Action, Aliens work Mercury News date July 2, 1996 ... for the role, ref name lat cite news author Kenneth Turan title IndependenceDay review publisher ... showreview.php3?ID 204 IndependenceDay 1996 digitallyobsessed.com . Retrieved .... owned the rights to the title IndependenceDay , and Devlin had hoped if Fox executives noticed the addition ... . ref http www.amazon.ca dp B00003Q43A IndependenceDay. amazon.ca . Retrieved on March 4, 2008 ... http bventertainment.go.com tv buenavista ebertandroeper index2.html?sec 6&subsec independenceday Ebert ... title IndependenceDay Review publisher Variety magazine Variety date July 1, 1996 url http www.variety.com ... After a six week, 30 million marketing campaign, IndependenceDay was released on VHS on November 22, 1996. ref http findarticles.com p articles mi hb4360 is 199609 ai n15228087 IndependenceDay blitz ... . ref http www.imdb.com title tt0116629 dvd B000O76T86 DVD details for IndependenceDay. IMDb . Retrieved ... www.imdb.com title tt0116629 alternateversions Alternate Versions of IndependenceDay ref Independence ... dp B000WBZZB6 IndependenceDay Blu ray Amazon UK Retrieved on July 6, 2008. ref and in North America on March 11, 2008. ref http www.blu ray.com movies movies.php?id 199 IndependenceDay ... more details
Infobox Holiday secular holiday name IndependenceDay br F te de l Ind pendance br F te tournante du 3 ao t br F te de l Arbre type National image caption observedby Niger date 3 August celebrations Festivals, Political addresses, Parades, Tree planting. relatedto IndependenceDay in the Niger Republic of Niger is commemorated on August 3, marking the nation s independence from France in 1960. Since 1975, it is also Arbor Day , as trees are planted across the nation to aid the fight against desertification. Importance of date August 3, 1960 is the date of formal, complete independence from France , while December 18, 1958 marks the founding of the Republic and creation of the President of Niger Presidency of the Republic of Niger , following the constitutional changes of the French Fifth Republic , and the elections of 4 December 1958 held across French Colonial Empire The French Colonial possessions . Nigeriens consider that date to be the founding of their national institutions. Between December 18, 1958 and August 3, 1960, Niger remained a semi autonomous Republic within the French Community . At the beginning of 1960 a revision of the French Community allowed membership of independent states, and on 28 July the Nigerien Legislative Assembly became the Nigerien National Assembly Independence was declared on 3 August 1960. Commemoration Since 1960, the 3rd has been a national festival. In 1975, the government began celebrating IndependenceDay, in part, through the coordinated mass planting of trees in order to fight desertification. ref name 2011editorial http www.lesahel.org index.php?option com content&view article&id 8004 editorial le culte de lexemple&catid 34 actualites&Itemid 53 Editorial le culte de l exemple . Saidou Daoura, Editor, le Sahel Niamey . 2011 08 01. ref The celebrations are also known as the F te de l Arbre . ref http www.french.xinhuanet.com french ... Public holidays in Niger Republic Day Niger 18 December References Reflist James Decalo. Historical ... more details
History of Lebanon modern The Lebanon Lebanese IndependenceDay , on November 22, 1943, is a national day celebrated in remembrance of the liberation from the French Mandate of Lebanon French Mandate which was exercised over Lebanese soil for over 23 years. Pre Independence period Image Al Hasani Nakkash 1941.jpg thumb left 200px Lebanese president Alfred Naqqache right pictured with President Taj al Din al Hasani of Syria. Both men were French appointees. When the Vichy government assumed power over France French territory in 1940, General Henri Fernand Dentz was appointed as high commissioner of Lebanon. This new turning point led to the resignation of Lebanese president Emile Edde on April 4, 1941. After 5 days, Dentz appointed Alfred Naccache for a presidency period that lasted only 3 months and ending with the surrender of the Vichy forces posted in Lebanon and Syria to the Free French and United Kingdom British troops. On July 14, 1941, an armistice was signed in Acre, Israel Acre ..., 1943 since then, this day has been celebrated as the Lebanese IndependenceDay. ref http www.lgic.org en history lebanon1516.php www.lgic.org , 1920 1943 Mandate Period and Independence. URL accessed on June 7, 2008. ref Post Independence period After the independence, the Lebanese state was founded ... to Lebanon, thus ending Vichy s control. Having the opportunity to discuss matters of sovereignty and independence ... recognize Lebanon s independence. After national and international pressure, General Georges Catroux a delegate general under de Gaulle proclaimed in the name of his government the Lebanese independence ... states , the Soviet Union , and certain Asia n countries recognized this independence, and some of them ... War II and Independence. ref File Bechara elkhoury.jpg right 150px thumb Bechara El Khoury Official ... with the West in return, the Muslim communities should protect the independence of Lebanon and prevent ... s Fight For Independence January 1944 Lebanon topics Category Lebanese culture Category National ... more details
