Agriculture in the Bahamas is carried out on small plots throughout most of the islands. Only about 1 of the land area is cultivated. The nature of the terrain limits the scope of farming, which is mainly a household industry. The main crops are vegetables onion s, okra , and tomato tomatoes , the last two raised mainly for export. Inadequate production has necessitated the import of some 80 of the islands food supply. Among steps the government has taken to expand and improve agriculture is the reserving of convert 450000 acre km2 0 exclusively for farming, convert 20000 acre km2 0 of which were converted to fruit farming. Export oriented Orange fruit orange , grapefruit , and cucumber production occurs on Abaco . Agricultural products in 2004 included 55,500 tons of sugar cane , 13,000 tons of grapefruit, 8,700 tons of lemons and Lime fruit lime s, 5,000 tons of tomatoes, and 880 tons of sweet potato sweet potatoes . See also Economy of the Bahamas North America topic Agriculture in Category Agriculture in the Bahamas ... more details
Primary sources date January 2012 KRAV is a Sweden Swedish organization that develops and maintains regulations for ecological sustainable agriculture . KRAV is a member of International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements ref name IFOAM List group IFOAM cite web title List of IFOAM Affiliates url http www.ifoam.org organic world directory publisher IFOAM accessdate 1 February 2012 ref . External links official http www.krav.se System Spraklankar In English KRAV English language version References references group IFOAM Category Sustainable agriculture Category Organic farming organizations Category Organizations based in Sweden Sweden org stub sustainability stub sv Krav ... more details
The application of Information and Communication Technology ICT in agriculture is increasingly important. E Agriculture is an emerging field focusing on the enhancement of agricultural and rural development through improved information and communication processes. More specifically, e Agriculture involves the conceptualization, design, development, evaluation and application of innovative ways to use information and communication technologies IT in the rural domain, with a primary focus on agriculture. E Agriculture is a relatively new term and we fully expect its scope to change and evolve as our understanding of the area grows. E Agriculture is one of the action lines identified in the declaration and plan of action of the World Summit on the Information Society WSIS . The Tunis Agenda for the Information Society, published on 18 November 2005, emphasizes the leading facilitating roles that UN agencies need to play in the implementation of the Geneva Plan of Action. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO has been assigned the responsibility of organizing activities related to the action line under C.7 ICT Applications on E Agriculture. The main phases of the agriculture industry are Plant cultivation Crop cultivation , Water management , Fertilizer Application ... of agriculture industry need information and knowledge about these phases to manage them ... in Agriculture sector and its development. The main applications of ICT in Agriculture sector ... in agriculture sector and rural development. They all have to work together to give better service ... involved in agriculture and rural development. http www.e agriculture.org E Agriculture http www.iol.ie harkin ict in agriculture book.htm ICT In Agriculture https communities.usaidallnet.gov ictforag home ICT to Enhance Impact of Agriculture Development Technology Use dmy dates date January 2011 DEFAULTSORT Ict In Agriculture Category Agriculture Category Information technology Agriculture ... more details
Economy of Greece Greek agriculture Greek agriculture is based on small sized, family owned dispersed units, while the extent of cooperative organization stays at low comparative levels, against all efforts that have been taken in the last 30 years, mainly under European Union supervision. Greek agriculture employs 528,000 farmers, 12 of the total labor force. It only produces 3.6 of the national GDP about 16 billion annually . A large number of the country s immigrants are employed in the agricultural sector of the economy, as well as construction and public works. Currently, Greek agriculture is heavily subsidized by the Common Agricultural Policy CAP , with controversial results. Certain deductions of subsidies are planned within the next decade. Greece produces a wide variety of crops and livestock products. Fisheries are also playing an important role while forestry plays a secondary role. History of the development of Greek agriculture in the 19th and 20th centuries 19th century In the 19th century, Greek agriculture was very basic. Implements found in western Europe had not yet appeared. The following description was reported by William Henry Moffett, American Consul in Athens and was published in the American periodical Garden and Forest Volume 2, Issue 95, 18 December 1889, p. 612 published by Garden and Forest Publishing Co., Tribune Building, New York, N.Y. William H. Moffett, United States Consul at Athens, reports the impossibility of making any official statement as to the agriculture of Greece, because agriculture is here in the most undeveloped condition. Even in the immediate neighborhood of Athens it is common to find the wooden plow and the rude mattock which were in use 2,000 years ago. Fields are plowed up or scratched over, and crops replanted ... using more modern farming methods. Europe topic Agriculture in DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Greece Category Agriculture in Greece ru ... more details
