Tone date June 2011 File KrasAir Ilyushin Il 96 spotting Mishin.jpg thumb 300px A group of spotters at Domodedovo International Airport taking photos of a KrasAir Ilyushin Il 96 300 2008 . Aircraftspotting or plane spotting is the observation and logging of the aircraft registration registration numbers of aircraft Glider aircraft glider s, powered aircraft, balloons, airship s, helicopter s, and microlight s. When spottingaircraft, observers notice the key attributes of an aircraft. They may notice ..., UK The Crowood Press Ltd., 1992. ISBN 1 84037 253 2. External links commons category Aircraftspotting ... below this line http www.spotterswiki.com A Wiki for Spotters DEFAULTSORT AircraftSpotting Category Individual aircraft Category Observation hobbies cs Leteck spotter es Spotting fr Spotter hr Promatranje ... the size of the aircraft and the number, type and position of its engines. Another clue to what ... clues to its type. If it is an antique or light aircraft it might have a tail wheel. Some aircraft ..., cockpit placement, colour scheme or special equipment that changes the silhouette of the aircraft. Taken together these clues will enable the identification of an aircraft. If the observer is familiar with the airfield being used by the aircraft and its normal traffic patterns, he or she is more likely to leap quickly to a decision about the aircraft s identity they may have seen the same type of aircraft from the same angle many times. Due to technical development, more and more spotters are using equipment like radar decoders to track the movements of aircraft. The two most famous devices ... of a SBS Box ref Spotting styles File Spotters at Zagreb airport.JPG thumb right Unobstructed by a security ... . Some spotters will note and compile the markings, a Military aircraft insignia national insignia or airline livery or logo perhaps, a squadron badge or code letters in the case of a military aircraft ... s construction number. Camouflage markings differ, depending on the surroundings in which that aircraft ... more details
Wiktionary Spotting may refer to Pastimes Aircraftspotting Bus spotting Car spotting Train spotting Spots cannabis , a method of smoking cannabis Physical activities Spotting climbing Spotting gymnastics , assistance provided by a coach during a gymnastics move Spotting dance technique , a technique used by dancers to maintain control while executing turns Spotting weight training Other Artillery spotting or bombardment spotting, observing the result of artillery or shell fire and providing corrective targeting data to the firer Spotting photography Car spotting disambiguation Metrorrhagia , vaginal bleeding that is not synchronized with a menstrual period disambig ... more details
. Bus Enthusiast The term bus enthusiast has a wider meaning than just spotting buses. Bus enthusiasts ... See also Portal Buses Roadgeek Railfan Bus preservation in the United Kingdom DEFAULTSORT Bus Spotting ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Keyword spotting is a subfield of speech recognition that deals with the identification of keywords in utterances. There are several types of keyword spotting Keyword spotting in unconstrained speech Keyword spotting in isolated word recognition Keyword spotting in unconstrained speech appears when keywords may not be separated from other words, and no grammar is enforced on the sentence containing them. Some algorithms used for this task are Sliding window and garbage model K best hypothesis Iterative Viterbi decoding Keyword spotting in isolated word recognition appears when the keywords are separated from other texts by silences. The main technique that applied in such problems is dynamic time warping . Category Speech recognition pl Word spotting ... more details
NOTOC Refimprove date November 2007 File Yukon spotting scope.jpg thumb A 100mm spotting scope with a coaxial 30mm finderscope . File Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild P014590, Rossitten, Vogelwarte.jpg thumb An ornithologist using a spotting scope. File US Navy Seals fires M 91.JPEG thumb Marksman assisted by a spotter using a spotting scope. Spotting scopes are used on target ranges to avoid walking to the target to verify the placement of hits. A spotting scope is a small portable telescope with added optics to present an erect image , optimized for the observation of terrestrial objects. They are used for birdwatchers birdwatching and other naturalist activities, for hunter hunting , verifying a marksman s shots, surveillance , and for any other application that requires more magnification than a pair of binoculars , typically on the order of 20 to 60 . The Optical telescope Light gathering power light gathering power and Optical telescope Angular resolution resolution of a spotting scope is determined by the diameter of the