Infobox language name Dhofari Arabic states Oman speakers 70,000 date 1996 ethnicity familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Southern script Arabic alphabet iso3 adf Dhofari Arabic also known as Dhofari, Zofari is a Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic language Arabic spoken in Salalah , Oman and the surrounding coastal regions Dhofar . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code adf Ethnologue entry for Dhofari Arabic External links Varieties of Arabic Category Central Semitic languages Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Oman AfroAsiatic lang stub Oman stub hr Dhofari arapski mk th ... more details
Infobox language name Sanaani Arabic states Yemen region north speakers 7,600,000 date 1996 ethnicity familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Yemeni Arabic script Arabic alphabet iso3 ayn Sanaani Arabic also known as North Yemeni Arabic is an Afro Asiatic languages Afro Asiatic language spoken in north Yemen . It is a variety of Yemeni Arabic . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code ayn Ethnologue entry for Sanaani Arabic External links Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Yemen AfroAsiatic lang stub Yemen stub ar hr Sjevernojemenski arapski ... more details
No footnotes date October 2011 Baghdad Arabic or the Baghdadi Arabic is the Arabic Varieties of Arabic variety spoken in Baghdad , the capital of Iraq . During the last century, Baghdad Arabic has become the lingua franca of Iraq, and the language of commerce and education. It is a subvariety of Iraqi Arabic . An interesting sociolinguistic feature of Baghdad is the existence of three distinct dialects Muslim, Baghdad Arabic Jewish Jewish and Christian Baghdadi Arabic. Muslim Baghdadi belongs to a group called gilit dialects, while Jewish Baghdadi as well as Christian Baghdadi belongs to qeltu dialects. Baghdadi gilit Arabic, which is considered the standard Baghdadi Arabic, shares many features with Gulf Arabic and with varieties spoken in some parts of eastern Syria . Gilit Arabic is of Bedouin provenance, unlike Christian and Jewish Baghdadi, which is believed to be descendant of Medieval Iraqi Arabic . Until the 1950s Baghdad Arabic contained a large inventory of borrowings from English language English , Turkish language Turkish , Persian language Persian or Kurdish language . During the first decades of the 20th century, when the population of Baghdad was less than a million, some inner city quarters had their own distinctive speech characteristics, maintained for generations. From about the 1960s, with the population movement within the city, and the influx of large numbers of people hailing mainly from the south, Baghdad Arabic has become more standardized, and has come to incorporate some rural and Bedouin features. Distinct features of Muslim Baghdadi Arabic is the use ... gilitlich meaning I told you whereas maslawi s would say ana qiltolki . See also Baghdad Arabic Jewish Maslawi References Kees Versteegh, et al. Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics , BRILL, 2006. cite book last Ab Haidar first Far da title Christian Arabic of Baghdad year 1991 publisher ... of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Fertile Crescent Category Languages of Iraq ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2008 Infobox language name Syrian Arabic states Syria familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Levantine Arabic fam6 South Levantine Arabic script Arabic alphabet iso3 notice IPA Syrian Arabic lang ar is a variety of Arabic spoken in Syria . History Syrian Arabic proper is a form of Levantine Arabic , and may be divided into South Syrian Arabic, spoken in the cities of Damascus , Homs and Hama , and North Syrian Arabic , spoken in the region of Aleppo. Allied dialects are spoken in the coastal mountains. Lebanese Arabic is in some ways part of the South Syrian family, but is more properly viewed as a transitional dialect between it and Palestinian Arabic . Due to Syria s long history of multiculturalism and foreign imperialism, Syrian Arabic exhibits a vocabulary strata that includes word borrowings from Turkish language Turkish , Kurdish language Kurdish , Armenian language Armenian , Syriac language Syriac , and Persian language Persian . Syrian Arabic is written right to left. Other forms of Arabic natively spoken in Syria, but not forming part of the Syrian Arabic branch, include the dialect spoken in the Jabal al Druze Jabal Al Arab mountains the eastern ... speaking a form of North Mesopotamian Arabic Bedawi Arabic , spoken by the Bedouin Badu Bedouin ... songs and movies. The diagnostic features of Syrian Arabic also found in Lebanese Arabic and urban Palestinian Arabic are the pronunciation of final ah as the pronunciation of Q f Arabic q.C4.81f qaf as a glottal stop IPA in a fashion similar to Egyptian Arabic and unique to Levantine Arabic and Egyptian Arabic. Within Syria itself, non indigenous dialects of Arabic, most notably Iraqi Arabic and Palestinian Arabic, are frequently used within their respective refugee diasporas, especially in Damascus. Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Fertile Crescent Category ... more details
