Orphan date October 2010 unreferenced date September 2010 This is a list of dinosaurs whose remains have been recovered from Appalachia Mesozoic Appalachia . During the Late Cretaceous period, the Western Interior Seaway divided the continent of North America into two landmasses one in the west named Laramidia and Appalachia in the east. Since they were separated from each other, the dinosaur faunas on each of them were very different. For example, nodosaurs were common in Appalachia, but they were rare in Laramidia, and there were only specialized forms, such as Edmontonia and Panoplosaurus . This is an example of how isolated faunas develop differently. List of Appalachian dinosaurs class sortable wikitable Name Period Diet Notes Appalachiosaurus Cretaceous carnivore Claosaurus Cretaceous herbivore The specimen found got washed into the Western Interior Seaway. It is believed to be from Appalachia because it was found closer to the Appalachia side of the sea and is unknown from Laramidia. Coelosaurus Cretaceous carnivore omnivore May be synonymous with Ornithomimus . Dryptosaurus Cretaceous carnivore Hadrosaurus Cretaceous herbivore Hypsibema Cretaceous herbivore Lophorhothon Parrosaurus Cretaceous herbivore A junior synonym of Hypsibema . It is the state dinosaur of Missouri . References http scottsampson.blogspot.com 2010 04 dinosaurs of lost continent.html Portal Dinosaurs DEFAULTSORT List Of Appalachian Dinosaurs Category Dinosaurs of Appalachia ... more details
taxobox name Yellow Mandarin image Yellow mandarin.JPG regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Liliaceae genus Prosartes species P. lanuginosa binomial Prosartes lanuginosa binomial authority Michx. D. Don Prosartes lanuginosa formerly Disporum lanuginosum is a member of the Liliaceae lily family with the common name Yellow Mandarin or Fairybells. It is a native plant forb of the Great Smoky Mountains and occurs in many other parts of the Appalachia Appalachian region from New York state New York to Alabama . Some populations occur outside Appalachia , as in Arkansas and southwestern Ontario . References http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 242101867 efloras http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol PRLA9 USDA Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, Duhl, Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians, Lone Pine Publishing, 2005 p 413, ISBN 978 1 55105428 5 Category Liliales Category Wildflowers of the Great Smoky Mountains Category Flora of Appalachia United States liliales stub ... more details
Appalachian studies is the area studies field concerned with the Appalachia n region of the United States . Scholarship In 1966, West Virginia University librarian Robert F. Munn noted that more nonsense has been written about the Southern Mountains than any comparable area in the United States. He also observed that there was distressingly little in the way of useful primary and secondary materials available for historical research on Appalachia. Munn 1966 Over the four decades since Munn s comments, a wealth of excellent Appalachian scholarship has been published. Appalachian Studies is interdisciplinary, as befits the study of a complex and diverse region and people. Appalachian Studies includes .... Much of the scholarship and research about Appalachia is done by scholars who are members of the Appalachian Studies Association . Academics A number of colleges and universities in and around Appalachia ... of 2007. Appalachia A History. By John Alexander Williams. Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press. 2002. Appalachia on Our Mind the Southern Mountains and Mountaineers in the American Consciousness, 1870 1920. By Henry D. Shapiro. Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press. 1978. Appalachia .... Billings, and Altina L. Waller. Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press. 1995. Appalachia Social .... Ed. by John C. Inscoe. Lexington University Press of Kentucky. 2000. Back talk from Appalachia Confronting ... Press of Kentucky. 2001 Fighting Back in Appalachia Traditions of Resistance and Change. Ed. by Stephen L. Fisher. Philadelphia Temple University Press. 1993. Encyclopedia of Appalachia. Ed. by Rudy Abramson & Jean Haskell. Knoxville University of Tennessee Press. 2006 A Handbook to Appalachia ... University of Tennessee Press. 2006 High Mountains Rising Appalachia in Time and Place. Ed. by Richard ... of Appalachia How Southern Mountaineers Brought Independence, Culture and Enlightenment to America. Jeff ... browse space place and appalachia Space, Place, and Appalachia External links http www.appalachiancenter.org ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 File Cretaceous seaway.png thumb Hudson Seaway The Hudson Seaway was made up of mostly the present day Hudson Bay some 75 million years ago. Along with the Western Interior Seaway , the Hudson Seaway split the western and eastern parts of modern day North America , Laramidia and Appalachia Mesozoic Appalachia , respectively. Greenland was separated by the foundered rift that created the Labrador Seaway . Coord missing Nunavut See also Lake Agassiz Category History of Nunavut QikiqtaalukNU geo stub Geology stub ... more details
