Infobox language familycolor Isolate name Aquitanian states France , Spain region West of the Pyrenees ... Vasconic iso3 xaq Image Prehispanic languages.gif thumb 300px Aquitanianlanguage A1 A2 in the context ... works on Aquitanian, ref Gorrochategi 1984, 1993 ref and Mitxelena have pointed the similarities of some Iberian language Iberian onomastic elements with Aquitanian. In particular, Mitxelena spoke ... jrr ib8b en.htm AquitanianLanguage by Jes s Rodr guez Ramos Category Extinct languages of Europe ... after the Second Punic War ca 200 BC , Associa o Campo Arqueol gico de Tavira ref The Aquitanianlanguage was spoken in ancient Novempopulania Aquitaine approximately between the Pyrenees and the Garonne ... that it was a Vasconic languages Vasconic language or group of languages that represent a precursor of the Basque language . ref name Trask Larry Trask Trask, L. The History of Basque Routledge ... which contain about 400 personal names and 70 names of gods. History Aquitanian and its related ... but also controversial conclusion. Aquitanian origins may be traced more or less directly to the Chalcolithic Artenacian culture culture of Artenac . Basque itself appears to be a language from the age ... names Almost all the Aquitanian inscriptions had been found at the north of the Pyrenees in the territory ... with other languages Most Aquitanian onomastic elements are clearly identifiable from a Basque perspective ... Basque class wikitable Aquitanian Proto Basque Basque Basque meaning style background whitesmoke adin ... en escritura meridional, pod an tomar componentes de nombre propios. ref from which both Aquitanian and Iberian would have drawn class wikitable Iberian Aquitanian style background whitesmoke ... more marginal theories see Basque language Hypotheses on connections with other languages Basque language ... 300px In red the Neolithic Europe pre Indo European tribes that might have spoken Aquitanian, Basque ... by tribes of horsemen who Caesar said were very distinct in customs and language from the Celts of Gaul ... more details
Aquitanian could refer to Aquitanian age , a geological age, the first stage of the Miocene Epoch Aquitanianlanguage , an ancient language spoken in the region later known as Gascony Anything originating from Aquitaine , a region of France . Disambig ... more details
Neogene The Aquitanian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy ICS geologic timescale , the oldest age geology age or lowest stage stratigraphy stage in the Miocene . It spans the time between 23.03 0.05 annum Ma and 20.43 0.05 Ma million years ago and is a dry, cooling period. ref Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences ref The Aquitanian succeeds the Chattian the youngest age of the Oligocene and precedes the Burdigalian . The Aquitanian age overlaps with the Harrisonian , Agenian , Pareora , Landon , Otaian , and Waitakian ages from various regional timescales. Stratigraphic definition The Aquitanian stage was named after the region Aquitaine in France and was introduced in scientific literature by Switzerland Swiss stratigrapher Karl Mayer Eymar in 1858. The base of the Aquitanian also the base of the Miocene series stratigraphy series and the Neogene system stratigraphy system is defined as the place in the stratigraphic column at the first appearance of foram species Paragloborotalia Paragloborotalia kugleri , the extinction of calcareous nannoplankton species Reticulofenestra Reticulofenestra bisecta which forms the base of nannoplankton biozone NN1 , and the base of magnetic chronozone C6Cn.2n. The official GSSP for the Aquitanian stage lies in the Lemme Carrioso section near the small village of Carrioso north of Genoa in northern Italy . ref The Aquitanian GSSP was established by Steininger et al. 1997 ref The top of the Aquitanian stage the base of the Burdigalian is at the first appearance of foram species Globigerinoides Globigerinoides altiaperturus and the top of magnetic chronozone C6An. References Footnotes Reflist Literature aut Gradstein, F.M. Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G. 2004 A Geologic Time Scale 2004 , Cambridge University Press . aut Mayer Eymar, K. 1858 Versuch einer neuen Klassifikation der Terti r Gebilde ... bak geowhen stages Aquitanian.html GeoWhen Database Aquitanian http stratigraphy.science.purdue.edu ... more details
The Consorts of Aquitaine were the spouses of the Duke of Aquitaine Aquitanian Monarchs . They were mostly Duchess but other held the titles Lady or Queen. Early Frankish Duchesses Image Mort de Chramn.jpg thumbnail 105px right Death of Chramn and his family Chalde of Orl ans , daughter of Duke Count Wilichaire, wife of Chram , killed by Chlothar I Chlothar , King of the Franks Tetradia , daughter of a noblewoman and a peasant, wife of Desiderius of Aquitaine Desiderius , Unnamed wife Odo the Great Eudes , mother of Hunald of Aquitaine Hunald I Unnamed wife Hunald of Aquitaine Hunald I , mother of Waifer of Aquitaine Waifer List of Frankish queens Frankish queen of Aquitaine Merovingian dynasty , 629 632 width 95 class wikitable width 8 Picture width 10 Name width 9 Father width 10 Birth width 9 Marriage width 9 Became Queen width 9 Ceased to be Queen width 9 Death width 6 Kings of Aquitaine Spouse