in general both derive their names from the ancient Greek word for change. Structure Amoeboids Amoeboid ... filament s and microtubule s. These are not used in amoeboid movement, but are stiff skeletons on which ... Acrasida and Dictyosteliida . These two phyla use amoeboid movement in their feeding stage. The former ... in which a colony of these functions as a unit. Myxomycete slime molds use amoeboid gametes, as well ... may be amoeboid, for instance human white blood cell s, which consume pathogens. Many protist s also exist as individual amoeboid cells, or take such a form at some point in their life cycle. The most ... themselves are polyphyletic and subject to some imprecision in definition, the term amoeboid does ... upon cladistics . It has been stated that most amoeboid are now grouped in Amoebozoa or Rhizaria . ref name pmid19335771 cite journal author Pawlowski J, Burki F title Untangling the phylogeny of amoeboid ... doi 10.1111 j.1550 7408.2008.00379.x ref However, in contexts where amoeboid is defined more loosely, there are many amoeboid species that are in the Excavata clade. Phylogenetic analyses place these genera into the following groups not all of these are considered amoeboid or amoebas by all sources ... to have amoeboid forms. The naked filose amoebae also includes vampyrellid s. Reticulose pseudopods ... The Heterolobosea , includes protists that can transform between amoeboid and flagellate forms. style ... Pfiesteria Hyalodiscus and Pfiesteria are sometimes considered to have amoeboid characteristics ... more details
Expert subject date July 2010 one source date July 2010 Amoeboid movement is a crawling like type of movement accomplished by protrusion of cytoplasm of the Cell biology cell involving the formation of pseudopod ia. The cytoplasm slides and forms a pseudopodium in front to move the cell forward. This type of movement has been linked to changes in action potential the exact mechanism is still unknown. This type of movement is observed in amoeboids , slime mold s and some protozoa ns, as well as some cells in humans such as white blood cell leukocytes . Sarcoma s, or cancers arising from connective tissue cells, are particularly adept at amoeboid movement, thus leading to their high rate of metastasis. ref Stefano F. Cannibalism A way to feed on metastatic tumors Cancer Letters 258 2007 155 164 ref Locomotion of amoeba occurs due the sol gel conversion of the cytoplasm within its cell. The Ectoplasm cell biology ectoplasm being called the plasma gel and the endoplasm the plasma sol. The conversion of the endoplasm to ecto and vice versa is called sol gel conversion. citation needed date October 2010 For example, when an amoeba moves, it extends the gelatinous cytosol pseudopium, which then results in the more fluid cytosol flowing after the gelatinous portion where it congeals at the end of the pseudopium. Inside the amoeba, there are proteins that can be activated to convert the gel into the more liquid state. References Reflist cell biology stub Category Cell movement ar de Am boide Bewegung et Am bliikumine pl Ruch pe zakowaty ... more details
Testacea is an order of rhizopod , which consists of Test biology test ate amoeboid organisms. ref cite jstor 3565062 ref References Reflist Category Amoeboids Protist stub ... more details
italic title Pinaciophora is an amoeboid genus of Nucleariid . It includes the species Pinaciophora fluviatilis . ref http www.springerlink.com content j76h2421317w6h5p ref References reflist protist stub Eukaryota classification Category Nucleariids ko ... more details
Paratetramitus is an amoeboid genus of the group Heterolobosea . ref name urlThe Amoebae cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref References reflist Excavata Category Percolozoa protist stub ... more details
italic title Stachyamoeba is a genus the amoeboid Heterolobosea . ref name urlStachyamoeba cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver Stachyamoeba.htm title Stachyamoeba format work accessdate 2009 06 02 ref References reflist Category Protist genera protist stub Excavata ... more details
Taxobox domain Eukaryota regnum Amoebozoa familia Acanthamoebidae genus Protoacanthamoeba Protoacanthamoeba is an amoeboid genus. ref name urlThe Amoebae cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref See also Protacanthamoeba bohemica References reflist Amoebozoa Category Amoebozoa protist stub ... more details
Italic title Rosculus is a heterolobosean amoeboid genus. ref name urlThe Amoebae cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae format work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref References reflist protist stub Excavata Category Percolozoa ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Mastigella domain Eukaryota regnum Amoebozoa phylum Archamoebae ordo Mastigamoebida familia Mastigamoebidae genus Mastigella genus authority Frenzel, 1897 Mastigella is an amoeboid genus belonging to Amoebozoa . ref cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref References reflist Amoebozoa Category Amoebozoa protist stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Vahlkampfia domain Eukaryote Eukaryota unranked phylum Excavata phylum Percolozoa classis