Lipoprotein receptor related proteins , low density lipoprotein receptor related proteins HGNC or prolow density lipoprotein receptor related protein UniProt , abbreviated LRP , are a group of protein s. They include LRP1 LRP1B LRP2 megalin LRP3 LRP4 LRP5 LRP6 LRP8 , apolipoprotein e receptor LRP10 LRP11 LRP12 See also LRPAP1 low density lipoprotein receptor related protein associated protein 1 Cell surface receptors Lipoprotein metabolism Category Human proteins ... more details
Image Chylomicron.svg thumb 250px Lipoprotein structure chylomicron br ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE apolipoprotein s T triacylglycerol C cholesterol green phospholipid s A lipoprotein is a biochemistry biochemical assembly that contains both protein s and lipid s, bound to the proteins, which allow fats to move through the water outside cells and inside cells. The proteins serve to emulsify the lipid otherwise called fat molecules. Many enzyme s, transporter s, structural proteins, antigen s, adhesin s, and toxin s are lipoproteins. Examples include the High density lipoprotein high density HDL and Low density lipoprotein low density LDL lipoproteins, which enable fats to be carried in the blood stream, the transmembrane protein s of the mitochondrion and the chloroplast , and bacterial lipoproteins. ref http www.mrc lmb.cam.ac.uk genomes dolop mrc lmb.cam.ac.uk ref Function The function of lipoprotein ... with apolipoprotein B 48 into chylomicron s. These nascent chylomicrons are secreted from the intestinal epithelial cells into the lymphatic circulation in a process that depends heavily on apolipoprotein ... particles donate apolipoprotein C II and apolipoprotein E to the nascent chylomicron the chylomicron is now considered mature. Via apolipoprotein C II, mature chylomicrons activate lipoprotein lipase ... via apolipoprotein E with chylomicron remnant receptor s, found chiefly in the liver. This interaction ..., principally VLDL. Triacylglycerol and cholesterol are assembled with apolipoprotein B 100 to form ... upon apolipoprotein B 100. As in chylomicron metabolism, the apolipoprotein C II and apolipoprotein ... and encounter LPL expressed on endothelial cells. Apolipoprotein C II activates LPL, causing hydrolysis ... and, via an interaction between apolipoprotein E and the remnant receptor, be absorbed by the liver ... between the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein B 100 or E on the LDL particle. Absorption occurs ... lipids, chiefly cholesterol. See also Apolipoprotein Lipid anchored protein Vertical Auto Profile References ... more details
structures of apolipoprotein a ii and a lipid surrogate complex provide insights into apolipoprotein ... OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD Apolipoprotein A II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOA2 ... L title Isolation and characterization of the human apolipoprotein A II gene. Electron microscopic ... structural organization of apolipoprotein genes journal J Biol Chem volume 260 issue 28 pages 15222 ... text This gene encodes apolipoprotein apo A II, which is the second most abundant protein of the high ... with apolipoprotein D. Defects in this gene may result in apolipoprotein A II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOA2 apolipoprotein A II url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... doi cite journal author Kalopissis AD, Pastier D, Chambaz J title Apolipoprotein A II beyond genetic ... apolipoprotein A II deficiency. journal Am. J. Hum. Genet. volume 46 issue 4 pages 822 7 year 1990 ... year 1985 pmid 2414299 doi cite journal author Lackner KJ, Law SW, Brewer HB title The human apolipoprotein ... journal author Knott TJ, Wallis SC, Robertson ME, et al. title The human apolipoprotein AII gene ... MN, Tsao YK title Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human apolipoprotein A II cDNA. journal ... 3 chapter 43 Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human apolipoprotein A II cDNA series Methods ... CS, Sharpe CR, Baralle FE, Shoulders CC title Comparison of the human apolipoprotein genes. Apo AII ... R, John KM title Amino acid sequence of human apoLp Gln II apoA II , an apolipoprotein isolated ... peptides of apoLp Gln II apoA II , plasma high density apolipoprotein journal J. Biol. Chem. volume ..., Chan L title Human apolipoprotein A II nucleotide sequence of a cloned cDNA, and localization of its ... SW, Brewer HB title Human apolipoprotein A II complete nucleic acid sequence of preproapo A II journal ... E, Deutzmann R title Cell free translation of human liver apolipoprotein AI and AII mRNA. Processing ... Isolation and characterisation of a cDNA encoding the precursor for human apolipoprotein AII journal ... more details