About the 1983 film the 1996 film IndependenceDay film other uses IndependenceDay disambiguation infobox Film name IndependenceDay image caption writer Alice Hoffman starring Kathleen Quinlan br David Keith br Dianne Weist br Cliff DeYoung director Robert Mandel producer Robert Singer producer Robert Singer producer br Daniel H. Blatt producer written Alice Hoffman runtime 110 min. cinematography Charles Rosher Jr. music Charles Bernstein editing Tina Hirsch br Dennis Virkler released January 21, 1983 studio Warner Bros. Pictures distributor Warner Bros. Pictures country FilmUS language English budget gross 151,462 USA IndependenceDay is a 1983 in film 1983 film directed by Robert Mandel from a script by the novelist Alice Hoffman . It was designed by Stewart Campbell and shot by Charles Rosher. It stars Kathleen Quinlan , David Keith , Cliff DeYoung , Frances Sternhagen and Dianne Wiest . The film concerns the small town youth of a woman artist Kathleen Quinlan and her challenge to become what she s almost sure she could be. Her desperation takes the form of affectations and pretensions that are a little like those of the young Katharine Hepburn in Alice Adams film Alice Adams and the young Margaret Sullavan in The Shop around the Corner , but the Quinlan character has the talent driving her on past all that. ref Pauline Kael Kael, Pauline . State of the Art book State of the Art , pp.281 282. ISBN 0 7145 2869 2 ref Dianne Wiest plays a battered wife. The film was reviewed favorably by the critic Pauline Kael in her collection State of the Art book State of the Art Kathleen Quinlan plays the part of the woman artist with a cool, wire taut intensity, Robert Mandel keeps the whole cast interacting quietly and satisfyingly, Wiest has hold of an original character and plays her to the scary hilt. ref Kael, Pauline. State of the Art ref References reflist External links imdb title id 0085724 title IndependenceDay Robert Mandel Category 1983 films Category 1980s drama ... more details
Infobox VG title IndependenceDay image Image PS1indepenceday.jpg 250px IndependenceDay caption Cover of US version developer Radical Entertainment publisher Fox Interactive br Activision released vgrelease NA February 28, 1997 PAL 1997 genre Shooting game 3D Flying Shooter modes Single player br Multiplayer ratings Entertainment Software Rating Board ESRB T small later re edited to K A E small platforms PlayStation console PlayStation br Personal computer PC br Sega Saturn br Mobile game Mobile IndependenceDay is a 1997 video game based on the IndependenceDay film movie of the same name . It was released in 1997 for the PlayStation, PC, Sega Saturn, and Mobile. Gameplay The gameplay is a 3D flying, shooting game comprising 13 missions with time limits failure to complete a mission in the allotted time will result in failure. Once the main objective is completed, the timer will drop down to 45 seconds to take out the primary weapon. If the timer goes to 0, the primary weapon will destroy the level. The game also features portals that transport the player to another area by flying through them, these sub levels have their own separate objectives that must be completed before the player can return to the main level. At the start of each level the player has the ability to choose which aircraft they wish to fly the player also has a wingman that will fly the same type of plane as him . The player starts the game with the F A 18 Hornet , additional planes are unlocked mid level by flying through an icon representing them these planes are then available to fly the next time the player starts a level. The first 10 levels have at least one plane each, two if that level has a sublevel ... 4.5 5 PS1 GR 49 PS 53 PC 52 SAT 58 Mobile IndependenceDay received mostly negative reviews. GameSpot ... articles 151 151860p1.html IGN review for Playstation version ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT IndependenceDay Video Game Category 1997 video games Category Action video games Category Combat flight ... more details
No footnotes date April 2009 The IndependenceDay Derecho of 1977 was a derecho , or long lived windstorm associated with a fast moving band of thunderstorms, that occurred in the northern Great Plains of the U.S. on IndependenceDay United States July 4 , 1977. It lasted around 15 hours. The derecho formed in Minnesota around 10 a.m. CDT on July 4 and became more intense around noon in the central part of the state. The derecho produced winds of 80 100 mph 130 160 km h in northern Wisconsin felling thousands of trees in the northern part of the state. Wisconsin Image July 4, 1977 Derecho.jpg thumb right 350px Track of the IndependenceDay Derecho of 1977 As the storm raced through Burnett County, Wisconsin Burnett , Washburn County, Wisconsin Washburn , Sawyer County, Wisconsin Sawyer , Price County, Wisconsin Price , and Oneida County, Wisconsin Oneida counties, it caused a band of damage 10 20 miles 15 30 km wide. Nearly 850,000 acre s 3,400 km of forest were badly damaged or destroyed. The derecho caused 24M property damage. One person was killed and 35 were injured. Here is a summary of damage by county Sawyer County, Wisconsin A wind gust of 75 mph 120 km h was measured at the Hayward airport. The downburst winds destroyed several homes and barns. Winds of 135 mph 220 km h were estimated at the Flambeau River State Forest. A woman was killed when a tree fell on her camper at Connors Lake connors lake . Nearby, an area of old growth forest was almost completely destroyed. Price County, Wisconsin The storm continued to damage several homes and injured 20 people. The gust front reached Phillips, Wisconsin Phillips around 2 55 p.m. CDT and the severe winds lasted for 25 minutes. An anemometer at the airport registered ... http www.spc.noaa.gov misc AbtDerechos casepages jul41977page.htm NOAA page on the IndependenceDay ... damage coord missing Michigan DEFAULTSORT IndependenceDay Derecho Of 1977 Category 1977 meteorology ... more details