File Xiannongtan pic 2.jpg thumb 250px The Temple of Agriculture Image Xiannongtan pic 1.jpg thumb 250px Temple of Agriculture zh c p xi n n ng t n or Altar of Agriculture is a historic site in Xuanwu District of Beijing , China , and located near the Temple of Heaven . History The Temple of Agriculture was built in the 15th century. ref http www.babylon.com definition Temple of Agriculture Xiannongtan English Temple of Agriculture ref It was used by Ming Dynasty Ming and Qing Dynasty Qing emperors to perform sacrifices. The temple s Jufu Hall was included in the 1998 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund WMF when it was in danger of collapse, and again in 2000 World Monuments Watch 2000 along with the rest of the temple. ref http www.wmf.org project xiannongtan temple agriculture World Monuments Fund Xiannongtan Temple of Agriculture ref In 1998, American Express provided funding through WMF for the restoration of the structure. ref http select.nytimes.com gst abstract.html?res F20A1FF938580C768EDDAF0894D0494D81 Elaine Louie, New York Times, Saving Endangered Art and Architecture, June 25, 1998. ref Other structures on the site were subsequently restored, and the work included stabilization, wood treatment, repair and conservation of the tiles, and consolidation and preservation of the painted decoration. Today, the site has the status of a Nationally Protected Key Cultural Relic . In artwork Panorama image File The Yongzheng Emperor Offering Sacrifice at the Xiannong Altar.jpg height 195px caption The Yongzheng Emperor Offering Sacrifice at the Xiannong Altar from the Qing Dynasty. References reflist External Links http www.wmf.org sites default ..., an imperial altar complex honoring the gods of agriculture, gets a long overdue facelift, Spring 2004, p. 28 33. http www.chinaharmonytravel.com guide attraction.aspx?aid 560 Altar of Agriculture ... title Imperial City, Beijing DEFAULTSORT Temple Of Agriculture Category Places of worship in Beijing ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Agriculture in Uruguay has in the past constituted a hugely significant factor in the economic life of the country and continues to play a sizeable contemporary role. History Agriculture played such an important part in Uruguay an history and national identity until the middle of the 20th century that the entire country was then sometimes likened to a single huge estancia agricultural estate with Montevideo, where the wealth generated in the hinterland was spent, as its casco or administrative head. As another saying went, Uruguay es la vaca y el puerto Uruguay is the cow and the port . When world market prices for Uruguay s main export commodities like beef and wool fell drastically in the 1950s, the country s prosperous golden era came to an end. The Russians Russian settlers who founded San Javier, Uruguay San Javier in 1913 introduced the sunflower as well as some advanced agricultural techniques to Uruguay . They constructed a flour mill and the first sunflower oil producing plant in Uruguay . Contemporary agricultural contribution to Uruguayan economy Today, agriculture still contributes roughly 10 to the country s GDP and is the main foreign exchange earner, putting Uruguay in line with other agricultural exporters like Brazil, Canada and New Zealand. Uruguay is a member of the Cairns Group of exporters of agricultural products. Uruguay s agriculture has relatively low inputs of labour, technology and capital in comparison with other such countries, which results in comparatively lower yields per hectare but also opens the door for Uruguay to market its products as natural or ecological. Campaigns like Uruguayan grass fed beef and Uruguay Natural aim to establish Uruguay as a premium brand in beef, wine and other food products. Estancia tourism Image Estanciahistorica florida uruguay.jpg thumb 280px A heartland of historic estancia ... South America topic Agriculture in Uruguay topics DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Uruguay Category Agriculture ... more details