Arabic history may refer to Arab history History of Arabic History of Arabia disambiguation disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Infobox Language name Shihhi Arabic familycolor Afro Asiatic states United Arab Emirates , Oman speakers 27,000 fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Southern iso3 ssh Shihhi Arabic also known as Shihu, Shihuh, Al Shihuh is a Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic language Arabic spoken in the Musandam Peninsula of Oman . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code ssh Ethnologue entry for Shihhi Arabic External links Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Oman Category Languages of the United Arab Emirates AfroAsiatic lang stub United Arab Emirates stub Oman stub ar es rabe ch ji hr Shihhi arapski mk pms Lenga Shihhi ... more details
distinguish Beja language Infobox language name Bedawi Arabic states Egypt , Israel , Jordan , Palestine , Syria speakers 1 610 000 familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Levantine Arabic script Arabic alphabet iso3 avl Image Bedawi of the Kishon.jpg thumb left A Bedawi speaking Bedouin person, 1913. Bedawi Arabic also known as Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic ISO 639 3 , Bedawi, Levantine Bedawi Arabic is a Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic language Arabic spoken by Bedouins mostly in eastern Egypt , and also in Jordan , Israel , the West Bank , the Gaza Strip and Syria . Dialects include Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic, South Levantine Bedawi Arabic , and North Levantine Bedawi Arabic. ref harvnb Gordon 2005 ref Notes Reflist References citation editor first Raymond G.. Jr. editor last Gordon year 2005 title Ethnologue Languages of the World edition 15th publication place Dallas publisher Summer Institute of Linguistics chapter Bedawi Arabic url http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code avl Further reading Haim Blanc. 1970. The Arabic Dialect of the Negev Bedouins, Proceedings of The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities 4 7 112 150. Rudolf E. de Jong. 2000. A Grammar of the Bedouin Dialects of the Northern Sinai Littoral Bridging the Linguistic Gap between the Eastern and Western Arab World . Leiden Brill. Judith Rosenhouse. 1984. The Bedouin Arabic Dialects General Problems and Close Analysis of North Israel Bedouin Dialects . Wiesbaden Harrassowitz. Varieties of Arabic Category Central Semitic languages Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Egypt Category Languages of Jordan Category Languages of Palestine Category Languages of Syria Category Fertile Crescent AfroAsiatic lang stub Egypt stub Israel stub Jordan stub Palestine stub Syria stub ar br Arabeg bedawiek es rabe bedawi ko hr Isto noegipatski bedawi arapski ... more details
unreferenced date December 2008 Jijel Arabic is a dialect of Arabic language Arabic spoken specifically in the Jijel Province in northeastern Algeria , but traces of it reach parts of the neighboring provinces of Skikda and Mila . It is quite different from all the other Arabic dialects spoken in eastern Algeria and has probably survived into present times because of the geographic enclavement of that mountainous area and the difficulty of terrestrial connections with the rest of the country for centuries. It is a relic of the pre Banu Hilal Hilalian Arabic dialects resulting from the first Arabic invasion in the 7th and 8th centuries that were once spoken in all the north of Constantine but which were later replaced by Hilalian Bedouin Arabic that was brought by the second wave of Arab invasions during the 11th century. Pre Hilalian Arabic dialects remained intact only in a small area around Jijel while they were heavily mixed with bedouin dialects in the areas of Constantine, Algeria Constantine , Mila , Collo and El Milia . These pre Hilalian Arabic dialects have survived also in the Algerian region of Tlemcen as well as in northern Morocco and to this day Northern Moroccan Arabic, Tlemcen Arabic, and Jijel Arabic are still very close to one