small yes Aratta is a land that appears in Sumerian myth s surrounding Enmerkar and Lugalbanda , two ... literature Aratta is described as follows in Sumerian literature It is a fabulously wealthy place ... them. ref Cohen 1973 p. 55 notes Aratta became a epithet for abundance and glory . ref It is remote and difficult to reach. It is home to the goddess Inana , who transfers her allegiance from Aratta ... of Aratta http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.3 The goddess Inanna resides in Aratta, but Enmerkar of Uruk pleases her more than does the lord of Aratta, who is not named in this epic. Enmerkar wants Aratta to submit to Uruk, bring stones down from the mountain, craft gold ... him send a messenger to Aratta, who ascends and descends the Zubi mountains, and crosses Susa , Anshan, and five, six, seven mountains before approaching Aratta. Aratta in turn wants grain in exchange. However Inana transfers her allegiance to Uruk, and the grain gains the favor of Aratta s people for Uruk, so the lord of Aratta challenges Enmerkar to send a champion to fight his champion. Then the god Ishkur makes Aratta s crops grow. Enmerkar and En suhgir ana http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.4 The lord of Aratta, who is here named En suhgir ana or Ensuhkeshdanna , challenges .... A sorcerer from the recently defeated Hamazi then arrives in Aratta, and offers to make Uruk .... Enmerkar s army travels through mountainous territory to wage war against rebellious Aratta ... of Anshan Persia Anshan and then to Uruk, where Inana helps him. She advises Enmerkar to carry off Aratta s worked metal and metalsmiths and worked stone and stonemasons and all the moulds of Aratta will be his ... Crit&charenc gcirc&lineid t24225.p4 t24225.p4 I filled it with treasures like those of holy Aratta ... Crit&charenc gcirc&lineid t24218.p2 t24218.p2 Aratta, full laden with treasures Proverbs http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk ... of Aratta. Unprovenanced Proverbs http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.6.2.5 ... more details
Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta is a legendary Sumerian language Sumerian account, of preserved, early ... king of Aratta probably somewhere in modern Iran or Armenia . It is also notable for its possible ... &ndash E temple E ana is house of ana , or Temple of Ana . Similarly, the lord of Aratta has himself ... him subject Aratta and make the people of Aratta deliver a tribute of precious metals and gemstones ... of Susa Susin and Anshan Persia Anshan to the lord of Aratta, to demand his submission and his tribute ... the envoy, along with his specific threats to destroy Aratta and disperse its people, if they do ... ra eme nam lu2 ulu3 1 i3 me am2 ref blockquote The messenger arrives in Aratta, reciting this message ... me mythology me , who was reared on the soil of Aratta, who was given suck at the udder of the good cow, who is suited for office in Kulaba. The king of Aratta replies that submission to Uruk is out ... that Inanna has been installed as queen at E ana and has even promised Enmerkar to make Aratta bow to Uruk. Devastated by this news, the lord of Aratta finally gives his response he is more than ... convince him that she has forsaken Aratta and confirm her allegiance to Uruk. The herald returns to Enmerkar bearing this reply, and the next day Enmerkar actually sends the barley to Aratta, along with the herald and another demand to send even more precious stones. The lord of Aratta, in a fit ... this, Enmerkar spends ten years preparing an ornate sceptre, then sends it to Aratta with his messenger. This frightens the lord of Aratta, who now sees that Inanna has indeed forsaken him, but he ... this challenge, while increasing his demands for the people of Aratta to make a significant offering ... writing on clay tablet tablet s. The herald again traverses the seven mountains to Aratta, with the tablets, and when the king of Aratta tries to read the message, Ishkur , the storm god ... this, the king declares that Inanna has not forsaken the primacy of Aratta after all, and summons his ... more details
Enmerkar and En suhgir ana also known as Enmerkar and Ensuhkeshdanna is text in Sumerian literature appearing as a sequel to Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta , and is second in a series of four accounts describing the contests of Aratta against Enmerkar , lord of Uruk Unug and Kulaba, and his successor Lugalbanda , father of Gilgamesh . Synopsis The name of the Lord of Aratta, which never appeared in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta , is here provided in a brief introduction. Among scholars, the earlier cuneiform reading of this name, Ensuhgirana , still enjoys currency alongside the more recent reading of it as Ensuhkeshdanna . The introduction also gives the name of Ensuhkeshdanna s chief minister, Ansigaria , and Enmerkar s chief minister, Namena tuma . Enmerkar is the Lord of both Unug and Kulaba, described as the city which rises from heaven to earth sic . Following this introduction, the plot opens with Ensuhkeshdanna dictating a message to his envoy, to be taken to Unug, demanding Enmerkar submit to Aratta, and boasting that his connections with the goddess Inanna are superior to those of Enmerkar. The envoy having traveled to Unug and delivered this message, Enmerkar responds that Inanna stays at the temple with him, and that she will not even go to Aratta for five or ten years he responds to Ensuhkeshdanna s boasts with a number of creative sexual taunts of his own even though she is not a duckling, she shrieks like one. When the messenger returns to Aratta with this message, Ensuhkeshdanna is perplexed and feels defeated. His counselors advise him to back off from confrontation with Enmerkar. However, he vows never to submit to Enmerkar, even if Aratta be utterly destroyed. At this point, a sorceror named Urgirinuna comes to Aratta, after his homeland of Hamazi has been vanquished. Urgirinuna promises the chief minister, Ansigaria, that he can make Enmerkar submit to Aratta. Ansigaria agrees to fund this mission, and the sorceror then proceeds to Eresh disam ... more details