Infobox song See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name Almost IndependenceDay Cover Caption Type Artist Van Morrison alt Artist Album Saint Dominic s Preview Published Released July 1972 track no 7 Recorded Winter spring 1972 Genre Folk rock , Rhythm and blues R&B Length 10 03 Writer Van Morrison Composer Van Morrison Label Warner Bros. Records Producer Ted Templeman , Van Morrison Chart position Tracks Jackie Wilson Said I m in Heaven When You Smile Gypsy I Will Be There Van Morrison song I Will Be There Listen to the Lion Saint Dominic s Preview song Saint Dominic s Preview Redwood Tree song Redwood Tree Almost IndependenceDay prev prev no next next no Misc Almost IndependenceDay is the closing song on Northern Irish singer songwriter Van Morrison s 1972 album Saint Dominic s Preview . The song is ten minutes long and features Morrison trading guitar licks with Ron Elliott musician Ron Elliott . ref Hinton. Celtic Crossroads , p. 143 ref Recording and composition Almost IndependenceDay was recorded during the late winter and spring sessions at the Wally Heider Studios and or the Pacific High Studios, San Francisco, California for Saint Dominic s Preview in 1972. ref Heylin. Can You Feel the Silence? , p. 520 ref The song is written in a Stream of consciousness writing stream of consciousness style of writing and was recorded live except for one high part on a moog synthesizer played by Bernie Krause of Space Odyssey with The Byrds fame . Morrison said he had asked Krause to do this thing of Chinatown and then come in with the high part because I was thinking of dragons and fireworks. It has been said to be a sequel to Madame George , although Morrison has said that was not his concept. ref Yorke. Into the Music , p. 97 ref In a 1984 interview, Morrison recalls that he took a cue for the first line from the following incident blockquote I picked up the phone and the operator ... es Almost IndependenceDay ... more details
Orphan date March 2012 Infobox television episode Title IndependenceDay Series Young Justice Image File Cbr YoungJusticeIndependenceDayClip417.jpg 300px Caption Promotional image from the episode. Season 1 Episode 1 Airdate November 26, 2010 Production 101 Writer Greg Weisman Director Jay Oliva Guests Episode list List of Young Justice episodes Season list Prev Next Fireworks IndependenceDay is the first episode of the animated television series Young Justice TV series Young Justice , which first aired on November 26, 2010 alongside the episode Fireworks as part of an hour long special. The episode features Young Justice team members Dick Grayson Robin , Aqualad , Superboy , and Kid Flash , while Miss Martian and Artemis comics Artemis joined later in the series. References to the cartoons Super Friends 1973 TV series Super Friends and Teen Titans TV series Teen Titans appear in the episode. IndependenceDay won an Emmy Award for Individual Achievement in Animation. ref cite web url http m.ign.com articles 1192765 title Community , Young Justice Win Emmys for Animation author Eric Goldman date September 7, 2011 work IGN ref Plot Robin, Kid Flash, Aqualad, and Speedy are put together in a superhero group by their mentors. When the superheroes come to the revelation that they will still be treated like children, Speedy decides to leave. In order to prove themselves, the kid heroes take on a fire at the research facility Project Cadmus and end up discovering a laboratory that specializes in genetics, which is where they find Superboy. Development Young Justice is not based on the comic ... Comics cite web url http comicsonline.com node 1444 title TV Review Young Justice IndependenceDay ... articles 113 1136736p1.html title Young Justice IndependenceDay Review date November 24, 2010 work ... http www.avclub.com articles young justice independence day,48130 title Young Justice IndependenceDay author Brett Singer date November 26, 2010 work A.V. Club ref Reception Matt of Comics Online ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Nationwide IndependenceDay Type compilation Artist Too Short Cover Nationwide Independence Day.jpg Released May 19, 1998 Recorded 1998 Genre Hip hop music Hip hop Length 119 58 Label Jive Records Jive Short Producer Quinton Banks, Jazze Pha , Lil Jon Reviews Allmusic Rating 3 5 Allmusic class album id r351970 pure url yes link Last album Don t Try This at Home The Dangerous Crew album Don t Try This at Home br 1995 This album Nationwide IndependenceDay br 1998 Next album Nationwide IndependenceDay is a compilation album presented by Too Short . Background The compilation was released on May 19, 1998 through Jive Records and Too Short s own Short Records. Most of the album was produced by Quinton Quint Black Banks, though familiar names Jazze Pha and Lil Jon also contributed production for the album. The two disc set contained original material recorded by established artists such as Redman rapper Redman and Casual rapper Casual , as well as songs performed by artists signed to Too Short s recently formed Short Records, such as Baby DC and Badwayz. Nationwide fared much better than Too Short s previous compilation, 1995 s Don t Try This at Home The Dangerous Crew album Don t Try This at Home , peaking at 38 on the Billboard 200 and 7 on the Top R&B Hip Hop Albums . The album eventually sold over 500,000 copies and was certified gold by RIAA on July 28, 1998. Track listing Disc 1 Short Dog Hit Em Up 4 17 Too Short IndependenceDay 4 15 Too Short and Keith Murray rapper Keith Murray Get Your Hustle On 4 30 Baby DC and Too Short Spread Your Love 4 35 Murda One Abstract Hustle 4 47 38 Deep and Kat When You See Me 3 57 G Side All About It 7 38 Pimp C and Too Short Time After Time 4 36 Casual rapper Casual and Dollar Will Are You Ready for This 5 31 Badwayz Lady Luv 5 42 ZU Wreckognize 4 15 Mddl Fngz Paper Chase 4 16 Al Block Playa Hatin Hoes 4 07 Playa Playa Disc 2 Pimpin Ain t Easy 4 30 Polyester Players Couldn t Be a Better ... more details