another. External links http www.ieiop.com pub 05caubet.pdf Varieties of Arabic Category Languages of Algeria ar fr Djidj lien ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove August 2011 rewrite March 2010 Andalusian classical music lang ar , Arabic transliteration trans. mousiqua al la , lang es m sica andalus is a style of Arabic ... and Tetouan . Ma luf al Maal f is a type of Andalusian music with some influenced by Ottoman and Berber Chawi music. It exists in east Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. Origins Andalusian classical music ... the rest of Europe. The English words lute , rebec , guitar , and naker derive from the Arabic oud , rabab , Guitar History qithara and naqareh , although some Arabic terms had been derived from the Greek ... expanded the reach of Andalusian music. In his book Jews of Andalusia and the Maghreb on the musical ... in Morocco, the Muslims and Jews have piously preserved the Spanish Arabic music .... In Spain and Morocco, Jews were ardent maintainers of Andalusian music and the zealous guardians of its old traditions .... The author also discusses a number of rare books related to Andalusian music, including a directory of Andalusian music written in 1786 by Al Haik of Tetouan, Morocco , and a rare repertoire ... PA228 ref If the term Gharnati refers in the region of Tlemcen to the entire directory of Andalusian scholars, in Morocco it designates a distinct musical style of the Andalusian in addition ... ogQLKLjgaHEC&pg PP1 v onepage&q ref The North African cities have in particular inherited the Andalusian ... title The literature of Al Andalus volume 4 Arabic literature to the end of the Umayyad period author1 ... ?id u5AVpiscx7YC&pg PP444 v onepage&q series title Cambridge history of Arabic literature ... Tetouan. ref http users.ipfw.edu jehle DEISENBE JHPcolumn MUSIQUEA.htm Arab Andalusian Music of Morocco ... nuba and in Morocco eleven have survived, which together include 25 Andalusian modes. Each nuba is divided ... m z n . Andalusian classical music orchestras are spread across Maghreb, including the cities ... s, though these are rare. Influence of Andalusian music Andalusia was probably the main ... more details
Infobox language name Omani Arabic states Oman region Hajar mountains and a few coastal towns speakers 815,000 familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Southern script Arabic alphabet iso3 acx Omani Arabic also known as Omani Hadari Arabic is a Varieties of Arabic variety of Gulf Arabic dialect spoken in the Hajar Mountains of Oman and in a few neighboring coastal regions. It was formerly spoken by colonists in Kenya and Tanzania , but most or all of them have shifted to Swahili language Swahili . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code acx Ethnologue entry for Omani Arabic External links ethnologue acx http www.rosettaproject.org archive acx Entry for Omani Arabic at Rosetta Project Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Oman AfroAsiatic lang stub Oman stub ar br Arabeg Oman cs Om nsk arab tina hr Omanski arapski mk th ... more details
merge from Arabic Letter Keyboard Intellark date October 2011 unreferenced date May 2009 The Arabic keyboard lang ar is the keyboard layout used for the Arabic language. All Computer Arabic keyboards contain both Arabic and Latin, as Latin characters are necessary for Uniform Resource Locator URL s and Email address es. Since Arabic is written from right to left, when typing using an Arabic keyboard, the letters will start appearing from the right side of the screen. Layouts Arabic Typewriter Keyboard This keyboard layout first appeared on the first Arabic typewriter made by Egyptians Philip Wakid and Saleem Haddad in 1914. File KB Arabic Typewriter.svg Sakhr MSX Arabic Keyboard File KB Arabic Sakhr.svg IBM PC Arabic Keyboard File KB Arabic.svg Mac Arabic Keyboard File KB Arabic MAC.svg Intellark Arabic Keyboard File Intellark4qwerty.png Intellark imposed on a QWERTY keyboard layout The above layout is built to maximize knowledge transfer . Intellark is designed to allow QWERTY , AZERTY or any Latin derived keyboard layout users to retain and reuse their knowledge of key locations. In Intellark , a relationship is established between Latin based and Arabic based characters based on phonetic sound. For example, typing the English element in the pairs a, , s, , d, , f, , or w, produces the Arabic one. Next, further relationships are drawn among the Arabic characters themselves, where double pressing the element on the right in each pair in , , , produces a dependent character as based on shape, phonetic sound, or both, and so on. See also Arabic Letter Keyboard Intellark External links http learn101.org arabic keyboard.php Arabic keyboard with English phonetics http www.arabic keyboard.org Arabic keyboard http www.arabe clavier.com arabic keyboard Arabic keyboard online and Arabic transliteration Category Arabic language computing Keyboard Category Keyboard layouts Category Input methods ar fa ... more details
