ChipRAM is a commonly used term for the integrated Random access memory RAM used in Commodore International Commodore s line of Amiga computers. ChipRAM is shared between the central processing unit ... when accessing external RAM or ROM. ref name amiga hardware ref ChipRAM by model Most stock Amiga systems were equipped with chipRAM only and shipped with between 256 kB and 2 MB. class wikitable Model Stock chipRAM Maximum chipRAM Width Amiga 1000 256 kiB 512 kiB 16 ... 32 bit The shared RAM data bus is 16 bit on Original Chip Set OCS and Amiga Enhanced Chip Set ECS ... emulator, UAE emulator UAE , can emulate an Amiga system with up to 8 MiB of chipRAM. ref name ... Amiga hardware DEFAULTSORT AmigaChipRam Category Amiga de ChipRAM und Fast RAM es CHIPRAM fr Chip ..., rather misleadingly, known as graphics RAM . Direct memory access Under the Amiga architecture ... the chipset remained 16 bit. The maximum amount of chipRAM is dependent on the Agnus Alice version ... to address 512 kiB of chipRAM. Subsequent versions of the Agnus are in an 84 pin PLCC package ... to 2 MiB of chipRAM. The A500, and later versions of the A2000, with hardware modification ... can be installed by fitting an 8372B Agnus and extra memory. The maximum amount of chipRAM in any ... 8 MiB of chipRAM regardless of its position, the system only recognizes 2 MiB due to the limitations of the Alice chip. ref cite web url http www.zimmers.net cbmpics cbm amiga a4000jumpers.html ... 21 September 2011 ref Fast RAMAmiga systems can also be expanded with, so called, fast RAM, which ... when the custom chipset is simultaneously accessing chipRAM. Adding fast RAM to systems with 32 ... may have several different kinds and speeds of fast RAM. For example, an Amiga 3000 may contain 16 ... contain 512 KB pseudo fast RAM slow RAM controlled by Agnus with the same limitations as chipRAM ... extended this controllerless concept to up to 1.8 MB slow RAM requiring a Amiga custom chips Gary Gary ... more details
unreferenced date June 2009 bot yes The Enhanced Chip Set ECS is the second generation of the Amiga computer s chipset, offering minor improvements over the Original Amiga chipset original chipset OCS design. ECS was introduced in 1990 with the launch of the Amiga 3000 . Amigas produced from 1990 onwards featured a mix of OCS and ECS chips, such as later versions of the Amiga 500 and the Commodore CDTV . Other ECS models were the Amiga 500 in 1991 and lastly the Amiga 600 in 1992. Notable improvements were the MOS Technology Agnus Super Agnus and the Hires Original Chip Set Denise Denise chips. The sound and floppy controller chip, Original Chip Set Paula Paula , remained unchanged from the OCS design. Super Agnus supports 2 megabyte MB of CHIPRAM , whereas the original Original Chip Set Agnus Agnus Fat Agnus and subsequent Fatter Agnus can address 512 kilobyte KB and 1 MB, respectively. The ECS Denise chip offers Productivity 640× 480 non interlaced and SuperHires 1280× 200 or 1280× 256 display modes also available in interlaced mode , which are however limited to only 4 on screen colors. Essentially, a 35 Nanosecond ns pixel mode was added plus the ability to run arbitrary horizontal and vertical scan rates. This made other display modes possible, but only the aforementioned modes were supported originally out of the box. For example, the Linux Amiga framebuffer ... by video hardware Amiga hardware Category Amiga Category Graphics chips Category AmigaOS ca Enhanced Xip set de Enhanced Chip Set es ECS fr Extended chipset oc ECS Amiga pl Enhanced Chip Set ru ECS fi ..., features from the improved Kickstart Amiga Kickstart 2 operating system were used in subsequent .... It is possible to upgrade some OCS machines, such as the Amiga 500, to obtain partial or full ... Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA chipset with the launch of the Amiga 4000 in 1992. See also Original Amiga chipset OCS Amiga Ranger Chipset Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA Amiga custom chips Amiga ... more details
bus. The chipset bus allows the custom coprocessors and CPU to address AmigaChipRAMChipRAM ... Amiga custom chips custom chip s which performed tasks, such as, SCSI control and display de ... pins on the sound chip to disable the filter. Paula can read directly from the system s RAM , using ... with Kickstart on an embedded Read only memory ROM chip. Peripherals File Amiga Sound Sampling Hardware.jpg ... manufacturers produced hybrid boards which contained an Intel x86 series chip, allowing the Amiga ... chip on the board. The NatAmi is the second Amiga clone project after the Minimig motherboard, and its ... limitations such as two megabytes of audio and video graphics RAM as in the Amiga Advanced Graphics ...About the family of home computers File Amiga Logo 1985.svg right thumb 265px The former Amiga logo, as used by Commodore Amiga Inc. File Amiga 1000DP.jpg thumb 265px The Amiga 1000 1985 was the first model released. The Amiga is a family of personal computer s marketed by Commodore International Commodore ... popular for its graphical, audio and multi tasking abilities. The Amiga provided a significant ... among computer enthusiasts. The best selling model, the Amiga 500 , was introduced in 1987 and became ... America success was more modest. The Amiga went on to sell approximately six million units. ref name ... 04 21 ref Second generation Amiga systems Amiga 1200 A1200 and Amiga 4000 A4000 were released in 1992 ... that the Amiga quickly lost its market share to competing platforms, such as the fourth generation ... family Motorola 68000 series of microprocessor s, the machine sports a original Amiga chipset custom ... to cast the computer as an all purpose business machine, the Amiga was most commercially successful ... control business, leading to affordable video editing systems such as the Video Toaster . The Amiga ... marketed successors to the original Amiga line. Genesi sold PowerPC based hardware running AmigaOS ... hardware and Commodore USA is releasing new x86 based Amiga. There is also open source successor ... more details
