In statistics , aggregatedata describes data combined from several measurements. When you aggregatedata, you replace groups of observations with summary statistics based on those observations. ref http www.r bloggers.com aggregation and restructuring data from E2 80 9Cr in action E2 80 9D more 891 Aggregation and Restructuring of data chapter 5.6 from the book R in Action , Manning Publications ref In economics , aggregatedata or data aggregates describes high level data that is composed from a multitude or combination of other more individual data. in macroeconomics data such as the overall price level or overall inflation rate in microeconomics data of an entire sector of an economy composed of many firms, or of all households in a city or region. See also Aggregate disambiguation References Reflist Category Statistical terminology statistics stub econ term stub no Aggregering pl Agregat danych ... more details
Aggregates are used in Dimensional modeling dimensional models of the data warehouse to produce dramatic positive effects on the time it takes to query large sets of data. At the simplest form an aggregate ... in a large data warehouse is to provide a proper set of aggregate summary records that coexist with the primary ... such spectacular gains. blockquote Having aggregates and atomic data increases the complexity of the dimensional model. This complexity should be transparent to the users of the data warehouse, thus when a request is made, the data warehouse should return data from the table with the correct grain. So when requests to the data warehouse are made, aggregate navigator functionality should be implemented ..., Page 355 ref Aggregate navigator Having aggregatedata in the dimensional model makes the environment ... the aggregate tables, when starting a new data warehouse project. Thus will, omitting aggregates ... use of aggregates is to take a Dimension data warehouse dimension and change the granularity of this dimension. When changing the granularity of the dimension the Fact data warehouse fact table has to be partially summarized to fit the new Granularity grain of the new Dimension data warehouse dimension , thus creating new Dimension data warehouse dimensional and fact tables, fitting this new level of grain. Aggregates are sometimes referred to as pre calculated summary data, since aggregations are usually precomputed, partially summarized data, that are stored in new aggregated tables. When facts ... dimension tables. ref Ralph Kimball, Margy Ross, The Data Warehouse Toolkit The Complete Guide to Dimensional ... ref So the reason why aggregates can make such a dramatic increase in the performance of the data warehouse ... Adamson, Mastering Data Warehouse Aggregates Solutions for Star Schema Performance, Wiley Publishing ... as one of the original architects of data warehousing, says ref Cite web url http www.rkimball.com html articles search articles1996 9608d54.html title Aggregate Navigation With Almost No Metadata date ... more details
Wiktionary An aggregate is a collection of items that are gathered together to form a total quantity. Aggregate composite , in materials science, a component of a composite material used to resist compressive stress Construction aggregate , materials used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, or recycled crushed concrete In some Christian churches, a group of several canonical hours Aggregates canonical hours offices combined to form a single religious service In the social sciences, a gathering of people into a cluster or a crowd that do not form a true social group In music, a set of all twelve pitch classes, also known as the Tone row total chromatic total chromatic Aggregate Sanskrit, skandha P li, khandha , in Buddhism, refers to a category of sensory experiences Aggregate analysis, a technique used in amortized analysis in computer science, especially in analysis of algorithms Aggregatedata warehouse , a part of the dimensional model that is used to speed up query time by summarizing tables Aggregatedata , in statistics, data combined from several measurements Aggregate demand , the total demand for final goods and services during a specific time period in an economy Aggregate supply , the total supply of goods and services produced during a specific time period in an economy Aggregate function , in computer science especially SQL , a function that calculates a single result scalar from a collection of input values Aggregate score , in sport, the sum of two scorelines in a two legged match Aggregate rocket family , in rocketry, a set of experimental rocket designs developed in Nazi Germany wikt aggregate species Aggregate species Wiktionary or Species aggregate, a named species representing a range of very closely related organisms Aggregate ... healthcare professionals and organizations through payments and gifts of various kinds AggreGate Platform , a software framework for managing diverse electronic devices Aggregate Root , Domain driven ... more details