PBB geneid 337 Apolipoprotein A IV also known as apoA IV, apoAIV, or apoA4 is plasma protein that is the product ... P, Haddad IA, Antonarakis SE title Structure, evolution, and polymorphisms of the human apolipoprotein ... Structure and expression of the human apolipoprotein A IV gene journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 262 ... CC, Li WH, Moore MN, Chan L title Structure and evolution of the apolipoprotein multigene family ... in vitro. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOA4 apolipoprotein A IV url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... A, Funke H, Schulte M, et al. title Nonsynonymous polymorphic sites in the apolipoprotein ... basis of a unique African variant A IV 5 of human apolipoprotein A IV and its significance in lipid ... variants of human plasma apolipoprotein A IV. apoA IV 1 Thr347 Ser , apoA IV 0 Lys167 Glu,Gln360 ... of apolipoprotein A IV is the result of an asparagine to serine substitution at residue 127. journal .... Molecular basis for two rare variants of apolipoprotein A IV 1. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 265 issue ... M, et al. title The mutation causing the common apolipoprotein A IV polymorphism is a glutamine to histidine ... author Lohse P, Kindt MR, Rader DJ, Brewer HB title Genetic polymorphism of human plasma apolipoprotein A IV is due to nucleotide substitutions in the apolipoprotein A IV gene. journal J. Biol. Chem ... IS, et al. title The primary structure of human apolipoprotein A IV. journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta ... DW, Boguski MS, et al. title The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequence of human apolipoprotein ... of apolipoprotein A IV among lipoproteins of human plasma. journal J. Lipid Res. volume 28 ... VI title Structure, evolution, and tissue specific synthesis of human apolipoprotein AIV. journal ... journal author Karathanasis SK title Apolipoprotein multigene family tandem organization of human apolipoprotein ... H, Sandholzer C, et al. title Apolipoprotein A IV polymorphism in the Hungarian population gene ... N, Tremp G, Caillaud JM, et al. title Protection against atherogenesis in mice mediated by human apolipoprotein ... more details
in the editing of C to U nucleotide bases in apolipoprotein B and neurofibromatosis 1 mRNAs ... as an apolipoprotein B RNA binding protein that interacts with both apobec 1 and apobec 1 complementation ... in the Editing of Apolipoprotein B mRNA journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 20 issue 5 pages 1846 ... year 2003 month Dec. title Involvement of a chaperone regulator, Bcl2 associated athanogene 4, in apolipoprotein ... encoding the human apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme APOBEC1 to chromosome 12p13.1 journal ... 3 cite journal author Lau PP, Zhu HJ, Baldini A, et al. title Dimeric structure of a human apolipoprotein ... cloning of a human small intestinal apolipoprotein B mRNA editing protein journal Nucleic Acids Res ... journal author Morrison JR, P szty C, Stevens ME, et al. title Apolipoprotein B RNA editing enzyme deficient ... that also interacts with apolipoprotein B mRNA and evidence for its involvement in RNA editing journal ... cite journal author Oka K, Kobayashi K, Sullivan M, et al. title Tissue specific inhibition of apolipoprotein ... T, Navaratnam N, Scott J title Human apolipoprotein B RNA editing deaminase gene APOBEC1 journal Genomics ... Factor, a Novel RNA Binding Protein Involved in the Editing of Apolipoprotein B mRNA journal Mol ... cloning of a novel essential component of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme complex journal ... as an apolipoprotein B RNA binding protein that interacts with both apobec 1 and apobec 1 complementation ... role for RNA binding protein CUGBP2 in mammalian RNA editing. CUGBP2 modulates C to U editing of apolipoprotein ... protein 2, modulates apolipoprotein B mRNA editing journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 276 issue 49 pages ... and apobec 1, the Catalytic Subunit of the Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Enzyme journal Am. J ... journal author Dance GS, Sowden MP, Cartegni L, et al. title Two proteins essential for apolipoprotein ... more details
reticulum lipid transfer protein involved in the biosynthesis and lipid loading of apolipoprotein ... 204 issue 4 pages year 2007 pmid 17403933 doi 10.1084 jem.20061568 pmc 2118556 ref . Apolipoprotein ... Olofsson SO, Boren J title Apolipoprotein B a clinically important apolipoprotein which assembles ... 258 issue 5 pages year 2005 pmid 16238675 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2796.2005.01556.x ref . Apolipoprotein ... more details
