Sound change In phonology , apocope IPAc en icon p k p i Greek apokoptein meaning cutting off , from apo meaning away from and koptein meaning to cut is the loss of one or more sounds from the end of a word, and especially the loss of an unstressed vowel. Historical sound change In historical phonetics, the term apocope is often but not always limited to the loss of an unstressed vowel. Loss of an unstressed vowel with nasal Vulgar Latin pan em Spanish pan bread Vulgar Latin lup um French loup wolf Loss of other sounds Latin illu d Spanish ello Case marker In the Estonian language and Sami languages , apocopes help explain the forms of grammatical cases. For example, a nominative is described as having apocope of the final vowel, whereas the genitive does not. Throughout its history, however, the genitive case marker has also undergone apocope linn a city vs linna of a city , is derived from linna and linnan , respectively. In the genitive form, final n , while being deleted, blocked the loss of a . In spoken finnish language Finnish , the final vowel is sometimes omitted from case markers. Grammatical rule Some languages have apocopations internalized as mandatory forms. In Spanish language Spanish and Italian language Italian , for example, some adjective s that come before the noun lose the final vowel or syllable when they precede a noun mainly in the grammatical gender masculine Grammatical number singular form. In Spanish language Spanish some adverb s, Cardinal ... might be classed as apocope English photograph photo French sympathique s sympa meaning nice French ... links wiktionary http www.worldwidewords.org weirdwords ww apo1.htm World Wide Words Apocope Category Abbreviations Category Figures of speech Category Phonology ar an Apocope br Apokoptenn ca Ap cope cs Apokopa de Apokope et L pukadu es Ap cope fr Apocope gl Ap cope gan it Apocope kk nl Apocope nds nl Apokope ja no Apokope nn Apokope nds Apokoop pl Apokopa proces fonetyczny ... more details
Tr ndersk also tr nder dialekt , especially locally, or tr ndsk , especially in linguistic literature is the Norwegian dialects Norwegian dialect spoken in the region Tr ndelag , the district Nordm re and the municipality Bindal in Norway as well as in Frostviken in northern J mtland , Sweden , which was colonized in the 18th century by settlers from Nord Tr ndelag and transferred to Sweden as late as 1751. The dialect is among other things perhaps mostly characterized by the use of apocope , palatalization and the use of retroflex flap s thick L . Historically it also applied to contiguous regions of J mtland and H rjedalen which sometimes but rarely are referred to as st Tr ndelag by locals and Norwegians in Sweden as well. The word tr ndersk is an adjective describing a Tr nder a demonym person from Tr ndelag or anything coming from or relating to Tr ndelag including the dialect . There is no standard ortography for tr ndersk. The dialect includes several more or less distinct sub dialects. Some might consider it more accurate to describe tr ndersk as a language than as a dialect cf. Jamtlandic , but this is not common among linguists, for both linguistic and political reasons. Citation needed date October 2009 Some of the more conspicuous variations of these dialects of Norwegian, in addition to the aforementioned apocope and palatalization, are that most of the personal pronouns are pronounced differently than in Standard Norwegian, e.g. Trondheim dialect 1st person singular nominative Standard Norwegian eg Nynorsk jeg Bokm l or 2nd person plural accusative d kk or d kker , commonly spelled dokker or d kker Standard Norwegian dykk Nynorsk dere Bokm l . Variation among personal pronouns are common in most Norwegian dialects. The sub dialects of tr ndersk which are the furthest from Standard Norwegian are found in the region Innherred Citation needed date September 2009 . notably in Verdal and Skogn . Here the everyday language bears some resemblance to both S ... more details