Doctor Who s electronic dog K9 . Technical information Specifications Image Amiga Walker Motherboard.png right thumb The Amiga Walker motherboard. CPU Motorola Motorola 68030 68030 33 MHz in the prototype version Motorola 68030 40 MHz compared to Motorola 68020 68020 14 MHz in Amiga 1200 A1200 Chipset Amiga Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA Memory 1 MB Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM compared to 512 kB in the original Amiga 1200 2 MB AmigaChipRAMChipRAM 4 MB AmigaChipRAM Fast RAM only ...Not to be confused with the computer games Walker video game Walker or Mind Walker . Image Amiga Walker.png right thumb The Amiga Walker 1996 . The Amiga Walker , sometimes incorrectly known as the Mind Walker , is a prototype of an Amiga computer developed and shown by Amiga Technologies in late 1995 early 1996. It was planned as a replacement for the Amiga 1200 A1200 with a faster CPU, better expansion capabilities and a built in CD ROM. The Walker was never released Escom and Amiga Technologies went bankrupt, and only two prototypes were made. ref citeweb url http www.blachford.info computer walker walker.html title The Amiga Walker publisher Nicholas Blachford accessdate 2008 11 26 ref ref citeweb url http bboah.amiga resistance.info cgi bin showhardware en.cgi?HARDID 5 title Amiga Technologies Walker publisher Big Book of Amiga Hardware accessdate 2008 11 26 ref ref citeweb url http 66.196.80.202 babelfish translate url content?.intl se&lp fr en&trurl http 3a 2f 2fobligement.free.fr ... concept walkerconcept.html title The Walker concept publisher Amiga history guide accessdate 2008 11 26 ref Despite Amiga Technologies bravery in producing an innovative case, it did ... Additional Amiga keyboard See also Power A5000 Amiga models and variants References reflist External links http www.youtube.com watch?v gI2gSEZSPfg Short video of an Amiga Walker on YouTube microcompu stub Amiga hardware Category Amiga Category Vaporware ... more details
with Commodore s Original Chip Set and 1 megabyte MB of RAM 512 kilobyte kB of AmigaChipRAMchipRAM and 512 kB additional RAM and either AmigaOS 1.2 or 1.3. Later revisions shipped with the improved Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced Chip Set , 1 MB chipRAM and AmigaOS 2.0 ... RAM 1 MB consisting of either 512 kilobyte kB of AmigaChipRAMchipRAM and 512 kB additional RAM ref label mod a A ref label mod b B br 1 megabyte MB of chipRAM ref label mod c C br Upgradeable to 2 MB chipRAM some models require hardware modification br Upgradeable by further ... revision. Certain revisions of the A2000 can be upgraded to accommodate 1 MB of chipRAM by installing ... or 512 kB Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM Chipset Original Chip Set OCS ref label mod a A ref label mod b B or Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced Chip Set ECS ref label mod c C Video 12 bit color palette ...Infobox computer Photo Image A2000cpu.jpg 220px Name Commodore Amiga 2000 Type Personal computer Released ... MHz PAL Memory 1 megabyte MB nowrap 9 megabyte MB maximum OS AmigaOS Amiga OS 1.2 1.3 or 2.0 predecessor Amiga 1000 successor Amiga 3000 The Amiga 2000 , or A2000 , is a personal computer released ... about history index.php?t past&p a500 title The Amiga Legacy publisher Amiga, Inc. ref ref name a2000 date2 citation url http www.amigahistory.co.uk a2000.html title Amiga history guide publisher Gareth Knight ref ref name a2000 date3 citation url http www.lemonamiga.com help models amiga 2000.php title Amiga 2000 publisher Lemon Amiga ref It is the successor to the Amiga 1000 . Features Aimed ... logic, to the custom Amiga chipset used in the Amiga 1000 . Later improved models have redesigned hardware using the more highly integrated Amiga 500 A500 chipset, with the additional of a gate array called Buster , which integrates the Amiga custom chips Buster Zorro subsystem . ref name specs citation url http www.bombjack.org commodore amigaamiga commodore Amiga A500 A2000 Technical ... more details
2 MB ChipRAM by fitting the nowrap 8372B Agnus chip and adding additional memory. The Amiga 500 also ... ChipRAMchipRAM found or is damaged, color Red Red means bad Kickstart Amiga kickstart Read only ... kB of AmigaChipRAM Fast RAM Slow RAM or Trapdoor RAM can be added via the trapdoor expansion. Such upgrades ... Size & 91 kByte& 93 Description align right 0x0000 0000 0x0003FFFF align right 256.0 AmigaChipRAMChipRAM align right 0x0004 0000 0x0007FFFF align right 256.0 ChipRAMAmiga 1000 A1000 option card align right 0x0008 0000 0x000FFFFF align right 512.0 ChipRAM expansion align right 0x0010 0000 0x001FFFFF align right 1024.0 Extended ChipRAM for Amiga Enhanced Chip Set ECS Amiga Advanced Graphics ... was enhanced to control up to 1 MB RAM and glue logic was integrated into Amiga custom chips Gary Gary .... The stock system comes with AmigaOS version 1.2 or 1.3 and nowrap 512 kilobyte kB of ChipRAM , one ... RAM configured as ChipRAM by a simple hardware modification, which involves fitting a later model ... chips can be upgraded to the Amiga Enhanced Chip Set ECS versions. The case is made from Acrylonitrile ... Amiga chipset OCS 1.2 & 1.3 models or Amiga Enhanced Chip Set ECS 500 2.04 models chipset. ECS ... kilobyte kB of ChipRAM . AmigaOS 1.2 or 1.3 One double density floppy disk drive is built in, which ... or to a 68020 , 68030 or Motorola 68040 68040 via the side expansion slot. The ChipRAM can be upgraded ... but still slow as the chipRAM. Up to 8 MB of Fast RAM can be added via the side expansion ... expansion memory pseudo fast, Slow RAM on Amiga 500 align right 0x00D8 0000 0x00DBFFFF align ...Infobox computer Photo Image Amiga500 system.jpg 280px An Amiga 500 computer system, with 1084S RGB monitor and second A1010 floppy disk drive Caption An Amiga 500 computer system, with 1084S RGB monitor and second A1010 floppy disk drive Name Commodore Amiga 500 Type Home computer Released 1987 Price ... 880 kilobyte kB floppy disks OS AmigaOS v1.2 1.3 predecessor Amiga 1000 successor Amiga 500 Plus ... more details