orphan date December 2008 PBB geneid 319 Apolipoprotein F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOF gene . ref name pmid8093033 cite journal author Day JR, Albers JJ, Gilbert TL, Whitmore TE, McConathy WJ, Wolfbauer G title Purification and molecular cloning of human apolipoprotein F journal Biochem Biophys Res Commun volume 203 issue 2 pages 1146 51 year 1994 month Oct pmid 8093033 pmc doi 10.1006 bbrc.1994.2302 ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOF apolipoprotein F url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 319 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text The product of this gene is one of the minor apolipoproteins found in plasma. This protein forms complexes with lipoproteins and may be involved in transport and or esterification of cholesterol. ref name entrez References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Morton RE, Gnizak HM, Greene DJ, et al. title Lipid transfer inhibitor protein apolipoprotein F concentration in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects journal J. Lipid Res. volume 49 issue 1 pages 127 35 year 2008 pmid 17901467 doi 10.1194 jlr.M700258 JLR200 cite journal author Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. title The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full Length cDNA Project The Mammalian Gene Collection MGC journal Genome Res. volume 14 issue 10B pages 2121 7 year 2004 pmid 15489334 doi 10.1101 gr.2596504 pmc 528928 cite journal author Kabbara A, Payet N, Cottel D, et al. title Exclusion of CYP46 and APOM as candidate ... inhibitor protein reveals its identity with apolipoprotein F journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 274 issue ... apolipoprotein F from human plasma journal Biochemistry volume 21 issue 21 pages 5347 51 year ... P title Isolation and partial characterization of a new acidic apolipoproteinapolipoprotein F from ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 107741 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia also known as Broad beta disease ref name Bolognia and Remnant removal disease ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref is a condition characterized by increased LDL , triglyceride , and cholesterol levels, and decreased HDL levels. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 534 The condition is caused by a deficiency in apolipoprotein E that serves as a ligand for chylomicron and IDL receptors in the liver The normal ApoE turns into the defective ApoE2 form. See also Primary hyperlipoproteinemia Apolipoprotein B deficiency List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Lipid metabolism disorders Category Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism Category Lipid metabolism disorders ca Disbetalipoprote n mia familiar ... more details
localization, alternative splicing, and transcription units of the human apolipoprotein E receptor ... receptor related protein 8, apolipoprotein e receptor url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez ... protein 8 , or LRP8 also Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2 ApoER2 is a member of the Low density lipoprotein ... an apolipoprotein E receptor, a member of the low density lipoprotein receptor LDLR family. Apolipoprotein ... remnants, very low density lipoprotein VLDL , and high density lipoprotein HDL . The apolipoprotein ... pmid17314095 cite journal author Olson GE, Winfrey VP, Nagdas SK, Hill KE, Burk RF title Apolipoprotein ... Tom, Willnow Thomas E year 2003 month Aug. title Differential binding of ligands to the apolipoprotein ... of apolipoprotein E receptor 2 in brain journal Neuroscience volume 90 issue 3 pages 903 11 year ... Expression in vitro of alternatively spliced variants of the messenger RNA for human apolipoprotein ... al. title Identification of a novel exon in apolipoprotein E receptor 2 leading to alternatively spliced ... Riddell DR, Sun XM, Stannard AK, et al. title Localization of apolipoprotein E receptor 2 to caveolae ... SL, Ng HK, Baum L, et al. title Low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 8 apolipoprotein E ... 9 cite journal author Sacre SM, Stannard AK, Owen JS title Apolipoprotein E apoE isoforms differentially ... to collagen via interaction with phospholipids and the apolipoprotein E receptor 2 journal J. Biol ... more details
orphan date December 2008 PBB geneid 23780 Apolipoprotein L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL2 gene . ref name pmid10591208 cite journal author Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O Brien KP, et al. title The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22 journal Nature volume 402 issue 6761 pages 489 95 year 1999 month Dec pmid 10591208 pmc doi 10.1038 990031 ref ref name pmid11374903 cite journal author Page NM, Butlin DJ, Lomthaisong K, Lowry PJ title The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster identification, classification, and sites of distribution journal Genomics volume 74 issue 1 pages 71 8 year 2001 month May pmid 11374903 pmc doi 10.1006 geno.2001.6534 ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOL2 apolipoprotein L, 2 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 23780 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text This gene is a member of the apolipoprotein L gene family. The encoded protein is found in the cytoplasm, where it may affect the movement of lipids or allow the binding of lipids to organelles. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. ref name entrez References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author McGhee KA, Morris DW, Schwaiger S title Investigation of the apolipoprotein L APOL gene family and schizophrenia using a novel DNA pooling strategy for public database SNPs journal Schizophr ... author Monajemi H, Fontijn RD, Pannekoek H, Horrevoets AJ title The apolipoprotein L gene cluster ... Duchateau PN, Pullinger CR, Cho MH title Apolipoprotein L gene family tissue specific expression, splicing ... more details