objective lens , typically between convert 50 and 80 mm in 1 abbr on . The larger the objective, the more massive and expensive the telescope. The optical assembly has a small Refracting telescope refracting objective lens , an image erecting system that uses either image erecting relay lenses or prisms porro prism s or roof prism s , and an eyepiece that is usually removable and interchangeable to give different magnifications. Other telescope designs are used such as Schmidt Cassegrain telescope Schmidt and Maksutov telescope Maksutov optical assemblies. They may have a ruggedised design, a mounting for attaching to a tripod , and an ergonomics ergonomically designed and located knob for focus control. Eyepieces are usually interchangeable to give different ... here http www.birding.in birding optics spotting scopes.htm Birding Scopes http askabiologist.asu.edu ... Advanced Birders Guide Spotting Scopes References reflist Category Telescopes de Spektiv es Catalejo ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 otheruses A Car spotter is a person who is typically strongly interested, in an amateur capacity, in car spotting , i.e., observing or photographing interesting, vintage, rare, modified and supercar s on public roads. ref name lat http www.thetransitcoalition.us newspdf lat20060517a.pdf Chasing Exotic Cars Is Their Pursuit , Los Angeles Times , May 17, 2006, http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi?f c a 2006 05 26 MTG7RJ1RIM1.DTL reprinted in San Francisco Chronicle May 26, 2006 ref Car spotters can be found worldwide. A car spotter may also log about his or her spots on an internet forum , such as Cardatabase.net ref http www.cardatabase.net Cardatabase.net ref , ExoticSpotter.com ref http www.exoticspotter.com ExoticSpotter.com ref , CarSpotting.com ref http www.carspotting.com carspotting.com ref , or streetfire.net, ref http www.streetfire.net StreetFire.net ref says a 2006 Los Angeles Times article. ref name lat . Spyder Dobrofsky car spotter and Founder of Car parazzi.com , informed CNN of Bo Stefan Eriksson s crash of his Enzo Ferrari car Ferrari Enzo . ref name lat References Reflist Further reading John Dudley 1952 ABC of motor car spotting Greenwood Graeme 1949 ABC of Motor Car Spotting 1935 1948 Category Automobiles Category Observation hobbies Auto stub fr Car spotting he nl Autospotter ... more details
Refimprove date January 2009 In the production of Photographic printing photographic prints , spotting is a type of Photo manipulation retouching concerned with correcting minor flaws in the finished print with specially made paint s, dye s, pencils and pens ref The Art of Handpainting Photographs , p. 34, Basic Supplies Spotting Kits, Pens and Pencils http books.google.com books?id NXH6aN8bz4wC&printsec frontcover PPA34,M1 ref . White spots on gelatin silver prints made from negatives are caused by dust adhering to the Negative photography negative or paper during exposure. Prints from positive transparencies exhibit black marks. White spots can be carefully darkened using a fine paintbrush and a dye of the appropriate colour. A small amount of dye, which should be very weak, is needed. The spot will darken as dye accumulates in the gelatin layer. Black spots on gelatin silver prints are caused by holes in the negative s emulsion. These can be removed by careful knifing of the gelatin layer. For spotting work, always use a magnifying glass and a good light source. ref http photo.net bboard q and a fetch msg?msg id 005DGF ref References Reflist External links http www.ilfordphoto.com applications page.asp?n 120 photo stub Category Photographic techniques ... more details
portable artillery, and the later development of laser rangefinder s would in turn make spotting ... M8C .50 in ref Wombat, User Handbook Wombat, User Handbook , Section 5. Spotting Rifle 0.5in ..., such as the M50 Ontos , used multiple barrels, spotting rifles were usually provided for each ... used six barrels with four spotting rifles two without, to avoid making an already tall vehicle even ... it with only two of the spotting rifles installed in their mounts. ref File M50 ontos vietnam.gif ref The Ontos also often only carried four or even two main rifle tubes. Recoilless rifles using spotting ... 106 mm Recoilless Gun FV4401 Contentious Rocket launchers Perhaps the smallest weapons to use spotting ... cartridgecollectors.org cmo cmo05oct.htm ref This same spotting rifle and round was later adopted ... have used spotting rifles, termed a ranging gun for ranging their main gun. This was a short lived ... tracer effect of the spotting round was sometimes used in an M2. Mounted in the Centurion ... for use when ranging. References Commons category Spotting rifles Notes Reflist colwidth 30em Bibliography ... more details
