Wiktionarypar AinuainuAinu or Aynu may refer to Ainu people , of Japan and the Russian Far East Ainu language Ainu music Ainu cuisine AinuMiddleearth plural Ainur , a primordial spirit in J. R. R. Tolkien s fantasy writings ynu people , of Western China ynu language See also Aino disambiguation disambig ast Ainu de Aino Begriffskl rung fr A nou gl Ainu it Ainu la Ainu hu Ainu egy rtelm s t lap mk nl Aino no Ainu pt Ainu ro Ainu ru fi Ainu sv Ainu olika betydelser th tr Aynu ... more details
For the ethnic group of western China ynu people Infobox ethnic group group Ainu image File AinuGroup.JPG 300px br Group of Ainu people, 1902 photograph. poptime The official Japanese government estimate .... ref name Poisson, B 2002, p.5 br According to Kamchatka Krai provincial authorities Ainu are extinct ... Krai langs Historically Ainu language Ainu and other Ainu languages today, most Ainu speak Japanese ... Orthodox Church Russian Orthodox related The Nihongo Ainu , also called Aynu , Aino .... Historically, they spoke the Ainu language and Ainu languages related varieties and lived in Hokkaid , the Kuril Islands , and much of Sakhalin . Most of those who identify themselves as Ainu still live in this same region, though the exact number of living Ainu is unknown. This is due to confusion over mixed heritages and to ethnic issues in Japan resulting in those with Ainu backgrounds ... of a pure Ainu ethnic group is no longer feasible. ref http books.google.com books?id YgtSqB9oqDIC ..., B. 2002, The Ainu of Japan , Lerner Publications, Minneapolis, p.5. ref History File Bjs48 02 Ainu.jpg thumb A group of Ainu people between 1863 and early 1870s Recent research suggests that Ainu culture ... that Ainu invaded the land of Nivkh, resulting in battles between Ainu and the Yuan Dynasty. ref ... and the Ainu of Ezochi now known as Hokkaido began in the 13th century. ref Weiner, M eds 1997, Japan s Minorities The Illusion of Homogeneity, Routledge, London. ref The Ainu were a society of hunter ... Origins of the Ainu . Retrieved on May 8, 2008. ref During the Tokugawa period 1600 1868 the Ainu ... to trade with the Ainu in the Northern part of the island. Later the Matsumae began to lease out trading rights to Japanese merchants, and contact between Japanese and Ainu became more extensive. Throughout this period Ainu became increasingly dependent on goods imported by Japanese, and suffered ..., The conquest of Ainu Lands Ecology and Culture in Japanese Expansion 1590 1800 University of California ... more details
italictitle orphan date November 2009 Expandfurther date February 2011 The Ainu Times is the only newspaper published in the Ainu language . It uses both special katakana and romanization s in its articles. Its current 2006 editor is Takashi Hamada. External links http www.geocities.jp otarunay taimuzu.html Ainu Times homepage by Takasi Hamada, in Ainu and Japanese http www.webcitation.org 5kmDfSRm5 Archived 2009 10 24 http www.geocities.jp otarunay index.html http www.webcitation.org 5kmDer5HU Archived 2009 10 24 includes pages on Ainu Times http sapporo.cool.ne.jp kumanesir kana unicode21 AT33 cakcak.htm cakcak kamuy oruspe example of Ainu Times, in Ainu, Japanese and Esperanto, by YOKOYAMA Hiroyuki Category Ainu Category Ainu culture Category Newspapers published in Japan Japan company stub Asia newspaper stub de Ainu Times es Ainu Times eo Ainu Times ko ja pt Ainu Times ... more details
For the language family Ainu languages Distinguish2 the ynu language Infobox language familycolor Paleosiberian name Ainu nativename lang ain Aynu itak pronunciation IPA ain ainu i tak states Japan region Hokkaid speakers 100s family Ainu languages Ainu . When considered a single language, classified as a language isolate script Katakana , Latin script Latin iso3 ain notice IPA AinuAinu lang ain , Aynu itak Japanese language Japanese lang ja Ainu go is one of the Ainu languages , spoken by members of the Ainu people Ainu ethnic group on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaid . Until the twentieth century, Ainu languages were also spoken throughout the southern half ... language are extinct, with the last speaker of Sakhalin Ainu having died in 1994 and Hokkaid Ainu is endangered language moribund , though there are ongoing attempts to revive it. Ainu has no generally .... For the most frequent proposals, see Ainu languages . Speakers File Pirka Kotan, Sapporo.JPG thumb Pirka Kotan museum, Ainu language and cultural center in Sapporo Jozankei area Ainu is a Endangered .... Most of the 25,000 200,000 ethnic Ainu people Ainu in Japan speak only Japanese. In the town ... efforts of the late Ainu folklorist, activist and former Japanese Diet Diet member Shigeru Kayano , himself a native speaker. Phonology Ainu syllable s are CV C that is, they have an obligatory syllable ... vowel sounds in Ainu class wikitable style text align center Front vowel Front Central vowel Central ... and grammar linguistic typology Typologically , Ainu is similar in word order and some aspects of phonology to Japanese language Japanese . Ainu has a canonical word order of subject object verb SOV , ref ... Derivation linguistics derivational affixes . Ainu does not have grammatical gender . Plurals are indicated