orphan date December 2008 PBB geneid 80830 Apolipoprotein L6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL6 gene . ref name pmid11374903 cite journal author Page NM, Butlin DJ, Lomthaisong K, Lowry PJ title The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster identification, classification, and sites of distribution journal Genomics volume 74 issue 1 pages 71 8 year 2001 month May pmid 11374903 pmc doi 10.1006 geno.2001.6534 ref ref name pmid15671246 cite journal author Liu Z, Lu H, Jiang Z, Pastuszyn A, Hu CA title Apolipoprotein l6, a novel proapoptotic Bcl 2 homology 3 only protein, induces mitochondria mediated apoptosis in cancer cells journal Mol Cancer Res volume 3 issue 1 pages 21 31 year 2005 month Jan pmid 15671246 pmc doi ref ref name entrez The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text This gene is a member of the apolipoprotein L gene family. The encoded protein is found in the cytoplasm, where it may affect the movement of lipids or allow the binding of lipids to organelles. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOL6 apolipoprotein L, 6 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 80830 accessdate ref References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB title Normalization and subtraction two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. journal Genome Res. volume 6 issue 9 pages 791 806 year 1997 pmid 8889548 doi 10.1101 gr.6.9.791 cite journal author Dominguez O, Ashhab Y, Sabater L, et al. title Cloning of ARE containing genes by AU motif directed display. journal Genomics volume 54 issue 2 pages 278 86 year 1999 pmid 9828130 doi 10.1006 geno.1998.5548 cite journal author Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, et al. title The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. journal Nature volume 402 issue 6761 pages 489 95 year 1999 pmid 10591208 doi 10.1038 990031 ... more details
PBB geneid 8542 APOL1 is the gene , which in humans encodes the Apolipoprotein L1 protein . ref name pmid9325276 cite journal author Duchateau PN, Pullinger CR, Orellana RE, Kunitake ST, Naya Vigne J, O Connor PM, Malloy MJ, Kane JP title Apolipoprotein L, a new human high density lipoprotein apolipoprotein expressed by the pancreas. Identification, cloning, characterization, and plasma distribution of apolipoprotein L journal J Biol Chem volume 272 issue 41 pages 25576 82 year 1997 month Nov pmid 9325276 pmc doi 10.1074 jbc.272.41.25576 ref ref name pmid11374903 cite journal author Page NM, Butlin DJ, Lomthaisong K, Lowry PJ title The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster identification, classification, and sites of distribution journal Genomics volume 74 issue 1 pages 71 8 year 2001 month May pmid 11374903 pmc doi 10.1006 geno.2001.6534 ref ref name pmid16020735 cite journal author Perez Morga D, Vanhollebeke B, Paturiaux Hanocq F, Nolan DP, Lins L, Homble F, Vanhamme L, Tebabi P, Pays A, Poelvoorde P, Jacquet A, Brasseur R, Pays E title Apolipoprotein L I promotes trypanosome lysis by forming pores in lysosomal membranes journal Science volume 309 issue 5733 pages 469 72 year 2005 ... APOL1 apolipoprotein L, 1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch ... Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text Apolipoprotein ... Plasma apolipoprotein L concentrations correlate with plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels ... Apolipoprotein L gene family tissue specific expression, splicing, promoter regions discovery of a new ... JP cite journal author Monajemi H, Fontijn RD, Pannekoek H, Horrevoets AJ title The apolipoprotein ... L title Apolipoprotein L I is the trypanosome lytic factor of human serum journal Nature volume ... first4 Michael R last5 Raper first5 Jayne cite journal author Albert TS title Apolipoprotein L ... protein and apolipoprotein L I in trypanolysis by human serum journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ... more details