Infobox Government agency agency name Council of Agriculture nativename nativename a nativename r N ngy W iyu nhu logo Council of Agriculture logo.png logo width logo caption seal seal width seal caption formed September 20, 1984 ref name aboutcoa cite web title About COA url http eng.coa.gov.tw content.php?catid 9501&hot new 8798 publisher Council of Agriculture ref preceding1 Agriculture Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Republic of China MoEA preceding2 Council for Agricultural Planning and Development dissolved superseding jurisdiction ROC headquarters Taipei employees budget chief1 name Chen Wu hsiung chief1 position Minister chief2 name chief2 position parent agency Executive Yuan website http www.coa.gov.tw footnotes The Council of Agriculture zh t p N ngy W iyu nhu is the official government body in the Republic of China Taiwan charged with overseeing agricultural affairs. It is a child agency of the Executive Yuan and was formed in 1984 from the amalgamation of the Agriculture Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Republic of China Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Council for Agricultural Planning and Development. ref name aboutcoa Agencies that operate under the Council of Agriculture include the Fisheries Agency, Forestry Bureau and Soil and Water Conservation Bureau. There was a Sino American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction JCRR established in Nanking according to the Sino American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction of 1948. After the Chinese civil war, JCRR moved to Taiwan. JCRR was combined to the COA when the United States ended the official foreign relation with the Republic of China in 1979. See also Sino American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction Rural Reconstruction Movement Tea Research and Extension Station TRES References http www.coa.gov.tw show index.php Official site Chinese http eng.coa.gov.tw Official site English reflist Taiwan gov stub Executive Yuan Category Government agencies established ... more details
Image AITC CA radish.jpg right Agriculture in the Classroom AITC is a grassroots program coordinated by the United States Department of Agriculture USDA . Its goal is to help students gain a greater awareness of the role of agriculture in the economy and society, so that they may become citizens who ... and government. The USDA supports the state organizations by helping to develop Agriculture ... the goal of an increased awareness of agriculture among the nation s students. History Throughout much of the history of the United States, agriculture and education have been closely related. During ... books and educational materials, educators focused on agriculture as an occupational specialty, rather than an integral part of every student s life. Agriculture education was mainly offered to those few students wanting to make a career of agriculture. During this period, a small nucleus of educators and others persistently pushed for more agriculture in education. They recognized the interlocking ..., clean water, and the preservation and improvement of forests. They kept interest in agriculture ... the 1960s and 70s, as experienced agriculture, conservation, and forestry organizations realized ... of Agriculture, representatives of agricultural groups and educators came to a meeting in Washington ... came from agriculture, business, education, and governmental agencies, some of whom were already conducting educational programs in agriculture. This new task force recommended that the U.S. Department of Agriculture be the coordinator and that it sponsor regional meetings to help states organize ... groups. As a result, in 1981 the USDA established Agriculture in the Classroom, which has the endorsement of all living former Secretaries of Agriculture, the National Association of State Departments of Agriculture, the National Conference of States Legislatures, most of the Governors of the States ... 04 26 ref Significant progress has been made through these partnerships of agriculture, business, education ... more details
jsp community donor conference agriculture agri profile suriname.jsp CARICOM ref In October 2000, the industry ... levels of toxic residues. References Reflist External links http earthtrends.wri.org text agriculture food country profile 171.html Agricultural yields of Suriname South America topic Agriculture in Category Agriculture in Suriname ... more details
File Oshodi market lagos.jpg thumb 200px Farmers market in Nigeria Agriculture in Nigeria is a major branch of the economy in Nigeria , providing employment for 70 of the population. The sector is being transformed by commercialization at the small, medium and large scale enterprise levels. ref name same name Olomola Ade S. 2007 Strategies for Managing the Opportunities and Challenges of the Current Agricultural Commodity Booms in SSA in Seminar Papers on Managing Commodity Booms in Sub Saharan Africa A Publication of the AERC Senior Policy Seminar IX. African Economic Research Consortium AERC , Nairobi, Kenya ref Major crops include beans , sesame , cashew nuts , cassava , cocoa beans , groundnuts , gum arabic , kolanut, maize corn , melon , millet , palm kernel s, palm oil , plantains , rice , rubber , sorghum , soybeans and Yam vegetable yams . In 1990, 82 million hectares out of Nigeria s total land area of about 91 million hectares were found to be arable, although only 42 percent of the cultivable area was farmed. Much of this land was farmed under the bush fallow system, whereby land is left idle for a period of time to allow natural regeneration of soil fertility. 