by a suffix. ref name wals.info Classical Ainu, the language of the yukar , is polysynthetic ... colloquial language. Applicative voice Applicatives may be used in Ainu to place nouns in the Dative ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Trichosea ainu image image width 220px image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Noctuidae tribus genus Trichosea species T. ainu binomial Trichosea ainu binomial authority Wileman, 1911 synonyms Moma champa var. ainu small Wileman, 1911 small Trichosea ainu is a moth of the Noctuidae family. It is endemic to Japan . The wingspan is about 40 mm. External links http szmn.sbras.ru old Lepidop Noctuid Acronict.htm Listing of the collection of Siberian Zoological Museum http www.jpmoth.org Pantheidae Trichosea ainu.html Japanese moths Category Pantheinae Pantheinae stub ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Ainu image File AinuGroup.JPG 300px br Group of Ainu people in Sakhalin Oblast ... Krai langs Russian language Russian , Ainu languages rels Russian Orthodox Church Russian Orthodox & Shamanism related Ainu people Ainu of Hokkaido , Kamchadals , Itelmens & Emishi The Ainu people Ainu , also called Kurile , Kamchatka Kurile ... Krai & Kamchatka Krai . Although only around 100 people currently identify themselves as Ainu in Russia ... Ainu ancestry. The low numbers identifying as Ainu are a result of the refusal by the federal government to recognize the Ainu as a living ethnic group. Most of the people who identify themselves as Ainu live in Kamchatka Krai, although the largest number of people who are of Ainu ancestry without acknowledging it are found in Sakhalin Oblast. Subgroups The Ainu of Russia can be subdivided in to six groups, of which three are extinct without even partial descendants. 1. Kamchatka Ainu ... of Japan . Cambridge University Press via Google Books . p. 3. ref 2. Northern Kuril Ainu also known ..., more than a hundred Ainu fled to Kamchatka along with their Russian employers where they were ... in Ust Bolsheretsky District . 3. Southern Kuril Ainu Numbered almost 2,000 people mainly in Kunashir ... all from Nakamura clan survive in Russia. 4. Amur Valley Ainu a few individuals married to ethnic .... Although no one identifies as Ainu nowadays in Khabarovsk Krai , there are a large number of Ulch people ethnic Ulch with partial Ainu ancestry. ref Shaman an international journal for Shamanistic ... de Gruyter via Google Books . p. 37. ref 5. North Sakhalin Ainu Only 5 pure blooded individuals were recorded during the 1926 Russian Census in Northern Sakhalin. Most of the Sakhalin Ainu mainly .... 187. ref Extinct as a tribe, but may be possible to find isolated individuals of distant Ainu ancestry. 6. Southern Sakhalin Ainu Japan evacuated almost all the Ainus to Hokkaido after the WW2. Isolated ... more details
Ainu cuisine is the cuisine of the ethnic Ainu people Ainu in Japan . The cuisine differs markedly from that of the Japanese people Wajin , or ethnic Japan ese. Ainu cuisine, for instance, does not prepare raw meats like sashimi instead preferring to Boiling boil , Roasting roast or Curing food preservation cure meat. The island of Hokkaid in northern Japan is where most Ainu live today however, they once inhabited most of the Kuril islands , the southern half of Sakhalin island , and parts of northern Honsh Island. Until recently, the Ainu were thought to be exclusively a hunter gatherer society, but recent excavations on the Hokkaido University campus have revealed extensive fossilized grains. There are very few Ainu restaurants in the world, such as Ashiri Kotan Nakanoshima in Sapporo , and Poron no and Marukibune in Akan, Hokkaid Ainu Kotan, Hokkaid . Ingredients of the Ainu Cuisine File Japanese wild grasses.jpg right thumb 200px Traditionally, women usually gathered wild plants ... garlic and nihongo ainu negi or ainu negi in Japanese. Pukusa is very similar to Wild leek ... in Ainu cuisine Kitokam a sausage flavored with pukusa porridge Varieties Munciro sayo millet porridge ... . Unlike the majority of the traditional Japanese soups, the Ainu do not use miso or soy sauce ... imo munin fermented in Ainu imo potato es in Japanese language Japanese , savory pancake s made ... . Sources http www.ainu museum.or.jp english eng06.html Ainu Agriculture http www.pbs.org wgbh nova hokkaido ainu2.html Origins of Ainu http www.ainu museum.or.jp english english.html English site of the Ainu Museum http www2.odn.ne.jp rera Official site of an Ainu restaurant in Tokyo, Rera Cise ja icon http jns.ixla.jp users taka20001116845 autumn y 005.htm Official site of an Ainu restaurant in Ainu Kotan, Poron no ja icon http www.sh.rim.or.jp moshiri marukibune rest.html Official site of an Ainu restaurant in Ainu Kotan, Marukibune by Moshiri ja icon Category Japanese cuisine Category Ainu ... more details