MHz 1995 on Memory 512 Kilobyte kB Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM 2 Megabyte MB AmigaChipRAM Up to a further 16 Megabyte MB RAM on board Up to an additional 128 Megabyte MB RAM via the CPU slot on the CPU s local bus Up to an additional 512 Megabyte MB per Amiga Zorro III Zorro III slot Chipset ...Infobox computer name Amiga 4000T Photo Image Amiga4000T closed.jpg 264px Amiga 4000T made by Escom Type Personal computer manufacturer Commodore international Commodore , nowrap Amiga Technologies GmbH ... MHz Memory 6 18 megabyte MB OS AmigaOS 3.1 The Amiga 4000T , also known as A4000T , was a tower version of the Amiga 4000 A4000 computer. Using the Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA chipset, it was originally ... Amiga ever to have both SCSI and Advanced Technology Attachment IDE interfaces built in on the motherboard ... machine to require the file code workbench.library code to be stored on disk. It was also the only Amiga ... towards NewTek s Video Toaster . Its motherboard contains two Amiga Video Slots, five 100 pin ... drives. Up to 16 MB of RAM can be installed on the motherboard, while additional RAM can be installed ... the company folded. Production of the 4000Ts was restarted after Escom bought the Amiga assets. Apart ... front bezel to the case. File Commodore Amiga 4000T inside.JPG right thumb Amiga 4000T ... kHz Audio Original Amiga chipset Audio features in general Paula 4 hardware channels Stereo 8 bit ... 5 100pin 32 bit Amiga Zorro III Zorro III slots 2 AGA video slots inline with Zorro slot 4 16 bit ... Key lock disables mouse and keyboard See also Amiga models and variants External links http bboah.claunia.com a4000tc.html Ryan E. A. Czerwinski s Commodore Amiga 4000T page http www.amigahistory.co.uk ca4000t.html Commodore A4000T Amiga History Guide http www.amigahistory.co.uk a4000t.html Amiga Technologies A4000T Amiga History Guide http wigilius.se amiga Famous Amiga Uses CBM computers Amiga hardware AmigaOS AmigaOS 4 commonscat Amiga 4000T Category Amiga Category 1994 introductions es Commodore ... more details
ChipRAMchipRAM . ref name a600 schematics citation url http amiga manuals.xiik.net schematics ... 91 ref Graphics and sound The A600 was the last Amiga model to use Commodore s Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced Chip Set ECS , which can address 2 MB of AmigaChipRAMRAM and adds higher resolution ... Megabyte MB AmigaChipRAM upgradeable by further 1 MB in trapdoor expansion slot br Up to 4 ... CPU and the Amiga Enhanced Chip Set ECS chipset. It is essentially a redesign of the Amiga 500 ... incompatibility with existing Amiga software because the memory used for hard disk control prevented some memory intensive titles from launching without adding additional RAM. The A600 was the first Amiga ... Upgrading Page So how do you upgrade an Amiga 600? url http www.amiga600.de howupgrade.htm ref RAM can be upgraded to a maximum of 2 MB chipRAM using the trapdoor expansion slot. An additional ... interfaces are controlled by the Amiga custom chips Gayle Gayle custom chip. The A600 has internal ... 2.0 and a Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM chip numbered as either revision 37.299, 37.300 or 37.350 ... memory ROM 512 kilobyte kB Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM Chipset Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced ... MB RAM upgrade Operating system AmigaOS 2.0 Workbench AmigaOS Workbench 2.05 and Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ... processor and RAM upgrades http wigilius.se amiga Famous Amiga Uses CBM computers Amiga hardware AmigaOS ...Infobox computer Photo Image Amiga 600.jpg 281px An Amiga 600 Name Commodore Amiga 600 manufacturer Commodore ... predecessor Amiga 500 , Amiga 500 Plus successor Amiga 1200 The Amiga 600 , also known as the A600 ... by the Amiga 3000 . It was intended by manufacturer, Commodore, to revitalize sales of the A500 line before the introduction of the 32 bit Amiga 1200 . According to Dave Haynie , the A600 was supposed ... browse frm thread 5764fad95e014a91 7d5c82eca35f0eb7?lnk st Re Amiga CPU is similar to Mac CPU ... Lloyd, Chewing the Facts , Amiga Format , Annual 1994, p 107. ref In comparison to the popular A500 ... more details
model to have 256 kilobyte kB of AmigaChipRAM , which can be expanded to 512 kB ... RAM 256 kilobyte kB of AmigaChipRAM upgradeable with an additional 256 kB by dedicated cartridge ...Infobox computer Photo File Amiga 1000DP.jpg 280px Amiga 1000 1985 Name Commodore Amiga 1000 manufacturer ... Kilobyte KB 8 Megabyte MB Maximum graphics Original Amiga chipset OCS 640 × 256 5 color depth bpp Sound Original Amiga chipset Paula Paula nowrap 4 × 8 bit channels at max 28 kHz in stereo OS AmigaOS 1.0 Introductory price 1,285 United States Dollar USD successor Amiga 2000 The A1000 , or Commodore International Commodore Amiga 1000, was Commodore s initial Amiga personal computer ... in September with a base configuration of 256 kB of Random access memory RAM at the retail price of 1,295 ... of a complete Amiga system to 1,595 USD. Before the release of the Amiga 500 and Amiga 2000 A2000 models in 1987, the A1000 was simply called Amiga . In the US, the A1000 was marketed as The Amiga from Commodore , however the Commodore logo was omitted from the casing. Additionally the Amiga ... 5&sq amiga&st nyt title Amiga s High Tech Gamble accessdate 2008 04 11 first Susan last Chira work ... it from later Amiga models It was the only model to feature the short lived Amiga checkmark ... a keyboard garage and the inside of the case was engraved with the signatures of the Amiga designers ... accessdate 2009 06 28 ref There are two distinct variants of the Amiga 1000 using different television ... television standard. Notably, the first NTSC systems lack the Amiga Halfbrite mode EHB video mode which is present in all later Amiga models. Because AmigaOS was rather computer bug buggy at the time ... with 256 kilobyte KB of RAM, dubbed the Writable Control Store WCS , into which the core of the operating ... Amiga Kickstart . The WCS was write protected after loading, and system resets did not require .... In 2006 PC World magazine PC World rated the Amiga 1000 as the 7th greatest PC of all time http www.pcworld.com ... more details