Heterolobosea ordo Schizopyrenida familia Vahlkampfiidae genus Vahlkampfia genus authority Vahlkampfia is a genus of amoeboid s in Heterolobosea . ref cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae publisher University of Edinburgh accessdate June 25, 2009 ref References reflist Excavata Category Percolozoa protist stub de Flie am ben ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Willaertia domain Eukaryote Eukaryota unranked phylum Excavata phylum Percolozoa classis Heterolobosea ordo Schizopyrenida familia Vahlkampfiidae genus Willaertia genus authority Willaertia is an amoeboid genus of Heterolobosea . ref name urlThe Amoebae cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae format work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref References reflist protist stub Excavata Category Percolozoa ... more details
italictitle A. dubia may refer to Amphisbaena dubia , L. M ller, 1924, a worm lizard species in the genus Amphisbaena genus Amphisbaena Synonyms Alcippe dubia , a synonym for Schoeniparus dubia , the rusty capped fulvetta, a bird species found in Bhutan, China, India and Laos Amoeba dubia , a synonym for Polychaos dubium , a freshwater amoeboid Anguillulina dubia , a synonym for Tylenchorhynchus dubius , a plant pathogenic nematode See also Dubia disambiguation Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Taxobox name Euglyphids image Euglypha sp.jpg image width 250px image caption Euglypha sp. domain Eukaryote Eukaryota unranked phylum Rhizaria phylum Cercozoa classis Imbricatea ordo Euglyphida ordo authority Herbert Copeland Copeland , 1956 small subdivision ranks Families subdivision Cyphoderiidae br Euglyphidae br Paulinellidae br Trinematidae The euglyphids are a prominent group of filose amoeboid amoeba e that produce shells or tests from siliceous scales, plates, and sometimes spines. These elements are created within the cell and then assembled on its surface in a more or less regular arrangement, giving the test a textured appearance. There is a single opening for the long slender pseudopods, which capture food and pull the cell across the substrate. Euglyphids are common in soils, marshes, and other organic rich environments, feeding on tiny organisms such as bacteria . The test is generally 30 100 m in length, although the cell only occupies part of this space. During reproduction a second shell is formed opposite the opening, so both daughter cells remain protected. Different genera and species are distinguished primarily by the form of the test. Euglypha and Trinema are the most common. The euglyphids are traditionally grouped with other amoebae. However, genetic studies instead place them with various amoeboid and flagellate groups, forming an assemblage called the Cercozoa . Their closest relatives are the thaumatomonad s, flagellates that form similar siliceous tests. Rhizaria Category Cercozoa Category Amoeboids de Euglyphida es Euglyphida fr Euglyphida ... more details
A pontifex was an official in a Rome Roman priesthood of the pre Christian era, headed by the Pontifex Maximus , and now one of the titles of the Pope . Pontifex may also refer to Pontifex project , the Planning Of Non specific Transportation by an Intelligent Fleet EXpert European project Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex died 82 BC , politician of the Roman Republic Romanus Pontifex , papal bull of 1455, granting nations and explorers rights over newly discovered lands Pontifex, codename for the solitaire cipher Solitaire encryption algorithm in the 1999 novel Cryptonomicon by Neal Stephenson Pontifex , computer game in the Bridge Builder series Majipoor series Valentine Pontifex , 1983 novel by Robert Silverberg Pontifex genus Pontifex genus , a group of amoeboid organisms See also Pontiff disambig ca Pont fex pl Pontifex ... more details
Taxobox name Komokiacea domain Eukaryota regnum Rhizaria phylum Foraminifera ordo Allogromiida superfamilia Komokiacea superfamilia authority Tendal & Hessler 1977 small subdivision ranks Families subdivision Komokiidae br Baculellidae The Komokiacea are a small group of amoeboid protozoa, usually considered foraminifera ns, though this is questionable. They form branching pseudopods which collect food and debris, and the latter is cemented together to form a branching test, with multiple openings but no true chambers. Komokiacea are mostly reported from deep sea environments, and are still poorly known. References cite journal author Tendal, O.S., and R.R. Hessler title An introduction to the biology and systematics of the Komokiacea Textulariina, Foraminiferida journal Galathea Report year 1977 volume 14 pages 165 194 Category Foraminifera protist stub es Komokiacea de Komokiacea ... more details
Amoeba genus Amoeba sometimes am ba or ameba , plural amoebae is a genus of protozoa n, and may also refer to members of that genus. Amoeba or ameba can also refer to an amoeboid organism Amoeba distributed operating system Amoeba Music , an independent music chain Amoeba band , an experimental music group with Robert Rich and Rick Davies Amoeba , a song by The Adolescents Amoeba mathematics , a certain type of set Ameba website , a Japanese social networking website. disambig ar de Amoeba es Amoeba fr Amoeba homonymie nl Amoeba ru Amoeba tr Amoeba uk Amoeba ... more details