Image Oki Ainu Dub Band at tff.Rudolstadt 2007.jpg Oki Ainu Dub Band live in Rudolstadt , July 6, 2007. The two musicians are playing zithers called tonkori . 300px thumb right Ainu music refers to the musical traditions of the Ainu people of northern Japan . Genres include the oldest, yukar mimicry ... famous contemporary performer of Ainu music appears to be the revivalist Oki musician Oki . Traditional Ainu music Ainu music carries Spirituality spiritual resonance in almost all of its forms, and it has played an important role in both the cultural history and the cultural renaissance of the Ainu people . Almost every type of Ainu song is sacred, and even the musical instruments are said to be imbued with Soul spirit soul s Ohnuki Tierney 53 . Traditional Ainu music can be divided into two major groups everyday songs and epic songs. Everyday songs in Ainu tradition were sung in many situations and on an impromptu basis. They were often accompanied by the two most prevalent Ainu musical ... playing traditional Ainu instrument.jpg upright thumb left Woman playing traditional Ainu instrument ... of singing is itself used as a game in some instances, such as Rekuhkara Ainu throat singing ... about everyday songs is very difficult to obtain. Many have never been recorded. Ainu Epic Poetry ... mentioned earlier. Both men and women recite Ainu epics, though the vocal qualities of women are considered ... of deities, while heroic narratives are those narratives featuring the cultural heroes of the Ainu ... of view of the divine participant. One of the most distinctive aspects of Ainu epics is this first ... songs, are regularly featured in Ainu ceremonies. For example, the most famous of Ainu cultural ... that are used as holy objects by the Ainu, as well as the prayers and ceremonies that are used ..., represent the cultural heritage of the Ainu and allow us to understand customs and their mythic significance, but they also act as indicators of the relative well being of the Ainu culture. Identity ... more details
No footnotes date January 2011 Infobox language family name Ainu region Hokkaid formerly southern and central Sakhalin , the Kuril Islands , and perhaps northern Honsh ethnicity Ainu people Ainu , Emishi ? familycolor Paleosiberian family A primary language family child1 Ainu language Hokkaid Ainu child2 Sakhalin Ainu child3 Kuril Ainu child4 Taraika Ainu ref http glottolog.livingsources.org resource ... attested range of the Ainu solid red and suspected former range pink based on toponymic evidence red dots Vovin 1993 , Matagi villages purple dots , and Japanese dialects Japanese isoglosses The Ainu ... isolate . The only surviving member is the moribund Ainu language Hokkaid Ainu . Varieties Shibatani 1990 9 and Bronis aw Pi sudski Pi sudski 1998 2 speak of Ainu languages when comparing the varieties ... 1986 says Hokkaid and Sakhalin Ainu were not mutually intelligible . Hattori 1955 considered Ainu ... islands. Data on Kuril Ainu is scarce, but it is thought to have been as divergent as Sakhalin and Hokkaid . In Sakhalin Ainu, an eastern coastal dialect of Taraika near modern Gastello Poronaysk ... grammatical description. The Last speaker of language last speaker of Sakhalin Ainu died in 1994. Hokkaid Ainu clustered into several dialects with substantial differences between them the neck ..., Hokkaid Yakumo the Classical Ainu of central Hokkaid around Sapporo and the southern coast Iburi ... cape , which was closest of all Hokkaid varieties to Sakhalin Ainu. Most texts and grammatical descriptions we have of Ainu cover the Central Hokkaid dialect. Scanty data from Western voyages ... Sakhalin, which was not sampled by Hattori. Ainu on mainland Japan It is often reported that Ainu ... ethnicity. ref The main evidence for this is the presence of toponym placenames that appear to be of Ainu ... is known to derive from the Ainu word pet river in Hokkaid , and the same is suspected of similar ... no explanation in Japanese, but do in Ainu. The traditional Matagi hunters of the mountain forests ... more details
of the world was musical in the beginning, Il vatar created spirits named the AinuMiddleearth Ainur ... earth peoples See also List of Middleearth peoples Ainur Main AinuMiddleearth The Ainur were ... location name Middleearth colour C0C0C0 image Baynes Map of Middle earth.jpg imagesize 250px caption A Map of MiddleEarth by Pauline Baynes , 1970 source The Hobbit br The Lord of the Rings creator ... br Moria Middleearth Khazad d m br Lothl rien br Mordor br Rivendell br Rohan br Shire Middleearth The Shire br Mirkwood people Vala Middleearth Valar br Maia Middleearth Maiar br Elf Middleearth Elves br Man Middleearth Men br Dwarf Middleearth Dwarves br Hobbit s br Ent s br Eagle Middleearth Eagles br Orc Middleearth Orcs br Troll Middleearth Trolls br Dragon Middleearth Dragons br Wizards Middleearth Wizards Middleearth is the fictional setting of the majority of author J. R. R ... entirely in Middleearth, as does much of The Silmarillion and Unfinished Tales . Tolkien prepared several maps of Middleearth and of the regions of Middleearth where his stories took place. Some were ... earth in the Second and Third Ages. Tolkien s map of Middleearth, however, shows only a small ... other continents. Tolkien wrote many times that Middleearth is located on our Earth . ref name Gerrolt ... of Midgard and Middleearth , he said Oh yes, they re the same the following word is word , not world ... to control the world called Arda Middleearth Arda and the continent of Middleearth on one side the angelic Vala Middleearth Valar , the Elf Middleearth Elves and their allies among Man Middleearth Men on the other the demonic Melkor or Morgoth a Vala fallen into evil and his minions, mostly Orc Middleearth Orcs , Dragon Middleearth Dragons and enslaved men. In later ages, after Morgoth ... from direct involvement in the affairs of Middleearth after the defeat of Morgoth, but in later ... to establish himself as a rival to Sauron for absolute power in Middleearth. Other races involved ... more details