multiple issues lead missing December 2011 unfer December 2011 wikify December 2011 orphan December 2011 Peninsular Arabic , or Khaliji Arabic , is the set of Arabic dialects spoken throughout the Arabian Peninsula. This includes Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, as well as large parts of Iraq, Syria and Jordan. Note As this area is the homeland of the Arabic language, it is common to expect the language spoken there to be closer to Classical or Qur an Arabic. This is not the case. Although these dialect may have kept nowadays archaic features such as the conservation of nunation for indeterminate nouns, they are as or sometimes even more divergent from Classical Arabic as other dialects may be. Varieties File Arabic Dialects.svg thumb right An overview of the different Arabic dialects One generally considers the following varieties Najdi Arabic , spoken in the center of the peninsula. It is characterized by a shift of q to d and k to t . Gulf Arabic , spoken on the coast of the Arabo Persian gulf, with adds to Najdi feature a further evolution of into a y sound, IPA j . cn date March 2012 Yemen Arabic , which displays a past conjugation with ultra archaic k suffix, as in southern Semitic languages. It has to be noted that the particular dialect of Aden has IPA as in Cairo. Hijazi Arabic , spoken along the coast of the red sea, and especially in the cities of Makka and Jiddah. It shows sufficiently many similarities with the dialects spoken in Sudan and upper Egypt, to suggests that these latter African aeras could have been arabicized without populations crossing the isthmus of Suez. The dialect of the Syrian desert nomads, with the characteristic feature of q dz and k ts . It should be noted that the IPA ilit dialects spoken in Syria and Iraq on the Euphrates course, are very close to Peninsular Arabic AfroAsiatic lang stub Arabic language Varieties of Arabic Category Languages of Saudi Arabia Category Arabic languag ... more details
Incubator code ary Main Page Infobox language name Moroccan Arabic nativename Alma ribia pronunciation ... Semitic languages South Central Semitic fam5 Arabic language Arabic script Arabic alphabet , Latin alphabet iso3 ary notice IPA Moroccan Arabic , also known as Darija , is the Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic spoken in the Arabic language Arabic speaking areas of Morocco . For official communications, the government and other public bodies use Modern Standard Arabic , as is the case in most Arabic speaking countries. A mixture of French language French and Moroccan Arabic is used in business. It is within the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum . Overview File Arab World Large.PNG thumb left An overview of the different Arabic dialects Native speakers typically consider Moroccan Arabic a dialect because it is not a literary language and because it lacks prestige compared to Standard Arabic unicode fu a . It differs from Standard Arabic in phonology, lexicon, and syntax ... language French and Spanish language Spanish . Moroccan Arabic continues to evolve by integrating ... ones with Standard Arabic words within some circles. Darija which means dialect can be divided into two ... by older and more conservative people. It is an Arabic dialect with Berber influences that can ... of the cities. A similar phenomenon can be observed in Algerian Arabic and Tunisian Arabic . Relationship with other languages Moroccan Arabic has a distinct pronunciation and is nearly unintelligible to other Arabic speakers, but is generally Mutually intelligible languages mutually intelligible with other Maghrebi Arabic dialects with which it forms a dialect continuum . It is grammatically simpler, and has a less voluminous vocabulary than Classical Arabic. It has also integrated many Berber ... clear cut division between Moroccan Arabic and Standard Arabic, and most uneducated Moroccans do not understand Modern Standard Arabic. Depending on cultural background and degree of literacy, those ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2011 Infobox language name Gulf Arabic states Kuwait , Saudi Arabia , Bahrain , Qatar , United Arab Emirates UAE & Oman . familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Southern script Arabic alphabet iso3 afb Gulf Arabic also