Image Whitetop.jpg 250px thumb A view on Whitetop Mountain The White Top Folk Festival was a folk festival held on Whitetop Mountain in Grayson County, Virginia from 1932 to 1939. Established by Annabel Morris Buchanan, John Blakemore, and classical music ian John Powell , it featured Appalachia Appalachian folk music. ref Rudy Abramson and Jean Haskell, eds, Encyclopedia of Appalachia , Knoxville, TN U of Tennessee Press, 2006 , p. 861 ref At its height, the festival hosted First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt in 1933. The festival was not held in 1937, and was canceled in 1940 due to flooding. It did not resume again. ref Roadside Virginia Historical Marker in vicinity of White Top Mountain. image Whitetophistoricalmarker.jpg Image here. ref Notes reflist Category Folk festivals in the United States Category Grayson County, Virginia ... more details
Taxobox name Tolus image Tolus appalachius Marshal Hedin .jpg image caption T. appalachius regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Arachnid a ordo Opiliones subordo Laniatores infraordo Grassatores familia Phalangodidae genus Tolus genus authority Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 diversity link Tolus diversity 1 species range map range map width 250px species T. appalachia binomial Tolus appalachia binomial authority Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 Tolus is a genus of harvestman in family Phalangodidae with the sole described species Tolus appalachius . It is only found in Tennessee . References aut Joel Hallan s Biology Catalog http insects.tamu.edu research collection hallan Acari Family Phalangodidae.txt Phalangodidae commons Tolus appalachius Category Harvestmen Opiliones stub ... more details
orphan date February 2009 Wilma A. Dunaway is Professor of Sociology in the Government and International Affairs Program at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, Virginia . ref http filebox.vt.edu users wdunaway publications W.Dunaway ref Biography She earned a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Tennessee in 1994. She received a fellowship from the Woodrow Wilson Foundation to complete her ground breaking dissertation about the integration of Antebellum era antebellum Appalachia into global capitalism, and her subsequent research since then have brought her attention as one of the most acclaimed contemporary scholars about this region of the United States. Since 1996, Dunaway has published four revisionist monographs about pre Civil War Appalachia, and that work has been recognized through two Weatherford Awards for the best book about Southern Appalachia, an honorary doctorate , and several other book and research awards. In addition, she has edited two books that offer revisions and extensions of world systems analysis. Dunaway s research interests include international political economy , world systems analysis, racial and ethnic conflict , comparative slavery studies, Native Americans in the United States Native American studies, Appalachian Studies, radical feminist perspectives on women s work, and qualitative research methodologies. Selected books Southern Laboring Women Race, Class and Gender Conflict in Antebellum Appalachia . Cambridge University Press, forthcoming. Slavery in the American Mountain South . Cambridge University Press, 2003. The African American Family in Slavery and Emancipation . Cambridge University Press, 2003. Crises and Resistance in the 21st Century World System . Praeger Press, 2003. New Theoretical Directions for the 21st Century World System . Praeger Press, 2003. The First American Frontier Transition to Capitalism in Southern Appalachia, 1700 1860 . University of North Carolina Press, 1996. Refe ... more details
from counties , ref http www.arc.gov index.do?nodeId 27 Counties in Appalachia , Appalachian Regional ... in Appalachia. The ARC is a planning, research, advocacy and funding organization it does not have any ... of the Cumberland Mountains Cumberland area of Appalachia, predominantly in Kentucky . This book brought the situation in Appalachia to national attention. ref McKinney, Gordon B., review of Extracting Appalachia Images of the Consolidation Coal Company, 1910 1945 , and To Move a Mountain Fighting the Global Economy in Appalachia in Enterprise & Society, Volume 5, Number 4, December 2004, pp. 721 ... legislation to bring federal dollars to Appalachia. This legislation, the Appalachian Redevelopment ... area usually thought of as Appalachia . For