The Ainu creation myths are the traditional creation myth creation accounts of the Ainu people s of Hokkaid , Japan. Their stories share common characteristics with Japanese creation myth s and earth diver creation stories commonly found in Central Asian and Native American cultures. ref name ainuleeming In one version the creator deity sends down a wagtail water wagtail to create habitable land in the watery world below. The little bird fluttered over the waters, splashing water aside and then he packed patches of the earth firm by stomping them with his feet and beating them with his tail. In this way island s where the Ainu were later to live were raised to float upon the ocean . ref name ainuleeming harvnb Leeming Leeming 2009 http www.oxfordreference.com views ENTRY.html?subview Main&entry t279.e3 Ainu Creation ref ref harvnb Sproul 1979 page 215 ref Because Ainu tend to be somewhat hirsutism hirsute , at least in comparison to other East Asia n populations, many Ainu stories maintain that their first ancestor was a bear. However, an alternative version tells of Kamuy sending a heavenly couple to earth called Okikurumi and Turesh. This couple had a son, whom some consider the first Ainu, and he is believed to have given the people the necessary skills to survive. ref name ainuleeming Notes references References cite book title A Dictionary of Creation Myths first David Adams last Leeming first2 Margaret Adams last2 Leeming publisher Oxford University Press year 2009 edition Oxford Reference Online ref harv cite book last Sproul first Barbara C. publisher HarperOne HarperCollinsPublishers title Primal Myths isbn 978 0 06 067501 1 year 1979 ref harv Category Ainu mythology Category Creation myths Japan myth stub ja ru ... more details
the passive voice arayke to be killed aca father uncle a middle aged man Ainu aca may mean ...unsourced date January 2012 The Ainu language of the Ainu people is distinct from those of the people ... oka an ankes night s end, the time just before daybreak, the predawn hour Ainu an night Ainu kes end annoski midnight annoske in some Ainu dialects anun stranger, outsider guest another ... ape fire Ape Huci Kamuy name of the Ainu fire god literally, Fire Grandmother Deity apkas ... Manchurian elm , Ulmus laciniata attus coat attus traditional Ainu coat made from fibers ... probably Ainu at elm fiber Ainu rus fur, hide, skin of an animal http www.kyohaku.go.jp eng dictio ... name for the Ainu people man, adult male, father, husband Aynu Mosir the land of humans the earth Hokkaid aype abalone cf. Japanese awabi abalone B C cape cat cf. Aomori Prefecture ... chape or chappe cat car mouth possessed form caro caroho probably a doublet with Ainu paro mouth caranke appeal n casi fence enclosure fortress, castle possibly from Ainu ci as i we close shut we cause to stand however, cf. Middle Korean cas i walled city castle, fortress cep fish also ciep in some dialects supposedly derived from Ainu ci e pe that which ...? in some dialects, nempara may be used instead of hempara cf. Ainu pa year season hese to breathe ... sacred shaved stick, symbolizing a bird, used for prayer http www.mnh.si.edu arctic ainu html room01.html ine inen four persons inep four things iomante the Ainu bear festival http www.bears.org ... somo ku ipe na I won t eat. ipetam legendary Ainu sword http www32.ocn.ne.jp shoppe ... Typha latifolia bulrush Ainu intensive or reflexive prefix si one self true, real good, fine kina kira ... of kore to give probably from the causative form of Ainu kor to hold to have, i.e. kor de kor e to cause to hold to cause to have kore to give Koropokkuru Korpokkur name of a traditional Ainu ... more details
The first biblical text in Ainu language appeared in 1887, when a tentative edition of 250 copies of Matthew 1 9, translated from the Greek with the aid of the Revised Version, by John Batchelor , assisted by a local Ainu, was published. ref Christopher J. Frey, Ainu schools and education policy in nineteenth century Hokkaido Indiana University, 2007 p.191. ref ref John Batchelor, Ainu Mission Sapporo Station Report, Conference 1893 March 1893 . CMS Archives, G1 J 1893 126. 