known as Khaliji, al lahja al khalijiya is a Varieties of Arabic variety of the Arabic language spoken around the shore of the Persian Gulf such as in Kuwaiti Arabic Kuwait , Saudi Arabia , Bahrani Arabic Bahrain , Qatar , the United Arab Emirates and Omani Arabic Oman . Some notable characteristics that set it apart from other Arabian dialects are the presence of Persian language Persian loanword s and a pronunciation of k as ch kalb dog, read as chalb q as g daqiqa minute, read as dagiga and, in some instances, the pronunciation j as y jeeb bring masc , read as yeeb . References reflist See also Varieties of ArabicArabic language Varieties of Arabic Category Persian Gulf Category Languages of Iraq Category Languages of Kuwait Category Languages of Saudi Arabia Category Languages of Bahrain Category Languages of Qatar Category Languages of the United Arab Emirates Category Languages of Oman Category Central Semitic languages Category Arabic languages language stub ar br Arabeg ar Pleg mor es rabe del Golfo fa fr Arabe du Golfe hr Zaljevski arapski mk pl J zyk arabski rejonu Zatoki Perskiej sco Gulf Arabic ta th ... more details
Infobox language name Algerian Saharan Arabic states Algeria , Niger region southern speakers 110,000 date 1996 ethnicity familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Maghrebi Arabic Maghrebi iso3 aao Algerian Saharan Arabic also known as Saharan Arabic, Tamanrasset Arabic, Tamanghasset Arabic is a structurally distinct Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic language Arabic spoken by an estimated 100,000 people in Algeria, predominantly along the Moroccan border with the Atlas mountains range. It is also spoken by about 10,000 people in neighbouring Niger . ref cite book editor first Raymond G., Jr. editor last Gordon year 2005 title Ethnologue Languages of the World edition 15th location Dallas publisher Summer Institute of Linguistics isbn 155671159X page page needed date March 2011 nopp yes use of nopp yes prevents cite book from displaying a p. ref Notes Reflist External links http multitree.org codes aao Report on Saharan Arabic from the MultiTree Project http llmap.org languages aao.html Report on Saharan Arabic from the LL Map Proect References Ethnologue aao Algerian Saharan Arabic Varieties of Arabic Category Central Semitic languages Category Languages of Algeria Category Languages of Niger AfroAsiatic lang stub Algeria stub Niger stub es rabe sahariano fr Arabe saharien hr Saharski arapski mk ... more details
Incubator code aec Infobox language name Sa idi Arabic states Egypt speakers 18,900,000 familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Central script Arabic alphabet iso3 aec notice IPA Sa idi Arabic lang aec , small locally small IPA arz s i di , IPA arz s e i di lang also known as Saidi Arabic ref http www.sil.org iso639 3 documentation.asp?id aec ISO 639 3 spelling ref is the variety of Arabic language Arabic spoken by Sa idi s south of Cairo , Egypt to the border of Sudan . ref Versteegh, p. 163 ref It shares linguistic features both with Egyptian Arabic , as well as Sudanese Arabic . Dialects include Middle and Upper Egyptian Arabic. Speakers of Egyptian Arabic do not always understand more conservative varieties of Sa idi Arabic. ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Sa idi Arabic carries little prestige nationally though it continues to be widely spoken, including in the north by rural migrants who have partially adapted to Egyptian Arabic . For example, the Sa idi genitive exponent is usually replaced with Egyptian unicode bit , but the realization of IPAslink q as IPAblink is retained normally realized in Egyptian Arabic as IPAblink . Second and third generation Sa idi migrants are monolingual in Egyptian Arabic, but maintain cultural and family ties to the south. Sa idi consonants Sa idi Arabic has these consonants ref Khalafallah 1969 ref class wikitable style text align ... Ethnologue entry for Sa idi Arabic Khalafallah, Abdelghany A. 1969. A Descriptive Grammar of Sa i di Egyptian Colloquial Arabic . Janua Linguarum, Series Practica 32. The Hague Mouton. cite book last Versteegh first Kees title The Arabic Language publisher Edinburgh University Press location Edinburgh year 2001 isbn 0748614362 External links Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category ... more details