Infobox award name IndependenceDay Award br lang bn current awards image swadhinataPadak.jpg ... The IndependenceDay Award lang bn , ref http www.cabinet.gov.bd view award.php?page list&lang bn IndependenceDay Award, Cabinet Division, Government of the People s Republic of Bangladesh ref also termed Independence Award lang bn , is the highest state award ... mskhancertificate.jpg thumb left Certificate of IndependenceDay Award to Muhammad Siddiq Khan ... 14 accessdate 2008 01 16 ref The award is traditionally presented on the eve of Bangladeshi IndependenceDayIndependenceday in Bangladesh at a much publicized ceremony attended by several cabinet and parliament ... List of awardees The following people have received the IndependenceDay Award since its inception. ref Booklet of Independence Award 2007. Cabinet Division. pp. 1 50 ref Image Swadhinota.JPG thumb left Swadhinota Padak or IndependenceDay Award of Bangladesh 1977 In the year 1977, the first year ... have received the IndependenceDay Award 2009 in recognition of their glorious role at national ... social welfare 2010 Swadhinata Puroshkar IndependenceDay Award 2010 has been awarded 10 distinguished ... culture Bangla Academy culture 2011 Swadhinata Padak IndependenceDay Award 2011 has been awarded ... Bangladeshi taka taka 20 thousand, ref name Booklet Booklet of Independence Award 2007. Cabinet Division ... work Justice Syed Mohammad Hossein Social work Dhirendranath Datta Language and Independence Movements ... en 2001 award ref Sayeda Motahera Banu Literature Shaheed Mashiur Rahman Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh Alhaz Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh M. A. Aziz Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh Muhammad Mayezuddin Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh Ruhul Quddus Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh Aminuddin Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh Dr. Zikrul Haque Independence and Liberation War of Bangladesh ... more details
unreferenced date March 2011 IndependenceDay UK is a one hour BBC Radio 1 science fiction special, first broadcast on August 4, 1996. The show is a Spin off media spin off of the movie IndependenceDay film IndependenceDay and depicts the movie s alien invasion from a United Kingdom British perspective. None of the original movie cast appear in the radio show. The movie s producer Dean Devlin gave Dirk Maggs permission to produce an original radio adaptation provided that he did not reveal certain details of the movie s plot, and that he did not depict the British as saving the day. Maggs wrote, produced and directed the programme, with Devlin credited as Creative Consultant . In order to achieve authentic aircraft sounds, Maggs crew recorded actual aircraft and cockpit interior sounds at an Royal Air Force RAF base. Tagline It s the Battle of Britain all over again, but this time our enemies aren t just unstoppable. They re inhuman . Story After a brief Orson Welles style opening announcement, recalling Welles notorious radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds radio The War of the Worlds , the programme begins with a 20th Century Fox fanfare. The first 25 minutes take the form of a live UFO watch broadcast hosted by Radio 1 Disc Jockey DJ Nicky Campbell and veteran TV astronomer Patrick Moore of The Sky at Night aboard an RAF E 3 Sentry Sentry aircraft. Campbell and Moore and the RAF crew deliver authentic reactions to the news that a large object is approaching the Earth . The object is subsequently revealed to be an Extraterrestrial life alien spacecraft . When the alien mothership disgorges dozens of smaller ships that take up position over the world s City cities , the broadcast switches to a press conference called by Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Prime Minister John Major and Leader of the Opposition UK Opposition Leader Tony Blair to announce the formation of an emergency coalition government . DJ Mark Goodier reports from a rooftop on the alien ship ... more details
Infobox Single Name IndependenceDay Cover Artist Bruce Springsteen Album The River Bruce Springsteen album The River A side The River Bruce Springsteen song The River Released May 1981 Format 7 inch Recorded January 1980 at Avatar Studios The Power Station in New York City New York Genre Rock music Rock Length 4 50 Label Columbia Records Writer Bruce Springsteen Producer Jon Landau , Bruce Springsteen, Steven Van Zandt Chart position Reviews Last single This single Next single IndependenceDay is a song written and performed by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band . It was originally released on his fifth album, The River Bruce Springsteen album The River . It was recorded at Avatar Studios The Power Station in New York City New York February and May 1980 . ref http brucebase.wikispaces.com The River Studio Sessions Brucebase, On The Tracks The River ref Content IndependenceDay , along with the The River Bruce Springsteen song title track , Wreck on the Highway and Point Blank Bruce Springsteen song Point Blank , is one of the verse chorus songs on The River that was essentially a short story or character sketch. ref cite book title The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll author George Warren, H., Romanowski, P. & Pareles, J. page 931 year 2001 publisher Touchstone isbn ... album id r18764 pure url yes title Allmusic IndependenceDay ref The son recognizes that despite their similarilties ... it was time for the son to leave home. ref name allmusic One reviewer said IndependenceDay is an unusually ... released on The River in 1980, IndependenceDay was written in 1977 ref cite book title Born to Run ... ref IndependenceDay has been a reasonably popular concert song, with 190 performances through 2008. ref http www.brucesetlists.com townlist.php ref A concert version of IndependenceDay was released on the live album Live 1975 85 . ref name allmusic IndependenceDay was released as the B side ... IndependenceDay pjesma Brucea Springsteena ... more details