Sound change A synalepha or synaloepha IPAc en icon s n l i f ref Greek language Greek or LSJ sunalifh , from LSJ sunalei fw together and LSJ a lei fw I anoint , smear . ablaut verb root greek ref is the coalescence linguistics merging of two syllables into one, especially when it causes two words to be pronounced as one. The original meaning in Greek is more general than modern usage, and also includes coalescence of vowels within a word. Similarly, synalepha most often refers to elision as in English contraction grammar contraction , but it can also refer to coalescence by other metaplasm s synizesis , synaeresis , or crasis . ref W. Sidney Allen , Vox Graeca , chart of Types of vowel junction , p. 98. ref Examples Spanish and Italian use synalepha very frequently in poetry. As for instance in this hendecasyllable 11 syllable line by Garcilaso de la Vega Los cabellos qu e a l or o o scurec an. The hair that endarkened the gold The words que and al form one syllable when counting them because of the synalepha. The same thing happens with ro and os , so that the line has eleven syllables syllable boundaries shown by a period .Los.ca.be.llos.qu ea .lo.r oo s.cu.re.c .an. See also Metaplasm Elision Contraction grammar Apheresis linguistics Apharesis initial Syncope phonetics Syncope medial Apocope final Crasis Synizesis merge into one syllable without change in writing Synaeresis opposite Diaeresis Notes references Category Figures of speech br Sinalefa ca Sinalefa de Synaloiphe es Sinalefa eo Sinalefo fr Synal phe it Sinalefe nl Synalephe no Synal yfe ... more details
Sannyrion Ancient Greek Greek was an Athenian Ancient Greek comedy comic poet of the late 5th century BC, and a contemporary of Diocles comic poet Diocles and Philyllius , according to the Suda . ref name ancientlibrary.com http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 3039.html Sannyrion ref He belonged to the later years of Old Comedy and the start of the Middle Comedy. ref name ancientlibrary.com He ridiculed the pronunciation of Hegelochus actor Hegelochus , the actor in Euripides Orestes play Orestes , which came out in 408 BC. In line 279 of the play, instead of after the storm I see a calm sea galen horo , Hegelochus recited after the storm I see a cat galen horo . In the nominative , calm sea is galena and cat is gale , and horoo can either be constructed with an accusative of with a dative. The accusative of gale is galen and the dative of galena is galenai , which results in galen horoo after apocope . . ref Euripidea By David Kovacs Page 49 ISBN 9004106243 ref His leaness was ridculed by Strattis in his Kinesias and Psychastae and also by Aristophanes in his Gerytades , where he and Meletus and Cinesias are chosen as ambassadors from the poets to the shades below. ref name ancientlibrary.com Curiously, Sannyrion himself ridiculed Meletus on the same ground in his Telos philosophy Tel s . Titles of Sannyrion s works Telos philosophy Tel s Finally Danae Io mythology Io Sardanapalus The title could have been mistaken by Suda reading a passage of Athenaeus strongly suggests that Suda mistaken it for the play by Strattis mentioned above, Psychastae ref name ancientlibrary.com References reflist http books.google.com books?id t3MjGHFM2fAC&pg PA81&dq galen horo&sig iIcDbhcQaO3uSaLDSUajWzbOYcU Public and Performance in the Greek Theatre by Peter D. Arnott Category Ancient Athenians Category Ancient Greek dramatists and playwrights Category 5th century BC Greek people Category 5th century BC writers C ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Infobox frazione name Pigge image skyline Trevi z27.JPG image caption Pigge region Umbria province Perugia comune Trevi elevation footnotes elevation m 297 area footnotes area total km2 population footnotes population as of 2001 population total 463 pop density footnotes latd 42 latm 51 latNS N longd 12 longm 45 longEW E coordinates type type city gentilic telephone 0742 postalcode 06039 mapx 42.85 mapy 12.75 locator position native name map website Pigge or Lapigge is a village in the Italy Italian province of Perugia in east central Umbria , stretching from the plain of the Clitunno river up the lower SW flank of Mt. Serano, at 297 m above sea level. It is a frazione of the comune of Trevi , which is 3 km NNW. Its population was 463 in 2003. History and main sights Until at least the middle of the 20th century, the town s name was regularly Lapigge , still the technically correct form but rapidly falling out by apocope of a perceived Article grammar article la the . The origin of the toponym is in fact Lapidie , from a stone bridge Latin pons lapideus which in Roman times carried the Via Flaminia over the Clitumnus river. Lapigge s oldest church is that of the former convent of S. Arcangelo, already mentioned in 1177 as a dependency of San Pietro in Bovara , but suspected by scholars to be considerably older, probably of the Lombard period. It has been much reworked over the centuries over the main altar a fresco of the Umbrian school can be seen, depicting the Madonna and Child, attributed to Bartolomeo da Miranda . In 1646, an apparition of the Virgin Mary launched the church as a Marian sanctuary the elegant Baroque belfry and the adjacent cloister date from the 17th century. The church of S. Bernardino is a small single apsed building in the Romanesque style, much reworked in the 17th and 18th centuries, with remains of a fresco of the Adoration of the Magi in Art Adoration of the Ma ... more details