Read only memory ROM ref name a5bl color Green Green No AmigaChipRAMchipRAM found or is damaged ... enabled Amiga is able to shadow Kickstart from the embedded ROM chip or from file into RAM and pass ... to use the extra 256 kB for data. Later Amiga models had Kickstart embedded in a ROM chip, thus improving boot times. Many Amiga 1000 computer were modified to take these chips. Kickstart was stored ... in an Amiga 1200 Kickstart is a commonly used term for the booting bootstrap firmware of the Amiga computers developed by Commodore International Commodore . Most Amiga models were shipped with the Kickstart firmware stored on Read only memory ROM chips. Its purpose is to initialize the Amiga hardware ... revisions designated as version 2.0 ref cite web title The Big Book of Amiga Hardware Custom Chips ... width 320 Retailed with Amiga models align center width 80 Launch date align center width 100 ROM capacity align center 1.0 1.3 align left Amiga 1000 align center 1985 align center 256 Kilobyte kB align center 1.2 align left Amiga 500 , Amiga 2000 align center 1987 align center 256 kB align center 1.3 align left Amiga 500 , Amiga 2000 , Commodore CDTV , Amiga 3000 align center 1988 align center 256 kB align center 1.4 align left Amiga 3000 align center 1990 align center 512 kB align center 2.0 align left Amiga 500 , Amiga 600 , Amiga 2000 , Amiga 3000 align center 1990 align center 512 kB align center 3.0 align left Amiga 1200 , Amiga 4000 align center 1992 align center 512 kB align center rowspan 2 3.1 align left Amiga 1200 , Amiga 4000T align center 1993 align center 512 kB align left Amiga CD32 align center 1993 align center 1 Megabyte MB Image with inadequate rationale removed Image Amiga kickstart.png frame right The image shown by Amiga OS 1.x on start up, asking the user to insert the Kickstart floppy disk . The first Amiga model, the Amiga 1000 A1000 , required that Kickstart 1.x be loaded from floppy disk into a 256 Kilobyte kB section of RAM called the writable control ... more details
MB of AmigaChipRAM and up to 16 MB of additional RAM in 32 bit SIMM s. ref name a4000 user citation url http www.bombjack.org commodore amigaamiga commodore A4000 Users Guide UK .pdf title ... Bus speed 25 MHz Random access memory RAM 2 18 Megabyte MB on board 2 MB AmigaChipRAMchipRAM and up to 16 MB additional RAM br Upgradable by further 128 MB via the CPU ... jumper that was intended to expand the ChipRAM to 8MB. ref cite web url http www.zimmers.net cbmpics cbm amiga a4000jumpers.html title A4000 Motherboard Jumpers accessdate 2 September 2011 ref Later ... capacity RAM 128 MB or greater . Graphics and sound The A4000 was the first Amiga model to ship with Commodore s third generation Amiga chipset, the 32 bit Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA ...refimprove date November 2011 Infobox computer Photo Image Amiiga4000DP.jpg 300px An Amiga 4000 desktop Name Commodore Amiga 4000 manufacturer Commodore International Commodore Type Personal computer Released ... 25 MHz Memory 2 18 megabyte MB OS AmigaOS 3.0 predecessor Amiga 3000 successor Amiga 4000T The Commodore International Commodore Amiga 4000 , or A4000 , is the successor of the Amiga 2000 A2000 and Amiga ... an expanded tower version called the Amiga 4000T A4000T . Unlike previous Amiga models, early A4000 .... Later revisions of the A4000 have the CPU and 2 Megabyte MB RAM Surface mount technology surface ... and can eventually damage the motherboard. Technical information Processor and RAM The stock ... And Modify HAM 8 color modes. Unlike earlier Amiga chipsets, all color modes are available at all display ... remains identical to that of the original Amiga chipset the Original Amiga chipset Audio features in general Paula sound chip , namely, four direct memory access DMA driven 8 bit Pulse code modulation ... The A4000 has a number of Amiga compatible connectors including two DE 9 connector DE 9 ports ... Amiga peripherals, such as, MIDI interfaces, serial modem s and Sampling signal processing sound ... more details
advanced, PC Clone influenced Amiga 4000 A4000 . Technical Information Image Amiga3000front.jpg thumb 300px Amiga 3000 system File Amiga A3200 A3400 CPU card.jpg thumb Amiga A3200 A3400 CPU card The Amiga 3000 shipped with a Motorola 68030 at either 16 or 25 MHz and 2 MB of RAM. It includes the Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced Chip Set and a display enhancer for use with a VGA monitor and a Direct ... Commodore Amiga, Inc. year 1991 ref Fast RAM can be increased by fitting Zig zag in line package ... 68882 68882 25 MHz Random access memory RAM 2 Megabyte MB configured as 1 MB AmigaChipRAMchip and 1 MB fast RAM br Maximum 18 MB on board br Upgradable by further 128 ... Amiga Enhanced Chip Set Enhanced Chip Set ECS Video 12 bit color palette 4096 colors br Graphic ...Infobox computer Photo Image Amiga 3000 Front with White BG.jpg 300px Amiga 3000 Name Commodore Amiga ... 