align center align center Gisela of Gascony ? align center small Amand of Gascony small align center ? align center ? align center 18 October 629 br husband s accession align center 8 April 632 br husband s death align center ? align center rowspan 2 Charibert II align center align center Fulberte ? align center ? align center ? align center ? align center ? align center ? align center ? align center colspan 9 Kingdom passed to Neustria and Burgundy in 632 dukes were appointed to Aquitaine Carolingian dynasty , 778 877 width 95 class wikitable width 8 Picture width 10 Name width 9 Father width 10 Birth width 9 Marriage width 9 Became Queen width 9 Ceased to be Queen width 9 Death width 6 Kings of Aquitaine Spouse align center align center Ingeltrude of Madrie align center small Theodobert, Count of Madrie small align center ? align center colspan 2 c. 822 align center ? align center ? align center Pepin I of Aquitaine Pepin I Duchess of Aquitaine Ramnulfids Ramnulfid House of Poitiers 1st time , 852&ndash 893 width 95 class wikitable width 8 Picture width 10 Name width 9 Father ... more details
On Language was a regular column in the weekly New York Times Magazine on the English language discussing popular etymology , new or unusual usages, and other language related topics. The inaugural column was published on February 18, 1979 and it was a regular popular feature. Many of the columns were collected in books. Columnist and journalist William Safire was one of the most frequent contributors from the inception of the column until Safire s death in 2009. He wrote the inaugural On Language column in 1979. ref http www.nytimes.com 2009 10 11 magazine 11FOB onlanguage t.html New York Times On Language The Maven, Nevermore about Safire s legacy ref starting it with the greeting How do you do. This is a new column about language. In more than 30 years, he contributed more than 1300 installments to the column. Safire was succeeded by Ben Zimmer , who wrote the column until its final edition on February 25, 2011. ref http www.nytimes.com 2011 02 27 magazine 27fob onlanguage t.html New York Times On Language The Future Tense ref About the cancellation of the column, the incoming editor of New York Times Magazine Hugo Lindgren explained this and other changes to the magazine It is mine now. I m in charge. We re going to be doing some significant redesign work, and have a newish magazine by the end of January. The big thing is, I want to create a kind of new identity for the front of the book section. That doesn t mean that everything s being tossed out. We re looking at everything and evaluating what sort of fits. ref http nymag.com daily intel 2010 11 new times magazine editor hugo.html New York Magazine New Times Magazine Editor Hugo Lindgren on His Plans Big Subjects, More T, and the End of The Way We Live Now ref References Reflist External links http topics.nytimes.com topics features magazine columns on language index.html A collection of On Language columns published in The New York Times DEFAULTSORT On Language Category English language Category The New York ... more details
About the properties of language in general other uses Language disambiguation File Lakhovsky Conversation.jpg ... Cuneiform is one of the first known forms of written language , but spoken language is believed to predate writing by tens of thousands of years at least. Language may refer either to the specifically ... of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses ... salient examples, but natural language s can also be based on visual rather than auditory stimulus physiology stimuli , for example in sign language s and written language . Code s and other kinds of constructed language artificially constructed communication systems such as those used for programming language computer programming can also be called languages. A language in this sense is a system ... ultimately from Latin lingua , language, tongue , via Old French . ref name AHD cite encyclopedia title language encyclopedia The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language edition 3rd year 1992 location Boston publisher Houghton Mifflin Company ref When used as a general concept, language .... Language as a communication system is thought to be fundamentally different from and of much ... a finite number of elements. Language is thought to have originated when early hominids first started ... with an increase in brain volume, and many linguists see the structures of language as having evolved to serve specific communicative functions. Language is neurolinguistics processed in many ... Wernicke s area s. Humans language acquisition acquire language through social interaction in early childhood, and children generally speak fluently when they are around three years old. The use of language ... identity , social stratification and for social grooming and entertainment . The word language ... from sequences of words. Languages language change evolve and diversify over time, and the history ... of languages that descend from a common ancestor is known as a language family . The languages ... more details
