SI NIST Chemistry WebBook Anthracene ref Name Anthracene ImageFile Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageFile Anthracene 2D Skeletal.png ImageName Anthracene ImageFile1 Anthracene 3D balls.png ImageName1 Anthracene 3D IUPACName Anthracene Section1 Chembox Identifiers UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII ... Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar . Anthracene is used in the Economic production production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue 400 500 nm peak fluorescence under ultraviolet light. In 2010, a strong absorption band of anthracene was observed along ... anthracene toward the Perseus anomalous microwave emission region month May year 2010 bibcode 2010MNRAS.407.2157I doi 10.1111 j.1365 2966.2010.17075.x arxiv 1005.4388 ref Production Commercial anthracene ... method for the preparation of anthracene is by cyclodehydration of o methyl or o methylene substituted diarylketones in the so called Elbs reaction . Reactions Anthracene photochemistry photodimerize s by the action of ultra violet UV light Image Anthracene Photodimerisation.svg Anthracene dimer ... 4 cycloaddition . The dimer reverts to anthracene thermally or with ultra violet UV irradiation below ... of potential applications. Substituted anthracene derivatives behave similarly. The reaction is affected by the presence of oxygen . In general, reduction of anthracene yields 9,10 dihydroanthracene ... of Anthracene by Hydrogen Peroxide in the Presence of VO acac 2 Kimberly D. M. Charleton, Ernest ... Anthraquinone acsv.svg 120px none Anthraquione Uses Anthracene is converted mainly to anthroquinone , a precursor to dyes. ref Gerd Collin, Hartmut H ke and J rg Talbiersky Anthracene in Ullmann s Encyclopedia ... Anthracene is an organic semiconductor . It is used as a scintillator for detectors of high energy photon s, electron s and alpha particle s. Plastics, such as polyvinyltoluene , can be doped with anthracene ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Benz a anthracene correct title reason bracket Benz a anthracene Chembox verifiedrevid 396296498 Name Benzo a anthracene ImageFile Benzanthracene.png ImageSize 200px ImageFile1 Benzanthracene 3D balls.png IUPACName benz a anthracene OtherNames Benzanthracene Benzanthrene 1,2 Benzanthracene Benzo b phenanthrene Tetraphene Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChEBI 51348 PubChem 5954 InChI 1 C18H12 c1 2 7 15 12 18 16 11 14 15 6 1 10 9 13 5 3 4 8 17 13 18 h1 12H InChIKey DXBHBZVCASKNBY UHFFFAOYAM StdInChI 1S C18H12 c1 2 7 15 12 18 16 11 14 15 6 1 10 9 13 5 3 4 8 17 13 18 h1 12H StdInChIKey DXBHBZVCASKNBY UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 56 55 3 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 5739 UNII C5PLF6152K SMILES c1ccc2c c1 ccc3c2cc4ccccc4c3 MeSHName KEGG C14317 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 18 sub H sub 12 sub MolarMass 228.2879 Appearance solid Density 1.19 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtC 158 BoilingPtC 438 Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards meltingpoint 54 FlashPt 209.1 C Benz a anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C sub 18 sub H sub 12 sub . See also Tetracene , also known as benzo b anthracene PAHs hydrocarbon stub Category Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Category IARC Group 2A carcinogens ar fa fr Benzanthrac ne nl Benzo a anthraceen th ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Dibenz a , h anthracene correct title reason bracket Dibenz a , h anthracene Chembox Name Dibenz a , h anthracene ImageFile Dibenz a h anthracene.png IUPACName OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers InChIKey StdInChIKey ChemSpiderID 5678 InChI InChI 1 C22H14 c1 3 7 19 15 5 1 9 11 17 14 22 18 13 21 17 19 12 10 16 6 2 4 8 20 16 22 h1 14H StdInChI SMILES c1ccc2c c1 ccc3c2cc4ccc5ccccc5c4c3 MeSHName Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 22 sub H sub 14 sub MolarMass 278.3466 Appearance Density 1.232 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt 262 C BoilingPt Section3 Chembox Hazards FlashPt Dibenz a , h anthracene is an organic Chemical compound compound with the chemical formula C sub 22 sub H sub 14 sub . PAHs Category Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons hydrocarbon stub fa ... more details