orphan date December 2008 PBB geneid 80833 Apolipoprotein L3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL3 gene . ref name pmid11374903 cite journal author Page NM, Butlin DJ, Lomthaisong K, Lowry PJ title The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster identification, classification, and sites of distribution journal Genomics volume 74 issue 1 pages 71 8 year 2001 month May pmid 11374903 pmc doi 10.1006 geno.2001.6534 ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene APOL3 apolipoprotein L, 3 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 80833 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text This gene is a member of the apolipoprotein L gene family. The encoded protein is found in the cytoplasm, where it may affect the movement of lipids or allow the binding of lipids to organelles. In addition, expression of this gene is upregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha in endothelial cells lining the normal and atherosclerotic iliac artery and aorta. Six transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene. ref name entrez References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Horrevoets AJ title Vascular endothelial genes that are responsive to tumor necrosis factor alpha in vitro are expressed in atherosclerotic lesions, including inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1, stannin, and two novel genes journal Blood volume 93 issue 10 pages 3418 31 year 1999 pmid 10233894 doi author separator , author2 Fontijn RD author3 van Zonneveld AJ display authors 3 last4 De Vries first4 CJ last5 Ten Cate first5 JW last6 Pannekoek first6 H cite journal author Dunham I title .... J. last8 Ainscough first8 R. last9 Almeida first9 J. P. cite journal author Duchateau PN title Apolipoprotein ... journal author Monajemi H, Fontijn RD, Pannekoek H, Horrevoets AJ title The apolipoprotein L gene ... more details
PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text Mammalian apolipoprotein B mRNA ... of apolipoprotein B mRNA by interacting with apobec 1 and ACF, the apobec 1 complementation factor ... of GRY RBP as an apolipoprotein B RNA binding protein that interacts with both apobec 1 and apobec ... of apolipoprotein B mRNA journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 20 issue 5 pages 1846 54 publisher ... of apolipoprotein B mRNA. journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 20 issue 5 pages 1846 54 year 2000 pmid ... I, et al. title Purification and molecular cloning of a novel essential component of the apolipoprotein ... Induction of cytidine to uridine editing on cytoplasmic apolipoprotein B mRNA by overexpressing APOBEC ... of GRY RBP as an apolipoprotein B RNA binding protein that interacts with both apobec 1 and apobec ... RNA editing. CUGBP2 modulates C to U editing of apolipoprotein B mRNA by interacting with apobec 1 ... for RNA binding and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing. journal RNA volume 8 issue 1 pages 69 82 year ... A, Tzimina M, et al. title The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing complex performs a multifunctional ... more details
wiktionarypar apo apo Apo or APO may refer to African Press Organization Acting Pilot Officer , the lowest commissioned grade in the Royal Air Force Pulmonary edema Acute Pulmomary Oedema , fluid accumulation on the lungs African Political Organization , a Coloured political organization in early twentieth century South Africa Alpha Phi Omega , a U.S. service fraternity Apo, a god of mountains in Inca mythology Serok Apo or Abdullah calan, Kurdistan Workers Party leader Apochromat , a type of photographic or other lens Apolipoprotein Apoprotein , a protein without its bound cofactor Apotex , Canadian pharmaceutical company, producer of generic drugs Application Performance Optimization Army Post Office chiefly U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force postal services. Also See military mail Association for Professional Observers , an association of fisheries observers lang de Au erparlamentarische Opposition , a political protest movement in West Germany during the 1960s and 1970s Authorized Personnel Only , a fictional black ops unit on Alias After Peak oil Peak Oil , an epoch used in dating years following the estimated Peak of Global Oil Production Places Apo Island , a volcanic island in the Philippines Mount Apo , a stratovolcano on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines Kara River or Apo, a tributary of the Danube in the Banat region of Serbia and Romania Apo eup , an Eup administrative division eup in Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk do, central South Korea Apache Point Observatory , an observatory in the Sacramento Mountains in Sunspot, New Mexico, U.S. Music Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra APO Hiking Society , a Filipino singing group Aldworth Philharmonic Orchestra , the orchestra of Reading Blue Coat School Trivia Reading Blue Coat School See also Apolipoprotein , lipid binding protein APU disambiguation disambig cs APO de APO Begriffskl rung es APO eo APO fr APO it APO nl Apo ja APO pl APO pt Apo ro APO sv APO tl Apo ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hypobetalipoproteinemia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 