File Regionr d i Nordland.svg thumb The various districts in the Nordland country. Note This map does not correspond to the traditional 5 regions of Nordland, as Helgeland here is divided in several districts legend 819FF7 Salten district Salten is a districts of Norway district in Nordland county in Norway . It includes the municipalities of Mel y , Gildesk l , Bod , Beiarn , Saltdal , Fauske , S rfold , Steigen , and Hamar y . Salten covers an area of about convert 11250 km2 and has a population 2011 of about 78,680 people. ref name snl cite web url http snl.no Salten title Salten author Store norske leksikon authorlink Store norske leksikon language Norwegian accessdate 2012 02 08 ref The district borders Helgeland in the south see Saltfjellet , Ofoten in the north, Sweden in the east, and Vestfjorden Norway Vestfjorden and Lofoten in the west. The geology in Salten is known in Norway for having the country s largest areas with marble . There are many fjord s, and mountains often reaching to the sea. Bod is the main population center of the district, while Fauske is a secondary center. Media gallery gallery File Storvika fra skaret 2009 08 18.jpg Storvika bay in Gildesk l File Skotstindan med Landego.JPG Skotstindan in Steigen File Rupsielva.jpg Rupsi river, Fauske File Landegode midnattsol.jpg Landegode island illuminated by the midnight sun in Bod gallery Dialect The dialect of Salten is well known for its large use of apocope . For instance t nkte kj p ei flaske fl te en pose me p ra vess r kk butikkan , for normal Norwegian language Norwegian jeg tenkte kj pe ei flaske fl te og en pose med p rer hvis jeg rekker butikkene . The words tenkte, kj pe, flaske, fl te, pose, p rer and rekker are pronounced with two syllable s in normal Norwegian, but with just one in some Salten dialects. Name The district is named after the Saltfjorden Old Norse Salpti , and the fjord is probably named after the famous Saltstraumen . Even though the word salt has the s ... more details
Sound change In phonetics , apheresis IPAc en icon f r s s or IPAc en f r s s lang en GB aphaeresis from Greek language Greek apo away, hairein to take is the loss of one or more sounds from the beginning of a word, especially the loss of an unstressed vowel. Apheresis as a historical sound change In historical phonetics, the term apheresis is often but not always limited to the loss of an unstressed vowel. The Oxford English Dictionary gives this particular kind of apheresis the name aphesis IPA f s s . The loss of any sound English language English k nife pronounced IPA na f Proto Norse language Proto Norse Asterisk Linguistics st randa Swedish language Swedish strand Finnish language Finnish ranta beach The loss of an unstressed vowel Koine Greek Greek episkopos Vulgar Latin e biscopu English bishop English a cute cute English E gyptian Gyptian Gypsy ref Online Etymology Dictionary, http www.etymonline.com index.php?term Gypsy Gypsy . Retrieved 2010 07 13. ref English a mend mend English e scape goat scapegoat Old French evaniss English vanish Old French estable English stable Old French estrange English strange English esquire squire Akkadian language Akkadian Ashuraya Shuraya Aphaeresis as a poetic device English it is poetic tis Aphaeresis in informal speech Spanish est Familiar Spanish e t ta is English oath God s truth Familiar Australian English exclamation strewth See also Wiktionary apheresis aphaeresis Syncope phonetics Syncope Apocope Elision List of phonetics topics References Notes reflist Bibliography Crowley, Terry. 1997 An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press. Category Figures of speech Category Phonetics ar br Apoherezenn de Aph rese eo Aferezo fr Aph r se linguistique gan ia Apherese linguistica it Aferesi jv Apherisis kk nl Eferesis ja pl Afereza j zykoznawstwo ro Aferez ru sh Afereza ... more details