Infobox language name To nativename states Cameroon , Central African Republic ethnicity speakers none date NA ref e16 familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Mbum Day languages Mbum Day fam4 Mbum languages Mbum fam5 unclassified iso3 toz To is an unclassified Mbum languages Mbum language of northern Cameroon and the Central African Republic . It is only used as a second language , as the secret male initiation language of the Gbaya people Gbaya . References reflist Category Languages of Cameroon Category Adamawa languages Category Initiation languages Cameroon stub ... more details
Infobox Language name Are states Papua New Guinea region Milne Bay Province , tip of Cape Vogel speakers 1,230 familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western fam5 Papuan Tip languages Papuan Tip fam6 Kilivila nowrap Nuclear Papuan Tip fam7 Are Taupota languages Are Taupota fam8 Are languages Are iso3 mwc The Are language is an Austronesian language of the eastern Papua New Guinea n mainland, It s spoken by about 1,230 people. External links ethnologue mwc Category Nuclear Papuan Tip languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea PapuaNewGuinea stub au lang stub fr Are langue hr Are jezik is Are ... more details
Infobox language name Then states CHN region Pingtang County , southern Guizhou speakers 15,000 date 1999 ethnicity familycolor Tai Kadai fam2 Kam Sui languages Kam Sui iso3 tct The Then language also known as Y nghu ng in Chinese alternate spellings T en and Ten is a Kam Sui language spoken in Pingtang County , southern Guizhou . Phonology Yanghuang has 71 consonants total, including those with secondary articulation s. There are a total of 71 rhymes, 9 vowels, and 8 codas Bo 1997 . References Reflist Bo, Wenze. 1997. Yanghuang yu yan jiu A Study of Yanghuang Then . Beijing Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she. External links http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian language.php?id 719 Then word list from the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database Tai Kadai languages Category Languages of China Category Kam Sui languages tk lang stub fr T en ... more details
of France and Spain . AquitanianlanguageAquitanian is commonly regarded as related to or a direct ...Refimprove date August 2008 A language isolate , in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable ... demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. They are in effect language family language families consisting of a single language. Commonly cited examples include Basque language Basque , Ainu language Ainu and Burushaski language Burushaski , though in each case a minority of linguists claim to have demonstrated a relationship with other languages. With context, a language isolate may be understood to be relatively isolated. For instance, Albanian language Albanian , Armenian language Armenian and Greek language Greek ref Pyles, T. & Algeo, J. 1993 . The Origins and development of the English language. Fort Worth. Jovanovich ref are commonly called Indo European ... of their own. Similarly, within the Romance languages, Sardinian language Sardinian is a relative ... have become isolates after all their known relatives became extinct. The Pirah language of Brazil ... Basque language Basque , have been isolates for as long as their existence has been documented. The opposite ... Japanese dialects , such as Okinawan language Okinawan , were distinct languages. Language isolates may be seen as a special case of unclassified language s, that remain unclassified even after extensive efforts. If such efforts eventually do prove fruitful, a language previously considered an isolate may no longer be considered one, as happened with the Yanyuwa language of northern Australia , which ... agree on whether a genetic relationship has been demonstrated, it is often disputed whether a language ... in the world today into a relatively small number of language family families , according to reconstructed descent from common ancestral languages. For example, English language English is related to other Indo European languages and Mandarin language Mandarin is related to other Sino Tibetan languages ... more details
relatives are attested. The Aquitanianlanguage , spoken in Roman times, may have been an ancestor ...See also List of language families File Human Language Families Map.PNG 550px thumb Principal language ... Template Distribution of languages in the world Distribution of languages in the world . A language family is group of language s related through Genetic linguistics descent from a common ancestor, called the proto language of that family. The term family comes from the tree model of language origination ... , accessed 08 June 2010, ISBN 978 1 55671 216 6 ref A living language is simply one that is in wide ... s definition of language , and in particular on how one classifies dialect s. There are also many Language death dead and Extinct language extinct languages. Membership of languages in the same language family is established by comparative linguistics . Daughter language s are said to have a genetic ... as traditional. ref cite book title Lectures on the science of language delivered at the Royal ... is observable shared characteristics that are not attributed to Language contact borrowing . Genealogically related languages present shared retentions, that is, features of the proto