Infobox single Name IndependenceDay Cover Martina McBride IndependenceDay cover.png Artist Martina McBride from Album The Way That I Am Released April 25, 1994 Format CD single B side True Blue Fool ref name whitburn cite book last Whitburn first Joel title Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2008 publisher Record Research, Inc year 2008 page 262 isbn 0 89820 177 2 accessdate 2010 02 07 ref Genre Country music Country Length 3 25 Label RCA Records Writer Gretchen Peters Producer Paul Worley br Ed Seay br Martina McBride Certification Last single Life Number 9 Life 9 BR small 1994 small This single IndependenceDay BR small 1994 small Next single Heart Trouble BR small 1994 small Misc External music video http www.cmt.com videos martina mcbride 55392 independence day.jhtml IndependenceDay at CMT.com IndependenceDay is a song performed by country singer Martina McBride , originally included on her 1993 album The Way That I Am . Released as a single in 1994, the song peaked at 12. ref http billboard.com bbcom retrieve chart history.do?model.vnuArtistId 25616&model.vnuAlbumId 740888 Billboard.com Artist Chart History Martina McBride Bot generated title ref Gretchen Peters wrote the song, and later ... received the Country Music Association s Song of the Year award in 1994 for IndependenceDay. ref name ... does not die in the fire, as she has now gained her independence from an abusive relationship. In the official music video, the girl is at the IndependenceDay United States 4th of July parade when ... freedom from her abusive husband. Thus, it is her IndependenceDay. The title also refers to the fact that the events noted in the song happened on the United States IndependenceDay United States IndependenceDay , or July 4. In media The song s chorus is used by Sean Hannity for his Premiere Radio ... ref http www.billboard.com song martina mcbride independenceday 1609042 ref align center 12 align ... Reflist Martina McBride singles DEFAULTSORT IndependenceDay Song Category 1993 songs Category 1994 ... more details
Afghan is used, since the foundation of the Afghan state in 1747, to indicate a citizen of Afghanistan . Though, mistakenly used for Pashtuns , it is no longer the reality. The fourth article of the Constitution of Afghanistan ref name supremecourt cite web url http supremecourt.gov.af PDFiles constitution2004 english.pdf title The Constitution of Afghanistan format PDF publisher Supreme Court Afghanistan location Kabul, Afghanistan date January 3, 2004 accessdate 2010 12 08 ref states that citizens of Afghanistan include Tajiks , Pashtuns , Hazara , Uzbek , Turkmen , Aymaq , Arab , Baluch , Pashayi , Nuristani , Qezelbash , Brahui and Gurjar who are native inhabitants of the country and that all citizens of Afghanistan be called Afghans. According to encyclopaedia Iranica, ref cite web last Encyclopaedia Iranica title AFGHAN url http www.iranicaonline.org articles afgan in current political usage any citizen of afghanistan whatever his ethnic tribal or religious affiliation ref AFGHAN af n in current political usage means any citizen of Afghanistan, whatever his ethnic, tribal, or religious affiliation is. According to the 1977 constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan 1973 78 , all Afghans are equal in rights and obligations before the law. In an attempt to alleviate the inevitable tensions and conflicts of an ethnically diverse state, the republic discouraged reference to ethnic or tribal origin and prohibited the use of personal names that evoke an ethnic group such as Tajik, Hazara, Hindu , Sikh , Afr d , A madzay , rmu , N rzay, P palzay, Wardak , etc. . As an adjective, the word Afghan also means of or relating to Afghanistan or its people, language, or culture . Afghani The only time to use Afghani is in reference to the unit of Afghan afghani Afghan currency . Some people use it to indicate a citizen of Afghanistan. From an Afghan point of view this name is wrongly being used for Afghans. After the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan millions of Afghans ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Afghan title orig translator image image caption author Frederick Forsyth illustrator cover artist country United Kingdom language English language English series genre Thriller genre Thriller novel publisher pub date 2006 english pub date media type Print Hardback & Paperback pages isbn ISBN preceded by followed by The Afghan is a 2006 thriller novel by Frederick Forsyth , and concerns a planned Al Qaeda terrorist attack to take place against an unspecified target. As with other Forsyth novels, the full details of the plot are not revealed until the end. The story takes place in Indonesia , Pakistan , Guantanamo Bay detention camp Guantanamo Bay , Trinidad and Tobago , Washington U.S. state Washington state and onboard various ships sailing the high seas. Plot summary Sometime before the events of the story take place, a joint Secret Intelligence Service MI6 Central Intelligence Agency CIA Inter Services Intelligence ISI raid against al Qaeda AQ operatives in Pakistan uncovers documents concerning a planned, but largely cryptic, terrorist attack. This raises concerns and triggers further investigations authorised at the most senior level. Mike Martin SAS officer Mike Martin , who previously appeared ... in Iraq and physically able to pass for an Afghanistan Afghan his maternal grandmother was a West ... brown complexion which allows him to look like an Arab or later on, Afghan Martin has a near perfect ... Osama Bin Laden and rescued a young Afghan boy, Izmat Khan, who later became a resistance leader. Khan is portrayed as an heroic Afghan freedom fighter determined to have vengeance against America and careless ... his family. In a highly covert operation Martin is successful in impersonating The Afghan under the code ... Info 34672.asp The Afghan at Allreaders.com DEFAULTSORT Afghan, The Category 2006 novels Category Thriller ... Afghane es El afgano it L Afghano nl The Afghan pl Afga czyk pt O Afeg o ... more details