E 78 6 e 78 ICD9 ICD9 272.5 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1117 MeshID D006995 Hypobetalipoproteinemia is a disorder consisting of low levels of LDL cholesterol or apolipoprotein B , ref name pmid15818469 cite journal author Schonfeld G, Lin X, Yue P title Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia genetics and metabolism journal Cell. Mol. Life Sci. volume 62 issue 12 pages 1372 8 year 2005 month June pmid 15818469 doi 10.1007 s00018 005 4473 0 ref below the 5th percentile. ref name pmid12639976 cite journal author Schonfeld G title Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia a review journal J. Lipid Res. volume 44 issue 5 pages 878 83 year 2003 month May pmid 12639976 doi 10.1194 jlr.R300002 JLR200 url http www.jlr.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 12639976 ref The patient can have hypobetalipoproteinemia and simultaneously have high levels of HDL cholesterol . Notably, in people who do not have the genetic disorder hypobetalipoproteinemia, a low cholesterol level may be a marker for poor nutrition, wasting disease, cancer, hyperthyroidism, and liver disease. Causes One form is thought to be caused by mutated apolipoprotein B . ref cite journal author Young SG title Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia associated with a mutant species of apolipoprotein B B 46 journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 320 issue 24 pages 1604 10 year 1989 month June pmid 2725600 doi 10.1056 NEJM198906153202407 url author separator , author2 Hubl ST author3 Chappell DA display authors 3 last4 Smith first4 Richard S. last5 Claiborne first5 Frederica last6 Snyder first6 Steven M. last7 Terdiman first7 Joseph F. ref Another form is associated with microsomal triglyceride transfer protein which causes abetalipoproteinemia . A third form, chylomicron retention disease CRD , is associated with SARA2 . ref name pmid17570373 cite journal author Tarugi P title Molecular diagnosis of hypobetalipoproteinemia an ENID review ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 Judes Poirier is canadian born professor of Medicine and Psychiatry at McGill University and former director of the Centre for Studies in Aging at McGill University. He currently serves as director of the Molecular Neurobiology Unit at the Douglas Mental Health University Institute Douglas Institute Research Centre and as Associate Director of the Centre for the Studies on the Prevention of Alzheimer s disease at McGill University . He received his undergraduate training at the Universit de Montr al in biochemistry and clinical sciences. Shortly after, he joined Dr. Andr Barbeau s group at the Clinical Research Institute of Montr al where he worked on the neurobiology of Parkinson s disease . He then moved to the Alzheimer s Disease Research Consortium of Southern California which is based at the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center Andrus Gerontology Centre , in Los Angeles. It is in California that he discovered the important role of apolipoprotein E , a cholesterol transporter that acts as a powerful modulator of brain reinnervation and a key player in Alzheimer s disease pathophysiology. In 1989, McGill University and the Douglas Institute recruited him back to Montr al to establish a research program specialized in the molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases. Dr. Poirier has made some key contributions to the advancement of scientific research on Alzheimer s and Parkinson s diseases. He belongs to a short list of Canadian scientists who made milestone discoveries in http www.cihr irsc.gc.ca e flash 38214.html Canadian Health Research history. He is internationally renowned for his works on the role of apolipoprotein E in the normal and injured brain and, in the genetics of Alzheimer s disease . Beside his seminal contribution in the field of the neurobiology and genetics of apolipoprotein E, he has been a pioneer in the establishment of the Pharmacogenomics pharmacogenomic bases of brain diseases treatment. He received several ... more details
In medicine , LDL apheresis is a form of apheresis , resembling dialysis , to eliminate the cholesterol containing particle low density lipoprotein LDL from the bloodstream. Uses It is used in diseases featuring high LDL, such as the rare disease rare homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia , when the heterozygous form does not respond to medical treatment, or when the treatment has led to dangerous Adverse effect medicine side effects such as rhabdomyolysis . The procedure takes 2 4 hours and must be repeated every several weeks to keep the LDL levels from accumulation and causing cardiovascular disease . It is an expensive procedure, limiting its use to severe cases of hyperlipidemia . Principles LDL apheresis works by leading venous blood through a column coated with antibody antibodies to