68030 Nowrap 16 or 25 MHz Memory 2 megabyte MB OS Kickstart Amiga Kickstart 1.3 or 2.x , br Unix SVR4 predecessor Amiga 2000 Amiga 2500 successor Amiga 4000 The Commodore International Commodore Amiga 3000 , or A3000 , was the third major release in the Amiga computer family. Released in June 1990 ... system. It is the successor to the Amiga 2000 . Its predecessors, the Amiga 500, 1000 and 2000 ... Bus Specification first Dave last Haynie date 20 March 1991 publisher Commodore Amiga, Inc. ref In common ... developers was simplified. The Amiga 3000UX A3000UX was an A3000 variant bundled with the System ... a port of Unix System V release 4 . Commodore also sold a towerized variant called the Amiga 3000T A3000T . An enhanced version, the Amiga 3000 , with the Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA chipset and an AT&T DSP3210 digital signal processor signal processing chip was produced to prototype stage in 1991 ... url http www.thule.no haynie research a3000p docs a3000p.pdf first Dave last Haynie title The Amiga 3000 System Specification publisher Commodore Amiga, Inc. date 17 July 1991 ref In its stead Commodore ... more details
maximum of 16 MB of memory. A stock A1200 has 2 MB of inbuilt AmigaChipRAMChipRAMChipRAM cannot be expanded beyond 2 MB . Up to 8 MB of fast RAM can be added in the trapdoor ... MHz PAL Random access memory RAM 2 Megabyte MB AmigaChipRAM br Upgradeable by further 8 .... ref name sales Technical information Processor and RAM File Amiga 1200 A1200 IMGP1130.JPG ...For the Motorola mobile phone Motorola MING A1200i Infobox computer Photo Image Amiga 1200 with mouse, drives.jpg 250px Caption Amiga 1200 with mouse and two additional floppy disk drives Name Amiga 1200 manufacturer Commodore International , nowrap Amiga Technologies GmbH Type Personal computer Released ... 2 Megabyte MB OS AmigaOS 3.0 3.1 predecessor Amiga 600 The Amiga 1200 , or A1200 code named Channel Z , was Commodore International s third generation Amiga computer, aimed at the home market. It was launched ... United States dollar USD in the United States . History Like its predecessor, the Amiga 500 , the A1200 ... hardware architecture to Commodore s Amiga CD32 game console, and is technically similar to the Atari ... a1200.html title Commodore Amiga 1200 accessdate 30 November 2009 ref Initially, only nowrap 30,000 A1200s were available at the UK launch. ref Amiga Format New Amiga 1200 Issue ... sales.html title Commodore Amiga Sales Figures author Gareth Knight accessdate 30 November 2009 ref ... with two games, seven applications and Amiga OS 3.1. ref name magic cite web url http www.amigahistory.co.uk amigamagic.html title Amiga Magic bundle accessdate 30 November 2009 ref It was initially .... It also came with a modified PC floppy disk drive that was incompatible with some Amiga software ... web url http www.amigahistory.co.uk escom.html title Amiga III Technologies accessdate 30 November 2009 ref Design Improvements The A1200 offers a number of advantages over earlier budget Amiga models ... 68000 and has 2 MB of RAM as standard. The Advanced Graphics Architecture AGA chipset used in the A1200 ... more details
wiktionarypar chip TOCright Chip may refer to Food Potato chip s Canada and USA usage , a snack food ... in Canada and the U.S. Banana chip , a deep fried or dried slice of banana Chocolate chip , small chunks of chocolate, used for making chocolate chip cookies, among other things Corn chip , a snack food made from corn Tortilla chip , a snack food made from corn Media Characters Chip, one of the Chip n Dale animated chipmunks created by The Walt Disney Company Chip Flagston, son of Hi and Lois Chip, a character in Sonic Unleashed Games Chip s Challenge , a computer game designed by Chuck sommerville and Tony Krueger Publications CHIP magazine CHIP magazine , a German computer magazine Chip India , Indian edition of German computer magazine CHIP Sports Chip timing, transponder timing in sporting events Chip, a type of association football soccer shot Chip stroke or chip in, a type of golf shot see Golf Stroke mechanics Chip, mascot of University of Colorado at Boulder Technology ChiP ChucK for iPhone iPad , a programming language used for music synthesis Chip, another name for an integrated circuit Chip, another name for a microprocessor Chip CDMA , the fundamental unit of transmission in CDMA Chip card smart card , credit card, payment card or identification card containing an embedded ... sound chipChIP chromatin immunoprecipitation , a molecular biology method to map DNA sites of specific ... systems in game consoles People Chip Arndt , winner of The Amazing Race 4 Charles Eustis Bohlen , American diplomat nicknamed ChipChip Carter, son of Jimmy Carter Chip Esten , American actor Chip Kidd , American author Chip tha Ripper , American hip hop artist Chip, formerly known as Chipmunk rapper , UK Hip Hop artist. Other Buffalo chip or cow dung , dried bovine feces Poker chip, a casino token DNA chip, a synonym for DNA microarray Foot chip, a type of climbing hold Paint chip, a piece of dried ... CHIP disambiguation Chipper disambiguation Chipping disambiguation Crisp disambiguation disambig da ... more details