18 million hectares were classified as permanent pasture, but had the potential to support crops. Most of the 20 ... and scattered, and farming is carried out with simple tools. Large scale agriculture is not common. Agriculture contributed 32 to GDP in 2001. ref http www.nationsencyclopedia.com Africa Nigeria AGRICULTURE.html Nigeria agriculture ref The country s agricultural products fall into two main groups ... Nigeria AGRICULTURE.html Nigeria agriculture ref Cocoa is the leading non oil foreign exchange earner ... Africa Nigeria AGRICULTURE.html Nigeria agriculture ref See also Agricultural sustainability in northern Nigeria References reflist External links http www.motherlandnigeria.com agriculture.html Agriculture ... RESIMAO Economy of Nigeria Africa in topic Agriculture in Category Agriculture in Nigeria pt Agricultura ... more details
Agriculture in Cameroon is an industry that has plenty of potential. Overview Agriculture was the main source of growth and foreign exchange until 1978 when oil production replaced it as the cornerstone of growth for the formal economy. In 2004, agriculture contributed 44 percent to GDP. Agricultural development and productivity declined from neglect during the oil boom years of the early 1980s. Agriculture was the principal occupation of 56 percent of the economically active population in 2003 , although only about 15.4 percent of the land was arable. Crops The most important cash crops are Cocoa bean cocoa , coffee , cotton , banana s, rubber , palm oil and kernels, and peanuts . The main food crops are plantain s, cassava , Maize corn , millet , and sugarcane . Palm oil production has shown signs of strength, but the product is not marketed internationally. Cameroon bananas are sold internationally, and the sector was reorganized and privatized in 1987 . Similarly, rubber output has grown in spite of Asian competition. Cameroon is among the world s largest cocoa producers 130,000 tons of cocoa beans were produced in 2004. Two types of coffee, Coffea robusta robusta and Coffea arabica arabica , are grown production was 60,000 tons in 2004. About 85,000 hectares 210,000 acres are allocated to cotton plantations. Some cotton is exported, while the remainder is processed by local textile plant s. Total cotton output was 109,000 tons in 2004. Bananas are grown mainly in the southwest 2004 estimated production was 630,000 tons. The output of rubber, also grown in the southwest, was 45,892 tons in 2004. Estimated production in 2004 of palm kernels and oil was 64,000 and 1,200,000 ... and rice, 62,000 tons. See also Economy of Cameroon References commonscat Agriculture in Cameroon loc Africa topic Agriculture in Cameroon topics DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Cameroon Category Agriculture in Cameroon Cameroon stub fr Agriculture du Cameroun ... more details
Multiple issues onesource April 2009 update April 2009 The major crops for Agriculture in Azerbaijan are agricultural cash crop s, grape s, cotton , tobacco , citrus fruit s, and vegetable s. The first three crops account for over half of all production, and the last two together account for an additional 30 percent. Livestock , dairy product s, and wine and spirits are also important farm products. In the early 1990s, Azerbaijan s agricultural sector required substantial restructuring if it was to realize its vast potential. Prices for agricultural products did not rise as fast as the cost of inputs the Soviet era collective farm system discouraged private initiative equipment in general and the irrigation system in particular were outdated modern technology had not been introduced widely and administration of agricultural program s was ineffective. Most of Azerbaijan s cultivated lands, which total over 1 million hectares, are irrigated by more than 40,000 kilometers of canal s and pipeline transport pipeline s. The varied climate allows cultivation of a wide variety of crops, ranging from peach es to almond s and from rice to cotton. In the early 1990s, agricultural production contributed about 30 to 40 percent of Azerbaijan s net material product, while directly employing about one third of the labor force and providing a livelihood to about half the country s population. In the early postwar decades, Azerbaijan s major cash crops were cotton and tobacco, but in the 1970s ... s croplands, substantially reduced agricultural production beginning in 1989. In 1992 agriculture ... . The conflict induced blockade of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic also disrupted agriculture there. An estimated .... The Ministry of Agriculture Azerbaijan Ministry of Agriculture of Azerbaijan runs procurement centers ... loc http countrystudies.us azerbaijan Country studies Asia topic Agriculture in Europe topic Agriculture in DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Azerbaijan Category Agriculture in Azerbaijan ... more details