24 ref ref Minutes of the 11th Meeting of the Finance Committee of the Japan Mission 6 May 1893 . CMS Archives, G1 J 1893 154. ref Matthew and Jonah, by the same translator, were issued in 1889, the proofs being read by Mr. George Braithwaite, the agent of the British and Foreign Bible Society in Japan. In 1891 Mr. Batchelor returned to England and published the remaining Gospels. In 1893 a tentative edition of 300 each of Galatians, Ephesians, and Philippians, by the same translator, was prepared, which was published at Yokohama by a joint committee of the three Bible Societies British and Foreign, American, and National of Scotland in 1894. The Psalms and revised Gospels were issued in 1895. In 1897 a revised New Testament, by the same translator, with Ainu aid, was published at Yokohama by the joint committee. ref George A. King, In Our Tongues A Popular Handbook to the Translation Work of the British and Foreign Bible Society General Books, 2010 page 10. ref class wikitable style text align center width ... of Bible translations into Ainu John Batchelor 1897 . Seisho Shinyaku Ainu New Testament in Ainu . Printed for the Bible Society s committee for Japan by the Yokohama bunsha. British and Foreign Bible Society 1891 . St. Mark, St. Luke, and St. John in Ainu . London British and Foreign Bible Society. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Bible Translations Ainu Category Ainu language Category Christianity in Japan Category Bible translations by language Ainu ... more details
Portal Middleearth A list of species, races, peoples, nations and factions of J. R. R. Tolkien s Middleearth legendarium . inc lit For descriptions of some of the peoples, see Middleearth peoples . For a list of individual characters see List of Middleearth characters . compactTOC8 side yes top yes num yes NOTOC A Edain Adan Man Middleearth Afterborn Man Middleearth Aftercomers AinuMiddleearth Ainur Aratar Atanat ri Atani Middleearth Atani Aulendur Avari Middleearth Avari B List of hobbit ... of Dunharrow Dragon Middleearth Dragons Dr edain Dr g Druids D nedain Dunlendings Durin s folk Dwarf Middleearth Dwarves E Eagle Middleearth Eagles Eagles of Manw Easterlings Edain Edhel Eldar Middleearth Eldar Elendili Elf Middleearth Elves Ent Middleearth Ent s oth od Exiles Middleearth Exiles ... hobbits Firebeards Forodwaith G Orc Middleearth Goblins Giant Middleearth Giants Giant Spider s H Hadorians Haladin Half elven Haradrim Harfoots Elf Middleearth High Elves Hobbit s Horses of Middleearth Horses House of An rion House of B or House of Elendil House of Finw House of Hador House ... Maia Middleearth Maiar Marachians Man Middleearth Men Men of Twilight Moriquendi N Nandor Middleearth Nandor Nazg l Nibin Noeg Noegyth Nibin Noldoli Noldor Northmen Middleearth Northmen N men reans O Olog hai Oliphaunt s Orc Middleearth Orcs P Petty dwarves Peredhil Princes of Dol Amroth List of hobbit ... Ruffians Middleearth Ruffians S Silvan Elves Sindar Snowmen of Forochel Solisimpi Sons of F anor Southrons ... of Men Took clan Took Troll Middleearth Trolls U manyar Union of Maedhros Uruk hai Urul ki V Vala Middleearth Valar Valaraukar Vampire Middleearth Vampire Vanyar Variags of Khand Variags W Wainriders Warg s Werewolf Middleearth Werewolves White Council Wizard Middleearth Wizards Wood elves Woses Middleearth DEFAULTSORT Middleearth Peoples Category Lists of literary characters Category Middleearth races Category Middleearth lists Peoples fr Liste des peuples de la Terre du Milieu he ... more details
. References Reflist 2 Ainur DEFAULTSORT AinuMiddleearth Category Middleearth races Category ...Portal Middleearth Me races The Ainur are the immortal Spirits existing before Creation in J. R. R. Tolkien s fictional universe. These were the first beings made of the thought of Eru Il vatar . ref name silmarillion Citation first J.R.R. last Tolkien author link J.R.R. Tolkien title The Silmarillion place New York City publisher Houghton Mifflin year 1977 doi isbn 0 618 12698 8 ref Publication history The sir of the Norse mythology , the Ogdoad s of Gnosticism , and the angel s of Christian mythology all inspired Tolkien for creating his Ainur. Citation needed date December 2011 Fictional history Before the Creation, Eru Il vatar made the Ainur or Holy Ones . This Quenya name comes from the Elvish root ayan revere, treat with awe . ref name PE17 J.R.R. Tolkien, Words, Phrases and Passages , Parma Eldalamberon 17, p. 149. ref Ainur only appears in plural in Elvish texts since after the Creation all those were Maia Middleearth Maiar includes Vala Middleearth Valar and their lesser kin, but not those who did not take part in the Great Theme, or else did not enter E . ref name PE17 This means that only apocryphal texts written by Men and Hobbits used the singular Ainu . The Universe was created through the Music of the Ainur or Ainulindal , music sung by the Ainur in response to themes introduced by Eru. This created universe, song endowed with existence by Eru, was called E in Quenya. The Earth and our Solar System are part of the Creation. These are called Arda Middleearth Arda in Quenya. Those of the Ainur who felt concern for the Creation entered it, and became the Vala Middleearth Valar and the Maia Middleearth Maiar , the guardians of Creation. The Holy One Melkor or Melko claimed the Earth for himself. His brother Manw and several others Holy Ones decided ... fr Ainur gl Ainur it Ainur la Ainur hu Ainuk K z pf lde nl Ainur ja no Ainu Tolkien pl Ainur pt ... more details