as an independenceday . Sometimes, a state wishing to achieve independence from a dominating power will issue a declaration of independence the earliest surviving example is Scotland s Declaration of Arbroath in 1320, with the most recent example being Azawad s declaration of independence in 2012. Declaring independence and attaining it however, are quite different. A well known successful example is the Declaration of Independence United States U.S. Declaration of Independence issued in 1776. Historically, there have been three major periods of declaring independence the years from 1776 to the Revolutions ...Other uses Image Spirit of Independence.JPG right thumb 250px A personification of independence as represented ... s Epcot . Independence is a condition of a nation , country , or Sovereign state state in which its ... , over its territory. The opposite of independence is dependence. Attainment of independence should ... authority. While some revolutions seek and achieve national independence, others aim only to redistribute ... within a state, which as such may remain unaltered. Furthermore, some countries were granted independence ..., was not intended to seek national independence the United States Revolutionary War , however, was. Autonomous entity Autonomy in slight contrast refers to a kind of independence which has been granted ... protection as an autonomous region. The dates of established independence or, less commonly, the commencement ... 18 3 61.full The Declaration of Independence in World Context , Organization of American Historians ... to seek independence are many. Disillusionment rising from the establishment is a cause widely ... into action. The means can extend from peaceful demonstrations, like in the case of the Indian independence movement , to a violent civil war . See also Independence constitution Independence referendum List of countries by IndependenceDay List of sovereign states by date of formation Special Committee on Decolonization War of Independence disambiguation Wars of independence Arab Spring References ... more details
Merge from Afghan abasi discuss Talk Afghan rupee Merger proposal Afghan abasi into Afghan rupee date January 2012 The rupee was the currency of Afghanistan until 1925. Before 1891, silver rupees circulated with copper falus and gold mohur . The three metals had no fixed exchange rate between them, with different regions issuing their own coins. In 1891, a new currency was introduced, based on the Kabuli rupee. The rupee was subdivided into 60 paisa , each of 10 dinar . Other denominations issued included the shahi of 5 paisa, the sanar of 10 paisa, the abbasi of 20 paisa, the qiran of 30 paisa and the tilla and later the amani , both of 10 rupee. The rupee was replaced in 1925 by the Afghan afghani Afghani . Ironically, the currency itself was first issued by Afghan monarch Sher Shah Suri during his rule of northern India. Today the unit of currency in Afghanistan is the Afghan afghani afghani . The Red Fort Hindi , Urdu , usually transcribed into English as Lal Qil ah or Lal Qila is a 17th century fort complex constructed by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in the walled city of Old Delhi in present day Delhi, India that served as the residence of the Mughal Emperors. It also served as the capital of the Mughals until 1857, when Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled by the British Indian government. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007. 1 Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, started construction of the massive fort in 1638 and work was completed in 1648 10 years . 2 The Red Fort was originally referred to as Qila i Mubarak the blessed fort , because it was the residence of the royal family. The layout of the Red Fort was organised to retain and integrate ... settings of the site after the Indian Mutiny in 1857. After Independence, the site experienced ... was mainly used as a cantonment and even after Independence, a significant part of the Fort remained ..., Shahjahanabad present day Old Delhi , the seventh city in the Delhi site. He moved his capital here ... more details
Infobox TV channel name Afghan TV logofile logosize launch 21 May 2004 closed date picture format SDTV share 2 share as of as of July 2010 lc on network owner Ahmed Shah Afghanzai slogan country Afghanistan former names sister names Afghan News timeshift names web http www.afghantv.af www.afghantv.af Afghan TV is a commercial television station , based in Kabul , Afghanistan since 21 May 2004. The station is owned by Ahmed Shah Afghanzai, an Afghan entrepreneur . It originally broadcast for 18 hours daily, but has been 24 hours since July 2004. Programs Afghan TV has lots of entertainment programs, including sport , social and educational . It also has India Indian , United States American , Korea Korean and Arabic drama . It also broadcasts news , although this is also broadcast 24 hours a day on its sister channel , Afghan News . 2006 fining In early 2006 , the station was fined 50,000 AFN Afghan afghani Afghani approximately US 1,000 by the Supreme Court of Afghanistan Afghan Supreme .... The case was televised by Afghan TV and was covered extensively by other media outlets, however, the powerful clergy in the country succeeded in not only instating the fine on Afghan TV, but also severely ... On 15 June 2011, Afghan TV was launched in on the Hotbird 13 E satellite, meaning that the whole of Europe now can receive Afghan TV. Viewers in the Middle East can now receive Afghan TV on two satellites Hotbird 13 E and Turksat 3A 42 E. On 27 June 2011, the name Afghan TV on Hotbird was suddenly renamed to Afghannews.tv . It is unknown why this happened, even though the channel itself is Afghan TV and not Afghan News. Websites like KingOfSat state the channel as Afghan News TV and moved Afghan ... quality video on Hotbird, just like in Afghanistan. Closure On 23 December 2011, Afghan TV suddenly ... AM22 by a large and powerful satellite. See also Television in Afghanistan es Afghan Television fa ps DEFAULTSORT Afghan Tv Category Television in Afghanistan Afghanistan ... more details