Multiple issues onesource April 2009 update April 2009 Agriculture in Qatar has been important for centuries. Small scale farming , nomadic herding , pearling , and fishing were the predominant means of subsistence in the region for the centuries before the discovery of oil . Although the relative importance of these activities has declined as a means of livelihood with commercial pearling disappearing completely , the government has attempted to encourage agriculture and fishing to provide a degree of self sufficiency in food. Between 1960 and 1970 agriculture grew. The number of farm s, for example, increased fourfold to 411. Qatar is who own agricultural land or properties generally hold government jobs and hire Iran ians, Pakistan is, or non Qatari Arab s to manage their farms. The government operates one experimental farm . Of land under cultivation in 1990, about 48 percent was used for vegetable s 23,000 tons produced , 33 percent for fruit and Date fruit date production 8,000 tons , 11 percent for fodder 70,000 tons , and 8 percent for grain s 3,000 tons . In 1990 the country had approximately 128,000 head of sheep , 78,000 goat s, 24,000 camel s, 10,000 cattle , and 1,000 horse s. There are also dairy farm s and about 2,000 chickens for poultry . All but 20 percent of local demand for Egg food egg s is met domestically. Despite the encouragement of agriculture and fishing, these two elements of the economy together produced only about 1 percent of the gross domestic product in 1989. Severe conditions, such as extremely high temperatures and lack of water and fertile soil, hinder increased agricultural production . The limited groundwater that permits agriculture in some ... treated sewage effluent for agriculture. Parkland and public gardens in Doha are already watered ... loc http countrystudies.us persian gulf states 76.htm Country studies Asia topic Agriculture in DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Qatar Category Agriculture in Qatar ... more details
Image Horse with cart.jpg thumb Horse drawn wagon in Orhei District Image Chisinau agricultural exhibition jury 1889.jpg thumb Chi in u agricultural exhibition jury 1889 Agriculture in Moldova and food processing account for about 40 of the country s GDP . Overview Moldova s proximity to the Black Sea gives it a mild and sunny climate. The fertile soil supports wheat , maize corn , barley , tobacco , sugar beet , and soybean s. Beef and dairy cattle are raised, and beekeeping is widespread. Moldova s best known product comes from its extensive and well developed vineyards concentrated in the central and southern regions. In addition to world class wine , Moldova produces liqueur s and sparkling wine . It is also known for its sunflower seeds, walnuts, apples, and other fruits. This makes the area ideal for agriculture and food processing, which accounts for about 40 of the country s GDP . Other successes include the privatization of nearly all of Moldova s agricultural land from state to private ownership, as a result of an United States American assistance program, Pam nt land , completed in 2000. A stock market opened in June 1995. References reflist External links http www.statistica.md dates.php?lang en&ct 9 www.statistica.md main statistical national rapports Europe topic Agriculture in Category Agriculture in Moldova Moldova stub ... more details
Agriculture in Namibia contributes around 5 of the national Gross Domestic Product though 25 to 40 of Namibians depend on subsistence agriculture and herding. Primary products included livestock and meat products, crop farming and forestry. ref http www.state.gov r pa ei bgn 5472.htm ref Only 2 of Namibia s land receives sufficient rainfall to grow crops. As all inland rivers are ephemeral , irrigation is only possible in the valleys of the border rivers Orange River Oranje , Kunene River Kunene , and Okavango River Okavango . ref name SAIIA cite web url http www.saiia.org.za archive eafrica greening the namibian desert an african success story.html title Greening the Namibian Desert An African Success Story last Hoffmann first J rgen publisher South African Institute of International Affairs accessdate 26 October 2011 ref As of 2010, the Minister of Agriculture, Water, and Forestry is John Mutorwa . The Ministry operates a number of parastatals, including NamWater . Although Namibian agriculture excluding fishing contributed between 5 and 6 of Namibia s GDP from 2004 2009, a large percentage of the Namibian population depends on agricultural activities for livelihood, mostly in the subsistence sector. Animal products, live animals, and crop exports constituted roughly 10.7 of total Namibian exports. The government encourages local sourcing of agriculture products. Retailers of fruits, vegetables, and other crop products must purchase 27.5 of their stock from local farmers. In the largely White Namibians white dominated commercial sector, agriculture consists primarily of livestock ranching. There are about 4,000 commercial farms in Namibia, 3,000 of which are owned by whites. ref cite news title Land ministry tests new farm acquisition model url http www.namibian.com.na ... of Agriculture, Water and Forestry References reflist Economy of Namibia Africa topic Agriculture in Category Agriculture in Namibia ... more details