instance, parts of Mississippi were included in the commission ..., Ohio region was declared part of Appalachia by the ARC Deindustrialization of Youngstown, Ohio due ... saw a new way to bring home federal money to their areas. ref http www.dispatch.com news special APPALACHIA SUNDAY Appalachia Hollow Promises ref ARC projects ARC undertakes projects that address the four ... in Appalachia to reach parity with the nation. Strengthen the capacity of the people of Appalachia to compete in the global economy. Develop and improve Appalachia s infrastructure to make the region economically competitive. Build the Appalachian Development Highway System to reduce Appalachia s isolation ... Fighting the Global Economy in Appalachia , New York New Press, 2004. 340 pp., ISBN 1 56584 784 9 ... 22, 2006 http findarticles.com p articles mi qa3720 is 200001 ai n8900205 Appalachia Hollow Promises ... Appalachia ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date November 2008 River of Earth is a novel, published in 1940 in literature 1940 , by Appalachia Appalachian author James Still . Plot synopsis The book focuses on three years in the life of an Appalachian family as told from the viewpoint of a young boy. The boy watches as his parents are pulled between their meager but independent life as farmers, and the uncertain promise of prosperity offered by the Appalachia Economy mining camps in Appalachia. Publication The book was published in 1940, within a year of The Grapes of Wrath , and by the same publisher. The cabin that appears on the cover of the newest edition was located in Knott County, Kentucky , where Still lived for about 50 years.... Criticism Many issues arise from a discussion of the differences and similarities between River of Earth and Grapes of Wrath. Critic Dean Cadle notes that these are the only books chronicling the demoralizing Depression years Steinbeck s novel about the dust bowl 1929 crash depression era, while Still is writing about traumas that span the existence of mountain people in America. Similarly, Ted Olson suggests the work relies on the theme of working class families vs. socio economic political systems. Douglas Reichert Powell claims that national epics are about the inevitability of displacement and nomadism. Place is then reduced to being stopped, giving up, or resting while River of Earth is concerned with even the possibility of place . Category 1940 novels Category 20th century American novels Category Novels set in Kentucky 1940s novel stub ... more details
Blue people may refer to Methemoglobinemia Blue Fugates , naturally blue skinned people of Appalachia Cyanosis a name for the Tuareg people , from their traditional clothing A term in the United States to refer to Democratic Party United States popular culture the Smurfs cartoon and comic series The Na vi are a fictional species that live on Pandora in Avatar 2009 film See also Blue skin disambiguation disambig ... more details
Mountain Empire may refer to Places Mountain Empire, San Diego a rural area of southeastern San Diego County, California Mountain Empire, Appalachia a rural area of northeastern Tennessee and southwestern Virginia Other Mountain Empire Community College a two year college located in Big Stone Gap, Virginia Mountain Empire Baptist School a former K 12 school located in Bristol, Tennessee dab ... more details
The Marshall University Rural Health Clinic also called the MU Rural Health Center is a division of the Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine of Marshall University . It is located in Chapmanville, West Virginia . The purpose of the medical school is to aleviate the shortage of physicians in rural central and southern Appalachia . As such, students are required to spend at least two clinical rotations 12 weeks in rural area. The center provides rural health clinical rotations, and brings university quality health care to the rural area. It opened in May 2012. Category Marshall University ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Blunt cliff fern image Woodsia obtusa frond.jpg image size 100px status G5 status system TNC regnum Plant ae divisio Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida subclassis ordo Athyriales familia Woodsiaceae genus Woodsia species W. obtusa binomial Woodsia obtusa binomial authority Spreng. Torr. Image Woodsia obtusa habitat.jpg left thumb W. obtusa in its natural habitat Woodsia obtusa is a common rock fern of Appalachia and eastern North America . It prefers a calcareous substrate, but also grows in neutral soils. It may grow on rock faces or in scree. This fern is often confused with various ferns of the genus Cystopteris but can be distinguished by its hairy nature. Category Woodsia Category Fern species Category Ferns of the United States Category Flora of Appalachia United States Category Flora of the Eastern United States Category Flora of Kentucky Category Flora of Ohio Category Flora of Pennsylvania Category Flora of West Virginia fern stub ... more details