Discovering Tibbo AggreGate Elettronica In ref to normalize device data and inject it into the live system. Device data and metadata is cached in the database to provide instant access that doesn t involve ...Infobox software logo Image AggreGate Platform Logo.png AggreGate Platform Logo screenshot Image AggreGate Dashboard.png 240px AggreGate Dashboard caption Dashboard in AggreGate Client developer Tibbo ... EULA website http aggregate.tibbo.com http aggregate.tibbo.com AggreGate Device Management Platform ... management managing diverse hardware devices. Though often used in OEM projects, AggreGate offers ... s core concept is device data normalization . Any device may be represented using variables, functions ... device can be controlled. Thus, AggreGate uses software device drivers and hardware protocol converters ... device drivers for the hardware Creating custom data processing and presentation tools report templates, widgets, alerts, etc. Configuring third party systems to work with AggreGate APIs History AggreGate was initially called LinkServer, since its first versions could only route raw data between ... and process device data. V3.0 also introduced centralized configuration data storage and delayed ... web url http www.programmableterminal.com aggregate.html title AggreGate Software ProgrammableTerminal.com ref till 2008. The first public release of AggreGate was published in February 2008. ref http www.i newswire.com tibbo launches aggregate a complete a154310 Tibbo Launches AggreGate iNewsware ref In summer 2008 Tibbo released AggreGate Network Manager 7th place in WindowsNetworking.com Readers .... A year later, in 2009, the AggreGate Time and Attendance product was released, followed by AggreGate SCADA HMI later this year. Solutions There are currently five end user products based on AggreGate Platform AggreGate Network Manager ref cite web url http products.serverwatch.com networking ra 1246458453.html title AggreGate Network Manager ServerWatch ref &ndash for monitoring and managing ... more details
An Aggregate pattern can refer to concepts in either statistics or computer programming. Both uses deal with considering a large case as composed of smaller, simpler, pieces. Statistics An aggregate pattern is an important statistical concept in many fields that rely on statistics to predict the behavior of large groups, based on the tendencies of subgroups to consistently behave in a certain way. It is particularly useful in sociology , economics , psychology , and criminology . Computer programming In Design Patterns , an aggregate is not a design pattern but rather refers to an object such as a list, vector, or generator which provides an interface for creating iterator s. The following example code is in Python programming language Python . source lang python mylist apples , oranges , milk , eggs , flour for item in mylist print Mom, we re out of item def fibonacci n a,b 0,1 count 0 while count n count 1 a,b b, a b yield a for x in fibonacci 10 print x def fibsum n total 0 for x in fibonacci n total x return total def fibsum alt n Alternate implementation. demonstration that Python s built in function sum works with arbitrary iterators return sum fibonacci n myNumbers 1,7,4,3,22 def average g return float sum g len g in Python 3.0 the cast to float will no longer be necessary source Python hides essentially all of the details using the http www.python.org doc lib typeiter.html iterator protocol . Confusingly, Design Patterns uses aggregate to refer to the blank in the code code for x in code which is unrelated to the term aggregation . ref Design Patterns , p. 22 Aggregation implies that one object owns or is responsible for another object. ... Aggregation implies that an aggregate object and its owner have identical lifetimes. ref Neither of these terms refer to the statistical aggregation of data such as the act of adding up the Fibonacci sequence or taking the average ... programming References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Pattern Category Software design patterns ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 In economics , aggregate behavior refers to relationships between economic aggregates such as national income , government expenditure and aggregate demand . For example, the consumption function is a relationship between aggregate demand for Consumption economics consumption and aggregate disposable income . Models of aggregate behavior may be derived from direct observation of the economy, or from models of individual behavior. Theories of aggregate behavior are central to macroeconomics . DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Behavior Category Macroeconomic aggregates Macroeconomics stub ... more details