Multifunctionality in agriculture often simply multifunctionality refers to the numerous benefits that agricultural policies may provide for a country or region. Generally speaking, multifunctionality refers to the non trade benefits of agriculture, that is, benefits other than commerce and food production. ref www.wto.org english thewto e glossary e multifunctionality e.htm ref These include, in the WTO definition of multifunctionality, environmental protection, landscape preservation, rural employment, and food security. ref www.wto.org english thewto e glossary e multifunctionality e.htm ref These can be broadly classified as benefits to society, culture, a national economy as a whole, national ... for the population, agriculture may also have provide jobs for rural people and contribute to the viability ... and rural outputs. ref Multifunctionality, u OECD Department for Trade and Agriculture u , OECD.org ... with agriculture are important considerations for policy makers. Sometimes current agricultural ... community. ref Multifunctionality About, u OECD Department for Trade and Agriculture u , OECD.org ... policies on agriculture is one step that may need to be taken for a country to maximize positive ... agriculture corresponds to the needs of society. ref u Multifunctionality Towards an Analytical Framework ... which are trying to promote the production of such outputs of agriculture. ref u Multifunctionality ... About, u OECD Department for Trade and Agriculture u , OECD.org, 20 July 2007 http www.oecd.org about 0,3347,en 2649 33779 1 1 1 1 1,00.html . ref When analyzing the multifunctionality of agriculture ... justifies continued protection and subsidization of agriculture. The United States and the Cairns ... for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition Order Code 97 905 ... Multifuntionality OECD Department for Trade and Agriculture http www.wto.org english thewto e glossary e multifunctionality e.htm WTO Glossary Multifunctionality Category Agriculture Category Policy ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In agriculture and gardening , a drill is a shallow furrow in which seed s or bulb s are placed during seeding. A drill is commonly created by dragging a Hoe tool hoe through the soil in a straight line, leaving a furrow of a centimeter or two for smaller seeds, or a deeper trench of several centimeters for flower bulbs and seed potato es. It makes seeding faster than by individually burying seeds, and also facilitates the creation of straight rows. On a larger scale, for example, in planting potato es, a tractor can pull a furrower implement that quickly creates drills that can be manually or mechanically seeded and covered. In a farming context, drill may also refer to a seed drill , any of a number of mechanical devices used to precisely place seeds in rows. DEFAULTSORT Drill Agriculture Category Agricultural machinery Agri stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 unreferenced date August 2007 The primary purpose of agriculture is food production but concern for other objectives e.g., wildlife, conservation, biodiversity, recreation and scenery have a long history and are of increasing importance in wealthy and urbanized countries. The Set Aside in the EU European Union Set Aside Policy was designed as a means of giving money to farmers to produce non food environmental good s from farmland. Landscape planners are involved with the preparation of agricultural landscape plans for the achievement of non food objectives from agricultural land. See also Landscape planning List of sustainable agriculture topics Permaculture External links http www.deh.gov.au biodiversity publications technical landscape index.html Landscape planning for biodiversity conservation in agricultural regions Category Landscape Category Agricultural land it Paesaggio agrario ... more details
439,068 had risen by 60 percent. ref name lcweb The two traditional export Crop agriculture crops of copra ... References commonscat Economy of the Seychelles Agriculture in Seychelles Reflist Economy of Seychelles Africa topic Agriculture in DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Seychelles Category Economy of Seychelles Category Agriculture by country Seychelles ... more details