Punctuation marks & x066D For stars with Arabic names, see List of Arabic star names . The Arabic star is a punctuation mark developed to be distinct from the asterisk . The asterisk had existed in feudal times , and the original shape of the asterisk was six pointed, each point like a teardrop coming from the center. However, some typewriter s had difficulty printing the six arms distinctly. The Arabic star is given a distinct character in Unicode , unichar 066D Arabic five pointed star note noted Appearance rather variable html , in the range Arabic alphabet Arabic punctuation . ref http www.unicode.org charts PDF U0600.pdf Chart U 0600 Arabic ref Variants In many modern fonts, however, the asterisk is five pointed, and the Arabic star is sometimes six or eight pointed. The two symbols are compared below the display depends on your browser s font . class wikitable style text align center Asterisk Full width Asterisk Arabic star five pointed star six pointed star eight pointed star style font size 6em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode style font size 6em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode style font size 6em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode style font size 4em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode style font size 6em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode style font size 6em padding 15pt padding top 30pt class Unicode Unicode In Unicode, Arabic and similar stars are encoded at unichar 066D arabic five pointed star html unichar 06de ARABIC START OF RUB EL HIZB html See also Star glyph References reflist External links http en.wikibooks.org wiki Windows Programming Unicode Character reference 0000 0FFF Windows Programming Unicode Character reference 0000 0FFF Category Arabic punctuations and symbols typ stub de Arabischer Stern ... more details
Refimprove date January 2011 Infobox language name Siculo Arabic extinct by 1300 states Emirate of Sicily familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Maghrebi Arabic script Arabic alphabet iso3 sqr Siculo Arabic or Sicilian Arabic was a Varieties of Arabic variety of Arabic spoken in Sicily and Malta between ... zone even after the fall of Taormina in 902 which completed the invasion. By that time, Arabic ... of Muslims and Greek speaking Orthodox Christians Clarify date January 2011 continued to use Arabic ... 2011 In the post conquest period, both Arabic and Greek were sometimes used by the new rulers. However, Arabic was dropped as a language of government between 1117 and 1132. Clarify date December ... office operated in Arabic, Citation needed date January 2011 Greek and Latin. The many documents that it issued are one of the main and most important sources for Arabic in Sicily. Although the Norman rulers employed Arabic and some were attested as Arabic speakers themselves, after only a century ... of Arabic on other languages Arabic influence is present in a small number of Sicilian language ... relate to agriculture and related activities. Maltese language Although Siculo Arabic died out in Sicily ... Some items of Siculo Arabic vocabulary are comparable with later items found in Maltese language . These include class wikitable Maltese Siculo Arabic English language English Bebbuxu Babbaluciu Snail ... 1996 title Siculo Arabic publisher Kegan Paul International location London isbn 0710304978 cite book first Alex last Metcalfe year 2003 title Muslims and Christian in Norman Sicily. Arabic speakers ... Jeremy last Johns year 2002 title Arabic Administration in Norman Sicily. The Royal Diwan publisher ... Spoke Siculo Arabic? XII Incontro Italiano di Linguistica Camitio semitica Afroasiatica ATTI a cura di Marco Moriggi Rubbettino 2007 Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Extinct ... more details
Infobox Language name Iraqi Arabic nativename Ir q pronunciation IPA ar r ki familycolor ... fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Mesopotamian Arabic dia1 Baghdad Arabic Baghdadi dia2 Khuzestani Arabic Khuzestani dia3 North Mesopotamian Arabic Maslawi script Arabic alphabet nation agency iso3 acm notice IPA Iraqi Arabic also called Mesopotamian Arabic is a continuum of mutually intelligible Arabic Varieties of Arabic varieties native to the Mesopotamia ... www.ethnologue.org show language.asp?code acm Arabic, Mesopotamian Ethnologue ref western Iran , ref name E1 southeastern Turkey , ref name E2 http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code ayp Arabic ... Arabic has two major varieties. A distinction is recognised between Mesopotamian Gelet Arabic and Mesopotamian Qeltu Arabic, the appellations deriving from the form of the word for I said . ref cite book last Mitchell first T. F. authorlink Terence Frederick Mitchell title Pronouncing Arabic, Volume ... Gelet group includes a Tigris dialect cluster, of which the best known form is Baghdad Arabic Baghdadi Arabic , and a Euphrates dialect cluster, known as Furati Euphrates