Refimprove date February 2012 Storm spotting is a specific type of weather spotting in which human observers actively maintains a visual watch of the development and progression of specific weather events while actively relaying important information to their respective local agency. ref http www.caps.ou.edu kbrews spothelp.html Getting Started in Tornado and Thunderstorm Spotting ref History Storm spotting developed in the United States during the early 1940s. A joint project between the military ... name Storm Spotting and Public Awareness http www.cimms.ou.edu doswell spotter history spotter history.html Storm Spotting and Public Awareness ref Their mandate had also changed to include reporting ... with thunderstorms. However spotting was still mainly carried out by trained individuals in either ... spotting as it exists today was born. After a series of vicious tornado outbreaks hit the state of Texas in 1947, the state placed special emphasis on volunteer spotting, and the local weather offices began to offer basic training classes to the general public. ref name Storm Spotting and Public Awareness Spotting required the delivery of timely information so that warnings could be issued ... 1990s would popularize spotting and its public perception. During this period a number of NSSL ... however, the basic goal of spotting has remained relatively unchanged to this day. In making these reports ... spotting in the U.S. is known as Skywarn . A Skywarn group is either directly or indirectly affiliated ... European countries including the UK operate autonomous storm spotting organizations under the auspices of Skywarn Europe . Controversy While there is no question that storm spotting has saved many lives and aided weather agencies greatly, there is concern that storm spotting may actually put individuals ... by lightning. Most spotting groups do not recommend that individuals leave their vehicles or places ... spotter history.html Storm Spotting and Public Awareness Since the First Tornado Forecasts of 1948 ... more details
refimprove date February 2012 Weather spotting is observing weather for the purpose of reporting to a larger group or organization. Examples include National Weather Service co op observers and Skywarn storm spotters. Storm spotters main Storm spotting A storm spotter is a specific type of type of weather spotter. In the U.S., these volunteers are usually trained by the National Weather Service or local Skywarn group, and are given a phone number, internet outlet, or amateur radio frequency to report to if a severe weather event, such as a tornado, severe thunderstorm, or flash flood occurs where the spotter is located. They add ground truth information to remote sensing technology such as weather radar . Canwarn is the national storm spotting program of Canada, Skywarn Europe covers about a dozen countries including the U.K., which is also covered by TORRO , and Australia also has a program organized by the Bureau of Meteorology . National Weather Service coop observers The National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program COOP is a network of 11,000 volunteers that record official weather observations across the United States. Data is taken from a multitude of geographic regions and topography, and sent to the National Weather Service and National Climatic Data Center for official records. ref http www.nws.noaa.gov om coop what is coop.html NWS Cooperative Observer Program ref In making these reports, observers use a specialized set of jargon and slang to describe their observations. ref http www.srh.noaa.gov oun ?n spotterglossary NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS SR 145 A COMPREHENSIVE GLOSSARY OF WEATHER TERMS FOR STORM SPOTTERS NOAA NWS WFO Norman ref Cooperative weather observers often double as storm spotters. Some are also river and coastal watchers, typically reporting gauge readings. Media weather spotters Since New England experiences harsh winters, several regional television stations use weather spotters for up to date snowfall amounts and reports. WHDH ... more details
wiktionarypar spotting Car spotting may refer to one of the following Car spotting , a hobby Car spotting service , a railroad service Car spotting positioning , precise positioning of a car, e.g., for loading unloading disambig ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Kalancho top spotting badnavirus KTSV virus group VII DNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses familia Caulimoviridae genus Badnavirus species Kalancho top spotting badnavirus synonyms kalanchoe Commelina yellow mottle badnavirus Kalancho top spotting badnavirus KTSV is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Caulimoviridae . External links http phene.cpmc.columbia.edu ICTVdB 00.015.0.05.007.htm ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database Kalancho top spotting badnavirus http www.virology.net Big Virology BVFamilyGroup.html Family Groups The Baltimore Method DEFAULTSORT Kalanchoe Top Spotting Virus Category Pararetroviruses Category Viral plant pathogens and diseases Virus plant disease stub ... more details