Producer , in United States agricultural policy, is generally thought of as a farm operator. However, given the sometimes complex ownership and rental arrangements of today s farms, the 2002 farm bill P.L. 101 171, Sec. 1001 defines a producer for purposes of farm program benefits as an owner operator, landlord, tenant, or sharecropper that shares in the risk of producing a crop and is entitled to a share of the crop produced on the farm. Under this definition, a landlord receiving cash rent is not considered a producer and is not eligible to receive subsidy program payments. However, a landlord receiving crop share as rent is a producer. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Agriculture and horticulture in Flanders has traditionally a familial character, but just like agriculture in other regions, is increasingly characterised by an increase in scale, modernisation and expansion. In Flanders, intensive sectors constitute the largest segment of agriculture pig breeding ... euro . In 2010, 56,575 people were regularly employed in agriculture and horticulture. Since ... many non regular employees working in agriculture, such as seasonal workers and contractors, we count that figure among the full time workers. Flemish agriculture and horticulture employs 44,058 ... 3 . 46 of the Flemish arable area, or 617,000 ha is utilised for agriculture and horticulture. Meadows ... Agriculture 2008 2012. Regional distribution The importance of the agricultural sector in Flanders depends ... on poorer soils. Agriculture and environment The eco efficiency of Flemish agriculture has increased ... and a little more than a quarter is rainwater. In 2008, the total energy usage by agriculture amounted ... agriculture was 8,385 tons of CO2 equivalent s. That is a decrease of 18 compared to 1990. Agriculture ... of CH4 emissions come from agriculture. Methane emissions are primarily derived from digestion processes from livestock farming. Agricultural policy International developments have an impact on agriculture ... in agriculture and horticulture. With 27 , dairy farming had the greatest share of direct support ... Flanders 47 . Agriculture within the agro business complex The agricultural sector does not stand ...?id 1969 Productierekening van de Vlaamse land en tuinbouw 2010 , Department of Agriculture and Fisheries ... of Agriculture and Fisheries, Division for Agricultural Policy Analysis, Brussels. Deuninck J. 2010 ... I aan de landbouwer campagne 2008 , Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Division for Agricultural ... from the Farm Accountancy Data Network 2005 2008 , Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Division .... 2010 http lv.vlaanderen.be nlapps docs default.asp?id 2103 2010 Agriculture Report , Department of Agriculture ... more details
orphan date March 2010 Homeodynamic agriculture is a farming methodology, currently used by over 400 farms, mostly in Italy and Greece, with a few more around the world. Developed in Italy in the late 1990s by Enzo Nastati, it was created from the same teachings of Rudolf Steiner that biodynamic agriculture is based upon. ref name Sept082006 Yvette Varvaressou, http www.ekathimerini.com 4dcgi w articles civ 2 08 09 2006 73977 Health conscious growers turn to biodynamic method , Kathimerini English Edition, 8 September 2006. Accessed 2009 09 02. ref ref name Sept222006 Yvette Varvaressou, http www.ekathimerini.com 4dcgi w articles civ 2 22 09 2006 74538 Biodynamics down on the farm , Kathimerini English Edition, 22 September 2006. Accessed 2009 09 02. ref The homeodynamic method Enzo Nastati Trieste, Italy , developed the homeodynamic agriculture method in the late 90s based upon his study of biodynamic agriculture and other traditional agricultural knowledge. ref name Sept082006 L Albero della Vita Association, based in Trieste, Italy is continuing the work begun by Nastati through research, meetings and seminars. The first step in understanding this method is to move beyond the traditional ... kinds of pollution. This new method of agriculture is a synthesis of biodynamics and homeopathy . ref ... memorized and preserved in water. The tools The principles of homeodynamic agriculture originate in biodynamic agriculture the tools of homeodynamic agriculture are A redesigned astronomical agricultural ... related to GMOs. Astronomical agriculture calendar This is the fundamental reference point for determining ... use of the homeodynamic products and principles in concert with the Astronomical Agriculture ... also Agroecology Biodynamic agriculture Homeopathy Sustainable agriculture References reflist External ... Cultivation Handbook DEFAULTSORT Homeodynamic Agriculture Category Anthroposophy Category Homeopathy Category Organic farming Category Sustainable agriculture it Agricoltura omeodinamica ... more details