Races AinuMiddleearth Ainur Vala Middleearth Valar Maia Middleearth Maiar Wizard Middleearth Istari ... Middleearth &ndash fictional setting of the majority of author J. R. R. Tolkien s Tolkien s legendarium fantasy writings . The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings take place entirely in Middleearth, as does much of The Silmarillion and Unfinished Tales . The term Middleearth is also a nickname of the entirety ... , which refers to the universe. Nature of MiddleearthMiddleearth can be described as Fiction &ndash ... Christopher Tolkien Published works The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 1 The Book of Lost Tales 1 1983 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 2 The Book of Lost Tales 2 1984 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 3 The Lays of Beleriand 1985 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 4 The Shaping of Middleearth 1986 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 5 The Lost Road and Other Writings 1987 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 6 The Return of the Shadow The History of The Lord of the Rings v.1 1988 The History of Middleearth The History of Middle ... of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 8 The War of the Ring The History of The Lord of the Rings v.3 1990 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 9 Sauron Defeated includes The History of The Lord of the Rings v.4 1992 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 10 Morgoth s Ring The Later The Silmarillion Silmarillion v.1 1993 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 11 The War of the Jewels The Later Silmarillion v.2 1994 The History of Middleearth The History of Middleearth, Vol. 12 The Peoples of Middleearth 1996 The History of Middleearth Index 2002 &ndash combined index published six years after the series was completed ... of E Timeless Halls E The Void Middleearth The Void Arda Middleearth Arda Sun Middleearth ... more details
unreferenced date June 2009 bot yes Portal Middleearth In J. R. R. Tolkien s fictional universe of Middleearth , the time is typically rendered in Ages. Ages are one calendar era epoch of the Valar. Before the arising of the Sun Middleearth Sun they were approximately one thousand Valian Years in length the exact length of a Valian Year varied in different drafts of Tolkien s texts from close to 10 Sun years in most versions to precisely 144 Sun years in his final estimation . After the Sun, Ages sped up and length is more variable. The Years of the Sun began with the 30th Valian Age, and the Fourth Age of Middleearth began with the 37th Valian Age. However, only four, not seven Ages are counted. The Second and later Ages, during the Years of the Sun, correspond more to the earlier Valian Era s than to their Ages. Before the AinuMiddleearth Ainur were made. Duration Meaningless. Before E the universe was made. Duration Meaningless. Before Arda the world was made. Duration Unknown. The earliest age of Arda, when the Vala Middleearth Valar shaped the world. Duration Valian Years 1 5,000 five Ages . The Years of the Lamps . Duration V.Y. 100 10,000 five Ages . The Years of the Trees . Duration V.Y. 10,000 30,000 twenty Ages . The first Era of the Two Trees , and the beginning of the count of Time. Duration V.Y. 10,000 20,000 ten Ages . The second Era of the Two Trees, and the coming of the Elf Middleearth Elves . Duration V.Y. 20,000 30,000 ten Ages . The Age of the Stars, when the Awakening of the Elves Elves awoke , and the first age of the captivity of Morgoth Melkor . The second age of the captivity of Melkor. The third age of the captivity of Melkor. The age in which Melkor lived in Valinor . The Years of the Sun . The First Age . Duration 450 Years of the Trees 583 Years of the Sun. The Second Age . Duration 3441 Years of the Sun. The Third Age . Duration 3021 ... Dominion of Men Dark Years Elder Days Middleearth Category Middleearth eras es Cronolog a de ... more details
Portal Middleearth Me races The Maiar singular Maia are beings from J. R. R. Tolkien s high fantasy Tolkien s legendarium legendarium . They are lesser AinuMiddleearth Ainur who entered E in the beginning of time. Tolkien uses the term Vala Middleearth Valar The Powers to refer both to all the Ainur who entered E , and more often specifically to the greatest among them, the fourteen Lords and Queens of the Valar. So the Maiar are at the same time lesser Valar and the helpers of the greater Valar. Valar without qualification generally refers to the great Valar. The name Maiar is in the Quenya tongue and comes from the Elvish root maya excellent, admirable . ref JRR Tolkien, Words, Phrases and Passages , Parma Eldalamberon 17, p. 174. ref Maiar refers in Quenya to all the Ainur who entered E , the Ainulindal Creation , and more often to the lesser power among them Maia is the name of the Kin of the Valar, but especially of those of lesser power than the 9 great rulers wrote Tolkien. ref JRR Tolkien, Words, Phrases and Passages , Parma Eldalamberon 17, p. 174. ref In the Valaquenta it is told that many Maiar associated themselves with a Vala for example, Oss and Uinen , who ruled the Seas, acted under Ulmo , while Curumo, who came to be known in Middleearth as Saruman , was with Aul the Smith. Sauron also was with Aul before being corrupted by Melkor . Being of divine origin ... of Elf Middleearth Elves or other creatures these veils , called fanar in Quenya, could be destroyed ... sent several Maiar to Middleearth to help contest the evil of Sauron. They had great skills of hand ... Middleearth Radagast the Brown Aiwendil , and two Blue Wizards Alatar and Pallando who are mentioned ... Maiar.htm Annals of Arda maiar ainur DEFAULTSORT Maia Middleearth Category Middleearth Maiar ... knowledge, not by ruling them with fear and force. They were known as the Wizard Middleearth Istari , or Wizards, and included Gandalf the Grey Ol rin or Mithrandir later Gandalf the White ... more details