orphan date August 2008 Aggregate Spend is the process used to aggregate and monitor total amount spent by healthcare manufacturers on individual Healthcare Professionals and Organizations HCP O through payments, gifts, honoraria , travel and other means. Also often referred to as the Physician Spend Sunshine Law, this initiative is a growing body of Federal and State legislations that collectively address all or some of the following goals a Provide transparency with regard to who, in the life sciences industry, is contributing what benefits to which physician b Mandate statutory reports at least once a year and, c Limit spend per physician. Aggregate Spend is the total, collective, cumulative ... to 100,000 for each violation, and can go up to 1 million. U.S. State Laws Aggregate Spend compliance ... and collect distinct spend types to comply with disclosure requirements at the HCP O aggregate ... 8, 2011 effectively repealing Maine s aggregate spend reporting requirements 22 MRSA 2698 A . ref https www.medispend.com maine repeals aggregate spend laws ref Implementation Challenges for Life Science Companies This regulatory compliance requirement is especially challenging because of a DATA ... VOLUME OF DATA that must be aggregated, cleansed, processed and filed. Implementation Challenges ... which all companies should follow while submitting the data. This introduces the challenge of how the massively voluminous data which will reach the Department of Health & Human Services HHS by March ... links http www.fxconferences.com Industry Update Federal and State Aggregate Spend Requirements P614.aspx Aggregate Spend Audio Conference 2011 http www.cbinet.com show conference.cfm?confCode PC08056 CBI Aggregate Spend Conference http pharmexec.findpharma.com pharmexec News Tracking of Spend Data Widens ArticleStandard Article detail 492596?contextCategoryId 43775 Tracking of Spend Data Widens ... , Mendix 2011 Further reading What s All the Commotion Over Aggregate Spend? Thought Leadership ... more details
image Frambozenkever.jpg thumb left A raspberry fruit is an aggregate fruit, an aggregate of drupe drupelets image Aquilegia vulgaris 004.JPG thumb left The fruit of an Aquilegia flower is an aggregate of follicles, but is not an aggregate fruit An aggregate fruit or etaerio is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovary plants ovaries that were separate in a single flower . ref cite book author Hickey, M. King, C. date 2001 title The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms publisher Cambridge University Press others translated by ref In contrast, a simple fruit develops from one ovary. Not all flowers with multiple ovaries form aggregate fruit the ovaries of some flowers do not become tightly joined together to make a larger fruit. Aggregate fruits may also be accessory fruit s, in which parts of the flower other than the ovary become fleshy and form part of the fruit. Aggregate fruits include Raspberry Dewberry and Blackberry , also accessory fruit, with a fleshy receptacle botany receptacle Fragaria Strawberry , also an accessory fruit, with a fleshy receptacle See also Multiple fruit , a structure formed from the ovaries of several flowers, that can resemble an aggregate fruit Compound fruit , a term sometimes used when it is not clear whether a fruit is an aggregate fruit, a multiple fruit, or a simple fruit formed from a compound ovary Gynoecium Carpel morphology Carpel , the building blocks of the ovary References reflist fruits Category fruit morphology ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 Orphan date June 2009 Aggregate income is the combined income earned by an entire group of persons. Aggregate income in economics is a broad conceptual term. It may express the proceeds from total output in the economy for producers of that output. One such measure of it is National Income in the National Income and Product Accounts Accounting for the left side of the reportNational Income and Product Accounts National Income and Product Accounts . It is the sum of employees, proprietors, rental, corporate, interest, and government income less the subsidies government pays to any of those groups. See also Distribution economics Household income in the United States Income distribution Aggregate expenditure Aggregate income describes the total income in an economy without regard to taxes, revenue, credits and debits. Aggregate income is a form of GDP that is equal to Consumption expenditure plus net profits. DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Income Category Income macroeconomics stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Aggregate base is typically composed of crushed rock capable of passing through a Convert 3 4 in mm 2 abbr on lk on rock screen. The component particles will vary in size from 3 4 inch down to dust. The material can be made of virgin newly mined rock, or of recycled asphalt and concrete. Base is used as a base course in road ways, as a base course for cement pads and foundations, and as backfill material for underground pipelines and other underground utilities. Base course refers to the sub base layer of an asphalt roadway. Generally consisting of larger grade aggregate, spread and compacted to provide a stable base for further layers of aggregates or asphalt Pavement material pavement . Aggregate