two other uses early camel drivers in Australian history Australians of Afghan origin Afghan Australian Afghan disambiguation Image Afghan grave bourke.jpg thumb 350px right thumbnail Grave of Afghan camel driver Zeriph Khan 1871 1903 at Bourke, New South Wales Bourke Cemetery, New South Wales Australia The Afghans or Ghans were camel drivers who worked in outback Australia from the 1860s to the 1930s. While called Afghans , not all of them were from Afghanistan some came from the northern regions of British India , areas that now constitute modern day Pakistan . The Afghans played a great role in establishing the Islam in Australia Muslim faith in Australia . The first Afghan cameleers arrived in Melbourne in June 1860, when 8 men arrived with a shipment of 24 camels for the Burke and Wills expedition . Afghans without camels are reported to have reached Australia as early as 1838. ref http www.southaustralianhistory.com.au afghans.htm Flinders Range Research The Afghan Camelmen ref Camels were the primary means of bulk transport in the outback where the climate was too harsh for horses and other beasts of burden prior to the widespread adoption of automobile motor vehicle s. A large population of Australian feral camel s remains from this time. Even though the Afghans help was greatly ... was 3000. Citation needed date July 2011 Notable people Notable Afghans and people of Afghan descent Hanifa Deen Dost Mahomet See also Afghan Australian Pashtun diaspora References No footnotes ... and Ghan Towns A History of Afghan Camel Drivers in Australia isbn 0 9581760 0 0 External links ... at the Northern Territory Library. http www.southaustralianhistory.com.au afghans.htm The Afghan ... Afghan Cameleers on ABC s George Negus Tonight. http www.bushmag.com.au History Pioneering Afghans.htm Pioneering Afghans from Bushmag. http www.dfat.gov.au facts muslims in Australia.html Afghan ... Category Afghan diaspora Category Camel drivers Category Article Feedback 5 fr Afghans Australie ... more details
Eigo Afghan Americans celebrate August 19 in the United States as AfghanDay or Afghanistan Day , it is the day that their former nation had won the war against the British in 1919. Smaller festival s are held in cities that have Afghan communities, usually at the parks where black, red and green ...Infobox Ethnic group group Afghan American image File Z Khalilzad.jpg 79px File Lina Rozbih in 2008.jpg ... of Afghanistan rels Predominantly Muslim An Afghan American refers to an United States American with heritage or origins in Afghanistan . History and population Afghan Americans have a long history ..., Tim. Countries and their Cultures. Afghan Americans. 2006. July 6, 2007. http www.everyculture.com multi A Br Afghan Americans.html ref Due to the political borders at that time period, some of these Afghan immigrants may have been ethnic Pashtun people Pashtuns from British India present day Pakistan ... Soviet invasion of Afghanistan , around five million Afghan citizens decided to leave their country to immigrate or seek refuge in other countries. These Afghan refugees mostly settled in neighboring ... of Afghan Americans in the U.S. ref San Francisco Chronicle , http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi .... ref Smaller Afghan American communities also exist in the states of Texas , Illinois , Florida ... approximately 65,972 Afghan Americans living in the country in 2006. According to the Embassy of Afghanistan in Washington, DC , the over all Afghan population in the United States in 2011 is around 300,000. ref name embassy http www.embassyofafghanistan.org diaspora.html Afghan Diaspora ref ... be about 80,000 Afghan Americans but the actual number may be 200,000 ref name UT USA Today , http usatoday.com ... census of 2001 found approximately 9,000 of Afghan ancestry living in New York metro area, considerably .... Flushing, Queens has a substantial amount of Afghan Americans Citation needed date May 2010 . Culture ... their traditional culture even after several generations. Afghan Americans value their oral tradition ... more details
Afghan Star or AfghanStar may refer to Afghan Star TV series Afghan Star TV series , a reality TV singing contest broadcast in Afghanistan Afghan Star film Afghan Star film , a documentary film about the TV series Disambig ... more details
Sediq Afghan lang fa born 1958 in Kabul is an Afghanistan Afghan philosopher and mathematician , currently head of the International Center for Mathematical Philosophy in Kabul, Afghanistan . He is also a political activist . He had a prominent role in protests in Kabul about Afghanistan and Islam related issues, including an anti American protest in 2003, ref name reu2001 Reuters 2003 http www.commondreams.org headlines03 0506 04.htm First Anti American Protest Held in Afghan Capital News article posted at CommonDreams.org, accessed on 2010 02 01. ref a hunger strike to protest over beatings of journalists by Afghan security officers in 2006, and another one to protest the Jyllands Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy 2008 Danish Muhammad cartoons . ref name ChristianScienceMonitor2008 03 10 cite news url http www.csmonitor.com World Asia South Central 2008 0310 p25s01 wosc.html title Danish cartoons one Afghan s peaceful protest publisher Christian Science Monitor date 2008 03 10 author Anand Gopal archiveurl http www.webcitation.org query?url http 3A 2F 2Fwww.csmonitor.com 2FWorld 2FAsia South Central 2F2008 2F0310 2Fp25s01 wosc.html&date 2010 02 18 archivedate 2010 02 18 ref He completed his preliminary education in Afghanistan and received his doctorate in mathematics from the Moscow University . About Sediq Afghan reflist Sediq Afghan b. 1958 in Kabul is a prominent Afghan philosopher and mathematician. He completed his preliminary education in Afghanistan and received his doctorate in mathematics from the Moscow university. Philosophies He is credited for inventing ... anti U.S. protests during May 2003. Sediq Afghan is a prominent Afghan philosopher known for his ... Federal constitutional republic President George Walker Bush R Vice President Dick Cheney R Independence ... Siddiq Afghan s Official Website Persondata NAME Afghan, Sediq ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION ... Afghan, Sediq Category Living people Category 1958 births Category Afghan philosophers ... more details