through the PCMCIA slot, and included the Akiko chip used on the Amiga CD32 . The device was never ...The A570 was a single speed external CD ROM drive for the Amiga 500 computer launched by Commodore International Commodore in 1992. It was designed to be compatible with Amiga CDTV software as well as being able to read ordinary ISO 9660 CD ROM discs. The original designation was A690, and pre production devices under this name were delivered to developers. The A690 A570 used a proprietary Mitsumi CD ROM interface. It contained a header for an internal nowrap 2 MByte AmigaChipRAM fast memory expansion, but this proprietary memory module was never put into production and only a few rare developer examples of this exist today. The A570 provided the nowrap Amiga 500 with a CD ROM, but obviously was not useful to improve the A500 with modern features mainly dealing with enhanced graphics, even if there was a common desire for Amiga users to upgrade the A500 to something similar to the A1200 , which was launched just a few months after the A570. The A570 was incompatible with the Amiga 1200 A1200 . Commodore never released anything to enhance the A500 machines with more graphics but also it never released any processor accelerator cards, leaving third party hardware manufacturers free to release their own cards and or peripherals for A500. The A1200 also featured standard Parallel ATA ... notable that by the time of the A570 s launch, the A500 computer had already been discontinued. The Amiga ... machine, while a similar device was unavailable for their current low end Amiga. This move ... of this format did not restrict this option. Features Single speed CD ROM reader 2 Megabytes RAM internal ... as standard Amiga card by Amiga Zorro Bus AutoConfig feature. Programs for playing CD Audio were ... 1255.html cdtv.org.uk The A570 CD Rom for the Amiga 500 http www.amigahistory.co.uk prototypes a690.html amigahistory.co.uk Amiga 690 article at the Amiga History site. Category Amiga Category ... more details
see also Chip disambiguation CHIP can mean several things State Children s Health Insurance Program As CHiP for the California Highway Patrol One of various Child Identification Programs around the world Masonic Child Identification Programs CHIP Masonic Child Identification Programs in many states in the United States of America. CHIP programming language , based on Prolog CHIP 8 , a programming language used for video game programming in the 1970s Chromatin immunoprecipitation CHIP CHromatin ImmunoPrecipitation CHIP magazine CHIP magazine , a German computer magazine Chip India CHIP India magazine , Indian edition of German magazine CHIPSat CHIP, a character in Sonic Unleashed a human gene, also known as STUB1 disambiguation ... more details
and 2395 this price included 1 MB RAM and a monitor . With its lowered price, the Amiga 500 went on to become ... Amiga heritage with the custom chip compatibility. While they do are not using the original chips ...Cleanup date June 2009 The following history of the Amiga documents the development and commercial history of the Amiga , a home computer product line manufactured from the middle 1980s up to today. Amiga Corporation The Amiga s chipset was designed by a small company called Amiga Corporation during ... ckb secret lorraine.html 090427 floodgap.com ref Amiga Corp. funded the development of the Lorraine ... the original prototype for the first Amiga and said there was too much hardware Citation needed date July 2009 . He was in the midst of work on the Macintosh at the time and was reportedly worried that the Amiga ... to be extremely worried about the Amiga, but fortunately for him and Apple, Commodore had absolutely no idea what they were doing. ref Verify credibility date July 2011 However, before Amiga Corp ... 87, The early years The first Amiga computer was released in 1985 by Commodore International Commodore . It was simply called the Amiga devoid of references to Commodore. Commodore marketed it both ... . It was later renamed the Amiga 1000 Commodore Amiga 1000 . File Amiga 1000.jpg thumb right 250px The Amiga ... affordable base price of nowrap 1295 USD the Amiga could display up to nowrap 4096 colors ... in a consumer oriented computer and gave the Amiga 1000 a significant technical lead on its ... the Amiga faded from the mainstream market. Poorly marketed, the Amiga 1000 was not an instant success ... the Amiga, asking that it be referred to as The Amiga, from Commodore by the press and designing new ... a new 8 bit computer alongside the Amiga, confusing the general public about Commodore s direction and the Amiga s advantages. In 1994 Byte wrote The Amiga was so far ahead of its time that almost ... it was all about. Today, it s obvious the Amiga was the first multimedia computer, but in those days ... more details
S chips Chinese language Chinese S , also known as S Shares , is a term that refers to Chinese companies listed on the Singapore Exchange . S Chips are incorporated in Singapore , the British Virgin Islands , the Cayman Islands and Bermuda and have their business operations in mainland China. During the Financial crisis of 2007 2010 , many S Chips were tainted by S Chips Scandals corporate scandals . The main difference between S Chips and P chip P Chips is the exchange on which they are traded. An index that covers the prices of S Chips is the FTSE ST China Index. ref http www.ftse.com Indices FTSE ST Index Series index.jsp ref From January 2008 to October 2009, the List of stock market indices FTSE ST China Index had a return of 60 , as opposed to a return of 20 for the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index , which covers the prices of H Shares . References Reflist See also A share mainland China A share B share H share Red chip P chip S chip Blue chip stock market Blue chip N share L share G share China Concepts Stock P Chips Frauds S Chips Scandals China Stock Frauds green chip Green Chip Category Stock market Category Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange Category Singapore Exchange Category Economy of Singapore Category Finance in China ru zh S ... more details