base course is often referred to as ABC. DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Base Category Transport engineering Category Road infrastructure ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Concrete aggregate grinding.JPG thumb 300px Grinding concrete exposes Construction aggregateaggregate stones. Aggregate is the component of a composite material that resists compressive stress and provides bulk to the composite material. For efficient filling, aggregate ... to fiber composites Aggregate composites tend to be much easier to fabricate, and much more predictable .... Fabrication aside, aggregate materials themselves also tend to be less expensive the most .... Not all composite materials include aggregate in their design. This is because aggregate particles ... aspect ratio of about one , so that aggregate composites do not display the level of synergy that fiber composites often do. A strong aggregate held together by a weak matrix geology matrix will be weak ... or cloth is traded off in favor of more aggregate like processing techniques. Ellipsoid and plate shaped aggregates are also used. Aggregate properties In most cases, the ideal finished piece would be 100 aggregate. A given application s most desirable quality be it high strength, low cost, high dielectric constant, or low density is usually most prominent in the aggregate itself all the aggregate ... is specifically chosen to serve this role, but its abilities should not be abused. Aggregate size Experiments ... of aggregate appropriate simulations or experiments are necessary to determine the optimal ... absorb the matrix, preventing a strong bond to other aggregate particles . Particle size distribution ..., the aggregate will have one of these properties, and will benefit if the matrix can add what it lacks ... and ceramic aggregate, such as asphalt concrete tarmac and filled plastic i.e., Nylon mixed with powdered ... see nanotechnology . In the case where this change is desirable, a certain range of aggregate size ... any macroscopic object made from them to be treated as an aggregate composite in many respects. While ... electrospinning and spray pyrolysis . One important aggregate made by spray pyrolysis is glass microsphere ... more details
In economics, Aggregate Expenditure is a measures of national income measure of national income . ref ... macro101 07 Measuring GDP.pdf ref Aggregate Expenditure is defined as the current value of all the finished goods and services in the economy. ref cite web last Haworth first Barry title The Aggregate Expenditure Model url http econpage.com 202 handouts AEmodel index.html work The Aggregate expenditure model publisher University of Louisville accessdate 13 November 2011 ref The aggregate .... In an open economy scenario, the aggregate expenditure also includes the difference between the exports and the imports. Aggregate Expenditures is defined as math AE C I G NX math Here, C Household ... Xn Net exports Exports Imports Aggregate Expenditure is one of the methods to calculate the sum ... is calculated through the Keynesian cross Aggregate expenditure model also known as the Keynesian cross .AE is also used in the Aggregate demand Aggregate Demand Aggregate supply Aggregate Supply Model which advances the Aggregate Expenditures Model with the inclusion of Price changes. Components of Aggregate Expenditure AE defined as the total amount that firms and households plan to spend on goods and services at each level of income. Also, it can be seen that the aggregate expenditure is the sum ... derived from all the components of the Aggregate Demand . Aggregate demand AD refers to the sum total ... various components to come up with the Aggregate Expenditure. The major school of economic thoughts ... is the total exports minus the total imports. ref cite web title Components of Aggregate Expenditure ... Classical aggregate expenditure.png thumb Classical Aggregate Expenditure This supports the classical ... at a full employment Hence the classical Aggregate expenditure model is ref cite book last Burnette ... pages 9 url http people.rit.edu jdbgse Documents 20402 CN intromacro 3.pdf ref Aggregate Expenditure Aggregate Consumption Planned Investment Therefore, math AE C I math Where, C Consumption Expenditure ... more details
In relation to biomechanics , the aggregate modulus Ha is a measurement of the stiffness of a material at equilibrium when fluid has ceased flowing through it. The aggregate modulus can be calculated from Young s modulus E and the Poisson ratio v . math Ha E 1 v 1 v 1 2v math The aggregate modulus of a similar specimen is determined from a unidirectional deformational testing configuration, i.e., the only non zero strain component is E sub 11 sub , as opposed to the Young s modulus, which is determined from a unidirectional loading testing configuration, i.e., the only non zero stress component is, say, in the e sub 1 sub direction. In this test, the only non zero component of the stress tensor is T sub 11 sub . Reference Biomechanics of Cartilage by Mansour Category Biomechanics Category Motor control Category Physical quantities ... more details