about the races in J. R. R. Tolkien s fictional fantasy world of Middleearth the book The Peoples of Middleearth the full list of peoples List of Middleearth peoples Peoples of Middleearth refers to the many different peoples or races in J. R. R. Tolkien s fictional fantasy world of Middleearth . Free peoples This section is linked from War of the Ring Ainur main AinuMiddleearth See also Vala Middleearth and Maia Middleearth Angelic spirits created by Eru Il vatar at the Beginning. The Ainur were divided into two groups the Vala Middleearth Valar , Guardians of the World who resided in the Undying Lands of Valinor outside the circles of Arda Middleearth Arda , and the Maia Middleearth ... earth, some Maiar such as the Wizard Middleearth Istari Wizards , Melian , and the Dark Lord Sauron assumed mortal forms to help or hinder the peoples of Middleearth. Dwarves main Dwarf Middleearth ... Erebor the Lonely Mountain, the Iron Hills , the Ered Luin Blue Mountains , and Moria Middleearth ... precious metals throughout the mountains of Middleearth. The Dwarven language was created ... main Eagle Middleearth The Eagles were immense flying birds that were Sentience sentient , and could speak. The Eagles fought alongside the army of the Vala Middleearth Valar , Elves and Edain ... Elf Middleearth The Elves, or Firstborn, were the first of Eru Il vatar Eru s Children to awaken. Born ... occurred when some left Middleearth to live in the blessed realm of Valinor , while others stayed ... earth Avari who refused the great journey. Elves who stayed in Middleearth and never saw the light ... became the Laiquendi Green elves , the Sindar Grey elves and the Nandor Middleearth Nandor . These elves of the great journey who remained in Middleearth were then called the manyar The Unwilling . The Eldar ... went back to Middleearth in their quest for the Silmaril s, while the Vanyar remained in Valinor ..., and go without wearing shoes. Many hobbits live in the Shire Middleearth Shire as well as Bree Middle ... more details
The following are lists relating to Middleearth , that is, to the legendarium of J. R. R. Tolkien in his fictional universe of which the most famous story is The Lord of the Rings . Lists Kings of N menor List of hobbit families List of Hobbits List of Kings of Arnor List of Kings of Dale List of Kings of Gondor List of kings of Rohan List of male hobbits List of Middleearth animals List of Middleearth articles by category List of Middleearth characters List of Middleearth Dwarves List of Middleearth Elves List of Middleearth food and drink List of Middleearth objects List of Middleearth Orcs List of Middleearth peoples List of Middleearth plants List of Middleearth rivers List of Middleearth roads List of Middleearth wars and battles List of Middleearth weapons and armour List of Middleearth writings List of N men reans List of original characters in The Lord of the Rings film trilogy List of original characters in The Lord of the Rings film trilogy List of rulers of N menor Minor battles in The Lord of the Rings Minor battles in The Lord of the Rings Minor places in Arda Minor places in Beleriand Minor places in Middleearth Ruling Queens of N menor Stewards of Gondor See also Portal MiddleearthMiddleearth Category MiddleearthMiddleearth Category Middleearth Category Middleearth lists Articles Category Lists of lists Middleearth articles ... more details
Guide to Middleearth may mean A Guide to Middleearth , ed. Robert Foster, 1971 The Complete Guide to Middleearth , revised and expanded ed. Robert Foster, 1978 disamb ... more details
of kind popularly ascribed to the Wizards Istari . Supernatural beings The AinuMiddleearth ...Unreferenced date April 2007 Portal Middleearth Magic , here defined as mystical, paranormal, or supernatural activity, appear in various forms in J. R. R. Tolkien s fictional realm of Middleearth . Creation myth See entry under The Silmarillion . Laws of nature In Middleearth there is a shadow realm where the creatures such as the Ringwraiths have a distinctly different presence than that observable in the normal world. According to Gandalf, High Elves exist simultaneously in both worlds ...for those ... which dooms Barahir s party, and the Dead Men of Dunharrow . Prophecy is real in Middleearth Boromir ... of the Witch king s doom, and both the Maia Middleearth Maia Melian and her descendant Elrond are known ... Middleearth Valar also invokes magic of a kind, as did F anor s terrible oath cquote For so ... L thien and Beren change shape in order to infiltrate Angband Middleearth Angband , and L thien ... merely be superstition. There are talking and sapient Eagle Middleearth Eagles of immense size found in Middleearth. The first two categories are intrinsic to Middleearth and are therefore ... Elf magic? External links http tolkien.slimy.com essays MagicEssay.html Magic in Middleearth by Steuard ... magic.html &ndash Other webpages that address the issue http lotr.wikia.com Magic Middleearth LOTR Database Project Middleearth DEFAULTSORT Magic MiddleEarth Category Middleearth Category Magic ... Galadriel gives to the Fellowship, such as Frodo s Phial and Sam s box of earth from the gardens ... and never came undone till ordered. The palant r i are similar to modern videophones, but are in Middleearth clearly magical and more similar to divining spheres used by Fortune telling soothsayer ... heal it by mere touch. In The Two Towers , Gandalf first uses magic to disarm Aragorn and Gimli Middleearth Gimli and destroy an arrow Legolas fired at him and later in the book, he uses his voice to prevent ... more details