by substituting the anthracene core by halogen s or alkyl s. 2 ethyl and 1,2 dimethyl substituted BPEAs are also in use. 1 chloro 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene emits yellow green light, used in 30 minute high intensity Cyalume sticks 2 chloro 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene emits green ... BPEAs DEFAULTSORT Bis phenylethynyl anthracene, 9,10 Category Fluorescent dyes Category Organic semiconductors ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 18 sub H sub 12 sub The molecular formula C sub 18 sub H sub 12 sub may refer to Benz a anthracene Benz a anthracene Benzo c phenanthrene Benzo c phenanthrene Chrysene Tetracene Triphenylene MolFormDisambig fr C18H12 it C18H12 ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 30 sub H sub 17 sub Cl The molecular formula C sub 30 sub H sub 17 sub Cl molar mass 412.91 g mol may refer to 1 Chloro 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene , a fluorescent dye 2 Chloro 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene , a fluorescent dye MolFormDisambig ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 14 sub H sub 10 sub The molecular formula C sub 14 sub H sub 10 sub may refer to Anthracene Diphenylacetylene Phenanthrene Molecular formula disambiguation fr C14H10 sr C14H10 ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 30 sub H sub 18 sub The molecular formula C sub 30 sub H sub 18 sub may refer to 9,10 Bis phenylethynyl anthracene Heptacene MolFormDisambig ... more details
Chembox ImageFile TCPO.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName Bis 2,4,6 trichlorophenyl oxalate OtherNames Bis 2,4,6 trichlorophenyl ethanedioate Oxalic acid, bis 2,4,6 trichlorophenyl ester Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 1165 91 9 PubChem 160567 ChemSpiderID 141097 SMILES O C C OC1 C Cl C C Cl C C1Cl O OC2 C Cl C C Cl C C2Cl InChI InChI 1 C14H4Cl6O4 c15 5 1 7 17 11 8 18 2 5 23 13 21 14 22 24 12 9 19 3 6 16 4 10 12 20 h1 4H Section2 Chembox Properties C 14 H 4 Cl 6 O 4 Appearance White crystalline powder Density 1.698 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtCL 188 MeltingPtCL 192 BoilingPtC 500.9 Solubility 0.01962 mg L Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt convert 190.6 C F Autoignition TCPO , or bis 2,4,6 trichlorophenyl oxalate, is the main chemical in glow stick s. Uses TCPO is one of the major ingredients in glow stick glow sticks . When combined with a fluorescent dye like 9,10 Bis phenylethynyl anthracene 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene , a solvent such as diethyl phthalate , and a weak base usually sodium acetate or sodium salicylate , and hydrogen peroxide , the mixture will start a chemiluminescence chemiluminescent reaction to glow a fluorescent green color. ref http sites.google.com site nurdrage chemistry experiments how to make a glow stick with real chemicals How to Make a Glow Stick with Real Chemicals ref Red, yellow and blue colors can be made by replacing the 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene with Rhodamine B, Rubrene and 9,10 diphenylanthracene respectively. In a glowstick a Fluorophore fluorescent dye converts much of the light energy produced into the visible spectrum producing a brighter glow. Preparation TCPO can be prepared from a solution of 2,4,6 Trichlorophenol 2,4,6 trichlorophenol in a solution of dry toluene by reaction with oxalyl chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine . This method produces crude TCPO with a by product of triethylamine hydrochloride. References reflist Category Organochlorides Category Oxalates fa f ... more details
orphan date January 2010 bots deny AWB Unreferenced date January 2010 Benzo might also refer to Benzodiazepine In organic chemistry the addition of the prefix benzo to the name of a chemical compound indicates the addition of an even number of carbon atoms to an unsaturated compound unsaturated or already aromatic compound by which a new aromatic ring is formed. Between the prefix benzo and the name of the parent compound then place of the addition of the extra carbon atoms is indicated by letters written between square brackets. ref In the names of pages in the Wikipedia curved brackets are used, as square brackets lead to malfunctioning in links to those pages. ref Quite often the number of added carbon atoms is four, although sometimes two else will do the job as shown in the following table. The first entry also shows different routes to the name of the same molecule. Examples class wikitable width 100 style width 10 Parent compound style width 20 Structural