Image Aggregate supply.svg thumb right 400px Aggregate supply curve showing the three ranges Keynesian, Intermediate, and Classical. In economics , aggregate supply is the total supply of goods and services that firms in a national economy plan on selling during a specific time period. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are willing to sell at a given price level in an economy. Citation needed date February 2012 Analysis There are two main reasons why Q sup s sup might rise as P rises, i.e., why the AS curve is upward sloping aggregate supply is usually inadequate to supply ample opurtunity. Usually this is fixed Capital economics capital equipment. The AS curve is drawn given some nominal variable, such as the nominal wage rate. In the short run , the nominal wage rate is taken as fixed. Thus, rising P implies higher profits that justify expansion of output. In the neoclassical ... and training and research and development. Different scopes There are generally three forms of aggregate supply AS . They are Short run aggregate supply SRAS During the short run, firms possess ... correlation between price level and output is shown by the SRAS curve. Long run aggregate supply LRAS ... vertical, reflecting economists belief that changes in aggregate demand AD have an only temporary change on the economy s total output. Medium run aggregate supply MRAS As an interim between SRAS ... specifically, the Medium run aggregate supply is like this for three theoretical reasons, namely the Sticky Wage Theory, the Sticky Price Theory and the Misperception Theory. When graphing an aggregate supply and demand model, the MRAS is generally graphed after aggregate demand AD , SRAS, and LRAS ... by capital, labor, technology, and wage rate. In a standard aggregate supply demand model, the output Y is the x axis and price P is the y axis. An increase in aggregate demand shifts the AD ... AD. This point is the short run equilibrium. See also Aggregate demand Aggregation problem Supply ... more details
Infobox company company name Aggregate Industries UK Limited company logo Image Aggregateindustrieslogo.PNG company type Private company Private foundation 1858 location Bardon, Leicestershire Bardon , United Kingdom UK key people Alain Bourguignon, CEO industry Quarrying, construction and building materials products Construction aggregate Aggregates br Concrete br Asphalt br Bespoke and specialist concrete br Blocks br Cement br Commercial hard landscaping br Garden and driveway hard landscaping br Masonry br Ready mix concrete Ready mixed concrete and screed br Tile Roof tiles Roofing tiles revenue operating income net income num employees parent Holcim subsid homepage http www.aggregate.com www.aggregate.com slogan footnotes Aggregate Industries , a member of the Holcim Group , is an Construction aggregate aggregates , construction and building materials group, with its base in the United ... to lease Bardon Hill Quarries . ref http www.aggregate.com history bardon hill quarries.aspx Aggregate ... of English China Clays to form Aggregate Industries . ref http findarticles.com p articles ... p articles mi m3095 is ai n27554095 Aggregate Industries buys US Concrete company Pit ... Islands , and Norway . UK Aggregate Industries UK is divided into the following businesses ref http www.aggregate.com Our businesses Aggregate Industries UK Businesses ref class wikitable Aggregate Industries Overseas Aggregate Supplies Alba Minimix Ash Solutions Bardon Aggregates Bardon ... www.roadtransport.com Articles 2010 11 15 137415 Aggregate Industries39 subbies will not be paid in.htm Aggregate Industries subbies will not be paid in December RoadTransport.com November 15th 2010 ref ... Articles 2010 11 17 137465 Subcontractor warning over future Aggregate Industries.htm Subcontractor warning over future Aggregate Industries work. RoadTransport.com November 19th 2010 ref Commercial ... work from the company in future. References reflist External links http www.aggregate.com Aggregate ... more details
Aggregate planning is an Operations management operational activity that does an aggregate plan for the Production, costs, and pricing production process, in advance of 2 to 18 months, to give an idea to management as to what quantity of materials and other Resource project management resources are to be procured and when, so that the total cost of operation s of the organization is kept to the minimum over that period.. The quantity of outsourcing , subcontracting of items, overtime of labour, numbers to be hired and fired in each period and the amount of inventory to be held in stock and to be backlogged for each period are decided. All of these activities are done within the framework of the company ethics , policies, and long term commitment to the society, community and the country of operation. Aggregate planning has certain prerequired inputs which are inevitable. They