County, Tennessee known for Founder of Museum of Appalachia spouse Elizabeth McDaniel Irwin m. 1954 ... historian, and founder of the Museum of Appalachia in Norris, Tennessee . Rice was born in Union County ... of Appalachia in 1968, and has since grown significantly in both its size and number of visitors ... that was to become the Museum of Appalachia. ref name Elizabethobit John Rice Irwin was born on December ... of the last 40 to 50 years have been devoted to preserving the history of our people s struggle in Appalachia ... new role at Museum of Appalachia John Rice Irwin enters new role at Museum of Appalachia . The Oak ... s show publisher wbir.com date 2010 12 09 accessdate 2010 12 23 ref Museum of Appalachia Image Museumofappalachia sign2.jpg thumb right 250px Sign at entrance of Museum of Appalachia Irwin s interest ... articletype articleview articleid 361 the genius of appalachia The Genius of Appalachia , The History ... ref name newroleRidger In 1968, Irwin founded the Museum of Appalachia to house and display his growing collection. ref cite web url http www.museumofappalachia.org Museum of Appalachia History.htm ..., founder of Museum of Appalachia, retiring after 40 years Knoxville News Sentinel publisher Knoxnews.com ..., the museum had grown so large that Irwin left his position as director of the Tennessee Appalachia ... John Rice Irwin is generally known as the founder of the Museum of Appalachia. He is also the author ... to Appalachia Award. He is the 2008 recipient of the Trailblazer Award, and in 2009 was named the Anderson ... Makers in Southern Appalachia 9780916838614 John Rice Irwin Books publisher Amazon.com date ... Appalachia ISBN 978 0 916838 81 2 ref cite web url http www.amazon.com dp 0916838811 title Guns and Gunmaking Tools of Southern Appalachia The Story of the Kentucky Rifle 9780916838812 John Rice Irwin ... of Appalachia story ISBN 978 0 88740 102 2 ref cite web author url http www.amazon.com dp 0887401023 title The Museum of Appalachia story The nationally acclaimed mountain village, farm, and museum ... more details
Route 11 now US 23 Business near Appalachia to the county line, was added to the state highway system ... County, Virginia Wise county line rowspan 2 Appalachia, Virginia Appalachia jct state VA SR 160 dir1 ... more details
File Paleogeography of North America during the late Campanian Stage of the Late Cretaceous.png thumb right Laramidia, the Western Interior Seaway , and Appalachia Mesozoic Appalachia , during the late Campanian Stage. File Cretaceous seaway.png thumb right Laramidia, circa 100 mya Laramidia ref Laramidia is named for Laramie, Wyoming , located in the former landmass. ref is a name coined by J. David Archibald in 1996 to describe an island continent that existed during the Late Cretaceous period, when the Western Interior Seaway split the continent of North America in two. Context Two landmasses existed the eastern one is called Appalachia Mesozoic Appalachia Laramidia is the name given to the western landmass. Since the two landmasses were separated geographically, the fauna on each of them was quite different. For example, the armor plated nodosaur s were relatively abundant in Appalachia . However, in Laramidia, only rare and specialized forms, such as Edmontonia and Panoplosaurus , have been found. Geography Laramidia stretches from modern day Alaska to Mexico . ref http tech.ca.msn.com photogallery.aspx?cp documentid 25684986&page 3 MSN, Amazing Horned Dinosaurs Discovered 23 Sep 2010 Accessed 23 Sep 2010. ref It is very rich in dinosaur fossils, suggesting that the American West was home to one of the most diverse dinosaur fauna anywhere in the world. Tyrannosauridae Tyrannosaurs , Dromaeosauridae dromaeosaurids , Troodontidae troodontids , Hadrosaurid hadrosaurs , ceratopsia ns including Kosmoceratops and Utahceratops ref name Sampson Cite journal author Scott D. Sampson, Mark A. Loewen, Andrew A. Farke, Eric M. Roberts, Catherine A. Forster, Joshua A. Smith, Alan L. Titus year 2010 title New Horned Dinosaurs from Utah Provide Evidence for Intracontinental Dinosaur Endemism journal PLoS ONE volume 5 issue 9 pages e12292 doi 10.1371 journal.pone.0012292 pmid 20877459 pmc 2929175 url http www.plosone.org article info 3Adoi 2F10.1371 2Fjournal.pone.0012292 ref , ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Crossing Bridges Type Live album Artist Mark O Connor s Appalachia Waltz Trio Cover Crossingbridges.JPG Released 2004 Recorded 2004 Genre Country music Country Length 73 55 Label OMAC Records Producer Mark O Connor Last album Thirty Year Retrospective br 2003 This album Crossing Bridges br 2004 Next album Double Violin Concerto br 2005 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4.5 5 ref