formula of parent compound style width 15 Letters and numbers in the parent compound style width 20 Structural formula of the benzo compound style width 35 Benzo compound valign center align center Anthracene File Anthracen.svg 200px File Benzanthracene.png 200px valign center align center Benzo a anthracene Benzo a anthracene by adding four extra carbon atoms to the parent compound, the leftmost upper ring is formed. valign center align center Phenanthrene File Phenanthrene.svg 200px File Benzanthracene.png 200px valign center align center Benzo b fenanthrene by adding four carbon atoms to the parent compound the right most ring is formed. Clearly this compound is identical to the compound above. As benzoant.. alphabetizes before benzophe.. like numbers place letters first are omitted while indexing compounds, later on they are added again if necessary the proper name for this compound is Benzo a anthracene . valign center align center Pyrene File Pyrene.svg 200px File Pyrene numbered.png 150px File Benzo a ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2009 Carbolineum is an oily, water insoluble, flammable, dark brown mixture from coal tar components, smelling of tar. It contains among other things anthracene and phenol . Because of its rot resisting and disinfecting effect, Carbolineum was used over many years for the preservation of wooden structures such as railroad ties , telephone poles , Log cabin cabin s, etc . More recently, its use has been limited and or forbidden by the introduction of stricter environmental regulations. See also Creosote Category Coal de Carbolineum nl Carbolineum ... more details
Polyvinyltoluene PVT , polyvinyl toluene is a synthetic polymer . PVT can be doped with anthracene to produce a plastic scintillator . When subjected to ionizing radiation both particle radiation and gamma radiation , the amount of visible radiation emitted is proportional to the absorbed dose. PVT can be damaged by radiation with high stopping power, e.g. ion beam s. Such radiation breaks the C H covalent bond bonds and significantly reduces the luminescence yield. ref http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6TVT 44HY3MP H& user 10& coverDate 01 2F31 2F2002& rdoc 1& fmt & orig search& sort d&view c& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 615b0838aa3371ad9a8045ac6b09f826 ref References reflist polymer stub Category Vinyl polymers Category Phosphors and scintillators ... more details
Karl Elbs , 13 September 1858 in Alt Breisach , Baden , Germany 24 August 1933 was a German chemist. He is credited with developing the Elbs reaction for the synthesis of anthracene . He is also responsible for the Elbs persulfate oxidation . References E. J. Behrman, Bull. Hist. Chem., 30, 19 22 2005 . Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Elbs, Karl ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 13 September 1858 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1933 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Elbs, Karl Category 1858 births Category 1933 deaths Category German chemists Germany chemist stub de Karl Elbs ... more details
of anthracene bromoanthracene followed by elimination reaction elimination of hydrogen bromide ... via the Double Diels Alder Cycloaddition of syn 4,5,13,14 Bis dehydro octafluoroparacyclophane to Anthracene ... cyclophane 3.1 and anthracene 3.3 by reaction in presence of potassium tert butoxide in reflux ing dibutyl ... to an epoxide when left standing as a chloroform solution. Image Cyclophane anthracene adduct.png center 500px Fig. 3 Cyclophane anthracene adduct In one study, ref Evidence for the Formation ... more details
Registry ATSDR ref http www.atsdr.cdc.gov ATSDR ref acenaphthene acenaphthylene anthracene benz a anthracene benz a anthracene benzo a pyrene benzo a pyrene benzo e pyrene benzo e pyrene benzo ... j fluoranthene benzo k fluoranthene benzo k fluoranthene chrysene coronene dibenz a,h anthracene ... has classified seven PAH compounds as probable human carcinogens benz a anthracene benz a anthracene ... benzo k fluoranthene , chrysene , dibenz a,h anthracene , and indeno 1,2,3 cd pyrene . PAHs known for their carcinogen ic, mutagen ic and teratogen ic properties are benzo a anthracene benz a anthracene ... benzo ghi perylene , coronene , dibenz a,h anthracene chem C 20 H 14 , indeno 1,2,3 cd pyrene chem ... Moss, IUPAC nomenclature for fused ring systems , are phenanthrene and anthracene , which both contain ... Chemical