Car spotting is a service in rail transport operations. A 1920 book on railroad freight defines the term as follows ref Edgar Watkins 1920 Shippers and Carriers of Interstate and Intrastate Freight , http books.google.com books?id AkoOAAAAYAAJ&pg PA429&dq 22car spotting 22 PPA429,M1 p. 429 ref blockquote Spotting service is the service beyond a reasonably convenient point of interchange between road haul or connecting carriers and industrial plant tracks, and includes a One placement of a loaded car which the road haul or connecting carrier has transported, or b The taking out of a loaded car from a particular location in the plant for transportation by road haul or connecting carrier, c The handling of the empty car in the reverse direction. blockquote See also Car spotting positioning References reflist Category Rail transport operations rail stub ... more details
Car spotting is precise positioning of a railroad car for loading unloading. When a locomotive pulls a train of freight car s to a loading unloading station, it approximately positions them with respect to freight handling equipment, since locomotives are not well suited for precise positioning. Therefore special systems car spotters are invented for car spotting. Systems that handle strings trains of cars to spot them one after another are known as car progressors or car indexers . ref http www.patentstorm.us patents 6553916 description.html Car Spotter Drive , a US patent description ref See also Car spotting service Heyl & Patterson Inc. manufacturer of car indexers References reflist Category Rail transport operations rail stub ... more details
About the dance technique other uses Spotting disambiguation Spotting Image CF46618267 109996904033.gif frame right 250px center A dancer spotting towards the viewer while performing Fouett s Spotting is a technique used by dancers during the execution of various dance turns. The goal of spotting is to attain a constant orientation of the dancer s head and eyes, to the extent possible, in order to enhance the dancer s control and prevent dizziness. As a dancer turns, spotting is performed by rotating the body and head at different rates. While the body rotates smoothly at a relatively constant speed, the head periodically rotates much faster and then stops, so as to fix the dancer s gaze on a single location the spotting point , or simply the spot . Dancers will sometimes focus on an actual visual spot if one is available e.g., a light or other object , but if no suitable object is available they will attempt to end each head rotation in a consistent orientation. The spotting point may be another dancer, in which case the spot may move. ref name laban Usage Spotting is advantageous for dancers in several ways It prevents dizziness by providing a fixed focus for the eyes. ref Kenneth Laws, Martha Swope 2002 Physics and the Art of Dance Understanding Movement , ISBN 0195144821, p. 67 ref The fixed focus also helps the dancer control Balance ability balance . It helps the dancer control the direction of travel during traveling turns such as Glossary of ballet Cha n s cha n s and Glossary of ballet Piqu piqu s . Spotting technique is employed for many types of turns, including pirouette s and cha n s. It is deliberately avoided in some types of turns, however. For example, adagio ballet technique adagio turns in which the aesthetics are intended to convey serenity and calm would be disturbed by the abrupt head movements of spotting. Turns in adagio style include turns in arabesque ... and then spots on her partner to control the stop of rotation. Dance notation In Labanotation , spotting ... more details
Infobox VG title Sensible Train Spotting image developer Sensible Software publisher Sensible Software designer engine released August 1995 in video gaming 1995 ref name date Amiga Power issue 53 is dated September 1995 but, as with most magazines, was released late in the preceding month. ref genre Train spotting simulator modes Single player ratings platforms Amiga media Floppy disk The 3 inch microfloppy diskette Floppy disk requirements input Keyboard computing Keyboard , joystick Sensible Train Spotting is a video game by Sensible Software for the Amiga computer. It is Sensible Software s last ever Amiga game and was available only on an Amiga Power cover disk from issue 53, dated September 1995. ref name date Because of this, it is not nearly as famous as some of Sensible Software s earlier releases, such as Sensible Soccer and Cannon Fodder . Sensible Train Spotting is the world s first ever computerized railfan train spotting