Original research date November 2010 Naco fmn. naca is a pejorative word often used in Mexican Spanish to describe the bad mannered and poorly educated people of lower social classes. It is equivalent to white trash in American English and culture. While in Nahuatl language the word naka means flesh or people , the Aztecs preferred the word tlaca to refer to people and naka is almost confined to refer to meat. It is erroneous to believe that Naco and naka are related. Naco is an apocope derived from the nahuatl word nacayote , najayote or nejayote , waste water derived from corn processing nixtamal which was sarcastically compared by Aztecs to drool. Therefore, a nacayote was originally a slobbering i.e., stupid person. During the 20th century the word became shortened to naco and shifted its meaning from stupidity to ignorance. A naco is usually associated with lower socio economic classes and or the indigenous peoples indigenous , but it also includes the nouveau riche . Definition and usage The term naco is generally used to describe people, behaviors or aesthetic choices seen as unrefined or unsophisticated, often in a comic way. As a person, the naco may display a general lack of refinement by adopting the worst aspects of African American Hip Hop culture or Country Music, adopting a gangster mentality , unrefined verbal expressions or slang, peculiar accents, lack of social manners, or comically bad taste. The term is often associated to lower social classes, but it is also used as an elitist expression from the educated to describe the uneducated, and among the middle and upper classes as a synonym of bad taste. In many situations, the word may have no derogatory intention and may even demonstrate familiarity. ref EQUIS magazine. Cultura y Sociedad. Braulio Peralta ed . M xico, Ulises Ediciones, No. 1, May, 1998, pp. XVII XX. Dossier Autonom as en el mundo ref The Mexican definition of a naco may be analogous to the American modern day definition of redneck , ... more details
about the grammatical term the biological term Metaplasia Refimprove date December 2009 A metaplasm ref Greek , from mold into a different shape ref is a change in the orthography and hence phonology of a word. Originally it referred to techniques used in Greek language Ancient Greek and Latin poetry , or processes in those languages grammar . Sound change Many poetic metaplasms are useful for describing processes in the natural development of languages Epenthesis , addition of a sound to a word beginning of a word prosthesis linguistics prosthesis end paragoge Synalepha , two syllables becoming one, occurs by elision, crasis, synaeresis, or synizesis. Elision contraction grammar contraction in English language English grammar , removal of a sound beginning of a word apheresis linguistics apheresis middle syncope phonetics syncope end apocope . Crasis Ancient Greek contraction , coalescence of two vowels into a new long vowel. Synaeresis , pronunciation of two vowels as a diphthong. Opposite diaeresis , pronunciation of a diphthong as two syllabic vowels. Synizesis , pronunciation of two vowels that do not form a normal diphthong as one syllable, without change in writing. Opposite hiatus linguistics hiatus , distinct pronunciation of two adjacent vowels. metathesis linguistics Metathesis , rearranging of sounds or features of sounds, may affect vowel lengths quantitative metathesis . Rhetoric In rhetoric , metaplasm is the modification of word order for emphasis. Romance languages In the grammar of the Romance languages , metaplasm refers to the change in the grammatical gender of noun s from their original gender in Latin. En una segunda acepci n, se denomina metaplasmo al cambio de g nero y as hay metaplasmo, por ejemplo, en centinela, o puente, que son femeninos en la lengua antigua y masculinos hoy m s concretamente, se suele denominar tambi n con la palabra metaplasmo al distinto g nero de una palabra en singular y en plural lat n loc ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2008 Infobox language name Sabino nativename Aquilano, Reatino, Cicolano. states flag Italy region Lazio provinces of Rieti , Rome , Northern Abruzzo province of Aquila speakers familycolor Indo European fam2 Italic languages Italic fam3 Romance languages Romance fam4 Italo Dalmatian languages Italo Dalmatian fam5 Central Italian iso3 map Dialetti italiani centrali.jpg Sabino is a Romance languages Romance language spoken in Central Italy, exactly in an area which includes northern part of province of Aquila and the whole province of Rieti , with some linguistic islands in the