A grex or slug is a multicellular aggregate of amoeboid amoeba of the groups Acrasiomycota or Dictyosteliid a that can be formed when the amoeba run out of food. It takes its form when the column formed from the aggregation of cells collapses due to its height, and becomes a slug shaped mass. The grex moves as a unit, and the individual organisms form a fruiting body , in which amoeba are differentiated into stalk cells and spore cells. The latter can be transported by wind or water a distance that is relatively great compared with what the organisms can achieve in their typical form the former desiccate and die. Its name comes from the latin word meaning flock . See also Dictyosteliid References Zimmer, C. 1998. The slime alternative. Discoverer , 19 9 , 86 93. Category Amoebozoa Category Amoeboids biology stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox domain Eukaryota regnum Amoebozoa phylum Tubulinea ordo Tubulinida familia Amoebidae genus Trichamoeba Trichamoeba is a genus of Amoebozoa . It includes the species Trichamoeba villosa . ref name pmid6022568 cite journal author Bhowmick DK title Electron microscopy of Trichamoeba villosa and amoeboid movement journal Exp. Cell Res. volume 45 issue 3 pages 570 89 year 1967 month March pmid 6022568 doi 10.1016 0014 4827 67 90161 9 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii 0014 4827 67 90161 9 ref References reflist Amoebozoa Category Amoebozoa protist stub de Trichamoeba ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Endamoeba domain Eukaryota phylum Amoebozoa classis Archamoebae familia Entamoebidae genus Endamoeba genus authority Joseph Leidy J. Leidy , 1879 ref cite journal author Harold Kirby year 1945 title Entamoeba coli versus Endamoeba coli journal Journal of Parasitology volume 31 issue 3 pages 177 184 jstor 3272539 ref Endamoeba is a genus of amoeboid s in Amoebozoa . ref name urlThe Amoebae cite web url http www.bms.ed.ac.uk research others smaciver amoebae.htm title The Amoebae format work accessdate 2009 06 25 ref It includes the species Endamoeba blattae , Endamoeba lutea , and Endamoeba similans . ref http www.eol.org pages 62541 ref References reflist Amoebozoa Category Amoebozoa protist stub ... more details
of the excavate group. The amoeboid stage is roughly cylindrical, typically around 1 E 5 m ... the amoeboid form is taken when food is plentiful, and the flagellate form is used for rapid locomotion ... pages 121 132 ref as a class of amoebae, and so only included those forms with amoeboid stages. Thomas ... Cavalier Smith maintained the Heterolobosea as a class for amoeboid forms. He has defined Percolozoa ... more details
Taxobox name Heliomonadida domain Eukaryote Eukaryota unranked phylum Rhizaria phylum Cercozoa classis Granofilosea ordo Heliomonadida subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Heliomorpha br Tetradimorpha The Heliomonadida ref name pmid18952499 cite journal author Bass D, Chao EE, Nikolaev S, et al. title Phylogeny of novel naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea revised journal Protist volume 160 issue 1 pages 75 109 year 2009 month February pmid 18952499 doi 10.1016 j.protis.2008.07.002 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S1434 4610 08 00044 8 ref formerly Dimorphida ref name pmid15148395 cite journal author Nikolaev SI, Berney C, Fahrni JF, et al. title The twilight of Heliozoa and rise of Rhizaria, an emerging supergroup of amoeboid eukaryotes journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 101 issue 21 pages 8066 71 year 2004 month May pmid 15148395 pmc 419558 doi 10.1073 pnas.0308602101 url http www.pnas.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 15148395 ref are a small group of heliozoa n amoeboid s that are unusual in possessing flagellum flagella throughout their biological life cycle life cycle . Classification Genetic studies place them among the Cercozoa , a group including various other flagellate s that form filose pseudopodia . This order has recently been placed into the new class biology class of naked filose cercozoan s called Granofilosea ref name pmid18952499 . There are two genera in this Order biology order Heliomorpha , a tiny organism found in freshwater the larger Tetradimorpha , which is distinguished by having four rather than two flagella. Morphology Bundles of microtubule s, typically in square array, arise from a body near the flagellar bases and support the numerous axopods that project from the cell surface. Dimorphids have a single cell nucleus nucleus , and mitochondrion mitochondria with tubular cristae. References reflist Rhizaria Category Cercozoa Category Amoeboids es Dimorphida ... more details