include Information about the resources and the facilities available. Supply and demand Demand forecast for the period for which the planning has to be done. Cost of various alternatives and resources. This includes cost of holding inventory, ordering cost, cost of production through various production alternatives ... alternatives. Aggregate Planning is concerned with matching supply and demand of output over the medium time range, up to approximately 12 months into the future. Term aggregate implies that the planning ... categories. The aim of aggregate planning is to set overall output levels in the near to medium future in the face of fluctuating or uncertain demands. Aggregate planning might seek to influence demand as well as supply. Citation needed date November 2010 Aggregate Plan Strategies Level plans Use a constant ... peaks Reassign workers to preventive maintenance during lulls Problems related to Aggregate Planning ... levels are to be determined, must be specified in advance. Treatment of Demand Aggregate planning ... York McGraw Hill Inrwin DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Planning Category Project management ... more details
In computer science , an aggregate function is a subroutine function where the values of multiple rows are grouped together as input on certain criteria to form a single value of more significant meaning or measurement such as a set computer science set , a set computer science Multiset bag or a list computing list . Common aggregate functions include ref cite book title Multiset processing mathematical, computer science, and molecular computing points of view author Cristian Calude publisher Springer year 2001 page 172 isbn 3540430636 ref Average Counting Count Maximum Median Minimum Mode statistics Mode Sum Aggregate functions are common in numerous programming languages such as Ruby programming language Ruby , in spreadsheet s, and in relational algebra . SQL Aggregate Functions SQL aggregate functions return a single value, calculated from values in a column. ref cite book title Dictionary of computer science, engineering, and technology author Phillip A. Laplante page 11 publisher CRC Press year 2001 isbn 0849326915 ref Useful aggregate functions AVG Returns the average value COUNT Returns the number of rows FIRST Returns the first value LAST Returns the last value MAX Returns the largest value MIN Returns the smallest value SUM Returns the sum See also Fold higher order function Group by SQL , SQL implementation References references DEFAULTSORT Aggregate Function Compu lang stub Category Subroutines ar cs Agrega n funkce uk ... more details
, aggregate demand AD is the total demand for final goods and services in the economy Y at a given ... is distinguished. It is often cited that the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping because ... good level, at the aggregate level this is incorrect. The aggregate demand curve is in fact downward ... . Components A aggregate demand curve is the sum of individual demand curves for different sectors of the economy. The aggregate demand is usually described as a linear sum of four separable demand ... aggregate demand AD accessdate 2007 11 04 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20071109072803 http www.tutor2u.net ... counts as part of aggregate demand. Much or most of the investment in inventories can be due ... part of investment I sub p sub is counted as part of aggregate demand. So, I does not include the investment ... rate will cause aggregate demand to decline. Interest costs are part of the cost of borrowing and as they rise, both firms and households will cut back on spending. This shifts the aggregate demand ... s output. In sum, for a single country at a given time, aggregate demand D or AD C I sub p sub ..., so these variables are denominated in real or nominal currency terms. Aggregate demand curves Understanding of the aggregate demand curve depends on whether it is examined based on changes in demand as income changes, or as price change. Keynesian cross main Keynesian cross Aggregate demand aggregate supply model main AD AS model Sometimes, especially in textbooks, aggregate demand refers to an entire ... diagram. File AS AD graph.svg right thumb 300px Aggregate supply demand graph Thus, that we could refer to an aggregate quantity demanded Y sup d sup C I sub p sub G NX in real or inflation corrected terms at any given aggregate average price level such as the GDP deflator , P . In these diagrams ... using ideas from the theory of supply and demand , aggregate supply can help determine the extent to which increases in aggregate demand lead to increases in real output economics output or instead ... more details