apolipoprotein B the main protein of LDL particles , dextran dextran sulfate sulfate or polyacrylate , or by precipitating LDL with heparin at low pH . In all cases apart from polyacrylate absorption , blood plasma plasma is separated from blood cell cells by a cell separator . References Thompson GR. LDL Apheresis . Atherosclerosis 2003 167 1 13. PMID 12618263. Vella A, Pineda AA, O Brien T. Low density lipoprotein apheresis for the treatment of refractory hyperlipidemia. Mayo Clin Proc 2001 76 1039 46. PMID 11605688. External links http www.apheresis.org American Society for Apheresis http www.csmc.edu 2350.html LDL apheresis information on from Cedars Sinai Medical Centre . http www.liposorber.com LDL apheresis information on from Liposorber . Category Medical treatments de LDL Apherese ... more details
using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test Apolipoprotein H involvement sub 2 sub glycoprotein I has been identified as Apolipoprotein H and is required for the recognition of ACA in autoimmune ... binding inhibitor of coagulation beta 2 glycoprotein I apolipoprotein H journal Proc. Natl. Acad ... pmc 54059 ref Only a subset of autoimmune anti cardiolipin antibodies bind Apo H, these anti apolipoprotein ... more details
OMIM2 207750 Familial apoprotein CII deficiency Altered apolipoprotein C2 ApoC2 Hyperlipoproteinemia ... combined hyperlipidemia Decreased LDL receptor and increased apolipoprotein B ApoB LDL and VLDL ... Defect in apolipoprotein E Apo E 2 synthesis Intermediate density lipoprotein IDL Tubo Eruptive ... to a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase LPL or altered apolipoprotein C2 , resulting in elevated chylomicron ... in the LDL receptor gene on chromosome 19 0.2 of the population or the apolipoprotein B ApoB gene ... cause for this form is the presence of Apolipoprotein E ApoE E2 E2 genotype. It is due to cholesterol ... more details
Lipoprotein X Lp X is an abnormal low density lipoprotein found in cholestasis . Structure Lipoprotein X is a lamellar particle of 30 to 70 nm in diameter as revealed by electron microscopy. It is characterized by its high content of phospholipids 66 by weight and unesterified cholesterol 22 , and its low content of protein 6 , cholesterol esters 3 , and triglycerides 3 . The protein component is dominated by human serum albumin albumin , located in the core, and by apolipoprotein C, located on the surface of the particle. Using zonal ultracentrifugation, lipoprotein X can be divided into three distinct populations Lp X1, Lp X2, and Lp X3, differing in density and apolipoprotein composition. Pathogenesis The pathogenesis of lipoprotein X in cholestasis is not totally resolved. Normally, the liver excretes lipoprotein complexes into the bile showing phospholipid and unesterified cholesterol concentrations similar to Lipoprotein X. The in vitro incubation of these bile lipoproteins with serum or albumin leads to the appearance of Lp X like particles. These findings suggest that the reflux of bile into the plasma compartment causes the formation of lipoprotein X in cholestasis as a result of a physicochemical, nonmetabolic process. On the other hand, lipoprotein X particles found in familial LCAT deficiency are identical to those in cholestasis regarding ultrastructure and biochemical composition. It has been supposed that reduced LCAT activities, common in patients with hepatocellular disease, cause, alone or in combination with other factors, the formation of Lipoprotein X in cholestasis. Lipoprotein X is mainly removed by the reticuloendothelial system of the liver and the spleen , as shown by studies using radioactively labeled lipoprotein X in rats. Other organs, such as the kidney , also actively clear Lipoprotein X from the plasma. Literature cite journal author Seidel D, Alaupovic P, Furman RH title A lipoprotein characterizing obstructive jaundice. I. Method f ... more details
Image Pays Etienne 070526.jpg thumb 200px right Etienne Pays Etienne Pays born 2 November 1948 is a Belgium Belgian molecular biologist and professor at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles . His research interest is on trypanosomes . He obtained a PhD in Zoology from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles ULB in 1974, and an Aggregation for Higher Education in 1984. Since January 1998, he is Professor at the ULB and since October 1992, Director of the Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology . From 1993 until 1996, he was President of the Belgian Society of Protozoology . In 1996, he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Biological and Medical Sciences for his work on molecular biology . In 1997, he was awarded the Carlos J. Finlay Prize for Microbiology UNESCO , Paris . In 2000, he was awarded the Quinquennal Prize for fundamental biomedical sciences NFWO FNRS . References Vanhollebeke B, De Muylder G, Nielsen MJ, Pays A, Tebabi P, Dieu M, Raes M, Moestrup SK, Pays E., A haptoglobin hemoglobin receptor conveys innate immunity to Trypanosoma brucei in humans, Science. 