Taxobox domain Eukaryota regnum Rhizaria phylum Cercozoa classis Gromiidea genus Gromia genus authority Dujardin , 1835 Gromia is a widespread genus of marine and freshwater amoeboid s, closely resembling some foraminifera ns. It produces an organic Test biology test , which is ovoid or lobed and may exceed one millimetre in size this resembles a small grape, in that its centre is fluid filled but lacks organic matter, which is concentrated in its translucent test and underlying sediment, making the organism almost neutrally buoyant. ref name Matz2008 Filose pseudopods emerge from a single opening in the test. They branch and may merge together again, but unlike the pseudopods of true foraminiferans they are not granular and rarely form a network. The life cycle involves both asexual and sexual reproduction, and at certain stages motile cells with two flagellum flagella are produced. On molecular trees Gromia is separated from other filose amoebae, which are mostly core Cercozoa , and appears between the Cercozoa and Foraminifera. It may be placed as the closest living relative of the foraminiferans, but rapid genetic divergence between several groups makes this difficult to confirm. Gromia can produce traces on the sea floor as it rolls around, which bear a resemblance to early trace fossils . These tracks are sinuous grooves, and are bordered by two squat, relatively wide ridges. ref name Matz2008 cite journal doi 10.1016 j.cub.2008.10.028 year 2008 month Dec author Matz, Mv Frank, Tm Marshall, Nj Widder, Ea Johnsen, S title Giant deep sea protist produces bilaterian like traces volume 18 issue 23 pages 1849 54 issn 0960 9822 pmid 19026540 journal Current biology CB ref Gromia sphaerica is a large amoeboid discovered in the Arabian Sea. References reflist External links http www.unige.ch sciences biologie biani msg people Fabien Gromia2.htm Images Rhizaria Category Cercozoa Category Amoeboids de Gromia es Gromia sr Gromia ... more details
Taxobox color khaki name Protist regnum Protista phylum Sarcomastigophora subdivision ranks Subphyla subdivision Mastigophora Sarcodina Opalinata The phylum Sarcomastigophora belongs to the Protist kingdom and it includes many unicellular or colonial, autotrophic, or heterotrophic organisms. Taxonomy It is divided into three subphyla the Mastigophora , the Sarcodina and the Opalinata . ref http species.wikimedia.org wiki Sarcomastigophora ref It is polyphyletic , and it is not a universally recognized classification. It places great significance upon method of locomotion in generating the taxonomy. It can be described either as kingdom Protista phylum Sarcomastigophora br or in older classifications as phylum Protozoa subphylum Sarcomastigophora . ref name isbn0 7748 0503 X cite book author Dunster, Katherine Dunster, Julian A. title Dictionary of natural resource management publisher UBC Press location Vancouver year 1996 pages 337 isbn 0 7748 0503 X oclc doi accessdate ref Name It gets its name from the combination of Sarcodina which is an older term used for amoeboid s ref name pmid19335771 cite journal author Pawlowski J, Burki F title Untangling the phylogeny of amoeboid protists journal J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. volume 56 issue 1 pages 16 25 year 2009 pmid 19335771 doi 10.1111 j.1550 7408.2008.00379.x ref and Mastigophora which is an older term for flagellate s . See also Protozoa Foraminifera Radiolaria Red Tide References reflist External links http www.meer.org M26.htm Eukaryota classification Category Protista az Sarkomastiqoforlar bg et Juurviburloomad es Sarcomastigophora eu Sarcomastigophora it Sarcomastigophora pt Sarcomastigophora ru sk Kore ono cobi kovce tr Sarcomastigophora ... more details
Archaeocytes from Greek language Greek wikt archaios archaios beginning and wikt kytos kytos hollow vessel or amoebocytes are Amoeba amoeboid cells found in Sea sponge sponges . They are Totipotency totipotent and have varied functions depending on the species . Location Archaeocytes are located in the mesohyl , an acellular gelatinous matrix, along with other specialized sponge cells including collencyte s and structural elements called spicule s. They move about within the mesohyl with amoeba like movements performing a number of important functions. Functions Cellular differentiation is an essential function of the archaeocyte. All specialized cells within the sponge have its origins with the archaeocyte. This is especially important in Biological reproduction reproduction as the sex cells of the sponge in sexual reproduction are formed from these amoeboid cells. Similarly in asexual reproduction amoebocytes result in the formation of gemmule s which are cyst like spheres containing more amoebocytes as well as other sponge cells including the phylum specific choanocyte . These cells move within the walls of a sponge and form spicules. References cite book author Tschinkel, Hayward, Mahoney and Felgenhauer year 2000 title An introduction to Animal Diversity edition 5th publisher Pearson Custome Publishing location Boston id ISBN 0 536 61552 7 cite book author C. Hickman Jr., L. Roberts, S. Keen, A. Larson and D. Eisenhour year 2007 title Animal Diversity edition 4th publisher McGraw Hill location New York id ISBN 978 0 07 252844 2 Cell biology stub Category Poriferans Category Cell biology Category Animal cells fr Archaeocytes pl Archeocyt sr ... more details
pseudopodia are called phagocytosis pseudopodia. A common example of this sort of amoeboid cell ... , an amoeboid with Lobopodia Pseudopods can be classified into several varieties according ... more details
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