thumb 10 mm graded crushed rock or aggregate, for use in concrete. Called blue metal in Australia. Image 20mm aggregate.jpg thumb 20 mm graded aggregate. Construction aggregate , or simply aggregate composite aggregate , is a broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction , including ... and asphalt concrete the aggregate serves as reinforcement to add strength to the overall ... or asphalt to form concrete. Preferred bitumenous aggregate sizes for road construction are given ... 12620 for concrete aggregate, EN 13242 for base layers of road construction and EN 13450 for railway ... for various construction aggregate products, which, by their individual design, are suitable for specific construction purposes. These products include specific types of coarse and fine aggregate ... uses. State transportation departments further refine aggregate material specifications in order to tailor aggregate use to the needs and available supply in their particular locations. Sources for these basic materials can be grouped into three main areas Mining of mineral aggregate deposits, including ... refinement of the production and use of aggregate occurred during the Roman Empire , which used aggregate to build its vast network of roads and aqueducts. The invention of concrete, which was essential ... quarries , which are now used throughout the world, wherever competent bedrock deposits of aggregate ... do not exist. In these areas, natural sand and gravel are mining mined for use as aggregate ... in aggregate by rail, barge or truck . Additionally, demand for aggregates can be partially ... specifically designed for Rock crusher crushing and separating various sizes of aggregate, to create ... of by electric train . Currently, total U.S. aggregate demand by final market sector was 30 35 ... used as construction aggregate is blast furnace and steel furnace slag . Blast furnace slag is either ... for other uses. Glass aggregate, a mix of colors crushed to a small size, is substituted ... more details
two other uses data in computer science Data computing pp move indef Editors please keep the count mass discussion and etymology in the body, not the intro. Data IPAc en icon d e t respell DAY t , IPAc en d t respell DA t , or IPAc en d t respell DAH t are values of Qualitative data qualitative or Quantitative data quantitative variable and attribute research variable s, belonging to a set of items. Data in computing or data processing are often represented by a combination of items organized in rows and multivariate analysis multiple variables organized in columns. Data are typically the results of measurements and can be data visualisation visualised using graph data structure graph s or image s. Data as an abstract concept can be viewed as the lowest level of abstraction from which information and then knowledge are derived. Raw data , i.e., unprocessed data, refers to a collection of number s, character computing characters and is a relative term data processing commonly occurs by stages, and the processed data from one stage may be considered the raw data of the next. Field work Field data refers to raw data collected in an uncontrolled in situ environment. Experimental data refers to data generated within the context of a scientific investigation by observation and recording. The word data is the plural of datum , Grammatical gender neuter past participle ... , engineering , and so on, the terms givens and data are used interchangeably. Such usage is the origin of data as a concept in computer science or data processing data are numbers, words, images ... datum from which distances to all other data are measured. Any measurement or result is a datum , but data point is more usual, ref cite web author Matt Dye year 2001 title Writing Reports url http ... and the originally Latin plural data are used as the plural of datum in English, but data is commonly ... in day to day usage. For example, This is all the data from the experiment . This usage is inconsistent ... more details
otheruses Data disambiguation Debt, AIDS, Trade, Africa or DATA was a multinational Non governmental organization non government organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2 s Bono along with Robert Sargent Shriver III Bobby Shriver and activist s from the Jubilee 2000 Drop the Debt campaign. DATA was created for the purposes of obtaining social equality equality and justice for Africa through debt relief adjusting trade rules which burden Africa eliminating the AIDS in Africa African AIDS epidemic strengthening democracy furthering accountability by the wealthiest nations and African leaders and Transparency humanities transparency towards the people. In 2007, DATA and Bono were jointly awarded the National Constitution Center s 2007 Liberty Medal for their groundbreaking efforts to address the AIDS crisis and extreme poverty in Africa. Start up funds came from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation , financier George Soros , and technology entrepreneur Edward W. Scott . ref cite news url http www.time.com time printout 0,8816,1142270,00.html title The Constant Charmer author Josh Tyrangiel date 2005 12 19 work Time Magazine ref In 2007, DATA and the ONE Campaign decided to join forces, and in January 2008, they formally merged under the name ONE. ref cite news url http www.reuters.com article idUSN2953856520071029 title Bono s U.S. based anti poverty groups to merge author Lesley Wroughton date 2007 10 29 work Reuters ref DATA received support from the Christian rock Alternative rock bands Switchfoot and Third Day . References references External links http www.one.org ONE official site Category International nongovernmental organizations Category HIV AIDS in Africa Category Organizations founded by Bono int org stub de Debt, AIDS, Trade in Africa it DATA sv DATA f rening vi DATA ... more details