Allmusic class album id r719949 first Ken last Dryden ref rev2 rev2Score Crossing Bridges is a live 2004 album by Mark O Connor , Carol Cook , and Natalie Haas . It was recorded at May 22 May 24 performances in Spivey Hall, Clayton College, and State University, Morrow, Georgia . It contains pieces written by O Connor s for the earlier Appalachia Waltz and Appalachian Journey albums, as well as two new ones, Olympic Reel Medley and Blackberry Mull . Olympic Reel was written for the 1996 Summer Olympics , and segues into a medley of the other fiddle tunes and styles of the trio member s cultures, Scottish, Irish, and Texan folk music. Blackberry Mull was based around an old folk song called Blackberry Blossom . The songs arranged for violin , viola , and cello . Track listing Chief Sitting in the Rain College Hornpipe traditional, arr. O Connor 5 28 Blackberry Mull O Connor 8 02 Appalachia Waltz O Connor 7 22 Old Country Fairy Tale O Connor 9 30 F.C. s Jig O Connor 3 20 Poem for Carlita O Connor 8 30 Limerock traditional, arr. O Connor 2 25 Caprice for Three O Connor 3 43 Vistas O Connor 10 24 Olympic Reel Medley O Connor 11 20 Personnel Mark O Connor Violin Carol Cook Viola Natalie Haas Cello also Paul Eachus Recording Mark O Connor Mixing Mark O Connor Producer References Reflist Category Mark O Connor albums Category 2004 live albums 2000s country album stub ... more details
templates logessay.html Historical Survey of Log Structures in Southern Appalachia , Digital Library of Appalachia, Appalachian College Association Central Library. Retrieved 7 February 2007. ref References ... more details
Tennessee Fall Homecoming is the popular fall autumn festival of the Museum of Appalachia . A four day event held annually on the second full weekend of October, Homecoming features continuous performance on five stages of traditional music ranging from gospel music gospel to bluegrass music bluegrass for the duration of the event. Over a quarter century old, its headliners have included Doc Watson , Ralph Stanley , Mac Wiseman , Janette Carter , Rhonda Vincent , Bitt Rouse, and Doyle Lawson Doyle Lawson and Quicksilver . Each year over 175 artisans some of whom do not sell in other venues demonstrate and sell old time Appalachia n crafts. Demonstrations range from paper being made from milkweed to apple sulfuring a method of preserving fruit by exposing slices to sulfur smoke, which kills bacteria ref National Park Service, http www.nps.gov grsm historyculture apples.htm Mountain Orchards ref . Other activities include buck dancing and clogging . Visitors can participate in daily hymn singing in the Museum s 19th century log Church in the Wildwood. Dozens of local ladies and food vendors serve country food on the grounds every day, some of it prepared on woodburning stoves and in iron kettles. Approximately 50,000 visitors attend some part of the four day event. Special admission rates apply. References references External links http www.museumofappalachia.org Museum of Appalachia coord missing Tennessee Category Folk festivals in the United States Category Visitor attractions in Anderson County, Tennessee Category Cultural festivals in the United States Category Festivals in Tennessee ... more details
Night Comes to the Cumberlands 1962 is a book by Harry Caudill that brought attention to poverty in Appalachia and is credited with making the Appalachian area a focus of the United State government s War on Poverty . ref name Harry M. Caudill, 68, Who Told of Appalachian Poverty cite news last Fowler first Glenn title Harry M. Caudill, 68, Who Told of Appalachian Poverty url http www.nytimes.com 1990 12 01 obituaries harry m caudill 68 who told of appalachian poverty.html?scp 1&sq Harry 20M. 20Caudill&st cse accessdate 2 June 2010 newspaper The New York Times date 1 December 1990 ref In Poverty in the United States an encyclopedia of history, politics, and policy , the book is described as a definitive text on poverty in Appalachia among journalists, academics, and government bureaucrats concerned with economic inequality in America. ref name Poverty in the United States an encyclopedia of history, politics, and policy, Volume 1 cite book last Ronald D. first Eller title Poverty in the United States an encyclopedia of history, politics, and policy, Volume 1 year 2004 publisher ABC CLIO isbn 1576075974 pages 507 url http books.google.com books?id 40Zv8DC4g38C&pg PA507&dq Night Comes To The Cumberlands&lr &cd 3 v onepage&q Night 20Comes 20To 20The 20Cumberlands&f false editor Gwendolyn Mink, Alice O Connor accessdate 2 June 2010 ref References reflist Category 1962 books Category Cultural studies books Category Sociology books Category Poverty in the United States Category 1960s in the United States Category Works about Appalachia ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Hairy Alumroot image Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa Purple Form Plant 2400px.JPG image caption regnum Plant ae divisio Flowering plant Magnoliophyta classis Magnoliopsida ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Heuchera species H. villosa binomial Heuchera villosa Heuchera villosa , the Hairy Alumroot , is a small evergreen Perennial plant perennial native to Appalachia. and the Northeastern, Southeastern, and parts of Central United States.. Heuchera villosa is cultivated, with colored leaf selections available, for gardens. Image Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa Purple Form Leaf 1900px.JPG left thumb Leaf of Heuchera villosa Purple Form External links http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol HEVI2 USDA PLANTS PLANTS Profile Heuchera villosa hairy alumroot http www.mobot.org gardinghelp plantfinder Plant.asp?code A341 Heuchera villosa Autumn Bride Category Heuchera villosa Category Flora of Appalachia United States Category Flora of the Northeastern United States Category Flora of the Southeastern United States Category Flora of Maryland Category Medicinal plants Category Garden plants of North America Category Perennials Saxifragaceae stub ... more details
Use mdy dates date September 2011 ArticlePair List of 1999 ballet premieres List of 2001 ballet premieres class wikitable sortable title choreographer composer company venue date Appalachia Waltz ballet Appalachia Waltz Miriam Mahdaviani Edgar Meyer and Mark O Connor New York City Ballet New York State Theater Wednesday, June 20th The Car Man Bourne The Car Man Matthew Bourne Rodion Shchedrin Adventures In Motion Pictures Theatre Royal, Plymouth Tuesday, May 16th Mercurial Manoeuvres Christopher Wheeldon Dmitri Shostakovich New York City Ballet New York State Theater Friday, April 28th Tributary ballet Tributary Robert La Fosse and Robert Garland Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart New York City Ballet New York State Theater Thursday, May 25th Triptych ballet Triptych Christopher d Amboise B la Bart k New York City Ballet New York State Theater Wednesday, June 7th DEFAULTSORT 2000 ballet premieres, List of Ballet Category 2000 ballet premieres 2000 ballet premieres, List of Category Lists of ballet premieres by year Category Lists of 2000s ballet premieres ... more details
Coord 36 53 47.9 N 82 47 19.9 W display title Bee Rock Tunnel is a former railroad tunnel that is located in Appalachia, Virginia . It is widely known as the world s shortest railroad tunnel. Fact date May 2009 The tunnel is 47 feet, 7 inches long. It is 1 foot, 7 inches longer than the shortest tunnel, Westmoreland Tunnel, in Gallatin, Tennessee. Image AppalachiaMiners.jpg thumb right 250px An old photograph of Bee Rock Tunnel References cite book title As We Were Memories of Appalachia and Her Surrounding Coal Camps author James, Emma W. publisher Professional Press year 1993 id http www.railpictures.net articles article.php?id 1 http www.virginia.org site features.asp?featureid 412 http www.wisecountychamber.org tourism.htm http www.wisevahistoricalsoc.org places to visit in wise county.htm http www.rootsweb.ancestry.com vahsswv attractions.html http www.spikesys.com Trains App coal apcl 2a.html http www.virginia.org site description.asp?attrID 15299 http books.google.com books?id BMwwuiHQgA8C&pg PA171&lpg PA171&dq bee rock tunnel&source bl&ots ORHrmOWnvk&sig 6FEAgksR sh1fTvnNOVesrm P2g&hl en&ei 9YW9SbbLGoSGtgerqMz3Cw&sa X&oi book result&resnum 10&ct result Category Railroad tunnels in Virginia Category Buildings and structures in Wise County, Virginia Category Louisville and Nashville Railroad ... more details
Original research date October 2011 Appalachian Americans are Americans living in Appalachia . ref Dwight Billings and David Walls, Appalachians, in Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups , ed. Stephan Thernstrom Harvard University Press, 1980 , pp. 125 128. ref While not an Demographics of the United States official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau , Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own Appalachian English dialect , Appalachia music , Appalachian Granny Magic folklore , and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League . Furthermore many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies . ref Appalachian Studies Association, US Programs in Appalachian Studies http www.appalachianstudies.org syllabi programs.php Appalachian Studies Association Website. 2000 2005. Retrieved July 11, 2009 ref The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly due in opposition to the common use of hillbilly derogatory term s still used to describe people of the region. References Reflist See also Appalachian Trail Appalachian Studies Association Bluegrass music Category Ethnic groups in the United States ... more details
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