simulator. The game takes place at a railway station , with a view looking over the train platforms. Various train s pass through, each bearing a unique ID number. At the bottom of the screen is a checklist of train ID numbers, each of which must be selected by the player as the corresponding train appears. This must be done against a time limit, and attempting to record an incorrect number will result in a penalty. When all trains in the checklist have been spotted, the game moves on to the next level. References reflist External links http hol.abime.net 4680 Sensible Train Spotting at the Hall of Light moby game id sensible train spotting Category 1995 video games Category Amiga games Category Sensible Software Category Train simulation video games ... more details
and artillery spotting. They include modified civil aircraft designs, moored balloons and UAVs. Experimental ...Image 1 fighter, 3 Bombers by JM Rosier.JPG thumb right 300px A fighter aircraft and 3 bombers of the World War II era A military aircraft is any Fixed wing aircraft fixed wing or rotorcraft rotary wing aircraft that is operated by a legal or insurrectionary armed service of any type. ref name gunston Military aircraft can be either combat or non combat Combat aircraft are aircraft designed to destroy enemy equipment using their own armament. ref name gunston Combat aircraft are normally developed and procured only by military forces. Non combat aircraft are aircraft not designed for combat as their primary ..., and may be developed by either military forces or civilian organizations. Combat aircraft Combat aircraft warplane s divide broadly into Fighter aircraft fighters and bomber s. There are several variations ... MiG 23 MiG 23 , ground attack aircraft , such as the Soviet Ilyushin Il 2 Shturmovik. Also included among combat aircraft are long range maritime patrol aircraft , such as the Hawker Siddeley Nimrod ... to air missile. Main Fighter aircraft The main role of fighters is destroying enemy aircraft in air ... or other aircraft is also a common task. They are capable of carrying a variety of weapons, including ... , the P 51 Mustang and Bf 109 . An example of an Interceptor aircraft interceptor a fighter designed ... of a heavy fighter is the Messerschmitt Bf 110 . The term fighter is also sometimes applied to aircraft ... aircraft is operated by USAF Fighter squadrons. Bombers File B 29 in flight.jpg thumb A United States ... maneuverable than fighter aircraft. They are capable of carrying large payloads of bombs. Bombers ... and medium bombers as attack aircraft . such as the A 7 Corsair II and A 6 Intruder respectively Attack aircraft File A 10 firing AGM 65.JPEG thumb An A 10 Thunderbolt II firing an AGM 65 Maverick AGM 65 . Main Ground attack aircraft Attack aircraft can be used to provide support for friendly ... more details
Royal Artillery were trained as pilots to fly Air Observation Post AOP aircraft for artillery spotting . ref http www.warplane.com pages aircraft beagle.html Canadian Warplane Heritage Auster ... of the Royal Air Force RAF showing its radar pod. A surveillance aircraft is an aircraft used for surveillance ... surveillance, airspace surveillance, Air Observation Post observation e.g. artillery spotting , border patrol and fishery protection. This article concentrates on aircraft used in those roles, rather than for traffic monitoring, law enforcement and similar activities. Surveillance aircraft usually carry no armament, or only limited defensive armament. A surveillance aircraft does not necessarily require high performance capability or Stealth aircraft stealth characteristics. It may be a modified civilian aircraft. Surveillance aircraft have also included moored balloon s e.g. Tethered ... and Napoleonic Years , pp. 372 373 ref World War I One of the first aircraft used for surveillance ... the Invisible Aircraft , and it is sometimes also referred to as the world s very first stealth plane . German Taube aircraft were able to detect the advancing Russian army during the Battle of Tannenberg 1914 Battle of Tannenberg 1914 . World War II and later During World War II , light aircraft ... Hawaii Main Maritime patrol aircraft Maritime patrol aircraft are typically large, slow machines capable of flying continuously for many hours, with a wide range of sensors. Such aircraft include the Hawker ... lanow 2009 12 drone aircraft will be used to nab illegal immigrants on californiamexico ... surveillance Main Airborne Warning And Control System Current use Unmanned surveillance aircraft ... aircraft for electronic intelligence ELINT gathering. The Beech Aircraft Beech C 12 Huron RC 12 Super ... also Reconnaissance aircraft Treaty on Open Skies References reflist External links U.S. Centennial ... essay Lighter than air Napoleon s wars LTA3.htm Accessed April 1, 2007 . Military aircraft types ... more details