compound Chemical compound Anthracene Image Anthracene.svg 85px Benzo a pyrene Benzo a pyrene ... , acenaphthylene , acenaphthene , fluorene , phenanthrene , anthracene , fluoranthene , pyrene , benzo a anthracene benzo a anthracene , chrysene , benzo b fluoranthene benzo b fluoranthene , benzo k fluoranthene benzo k flouranthene , benzo a pyrene benzo a pyrene , dibenz ah anthracene ... ref align center class wikitable File Phenanthrene Clar rule.svg 200px Phenanthrene File Anthracene Clar rule.svg 180px Anthracene File Chrysene Clar rule.svg 200px Chrysene File Clar rule.svg 200px Clar rule Phenanthrene 1 Anthracene 2 Chrysene 3 Clar rule For example, in phenanthrene 1 one Clar ... aromatic and therefore more reactive. In contrast, in anthracene 2 the number of sextets is just ... nm, while anthracene has highest wavelength bands around 380 nm. Three Clar structures with two ... ultraviolet light emitted by the Red Rectangle nebula and found the spectral signatures of anthracene ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 447061584 ImageFile Phenyl oxalate ester.png ImageSize 220 ImageName Skeletal formula ImageFile1 Diphenyl oxalate 3D balls.png ImageSize1 220 ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName diphenyl oxalate OtherNames diphenylethandioate, oxalic acid diphenyl ester, cyalume, DPO Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 3155 16 6 PubChem 18475 SMILES O C Oc1ccccc1 C O Oc2ccccc2 ChemSpiderID 17449 InChI 1 C14H10O4 c15 13 17 11 7 3 1 4 8 11 14 16 18 12 9 5 2 6 10 12 h1 10H InChIKey ULOZDEVJRTYKFE UHFFFAOYAB StdInChI 1S C14H10O4 c15 13 17 11 7 3 1 4 8 11 14 16 18 12 9 5 2 6 10 12 h1 10H StdInChIKey ULOZDEVJRTYKFE UHFFFAOYSA N Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 14 sub H sub 10 sub O sub 4 sub MolarMass 242.227 g mol Appearance solid Density MeltingPtC 136 BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Diphenyl oxalate trademark name Cyalume is a solid ester whose oxidation products are responsible for the chemiluminescence in a glowstick . It can be synthesized by fully esterifying phenol with oxalic acid . The reaction with hydrogen peroxide that diphenyl oxalate undergoes to produce a photon of light is shown below Image Cyalume reactions.svg 500px The reaction rate is pH dependent, and slightly alkaline conditions achieved by adding a weak base, e.g., sodium salicylate , will produce brighter light. The 2,4,6 trichlorophenol ester of oxalic acid is a solid and thus easier to handle. Furthermore, since trichlorophenolate is the better leaving group, the reaction will proceed faster, again producing brighter light, as compared to the phenol ester. The following colors can be produced by using different dyes class wikitable Color Compound Blue 9,10 Diphenylanthracene Green 9,10 Bis phenylethynyl anthracene Yellow green Tetracene Yellow 1 Chloro 9,10 bis phenylethynyl anthracene Orange 5,12 Bis phenylethynyl naphthacene , Rubrene , Rhodamine 6G Red Rhodamine B References Reflist refbegin Category Oxalates fa ... more details
The Vilsmeier Haack reaction also called the Vilsmeier reaction is the chemical reaction of a substituted amide 1 with phosphorus oxychloride and an activating group electron rich arene 3 to produce an aryl aldehyde or ketone 5 . The reaction is named after Anton Vilsmeier and Albrecht Haack . ref Anton Vilsmeier Haack, A. Chemische Berichte Ber. 1927 , 60 , 119. ref ref Meth Cohn, O. Stanforth, S. P. Comp. Org. Syn. 1991 , 2 , 777 794. Review ref ref Formylation of dimethylaniline . Campaigne, E. Archer, W. L. Org. Syn. , Coll. Vol. 4, p.331 1963 Vol. 33, p.27 1953 . http www.orgsyn.org orgsyn prep.asp?prep cv4p0331 Article ref The reaction of a substituted amide with phosphorus oxychloride gives a substituted chloroiminium ion 2 , also called the Vilsmeier reagent . The initial product is an iminium ion 4b , which is hydrolyze d to the corresponding aromatic ketone or aldehyde during workup chemistry workup . Image Vilsmeier Haack Reaction Scheme.png center 650px The Vilsmeier Haack reaction For example, benzanilide and dimethylaniline react with phosphorus oxychloride to produce an unsymmetrical diaryl ketone. ref Vilsmeyer Haack reaction of benzanilide and dimethylaniline . Hurd, C. D. Webb. C. N. Org. Syn. , Coll. Vol. 1, p.217 1941 Vol. 7, p.24 1927 . http www.orgsyn.org orgsyn prep.asp?prep cv1p0217 Article ref Similarly, anthracene can be formylated exclusively at the 9 position. ref Formylation of anthracene . Fieser, F. L. Hartwell, J. L. Jones, J. E. Wood, J. H. Bost, R. W. Org. Syn. , Coll. Vol. 3, p.98 1955 Vol. 20, p.11 1940 . http www.orgsyn.org orgsyn prep.asp?prep cv3p0098 Article ref The reaction of anthracene with n methylformanilide, also using phosphorus oxychloride, is shown below Image Vilsmeier reaction example2.svg 650px center N methylformanilide and anthracene and phosphorus oxychloride Reaction mechanism The reaction of the amide with phosphorus oxychloride produces an electrophile electrophilic iminium cation . The subsequent electrophil ... more details
Substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances in this list have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC as Group 2A The agent mixture is probably carcinogen ic to human s. The exposure circumstance entails Toxicity exposure s that are probably carcinogenic to humans. This category is used when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. In some cases, an agent mixture may be classified in this category when there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence that the carcinogenesis is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans. Exceptionally, an agent, mixture or exposure circumstance may be classified in this category solely on the basis of limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Further details can be found in the http monographs.iarc.fr ENG Classification crthgr02a.php IARC Monographs . Agents and groups of agents Acrylamide Adriamycin Anabolic steroid Androgenic anabolic steroids Azacitidine Benz a anthracene Benz a anthracene BCNU Bischloroethyl nitrosourea Captafol Chloramphenicol Chlorinated toluenes benzal chloride , benzotrichloride , benzyl chloride and benzoyl chloride combined exposures Lomustine CCNU 1 2 Chloroethyl 3 cyclohexyl 1 nitrosourea 4 Chloro ortho toluidine Chlorozotocin Cisplatin Cyclopenta cd pyrene Clonorchis sinensis infection with Dibenzanthracene Dibenz a,h anthracene Dibenzo a,l pyrene Diethyl sulfate Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine Dimethyl sulfate Epichlorohydrin Ethylene dibromide Ethyl carbamate urethane N Ethyl N nitrosourea Etoposide Glycidol Indium phosphide 2 Amino 3 methylimidazo 4,5 f quinoline IQ Inorganic compounds by element Lead .28Plumbum.29 Lead compounds , inorganic Rhadinovirus Kaposi s sarcoma herpesvirus human herpesvirus 8 5 Methoxypsoralen Methyl methanesulfonate MNNG N Methyl ... more details
Solar chemical refers to a number of possible processes that harness solar energy by absorbing sunlight in a Photoelectrochemical cell chemical reaction in a way similar to photosynthesis in plants but without using living organisms. It is also called artificial photosynthesis . ref Magnuson A et al. Biomimetic and Microbial Approaches to Solar Fuel Generation. Accounts of Chemical Research 2009 42 12 1899 1908 ref No practical process has yet emerged. A promising approach is to use focused sunlight to provide the energy needed to split water into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a metallic catalyst such as zinc . This is normally done in a two step process so that hydrogen and oxygen are not produced in the same chamber leading to potentially explosive consequences. It is also possible to use solar light to drive industrial chemical reactions and applications without a requirement for fossil fuel. Sunlight energy storing chemicals Photodimerization is the light induced formation of Dimer chemistry dimer s. As early as 1909, the dimerization of anthracene into dianthracene was investigated as a means of storing solar energy. The photodimerization of the naphthalene series has also been investigated. ref cite book author Bolton, James year 1977 title Solar Power and Fuels publisher Academic Press, Inc. isbn 0121123502 , p. 235 237 ref Image Anthracene Photodimerisation.svg thumb left 320px Anthracene dimerization clear left Photoisomerization is the light induced formation of isomer s. Various ketones, azepines and norbornadiene s among other compounds have been investigated as potential energy storing isomers. ref cite book author Bolton, James year 1977 title Solar Power and Fuels publisher Academic Press, Inc. isbn 0121123502 , p. 238 240 ref The norbornadiene quadricyclane couple is of most potential interest for solar energy storage processes. The controlled release of the strain energy stored in quadricyclane about 110 k joule per mole J m ... more details
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