language or reflexes of such features that cannot be explained by chance or loanword borrowing Language convergence convergence . Membership in a branch or group within a language family is established by shared ... and grammatical features that are not believed to have been present in Proto Indo European language ... the case of biological nomenclature, every level of language relationship is commonly called a family ... , and Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian language families are branches of a larger Indo European languages Indo European language family. Subdivision Language families can be divided into smaller phylogenetic units, conventionally referred to as branches of the family because the history of a language ... superfamily is sometimes applied to proposed groupings of language families whose status as phylogenetic ... more details
. This language is generally referred to as AquitanianlanguageAquitanian and is assumed to have been ... language Iberian another ancient language once spoken in the peninsula, shows several similarities with AquitanianlanguageAquitanian and Basque. However, there is not enough evidence to distinguish ... interference following language shift from AquitanianlanguageAquitanian or Basque to a Romance ...Refimprove date May 2011 Infobox language name Basque nativename Euskara familycolor Isolate states ESP ... script Latin Basque alphabet family Language isolate nation flag Basque Country br Flag Navarre agency ... language corrected .JPG thumb 240px Family transmission of Basque language Basque as initial language File Irakatsia.png thumb 240px Percentage of students registered in Basque language schools 2000 2005 . Image Basque Country Location Map.svg thumb 300px Location of the Basque language provinces within Spain and France Basque endonym lang eu Euskara , IPA eu eus ka a IPA is the ancestral language ... are heavily populated by ethnic Basques, but the Euskara language had, at least until the 1990s ... the name Basses Pyr n es , a name which persisted until 1970. A standardized form of the Basque language, called Standard Basque Euskara Batua , was developed by the Euskaltzaindia Basque Language Academy in the late 1960s. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used and easily ... main use nowadays. The role of this standard Basque language depends on the linguistic educational ... D, where all subjects are taught in Basque, except Spanish language and literature which is taught ... language school Seaska and the association for a bilingual Basque and French schooling Ikasbi meet a wide range of Basque language educational needs up to the Sixth Form, while often struggling to surmount ... boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Names of the language In Basque, the name of the language is officially Euskara alongside various Basque dialects Dialectal divergence dialect ... more details
languageAquitanian or Basque language Basque . This has been explained by Vascologists like Mitxelena ... of some sort between Iberian and AquitanianlanguageAquitanian , a precursor ...For other uses Languages of Iberia Infobox language name Iberian states Modern Spain and France region ... xib notice IPA The Iberian language was the language of a people identified by Ancient Greece Greek ... and 1st century BC. The Iberian language, like all the other Paleohispanic languages except Basque, became extinct language extinct by the 1st to 2nd centuries AD, after being gradually replaced by Latin . Iberian is speculated to be a language isolate , but while its different scripts have been deciphered to various extents, the language itself remains largely unknown. Links with other languages have been claimed, especially the Basque language , but they have not been clearly demonstrated to the satisfaction ... ang.jpg 300px right thumb Iberian language in the context of paleohispanic languages The Iberian language ... language inscriptions reached the south of France up to the H rault river . Important written ... the exact distribution of the Iberian language inscriptions is uncertain. It seems that the culture ... language Ausetani northeastern Catalonia , Ilergetes Lleida province Lleida and Huesca province ... . Turduli and Turdetani are believed to be of Tartessian language . For some scholars, such as Velaza 2006 , Iberian could have been the language spoken by the autochthonous population of these territories ... of paleohispanic scripts The origin of the language is unknown. Although Iberian ceased to be written ... six hundred signs. Three different scripts have remained for the Iberian language Northeastern Iberian ... language. The inscriptions that use the Greco Iberian alphabet have been found mainly in Alicante ... about Iberian. The investigation of the language is past its initial phase of transcription and compiling ... language Basque and Spanish language Spanish also have such systems. Although 5 vowel systems ... more details