Refimprove date October 2008 Demoscene Amiga demos are Demo computer programming demo s created for the Commodore International Commodore Amiga home computer . Image with inadequate rationale removed Image ... & Symposium 2000 Amiga 64k intro competition A demo is a demonstration of the multimedia capabilities ... to continually outdo each other s demos. Since the Amiga s hardware was more or less fixed unlike ... the problem at hand. The Amiga was the undisputed leader of mainstream multimedia computing in the late 1980s and early 1990s, though it was inevitably overtaken by PC architecture. Some Amiga demos ... field. New Amiga demos are released even today, although the demo scene has firmly moved onto PC hardware. Many Amiga game developers were active in the demo scene. The demo scene spearheaded development in multimedia programming techniques for the Amiga, such that it was de rigueur for the latest ... a few were written in C and other languages. To utilize full hardware performance, Amiga demos were ... processors include, Original Amiga chipset Copper Copper a co processor for synchronizing custom chipset writes to video display sync and Blitter a chip capable of quickly moving blocks of graphical ... and copying scene, although the same people could still be involved in it. Ripping The Amiga ... performed a hot reset which preserved the contents of RAM and then booted to a dedicated floppy ... of Amiga demo groups Note These are only groups with articles on Wikipedia. Equinox Amiga demogroup ... Incorporated Virtual Dreams List of Amiga demos Note These are only demos with articles on Wikipedia ... party The Party 1992 demo competition External links http ada.untergrund.net Amiga Demoscene Archive ftp ftp.amigascne.org Amigascne FTP site http bitworld.bitfellas.org BitWorld Amiga Demoscene Database , Database of over 20000 demos for the Amiga . There is also an alternative exotica Special DemoDB ... Amiga Demoscene directory http www.amigademos.org index.htm Amigademos.org An archive of Amiga demos ... more details
at 14.32 MHz NTSC or 14.18 MHz PAL Random access memory RAM 2 Megabyte MB AmigaChipRAM Read only memory ROM 1 MB Kickstart Amiga Kickstart ROM with CD32 firmware br 1 kilobyte ... Akiko Amiga Akiko chip CD ROM controller and performs Packed pixel chunky to Planar computer ...refimprove date November 2010 Infobox CVG system title Commodore Amiga CD32 logo Image with inadequate rationale removed Image Commodore logo.svg 250px image File Amiga CD32 console.jpg 220px manufacturer ... 08 28 ref os AmigaOS versions AmigaOS 3.0.2C 3.1 AmigaOS 3.1 input Gamepad compatibility Amiga CDTV The Amiga CD32 , styled CD sup 32 sup code named Spellbound , was the first 32 bit CD ROM based video ... Graphics Architecture chipset, and is of similar specification to the Amiga 1200 computer. Using 3rd ... ROM market in the UK ref name marketShareGallup cite web title Amiga Report International Online Magazine , Issue No. 2.09 Amiga News section date 1994 03 11 url http www.amigareport.com ar209 p1 2.html ... title Amiga history guide , the Amiga CD32 section date 2001 01 11 url http www.amigahistory.co.uk cd32.html accessdate 2011 08 28 ref During the brief Amiga CD32 presence in the market, approximately ... thumb 220px Ports located on the back of the Amiga CD32 File CD32mobo.jpg thumb 220px Amiga CD32 ... CPU . Those devices extend the capability of Amiga CD32, allowing it to utilize hardware such as an external 3.5 floppy disk drive, hard disk and IBM PC keyboard . An Amiga CD32 can be turned into a de facto Amiga 1200 via the addition of third party packages. The SX 1 appears to have been designed ... for the A1200 that featured the CD32 s Akiko chip, thus turning any A1200 into a CD32 compatible system. In addition to its own special controllers, the Amiga CD32 is also compatible with most D ..., SEGA Master System controllers, and all Amiga Commodore 64 C64 joystick s as well as Amiga .... Software see also Amiga games Amiga demos List of Games on the Amiga CD32 If the system is turned ... more details
Image ChIP on chip workflow overview.png thumb 400px Workflow overview of a ChIP on chip experiment. tocright ChIP on chip also known as ChIPchip is a technique that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation ChIP with DNA microarray microarray technology chip . Like regular Immunoprecipitation Chromatin immunoprecipitation ChIPChIP , ChIP on chip is used to investigate interactions between protein s and DNA ... modifications. The goal of ChIP on chip is to localize protein binding sites that may help ... 2004 M.J. Buck, J.D. Lieb, ChIPchip considerations for the design, analysis, and application of genome ... offer new insights into the mechanisms of Gene regulation regulation . One of the long term goals ChIP on chip was designed for is to establish a catalogue of selected organisms that lists all protein .... Hence, ChIP on chip offers not only huge potential to complement our knowledge about the orchestration ... platforms See also DNA microarray Immunoprecipitation The technical platforms to conduct ChIP on chip ... profiling gene expression profiles , they have limited importance in ChIP experiments since most ... Genet. 2005 Aug 21 8 466 75. Review. ref Array size The first microarrays used for ChIP on Chip ... to run ChIP on chip experiments. It is generally the case that one company s microarrays can not be analyzed ... workflow equipment. The most important elements are, among others, hybridization ovens, chip scanners, and software packages for subsequent numerical analysis of the raw data. Workflow of a ChIP on chip experiment Starting with a biological question, a ChIP on chip experiment can be divided ... to new questions so that the cycle can start again. Wet lab portion of the workflow Image ChIP on chip wet lab.png thumb 400px Workflow overview of the wet lab portion of a ChIP on chip experiment ... See also DNA microarray Image ChIP on chip dry lab.png thumb 400px Workflow overview of the dry lab portion of a ChIP on chip experiment. After a sufficiently large time frame to allow hybridization ... more details