Arabic . The Gelet variety ... the north Tigris dialect cluster, also known as North Mesopotamian Arabic or Maslawi Mosul Arabic , as well as both Judeo Iraqi Arabic Jewish and Christian sectarian dialects such as Baghdad Arabic Jewish Baghdad Jewish Arabic . Due to Iraq s inherent multiculturalism as well as history, Iraqi Arabic ... Both the Gelet and the Qeltu varieties of Iraqi Arabic are spoken in Syria , ref name E1 ... River Upper Khabur area and across the border in Turkey . ref name E2 Cypriot Maronite Arabic Cypriot Arabic shares a large number of common features with Mesopotamian Arabic ref cite book last Versteegh first Kees title The Arabic Language year 2001 publisher Edinburgh University Press isbn ... area. ref name OUP cite book last Owens first Jonathan title A Linguistic History of Arabic ... more details
Infobox language name Najdi Arabic states Saudi Arabia , Jordan , Iraq , Syria speakers 9,863,520 familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic languages Arabic fam5 Southern script Arabic alphabet iso3 ars Najdi Arabic lang ar is a Varieties of Arabic variety of the Arabic language spoken in the desert and oases of central Saudi Arabia . There are four major groups of Najdi Arabic. 1. Northern Najdi, spoken in Zulfi , Al Qassim Province Qaseem and Jabal Shammar regions of Najd. 2. Central Najdi Urban Najdi , spoken in the city of Riyadh and surrounding towns and farming communities. 3. Southern Najdi, spoken in the city of Kharj and surrounding towns. 4. Badawi Najdi, spoken by the nomadic tribes of Najd. Some tribes have their own distinct accents. Badawi Najdi is also spoken in neighboring Jordan , Syria , and Iraq . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code ars Ethnologue entry for Najdi Arabic P.F. Abboud. 1964. The Syntax of Najdi Arabic, University of Texas PhD dissertation. External links ethnologue ars http www.rosettaproject.org archive ars Entry for Najdi Arabic at Rosetta Project Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Saudi Arabia Category Languages of Jordan Category Languages of Iraq Category Languages of Syria AfroAsiatic lang stub Saudi Arabia stub ar br Arabeg nadjiek hr Najdi arapski mk arz th ... more details
Arabic Braille is a unified international braille code for the Arabic alphabet . As a part of the unified braille, Arabic braille assignments generally correspond to the same romanization of Arabic romanization ... English braille. It is the standard for braille encoding of Arabic in at least Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and Syria, and presumably in most other Arabic speaking countries as of 1990, Algerian braille is distinct and unrelated. Other Arabic based alphabets , such as Bharati braille Urdu and Persian braille Farsi , are similar to Arabic braille but differ in some letter ... images 0008 000872 087242eb.pdf publisher UNESCO accessdate 2012 04 27 ref Arabic braille chart Letters class wikitable style text align center Arabic font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font Braille Braille Cell 1 Braille Cell ... Arabic font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script Arabic font font size 5 style line height 115 script ... more details
Infobox Language name Shirvani Arabic nativename states Azerbaijan , br Dagestan Russia region Caucasus extinct Second half of the 19th century familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 Central Semitic languages Central Semitic fam4 Arabic language Arabic iso3 none Shirvani Arabic was a dialect of Arabic language Arabic that was once spoken in what is now central and northwestern Azerbaijan historically known as Shirvan and Dagestan southern Russia . History Arabic had been spoken in the region since the Muslim conquests Muslim conquest of the South Caucasus at the beginning of the 8th century. It was brought there by Arab settlers consisting mostly of military staff, merchants and craftsmen from Iraq and Syria , and was used as an official language. It experienced decline after the weakening of the Abbasid Caliphate Caliphate in the 13th century and was gradually replaced by Persian language Persian Tat language Azerbaijan Tat and Azerbaijani language Azeri . Groups of Arabs mostly from Yemen continued to immigrate to southern Dagestan influencing the culture and literary traditions of the local population who had already become Islamization Islamized . ref http ... Anna Zelkina. The Arabic Linguistic and Cultural Tradition in Dagestan an Historical Overview . Arabic as a Minority Language by Jonathan Owens ed. . Walter de Gruyter Publ. Berlin 2000. ISBN 3110165783 ref The latest documentation of the existence of Shirvani Arabic is attributed to the Azeri ... a group of Shirvan Arabs speaks an altered version of Arabic. ref http www.vostlit.info Texts ... . Baku 1991, p. 21 ref Arabic continued to be spoken in Dagestan until the 1920s mostly by upper ... Khuzestani Arabic Central Asian Arabic References Reflist Varieties of Arabic Category Arabic languages Category Languages of Azerbaijan Category Extinct languages of Europe Arabic Category Extinct languages of Asia Arabic AfroAsiatic lang stub Azerbaijan stub hu Sirv ni arab nyelv mk ... more details