, these early links proposing a link to a Aquitanianlanguage precursor of modern Basque have been ...Expand Italian Lingua sarda fa yes topic geo date January 2012 Infobox language name Sardinian nativename ... language to branch off agency Limba Sarda Comuna code nation flagcountry Sardinia minority ITA iso1 sc iso2 srd iso3 srd lc1 sro lc2 src ld1 Campidanese language Campidanese ld2 Logudorese language Logudorese ... pd & pe map Sardinia Language Map.png mapcaption Languages and dialects of Sardinia notice IPA Sardinian lang sc sardu, limba lingua sarda , lang it sardo, lingua sarda is a Romance language spoken and written on most of the island of Sardinia Italy . It is considered the most conservative language conservative of the Romance languages in terms of phonology and is noted for its Paleosardinian language Paleosardinian substratum . Since 1997 Sardinian has been an official language on the island, together with other languages spoken there. It is a co official language, jointly with Italian language ... A Smoking ban no smoking sign in both Sardinian and Italian language Italian . The Sardinian language ... to studying the language and acknowledging its importance the recognition of the Sardinian language ... language has recently been recognised, together with other local languages, as an official regional language by the Sardinia Sardinian Region it can therefore be used for official purposes on the island. In the last decade, the Sardinian language has been legally recognized with Albanian language Albanian , Catalan language Catalan , German language German , Greek language Greek , Slovene language Slovene , Croatian language Croatian , French language French , Franco Proven al language Franco ... language are still grouped under the labels Linguistica italiana Italian linguistics , Dialetti ... legal recognition as a different language . Despite the political campaigns launched in order to put ... Sardinian language use survey url http www.uoc.edu euromosaic web document sard an e1 e1.html publisher ... more details
So language may refer to So language Democratic Republic of Congo , a Bantu language S language , a Katuic language Mon Khmer of Laos and Thailand Swo language , a Bantu language of Cameroon disambiguation ... more details
Boro language may refer to Bodo language , a Tibeto Burman language spoken in India, official language of Assam state Boro language Ghana , an extinct and unclassified language of Ghana Boro language Ethiopia , an Omotic language of Ethiopia disambig ko ... more details
saved book title Language subtitle cover image cover color White Language Overview Language Origin of language Core topics Alphabet Communication Dialect Expression language Expression Semiotics Speech Sublanguage Universal grammar Vocabulary Study of language Linguistics Historical linguistics Logos Philology Philosophy of language Types of languages Animal language Alien language Constructed language Controlled natural language Extinct language Formal language International auxiliary languageLanguage family Mathematics as a language Natural language Programming language Second language Sign language Visual language Whistled language Miscellany Cultural emphasis Information and media literacy Language preservation Language production Linguistic competence Linguistic performance Speech production Speech repetition World languages Indo European languages English language Languages of Spain Spanish languages Russian language Hindi Hindi language Swedish language Latin Latin language Bengali language Portuguese language Japanese language Hebrew language Arabic language Standard Mandarin Less commonly taught languages Tamil language Nafaanra language Turkish language Wagiman language Mongolian language Indigenous languages of the Americas Greenlandic language Ottawa language Mayan languages Nahuatl Otomi language ... more details
wiktionary target language Target language may refer to Target language, in applied linguistics and language education, the language which a person is learning, also called second language Target language, in translation , the language to which a source text is translated Target language, in computer science, the computer language that a compiler translates into source code See also Source language disambig Category Language acquisition Category Language education Category Translation Category Compilers mk zh ... more details
Lele is the name of four different languages Lele language Chad , an Afro Asiatic language Lele language Democratic Republic of the Congo , a Bantu language Lele language Guinea , a Mande language Lele language Papua New Guinea , an Austronesian language The Ly l language of Burkina Faso also goes by the form Lele . disambig ... more details
Han language may refer to H n language , an endangered Native American language spoken in Eagle, Alaska and Dawson City, Yukon. Chinese language See also Han disambiguation Language disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
selfref For the Wikipedia language recognition chart, see Wikipedia Language recognition chart Language recognition may refer to Language identification Natural language understanding Speech recognition disambiguation ... more details
Language reconstruction can refer to Linguistic reconstruction , establishing the features of a prehistoric language by the methods of historical linguistics historical and comparative linguistics Linguistic purism in an existing languageLanguage revival of an extinct language disambig ... more details
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