Middleearth may refer to a translation of Old Norse Midgard , Old English middengeard , the world of mortals in Germanic mythology Middleearth , the fictional setting of J. R. R. Tolkien s fantasy writings Middleearth Collectible Card Game , a card game based on the Tolkien setting MiddleEarth Housing , a residence hall of the University of California, Irvine disambiguation ... more details
name for the universe , as a realization of the vision of the AinuMiddleearth Ainur . The word comes ...This is an overview of the cosmology of J. R. R. Tolkien s Middleearth Tolkien s legendarium legendarium . Each entry is followed by any alternative names, any roughly corresponding primary world name in parentheses, and a brief description. A question mark after the primary world name indicates that the identification may be partially speculative or disputed. div id Timeless Halls Timeless Halls Heaven The home of Eru Il vatar Eru God outside of Time. They are similar to Heaven in that they exist outside the boundaries of the universe and in that they do not have a physical form. Some hypothesize they are the final destination of the souls of Man Middleearth Men however, it is a greater possibility they may be only a temporary, intermediate dwelling before the restoration of Arda. In fact ... the universe into actuality. div div id Arda Arda , Ilu See Arda Middleearth Arda . The world, including ... of Belegaer in the northwest of Middleearth a chasm of ice is formed, the Helcarax . Vaiya cannot ... respectively. ref See Sun Middleearth . div div id Borgil Borgil Aldebaran ? ref cite journal ... volume 12 pages 83 ref the Moon ref name RotK ME ref RotK Appendix E.I, TH ref See Moon Middleearth ... of the Elves . It also formed the symbol of Durin , seen on the doors of Moria Middleearth Moria ... of birds are found. div div id Ambar Ambar , Imbar Earth The actual solid land mass of the world. Middleearth is one continent of Ambar. div div id ar ar Oceans The seas of the world. div References Portal Middleearth reflist External links http www.physics.ccsu.edu larsen tolkien.html The Astronomy of Middleearth Astronomical Motifs and Motivations in the Work of J.R.R. Tolkien , a collection of papers presented by Kristine Larsen Middleearth Category Middleearth astronomy es Astros ..., although it may have been changed into the upper Earth s atmosphere atmosphere of the world. div ... more details
of Il vatar in singing the Second Music of the AinuMiddleearth Ainur . ref ME ref sil ref However ..., often called Middleearth , and set in the remote past. They appear in The Hobbit and in The Lord ... Burns title Perilous realms Celtic and Norse in Tolkien s Middleearth publisher University of Toronto ... authorlink Tom Shippey first Tom last Shippey title The Road to Middleearth publisher Harper Collins ... Celtic and Norse in Tolkien s Middleearth page 23 publisher University of Toronto Press isbn 0 8020 ... , Tolkien claimed the Elvish languages Middleearth Elvish language Sindarin has a character ... of the ills of Middleearth in The Lord of the Rings , having independently created the Three Rings ... History Middleearth elves Origins Originally, in the 1910s and 1920s, Ingw , Finw and Elw their final ... in The War of the Jewels , part of the analytical The History of Middleearth series, in 1994, but a similar ... in order. The now sixty Elves dwell by the rivers, and they invent poetry and music in Middleearth .... ref ME ref WOTJ Quendi and Eldar ref They were discovered by the Vala Middleearth Vala Orom , who ... the Orc Middleearth Orcs . However, Tolkien ultimately became uncomfortable with this Elvish origin, and devised different theories about the Orc Middleearth The origin of Orcs origin of Orcs ... to Middleearth, Ingw , Finw and Elw convinced a great host to take the journey to Valinor. Not all Elves accepted the summons though, and those who did not became known as the Avari Middleearth Avari ... back and stayed in the vales of the Anduin , and became the Nandor Middleearth Nandor these were led ... Ingw , Finw and Elw are not the same elves as Imin, Tata and Enel Exile Main Exiles Middleearth ... Melian the Maia Middleearth Maia . He became the overlord of Beleriand, naming himself Thingol ... stayed. During the Second Age they founded the Realms of Lindon Middleearth Lindon , Eregion and Mirkwood ... of Power , but after the War of the Ring they waned further, and most Elves left Middleearth ... more details
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