province of Rome Rome s one. It is a dialect of Central Italian , the one who keeps still Late Latin vocalism, also known as archaic vocalism . It is divided in three main groups, each one representing a local form of Sabino. Aquilano also known as Cicolano Reatino Aquilano it is the most important dialect of Sabino and it is considered as the standard form. The area where it s spoken covers the largest part of Sabino s zone, in province of Rieti and in northern province of Aquila. Carseolano or Sublacense , a form of Sabino spoken in province of Rome Subiaco, Italy Subiaco and in Carsoli . Tagliacozzano , a transition form of Sabino with Southern Italian which is spoken in Tagliacozzo , Scurcola Marsicana and in upper Liri Valley. Common features Many authors consider Sabino as an independent group of Italian language distinguished from Central Italian . It is the only dialect which keeps the two affixes o and u of Late Latin , so there are words like cabaju horse , from Latin caballus , and scrio I write , from Latin scribo . In a large zone between Rieti and Aniene Valley local dialects keeps the Late Latin vocalic system words in which stressed vowels are e or o the final affix is o , in words in which stressed vowel are i or u the final affix is u riccu rich , novu new , omo man , otto eight . Apocope of infinitive affixes magn re to eat , occ de re to kill , d ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Cuca image background group or band origin Guadalajara, Jalisco Guadalajara , Mexico genre Hard rock years active 1990&mdash Present label Universal Music associated acts Forseps, Nata, Las Horas Muertas website myspace.com cucaconpelotas current members Jos Fors br Nacho Gonz lez br Galileo Ochoa br Carlos Aviles past members Alfonso Fors temporary Cuca is a Mexican Rock & Roll band from Guadalajara, Jalisco Guadalajara , Jalisco , M xico . Formed in 1989 by musician and painter Jos Fors vocals . Their first official concert according to the band was February 14, 1990. Their first album, Invasion de los bl tidos set them apart from any other Mexican rock band, since the album contained irreverent, humorous, curse word laden lyrics and aggressive sound, that at the time were not expected in Mexican music. Cuca is an apocope for cucaracha Cockroach and bl tidos means blattodea , which is the scientific name given to cockroachs. In 1999, the band split for unspecified reasons. In march 2004, they reunited for a series of concerts in La Concha Ac stica del Parque Agua Azul of Guadalajara which were edited into a new DVD titled VIVA CUCA . Members Jos Fors Vocals Jos Alberto Fors Ferro Nacho Gonz lez Drums Jes s Ignacio Gonz lez Sevilla Galileo Ochoa Guitar scar Galileo Ochoa Soto Carlos Aviles Bass Carlos Gilberto Avilez Ortega Other Members Alfonso Fors Vocals in La Racha Alfonso Fors Ferro Discography Studio albums La Invasi n de los Bl tidos 1992 Tu Cuca Madre Ataca de Nuevo 1993 La Racha 1995 El Cuarto de Cuca 1997 Con Pelotas 2006 Live albums 2004 Viva Cuca DVDs 2005 Viva Cuca DVD Compilations Silencio Muerte Red Hot Latin 1996 Rock Millenium 1999 La Buena Racha 1999 Rock en Espa ol Lo Mejor de Cuca 2001 Este es tu Rock Cuca 2006 Singles class wikitable width 50 Year Single width 50 small M xico Singles Chart M xico singles width 50 small Colombia Charts width 50 small U.S. Modern Rock Tracks Modern Rock Album align center 1992 ali ... more details
cleanup reason This article does not deal with grammar, whereas its title does date February 2011 More footnotes date February 2011 This is an article about the general grammar of the Western Lombard Western Lombard Insubric language . General characteristics of Insubric grammar The phonetical characteristics of Insubric language are the halving of consonants, the voicing of intervocalic consonants, the transformation of Latin u into Insubric y , Latin short o into , partial transformation of long o into u , the falling of final vowels except a , apocope of Latin desinence re of infinitive, desinence i for 1st person, partial falling of intervocalic d , partial transformation of a into o when followed by l and another consonant, the transformation of Latin groups pl , bl , fl , gl into pi , bi , fi , gi read dj and of group ct into c read tsh , the nasalization of vowels followed by n or its transformation into a velar nasal, the falling of final l and r when followed by a long vowel, the distinction of vowel length, the partial transformation of intervocalic l into r . Insubric is a synthetic language synthetic fusional language . The substantive nouns have two genders masculine and feminine and two numbers singular and plural masculine often ends with a consonant, while the feminine adds an a plural of both masculine and feminine is like singular masculine for different declensions, see Plural inflection in Western Lombard . The verbs have seven moods indicative, conjunctive, conditional, imperative, infinitive, gerundive, participle and six tenses present, imperfect, future, with relative composed tenses in the past, participle was not only passive but also active and there was the perfect tense there are also continuous tenses the auxiliary verb for composed tenses is often to have with transitive verbs, and often to be with intransitive verbs, when it can t be confused with a passive form. Every person of the verb has its own desinence, that sometimes varie ... more details
Estonian dialects The Northeastern coastal dialect Estonian kirderannikumurre is a dialect or dialect group of the Estonian language . The coastal dialects of the Estonian language were spoken on the coastal strip of Estonia from Tallinn to river Narva. It has very few speakers left nowadays. According to some authors, the coastal dialects form one of the three Estonian dialects dialect groups of the Estonian language the other two being North Estonian dialect group and the South Estonian dialect group ref Such a division is used in Eesti n ukogude ents klopeedia , 2. kd, as well as by Mari Must http www.galerii.ee panoraam eesti teemad idaviru keeled index.html On Eastern Viru languages et icon . Other sources may group the coastal dialects as subdivision of Northern Estonian dialects or just as one of the dialect groups of the Estonian language, without notions Northern Southern Estonian http www.eki.ee murded , http www.eki.ee murded fonoteek index.php?leht 2 ref . The specific features of the dialect group are mostly common with the Northern group of the Finnic languages . According to some authors, the Finnish language Finnish like features lack of Syncope phonetics syncope and apocope of the coastal Estonian dialects are part of ancient heritage, rather than Finnish or Ingrian influence ref as reported in e.g. http books.google.com books?id CsesLE3efLwC&pg PA207&dq Northeastern coastal Estonian dialect&ei 9qiiSYfCJoPmzATlqqTuAw&client firefox a ref . There are remnants of vowel harmony r b l , cf Standard Estonian r bala, rag partitive case , there is no palatalization , short plosive s are stronger than in other dialects of Estonian m gi, cf. Finnish m ki . Similarly, more recent Estonian language Gradation quantitative changes are absent sil m sil m d , , cf. Standard Estonian sil m silm d , , eye eyes . Words expressing negation are finite en, et, ei, emma, etta, evad cf. Standard Estonian ei for all persons sg pl , as in Finnish grammar Negation of verbs F ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2011 In linguistics , a surface filter is type of sound change that does not operate on a single set of sounds at a particular point in time, but continues to operate over a longer period. Surface filters normally affect any phonetic combination that is not permitted according to the language s phonetic rules, and therefore exist as a way to preserve the phonotactics of that language. They are also often a source of complementary distribution between certain sets of sounds. A trivial example of a surface filter is the replacement of sounds that are foreign to the language with sounds that are native to the language they are borrowed into. For example, a language that has no front rounded vowels may replace such vowels with either front unrounded or back rounded vowels, whenever it borrows a word containing such a vowel. Strictly speaking this is not a surface filter, since it is merely the way in which the phonetics of one language are matched to that of another. But it does illustrate the importance of surface filters in preserving the phonological structure of words within the language. Usually, the term surface filter applies only to rules that affect natively constructed words as well as borrowings. Examples One very common example of a surface filter is final obstruent devoicing , in which Voice phonetics voiced obstruents that occur at the end of a word are automatically converted to their unvoiced counterpart. Such a sound change is not a regular sound change. If it were, the devoicing would occur only at a fixed point in time, and any new words that enter the language at a later stage might end in voiced obstruents after all. But this does not happen any new words are automatically passed through the filter and their final obstruents are devoiced automatically. This happens even as a result of apocope of final vowels, which causes non final obstruents to become final. A historical example in Dutch occurs in many verbs, such as blazen to ... more details