Infobox language name Juba Arabic nativename Arabi Juba states South Sudan speakers 20,000 date 1987 speakers2 44,000 second language L2 speakers familycolor Creole fam1 Arabic based creole languages Arabic based creole iso3 pga Juba Arabic is a lingua franca spoken mainly in Equatoria Province in South ... speak Juba Arabic, tending towards the use of Arabic closer to Sudanese Arabic , in addition to local languages. Classification Juba derives from a pidgin based in Sudanese Arabic . It has a vastly ..., writing in the mid 1970s, classifies Juba Arabic as a pidgin rather than a creole language meaning ... Arabic was not merely Arabic spoken badly but is a distinct dialect. ref Harvcoltxt Abdel Salam & De ... have further encouraged the use of Arabic as opposed to Juba Arabic , may have changed patterns of usage and transmission of Juba Arabic since the time of the last available research. Further research is required to determine the extent to which Juba Arabic may now be considered a creole rather than ... as the new official language of government in South Sudan in preference to Arabic and local languages such as Juba Arabic, Dinka , Nuer language Nuer , Shilluk people Shilluk etc. ref Harvcoltxt ... Languages http msupress.msu.edu bookTemplate.php?bookID 2773 Juba Arabic English Dictionary Kamuus ta Arabi Juba wa Ingliizi http www.podcastdirectory.com podcasts 22354 Podcasts in Juba Arabic http www.scribd.com doc 3751607 Juba Arabic Verbs and Phrases Bibliography Citation last DeCamp first ... 1979 title Linguistic Variation and Change in the Aspectual System of Juba Arabic place Washington, D.C publisher Georgetown University Press Citation last Mahmud first Ashari Ahmed year 1983 title Arabic ... Mauro year 1995 title A pidgin verbal system the case of Juba Arabic journal Anthropological linguistics volume 37 issue 4 pages 423 459 Other Readings it Manfredi, Stefano Juba Arabic A Grammatical Description of Juba Arabic with Sociolinguistic notes about the Sudanese community in Cairo , Universit ... more details
for the Arabic script as used to write the Arabic language Arabic alphabet Infobox writing system name Arabic type Abjad typedesc originally languages Arabic language Arabic , Persian language Persian ... Arab sample Arabic albayancalligraphy.svg imagesize 200px The Arabic script is a writing system used for writing several languages of Asia and Africa, such as Arabic language Arabic , Persian language .... ref cite web url http www.britannica.com eb article 9008156 Arabic alphabet title Arabic Alphabet accessdate 2007 11 23 publisher Encyclopaedia Britannica online ref The Arabic script is written from right to left in a cursive style. In most cases the letters transcribe consonants, so most Arabic alphabets are classified as abjad s. The script was first used to write texts in Arabic, most notably ... section sectionlink Languages written with the Arabic script below. It is also the basis for a rich tradition of Arabic calligraphy . The Arabic script has the ISO 15924 codes Arab and 160 . Languages written with the Arabic script File Flicker Arabic Alphabet.jpg thumb right 300px Basic Arabic ... 400px margin 0 0 1em 1em style background 0a0 colspan 3 style text align center Worldwide use of the Arabic script colspan 3 Image Arabic alphabet world distribution.PNG center 400px Arabic alphabet world distribution. colspan 3 Countries where the Arabic script style width 10px height 10px background ... level China, India or is a recognized alternative orthography Malaysia The Arabic script has been adopted for use in a wide variety of languages besides Arabic, including Persian language Persian ... in Arabic phonology . For example, the Arabic language lacks a voiceless bilabial plosive the IPA ... n and Turkic languages written in Arabic script tend to use the Persian alphabet Persian modified ... Jawi . The modified version of the Arabic script originally devised for use with Persian is known as the Persian alphabet Perso Arabic script by scholars. In the case of Kurdish language Kurdish ... more details
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