about the current Amiga company other uses Amiga disambiguation Infobox company company name Amiga, Inc ... key people Bill McEwen industry products Xpedio tablets, Amiga Anywhere, AmigaOS 4 revenue operating income net income num employees homepage http www.amiga.com www.amiga.com Amiga, Inc. is the company that holds the intellectual property associated with the Amiga personal computer originally developed by Amiga Corporation , including the Amiga trademark. Brief history of Amiga brand In the early 1980s Jay Miner , along with other Atari, Inc. staffers, set up another chip set project under a new company in Santa Clara, called Hi Toro later renamed to Amiga, Inc. , where they could have ... pdf misc atari amiga contract.pdf ref went into contract with Amiga for licensed use of the chipset ... court Cite court litigants ATARI Corp. vs. Amiga Corporation reporter U.S. court Santa Clara, California Federal Court date March 6th, 1984 contract between Atari Inc. and Amiga Corp. included in evidence filings url http www.law.corn ref 500,000 was advanced to Amiga to continue development of the chipset. ref name atari inc Citation title AMIGA S HIGH TECH GAMBLE pages newspaper New York Times location New York, New York date 29 August 1984 url http www.nytimes.com 1984 08 29 business amiga s high ... Amiga negotiated with Commodore 2 weeks prior to the contract deadline of June 30, 1984. ref ... 5098,634690&dq amiga 500000 atari&hl en accessdate 2010 11 27 ref In August 1984 Atari sued Amiga ... news atari commodore settle.html accessdate 2010 11 27 ref See Amiga Corporation . In 1994, Commodore ... PC manufacturer, who in turn went bankrupt in 1996. The Amiga brand was then sold to another PC manufacturer, Gateway 2000 , which had announced grand plans for it. However, in 1999, Gateway sold Amiga ... news title Amino Development Buys Amiga Name, Inventory From Gateway date 1999 12 31 accessdate 2010 ... 2010 09 04 ref Gateway still retained ownership to all Amiga patents. The owner of the trademark, Amiga ... more details
Infobox computer Photo Name Commodore Amiga 1500 Type Personal computer Released 1990 Discontinued 1991 Processor Motorola 68000 clocked at nowrap 7.14 MHz Memory OS nowrap AmigaOS Amiga OS 1.3 predecessor successor manufacturer Commodore International Commodore price nowrap 999 Pound sterling GBP unitssold related Amiga 2000 media 2 3 inch nowrap 880 kB floppy disk drives memory nowrap 1 MB on board Random access memory RAM , nowrap 256 kB Read only memory ROM display nowrap 320 x 256 to nowrap 640 x 512 screen resolutions, nowrap 32 to 4096 colours audio 4 voice 8 bit Pulse code modulation PCM The Commodore International Commodore Amiga 1500 , also known as the A1500 , was a 16 bit 16 32 bit home personal computer released in 1990 . It originally sold for 999. It was a variation of the Amiga 2000 , and was released only in the United Kingdom . It differed from the A2000 by having two internal floppy disk drive floppy drives instead of one, the second being in place of the hard disk drive . The A1500 had no hard disk drive as standard. A1500s were easily convertible into A2000s by addition of a hard disk controller and associated drive , and then simply peeling off the A1500 label revealing the A2000 label beneath. The reason for the UK only release may have been the existence of a desktop upgrade kit for the Amiga 500 made by Checkmate Digital and also called A1500 ref http www.amiga hardware.com showhardware.cgi?HARDID 6 Checkmate Digital Checkmate A1500 ref , and Commodore trying to keep the name for themselves. References reflist See also Amiga models and variants External links http www.amigahistory.co.uk a1500.html Amiga history page http www.old computers.com museum computer.asp?st 1&c 624 old computers.com CBM computers Amiga hardware AmigaOS Category Amiga Category 1990 introductions microcompu stub fr Amiga 1500 it Amiga 1500 pl Amiga 1500 ru Amiga 1500 sr Commodore Amiga 1500 sv Amiga 1500 ... more details
unref date March 2009 Image Amiga1000.jpg thumb Amiga 1000 with external A1010 Floppy disk drive and A1060 ... by Commodore and released in 1986 for the Amiga 1000 computer. It features a complete PC XT system mounted in an expansion case which connected to the expansion bus on the right side of the Amiga ... was built around an Intel 8088 processor. All I O procedures from the PC side are performed by the Amiga. Software was included to allow data to be exchanged easily between the PC and the Amiga side of the system ... DOS and AmigaOS environments. This was the first hard drive produced by Commodore for the Amiga. Video display and user input were performed through the Amiga s monitor, keyboard, and mouse. This allows the user to control both computers simultaneously. Characteristics The Amiga Sidecar was a complete IBM PC XT system, with the exception of I O devices and operations which are handled by the Amiga. Processor Intel 8088 clocked at 4.77 MHz RAM 256K expandable to 512K 80K Dual Bus Memory Graphics Emulation Dependent on Amiga settings. Can use real 8bit ISA graphics cards Sound Emulation Dependent on Amiga settings. can use real 8bit ISA sound cards One internal 5.25 drive bay normally fitted with a 360K 5.25 floppy drive 3 x 8bit ISA slots for using real PC cards Amiga 1000 Expansion Bus connector for Amiga connectivity History Early in its life, the Amiga was strong in entertainment .... Commodore s intent was to let the Amiga take advantage of PC compatibility to shore up its weakness ... expensive and it required a non trivial amount of desktop space compared to the Amiga 1000 by itself. The device was also taller than the Amiga 1000, which made it seem even further disconnected to the main ... to the lack of adoption of the Sidecar. Newer Amiga models like the Amiga 2000 provided internal ..., but without the need for a bulky external chassis. The popular Amiga 500 could not be used ... to be released for AmigaOS , reducing the need to run MS DOS applications on the Amiga. Simultaneously ... more details
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