Image AfghanTurk.PNG thumb right 250px Approximate boundaries of Afghan Turkestan in orange , with respect to modern day provinces of Afghanistan . Afghan Turkestan is a region in northern Afghanistan , on the border with the former Republics of the Soviet Union Soviet republic s of Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and Tajikistan . In the 19th century there was a province in Afghanistan named Turkestan Province until abolished by Abdur Rahman , ref Angus Hamilton. Afghanistan . W. Heinemann, 1906. http books.google.com books?id nexWAAAAMAAJ&pg PA247&dq Mazar i Sharif Province&hl en&ei 3cXiTPemB4a8lQe26NyCBA&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 3&ved 0CDYQ6AEwAg v onepage&q Mazar i Sharif 20Province&f false Pg 247 ref and was centred on Mazari Sharif and included territory in the modern provinces of Balkh province Balkh , Jowzjan province Jowzjan , Faryab province Faryab and Sar e Pol province Sar e Pol . The whole territory, from the junction of the Kokcha river with the Amu Darya on the north east to the province of Herat province Herat on the south west, was some convert 500 mi km in length, with an average width from the Russian frontier to the Hindu Kush of 114 miles 183 km . It thus comprised about convert 57,000 sqmi km2 or roughly two ninths of the former kingdom of Afghanistan. Geography The area is agriculturally poor except in the river valleys, being rough and mountainous towards the south, but subsiding into undulating wastes and pasture lands towards the Karakum Desert . Population The bulk of the people are Uzbek people Uzbek and Turkmen people Turkmen with large concentrations of Tajik people Tajik , Hazara people Hazara and Pashtun people Pashtuns . ref USA Today http www.usatoday.com news world 2002 05 13 pashtuns.htm Pashtuns say they re being brutalized ... independence, and commenced the history of the Greco Bactrian dynasties, which succumbed to Parthia ... between Bukhara and Kabul until settled by the Anglo Russian agreement of 1873 in favour of the Afghan ... more details
Infobox film name Afghan Luke image AfghanLuke2011Poster.jpg alt see WP ALT caption Coming soon poster director Mike Clattenburg producer Barrie Dunn br Michael Volpe br Mike Clattenburg writer Patrick Graham br Douglas Bell br Mike Clattenburg br Barrie Dunn starring Nick Stahl br Nicolas Wright br Stephen Lobo br Vik Sahay music Blain Morris cinematography Jeremy Benning editing Roger Matiussi studio distributor released Film date Year Month Day Location runtime 97 minutes country Film Canada language English budget gross class toccolours style float right margin left 1em margin right 2em font size 85 background white color black width 30em max width 40 cellspacing 5 style text align left I ve said it before and I ll say it again, Afghan Luke is possibly the best war satire since either Robert Altman Robert Altman s MASH film M A S H , or Three Kings 1999 film Three Kings by David O. Russell . It s also interesting that in the year that Canada starts winding down its military commitment in Afghanistan, and as people now more than ever question the reasons why we re still there, I think Afghan Luke gave us the most concise and accurate explanation of the history and politics of that country nobody gets it. But politics aside, this was a bold departure for Mike Clattenburg, who s still perhaps best known as one of the driving forces behind The Trailer Park Boys , and it will be very interesting to see what he ll do on the big screen next. Adam Donaldson ref cite web url http www.pressplus1.com ... date accessdate 2012 04 25 ref Afghan Luke is a 2011 Canadian film directed by Mike Clattenburg ... tiff 2011 afghanluke title 2011 Films Afghan Luke publisher tiff.net date accessdate 2012 ... . ref cite web url http www.atlanticfilm.com afghan luke title Afghan Luke & 124 Atlantic Film Festival ... www.afghanluke.com http www.afghanluke.com ?page id 6 Official trailer IMDb title 1680305 Afghan Luke DEFAULTSORT Afghan Luke Category 2011 films Category Canadian films Category English language films ... more details
part of any meal. Wealthier families will eat one rice dish per day. The Afghan royalty spent ...File Afghan food.jpg thumb 300px A table setting of Afghan food in Kabul Afghan cuisine is largely based ..., Afghan cuisine is undeniably unique, and has been considered to be one of the most flavorsome of cuisines ... Kabul influence on Afghan cuisine An ancient city of art, culture, and being the nation s multi cultural ... citizens. Most notable Afghan food items known today were probably first served by urban residents ..., and dining etiquette. Characteristics File Afghani dinner.jpg thumb Afghan dinner sitting ... in preparing foods. Fruits and vegetables, fresh and dried, form an important part of the Afghan ... fabled pomegranate s. Herbs and spices used in Afghan cuisine include mentha mint , saffron , coriander ... meats. Afghan cuisine emphasizes well balanced, contrasting tastes and food is neither spicy ... types of Afghan bread Naan Literally bread . Thin, long and oval shaped, its mainly a white whole ... Palao File Afghan men feasting.jpg thumb Afghan style eating with plates of Pilaf palao dishes ... upright Kofta Kebab with naan . Afghan kebab is most often found in restaurants and outdoor vendor stalls. The most widely used meat is lamb. Recipes differ with every restaurant. Afghan kebab is served ..., and may be served with cooked Afghan dishes such as Ashak , Mantoo, and Qeshla Qoroot, among others. Afghan food items File Afghan meat balls with rice and corn.jpg upright thumb Rice with kofta meatballs ... dish . File Bendee.jpg thumb upright Baamiyah okra , also served as a side dish. File Afghan roast chicken 2010.jpg upright thumb Roasted chicken kebab File Afghani lamb kebab.jpg thumb upright Afghan Lamb and mutton lamb kebab with yellow saffron rice div col 2 Kofta Afghan Kufta Afghan Kadu Bouranee ... potato and herb s, or ground meat Shorwa Afghan soup similar to borscht Dolma Stuffed grape leaves ... Bolawnee Bolani Afghan bread pancakes Suji Halwa Halwaua e Aurd e Sujee Nan e Afghan Nan e Tandoori ... more details
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