2008 May 2 320 5876 677 81. Vanhollebeke B, Truc P, Poelvoorde P, Pays A, Joshi PP, Katti R, Jannin JG, Pays E., Human Trypanosoma evansi infection linked to a lack of apolipoprotein L I., N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 28 355 26 2752 6. Vanhamme L, Paturiaux Hanocq F, Poelvoorde P, Nolan DP, Lins L, Van Den Abbeele J, Pays A, Tebabi P, Van Xong H, Jacquet A, Moguilevsky N, Dieu M, Kane JP, De Baetselier P, Brasseur R, Pays E., Apolipoprotein L I is the trypanosome lytic factor of human serum, Nature. 2003 Mar 6 422 6927 83 7. External links http www.ulb.ac.be rech inventaire chercheurs 7 CH1207.html Etienne Pays Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Pays,Etienne ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION molecular biologist, professor DATE OF BIRTH 2 November 1948 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Use dmy dates date February 2011 DEFAULTSORT Pays,Etienne Category 1948 births Category Living people Category ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 D76.3 ILDS D76.330 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Sea blue histiocytosis is a cutaneous condition that may occur as a familial inherited syndrome or as an acquired secondary or systemic infiltrative process. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 720 Causes It can be associated with the gene Apolipoprotein E APOE . ref name pmid16094309 cite journal author Faivre L, Saugier Veber P, Pais de Barros JP, et al title Variable expressivity of the clinical and biochemical phenotype associated with the apolipoprotein E p.Leu149del mutation journal Eur. J. Hum. Genet. volume 13 issue 11 pages 1186 91 year 2005 month November pmid 16094309 doi 10.1038 sj.ejhg.5201480 ref It can also be acquired. ref name pmid11732877 cite journal author Candoni A, Grimaz S, Doretto P, Fanin R, Falcomer F, Bembi B title Sea blue histiocytosis secondary to Niemann Pick disease type B a case report journal Ann. Hematol. volume 80 issue 10 pages 620 2 year 2001 month October pmid 11732877 doi 10.1007 s002770100354 url http link.springer.de link service journals 00277 bibs 1080010 10800620.htm ref Sea blue histiocyte syndrome is seen in patients receiving fat emulsion as a part of long term parenteral nutrition TPN for intestinal failure. Pathophysiology and presentation The high lipid content in the blood leads to excessive cytoplasm loading of lipids within histiocytes. The subsequent incomplete degradation of these lipids leads to the formation of cytoplasmic lipid pigments. High lipid content may also cause membrane abnormality of the hemopoietic cells which is recognized by macrophages and therefore, increased accumulation within the bone marrow. These lipid laden histiocytes appear blue with May Giemsa ref na ... more details
PBB geneid 403314 C U editing enzyme APOBEC 4 , also known as Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide like 4 , is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC4 gene . ref name pmid16082223 cite journal author Rogozin IB, Basu MK, Jordan IK, Pavlov YI, Koonin EV title APOBEC4, a new member of the AID APOBEC family of polynucleotide deoxy cytidine deaminases predicted by computational analysis journal Cell Cycle volume 4 issue 9 pages 1281 5 year 2005 month September pmid 16082223 doi url issn ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 403314 accessdate ref Function This gene encodes a member of the AID APOBEC family of polynucleotide deoxy cytidine deaminase s, which convert cytidine to uridine . Other AID APOBEC family members are involved in mRNA editing, somatic hypermutation and recombination of immunoglobulin genes, and innate immunity to retroviral infection. ref name entrez References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 cite journal author Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. title Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full length human and mouse cDNA sequences. journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 99 issue 26 pages 16899 903 year 2002 pmid 12477932 doi 10.1073 pnas.242603899 pmc 139241 cite journal author Prochnow C, Bransteitter R, Chen XS title APOBEC deaminases mutases with defensive roles for immunity. journal Sci. China, C, Life Sci. volume 52 issue 10 pages 893 902 year 2009 pmid 19911124 doi 10.1007 s11427 009 0133 1 cite journal author Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. title The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full length cDNA project the Mammalian Gene Collection MGC . journal Genome Res. volume 14 issue 10B pages 2121 7 year 2004 pmid 15489334 doi 10.1101 gr.2596504 pmc 528928 cite journal author Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. title The DNA sequence ... more details
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