Orphan date May 2009 An aggregate project plan APP is the process of creating development goals and objectives and using these goals and objectives to improve productivity as well as development capabilities. The purpose of this process is generally to ensure that each project will accomplish its development goals and objectives. Projects can be differentiated into five types of projects breakthrough, platform, derivative, R&D , or partnered projects such as projects performed with partners or allianced firms . This differentiation determines a project s development goals and objectives as well as resources allocated to that project. ref cite book last Wheelwright first Steven author Steven C. Wheelwright, Kim B. Clark title Revolutionizing product development publisher Simon and Schuster year 1992 page 48 isbn 0 02 905515 6 ref An aggregate project plan provides management with a categorized list of projects, which balances short and long term goals. This list assists management in making difficult decisions such as when to start projects and which projects should be cannibalized. Starting projects in a sequential manner according to the firm s strategy as well as resources available will allow fewer projects to continue simultaneously and improve productivity. Another benefit is the creation of an organizational form for each project type. This creates a focus on the generation of competence and builds the speed and productivity of individuals as well as the organization itself ... & Product Strategy. accessdate 2009 04 28 author Rebecca Henderson ref Aggregate project planning process This is the process a firm undergoes to create an aggregate project plan br 1. Create .... br Examples Optical fiber fiber optic data transfer, Hybrid car hybrid cars br Fiber optic data transfer cables revolutionized the industry of data transfer. This new technology was a breakthrough ... the aggregate project plan. These plans are important and their resource usage should be included ... more details
For more information on this subject, please, refer to the main article named alkali silica reaction . The present page is aimed to reorient you to a particular and more appropriate topic. Alkali aggregate reaction is a term mainly referring to a reaction which occurs over time in concrete between the highly alkaline Portland cement cement paste and non crystalline silicon dioxide , which is found in many common Construction aggregate aggregate s. This reaction can cause expansion of the altered aggregate, leading to spalling and loss of strength of the concrete. More accurate terminology The alkali aggregate reaction is a general, but relatively vague, expression which can lead to confusion. Actually, it is recommended to refer to a more precise definition such as one of the following Alkali silica reaction ASR, main article to read first Alkali silicate reaction , and Alkali carbonate reaction . The alkali silica reaction is the most common form of alkali aggregate reaction. br Two other types are the alkali silicate reaction, in which layer silicate minerals clay minerals , sometimes present as impurities, are attacked, and the alkali carbonate reaction, which is an uncommon attack on certain argillaceous dolomite dolomitic limestone s, likely involving the expansion of the mineral Brucite Mg OH sub 2 sub . The Pozzolanic reaction which occurs in the setting of the mixture of slaked lime and Pozzolan pozzolanic materials has also features similar to the alkali silica reaction, mainly the formation of calcium silicate hydrate CSH . See also Pozzolanic reaction External links http www.cement.org tech cct dur AAR.asp Cement.org Alkali aggregate reaction http www.mannvit.com TestingResearchLab CentreofResearchandTechnologyforAAR Alkali Aggregate Reactions AAR International Centre of Research and Applied Technology Category Cement Category Concrete Category Chemical reactions Disambig Fr R action alcali granulat ... more details
Voids in Mineral Aggregate or VMA is the intergranular space occupied by asphalt and air in a compacted asphalt mixture. In a component diagram , it is the sum of the volume of air and the volume of effective asphalt. The volume of absorbed asphalt is not considered to be a part of VMA because it is part of the pore structure of the mineral aggregate . VMA V sub effective asphalt sub V sub air voids sub References Asphalt Mixture Volumetrics . Category Asphalt ... more details
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