Transport aircraft is a broad category of aircraft that includes Airliner s Cargo aircraft Mail plane s Military transport aircraft disambig ... more details
thumb Recognition line drawing for Dassault Mirage III . Aircraft recognition is a visual ... aircraft in World War I . It is important for air defense and military intelligence gathering. Aircraft recognition generally depends on learning the external appearance of the aircraft, both friendly ..., The Royal Observer Corps ROC was formed as a defence warning organisation with civilians trained in aircraft recognition and operated primarily as such between 1925 and 1957. Aircraft recognition was first ... threat, after 208 Zeppelin and 435 aircraft raids over London during the First World War ... Corps in 1925. File Skywatch.jpg thumb left Royal Observer Corps aircraft spotters during World War ... Ministry , at the start of the war, that accurate recognition of high flying and fast moving aircraft .... Local units began to band together and form spotting clubs caller Hearker clubs that eventually combined in April 1941 as The Royal Observer Corps Club and prepared early aircraft type sillouette ... to every unit in the Corps. Large wall posters were produced that showed every known type of aircraft ... recognise all types of current aircraft. The unofficial Aeroplane Spotter magazine later renamed ... and effectiveness of the systems developed by the sparetime observers and first published Aircraft Recognition magazine Aircraft Recognition The Inter services Recognition Journal with early content ... Corps and the Air Ministry, that accurate recognition of aircraft was achievable, the systems developed ... in the Autumn of 1942. In December 1943 the annual Master Test of aircraft recognition was introduced ... annually in the UK s Joint Services Aircraft Recognition Competition and in international competitions with other NATO countries until 1991, despite aircraft recognition being dropped as an operational ..., the Danish Ground Observer Corps. Aircraft recognition in the US In the US during World ... and received aircraft recognition training. The U.S. military continues to use the initials WEFT as a mnemonic ... more details
USS Hornet CV 12 USS Hornet , with an Douglas A 4 Skyhawk A 4 in launch position. An aircraft catapult is a device used to launch aircraft from ship s in particular aircraft carrier s as a form of assisted ... that is attached through the track to the Undercarriage nose gear of the aircraft, or in some cases a wire rope called a catapult bridle is attached to the aircraft and the catapult shuttle. The ramps at the catapult ends on some aircraft carriers are used to catch the ropes so they can be reused bridles have not been used on U.S. aircraft since the end of the Cold War , and all U.S. Navy ... Nimitz class aircraft carrier Nimitz class aircraft carrier s. USS Enterprise CVN 65 USS Enterprise ... holds the aircraft in place as steam pressure builds up, then breaks or releases older models used a pin that sheared , freeing the piston to pull the aircraft along the deck at high speed. Within about two to four seconds, aircraft velocity by the action of the catapult plus apparent wind speed ship s speed plus or minus natural wind will be sufficient to allow an aircraft to fly away, even after ... and derrick styled catapult to assist their early aircraft with a takeoff in a limited space. On 31 ... s forward speed to the aircraft s airspeed for takeoff, and lower clearance from the water conditions ... half of the war. In the 1920s and 1930s, many naval vessels apart from aircraft carriers carried float planes, seaplanes or amphibians for reconnaissance and spotting. They were catapult launched and landed on the sea alongside for recovery by crane. There were submarine aircraft carriers , and some ... a catapult and from one to four aircraft battleships or battlecruisers like the HMS Prince of Wales 53 HMS Prince of Wales carried four aircraft and HMS Rodney 29 HMS Rodney carried two, while smaller warships like the cruiser HMNZS Leander HMNZS Leander carried one. The aircraft carried were ..., and the aircraft was lowered onto the sea for takeoff. Some had their aircraft and catapult removed ... more details
Mitsubishi Aircraft Company may refer to Mitsubishi Aircraft Company , an historical Japanese aircraft company which prodcued aircraft and engines in the 1920s and 1930s Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation , a modern Japanese aircraft company which produces the Mitsubishi Regional Jet MRJ disambig ... more details
disambig The term carrier aircraft may mean either of Carrier based aircraft stationed on an aircraft carrier ship Mother ship component of a composite aircraft ... more details
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