pronounced haplogy . Elision , Apheresis linguistics aphaeresis , Syncope phonetics syncope , and apocope ... sounds, syncope is the loss of medial sounds, and apocope is the loss of final sounds. Elision ... soften, hasten, castle , etc. Apocope examples the final e IPA in Middle English words was pronounced ... more details
of lenition is then complete apocope. ref name Hart cite book last Hart first Margot Sue title Consonant ... words and tone 2 only occurred on two syllable words. Due to apocope and the morphology, both ... e . Other Phonological Characteristics Jysk also exhibits a strong tendency towards apocope, i.e. ... number of genders, postclitic versus enclitic article and apocope. g n glas glast g nt same gloss In the rest of Jutland, as a result of apocope, the t disappears completely. t n g n glas ... from it primarily with a distinct accent. Typical features are a higher tendency of apocope of unstressed ... more details
short vowels undergo Apocope deletion , as in jalulu jalul fire . ref name Round forthc. 2011 Front vowel Apocope fails to occur in Locative case locatives , verbal negatives, many historical ... Round forthc. 2011 Back vowel Apocope also has lexically governed exceptions. ref name Round 2011 ... name Round forthc. 2011 This process is fed in a sense by Apocope, since some forms that would otherwise end in a short vowel arise as cluster final after Apocope e.g. jukarpa jukarp jukar husband ... of the tongue . ref name Round forthc. 2011 This process is also fed by Apocope, and seems to be lexically ... more details
in stress. Those that affect words that combine into phrases are vocalic apocope , consonantic apocope, amalgamation linguistics amalgamation , and stress losses. More specific information ... loses its stress. Vocalic apocope occurs before another word starting with as long as the prior ... plus a voiceless stop, it then goes through consonantic apocope, so the word final consonant is lost ... more details
Infobox language name Low Lusatian familycolor Indo European states Germany region Brandenburg , Saxony fam2 Germanic languages Germanic fam3 West Germanic languages West Germanic fam4 High German languages High German fam5 Central German fam6 East Central German notice IPA Low Lusatian German in German Niederlausitzer Mundart also English Low Lusatian Dialect is a variety of Central German spoken in northern Saxony and southern Brandenburg within the regions of Lower Lusatia Cottbus and the northern part of Upper Lusatia Hoyerswerda . It is well defined from the Low German dialects around and north of Berlin as well as the Saxon dialect group of present day Saxony and the Slavic language of the Sorbs . Both regions were strongly influenced by different dialects, especially after World War II . Refugees from East Prussia and Silesia settled there after their dispossession from former German areas. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic and an economical development because of a stronger extraction of lignite people from Mecklenburg , Thuringia , Saxony and Saxony Anhalt moved to the Lusatia region to benefit from the development. Due to this influence of other German dialects Low Lusatian never formed a too strong variation from standard German. For people moving now into this area the dialect is easy to learn and influences their spoken language quite fast. Citation needed date January 2008 Language Low Lusatian German lacks regional specific words. It contains Syncope phonetics syncope s and apocope s which are used in nearly every German dialect. The only clearly remarkable Manner of articulation articulation is the guttural r , where Standard German s er IPA ending is instead a IPA a class wikitable style margin 1em auto 1em auto rowspan 2 English colspan 2 Standard German colspan 2 Lower Lusatian German spelling International Phonetic Alphabet IPA spelling IPA water Wass er IPA vas Wass a IPA vasa hammer Hamm er IPA ham Hamm a IPA hama siste ... more details
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