Waters Tony Waters. The Persistence of Subsistence Agriculture life beneath the level of the marketplace ... farmers. ref name AmJAgriEcon1968Maypp292 310 Marvin P Miracle, Subsistence Agriculture Analytical .... 292 310. ref Subsistence grain growing agriculture predominantly wheat and barley first emerged during .... Subsistence agriculture also emerged independently in Mexico where it was based on maize cultivation, and the Andes where it was based on the domestication of the potato. Subsistence agriculture ... of California Press. 1980. ref and parts of Asia and Latin America. Subsistence agriculture had ... rather than currency. In Central and Eastern Europe subsistence and semi subsistence agriculture ... Steffen Abele and Klaus Frohberg Eds. . Subsistence Agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe How to Break .... IAMO, 2003. ref Types Shifting cultivation Shifting agriculture slash and burn or Jhooming In this type of agriculture, a patch of forest land is cleared by a combination of felling and burning, and crops ... of agriculture is sustainable at low population densities, but higher population loads require more ... beds. Thus farmers practicing slash and burn agriculture are often much more sophisticated agriculturalists ... about the possibility of a famine among those in cities. See also Commercial agriculture Industrial agriculture Cash crop Hoe farming Opium replacement Slash and burn Subsistence fishing References ... bureaucrats Marvin P Miracle, Subsistence Agriculture Analytical Problems and Alternative ... Agriculture Category Tropical agriculture Category Agricultural labor Category Agricultural economics ... eo Vivteniga agrikulturo fr Agriculture vivri re hi nl Zelfvoorzieningslandbouw no Selvbergingsjordbruk pt Agricultura de subsist ncia simple Subsistence agriculture sv Subsistensjordbruk ... more details
Agriculture in Comoros is an industry in the country of the Union of Comoros . Crops The economy of Comoros is primarily agricultural, with arable land comprising 45 percent of the total land area. Among the chief crops in 2004, in tons, were manioc , 58,000 coconut s, 77,000 banana s, 65,000 sweet potato es, 5,500 rice , 17,000 Maize corn , 4,000 and cloves , 3,000. Other crops include sugarcane , sisal , capsicum peppers , spices , coffee , and various perfume plants such as ylang ylang , abelmosk , lemon grass , jasmine , and citronella . Exports The chief export crops are vanilla , cloves, ylang ylang, and copra. The Comoros, including Mayotte , account for about 80 of world production of ylang ylang essence, which is used in some perfumes. Marketed exports in 2004 included 44 tons of dried vanilla, valued at nearly 18.8 million, or 47 of agricultural exports. Imports Food demand is not met by domestic production, so Comoros is highly dependent on imported foods, especially rice. Over half of all foodstuff s are imported, and about 50 of the government s annual budget is spent on importing food. Productivity Agricultural productivity is extremely low, and cultivation methods are rudimentary. Fertilizer is seldom used by smallholders. About 20 percent of the cultivated land belongs to company estates 20 percent to indigenous land owners who live in towns and pay laborers to cultivate their holdings and 60 percent to village reserves allotted according to customary law. Agriculture contributed about 51 percent to GDP in 2002. See also Economy of Comoros References loc Africa topic Agriculture in Comoros topics DEFAULTSORT Agriculture In Comoros Category Agriculture in Comoros Comoros stub ... more details
Other uses Waterlogging disambiguation Waterlogging Unreferenced date February 2010 Image R 3VAR1.JPG thumb 250px Crop yield Y and depth of water table X in dm . At shallow depth the yield reduces. Image KinderdijkMolens02.jpg thumb 250px Antique Dutch windmill s used to pump water into the embanked river to prevent waterlogging of the lowlands polders behind them. Waterlogging refers to the saturation of soil with water . Soil may be regarded as waterlogged when the water table of the groundwater is too high to conveniently permit an anticipated activity, like agriculture . In agriculture, various crop s need Earth s atmosphere air specifically, oxygen to a greater or lesser depth in the soil. Waterlogging of the soil stops air getting in. How near the water table must be to the surface for the ground to be classed as waterlogged, varies with the purpose in view. A crop s demand for freedom from waterlogging may vary between seasons of the year, as with the growing of rice Oryza sativa . In irrigation irrigated agricultural land, waterlogging is often accompanied by soil salinity as waterlogged soils prevent soil salinity control leaching of the Sodium chloride salt s imported by the irrigation water. From a gardening point of view, waterlogging is the process whereby the soil blocks off all water and is so hard it stops air getting in and it stops oxygen from getting in. See also Drainage Drainage research Drainage system agriculture Effects of weather on sport Environmental impact of irrigation Polder Soil salinity control Watertable control External links http www.waterlog.info gives free downloads of software and articles on land drainage for waterlogging control. agriculture stub Category Irrigation Category Agriculture kk sv Vattenm ttad ... more details
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