mergeto Jiroft culture discuss Talk DESTINATIONPAGE Merger proposal date October 2010 coord 28.5 N 57.8 E display title Konar Sandal is a Bronze Age archaeological site, situated just south of Jiroft , Kerm n Province , Iran . It consists of two mounds a few kilometers apart, called Konar Sandal A and B with a height of 13 and 21 meters, respectively. At Konar Sandal B, a two story, windowed citadel with a base of close to 13.5 hectares was found. The site is associated with the hypothesized Jiroft culture , a 3rd millennium BC culture postulated on the basis of a collection of artifacts confiscated in 2001. The proposition of identifying the site as an independent Bronze Age civilization with its own architecture and language is due to Yousef Majidzadeh , head of the archaeological excavation team in Jiroft since. Majidzadeh speculates they may be the remains of the lost Aratta Kingdom. Other conjectures e.g. Daniel T. Potts, Piotr Steinkeller have connected the site with the obscure city state of Marhashi . Majidzadeh s conclusions have met with skepticism from reviewers. Muscarella 2004 notes that as of August 2004, no excavated artifacts have been reported from Madjidzadeh s excavation that relate or can be compared to the dissimilar, unexcavated objects confiscated in 2001 and published by Majidzadeh in his 2003 Catalogue. See also Shahr i Sokhta Halil River Aratta Marhasi Cities of the Ancient Near East References reflist O. W. Muscarella, Jiroft and Jiroft Aratta A Review Article of Yousef Madjidzadeh, Jiroft The Earliest Oriental Civilization 2004 External links http www.saudiaramcoworld.com issue 200405 what.was.jiroft..htm saudiaramcoworld.com What Was Jiroft? 2004 http www.konarsandal.com KONAR SANDAL TELECOM is the name of a major Mobile Phone Company in Iran Kerman Province Category Archaeological sites in Iran Category Bronze Age sites Category Former populated places in Iran Category Kerman Province es Konar Sandal fr Konar Sandal ru ... more details
instructing Enmerkar how to wrest control of Aratta and its resources. References reflist See also Sumerian Literature Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta Enmerkar and En suhgir ana Lugalbanda in the Mountain ... more details
Mesopotamian myth heroes Enmerkar , according to the Sumerian king list , was the builder of Uruk in Sumer , and was said to have reigned for 420 years some copies read 900 years . The king list adds that Enmerkar brought the official kingship with him from the city of E ana after his father Mesh ki ang gasher , son of Utu , had entered the sea and disappeared. Enmerkar is also known from a few other Sumerian legends, most notably Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta , where a previous confusion of the languages of mankind is mentioned. In this account, it is Enmerkar himself who is called the son of Utu the Sumerian sun god . Aside from founding Uruk, Enmerkar is said here to have had a temple built at Eridu , and is even credited with the invention of writing on clay tablets, for the purpose of threatening Aratta into submission. Enmerkar furthermore seeks to restore the disrupted linguistic unity of the inhabited regions around Uruk, listed as Shubur , Hamazi , Sumer , Uri ki the region around Akkad , and the Amorite Martu land. Three other texts in the same series describe Enmerkar s reign. In Enmerkar and En suhgir ana , while describing Enmerkar s continued diplomatic rivalries with Aratta, there is an allusion to Hamazi having been vanquished. In Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave , Enmerkar is seen leading a campaign against Aratta. The fourth and last tablet, Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird Lugalbanda and the Anzu Bird , describes Enmerkar s year long siege of Aratta. It also mentions that fifty years into Enmerkar s reign, the Martu people had arisen in all of Sumer and Akkad, necessitating the building of a wall in the desert to protect Uruk. In these last two tablets, the character of Lugalbanda is introduced as one of Enmerkar s war chiefs. According to the Sumerian king list, it was this Lugalbanda the shepherd who eventually succeeded Enmerkar to the throne of Uruk. Lugalbanda is also named as the father of Gilgamesh , a later king of Uruk , in both Sumerian an ... more details
literary narratives including the four of Enmerkar Aratta cycle and five known Gilgamesh stories, Lugalbanda ... Michalowski, p.17 ref References reflist See also Sumerian Literature Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta ... more details
Arata may refer to Arata actor , a Japanese actor Aratta , an ancient state May refer to a unique Hawaiian Style Sushi Bar in Big Sky Montana Names Arata, an Italian surname particularly from Genoa Arata, a Japanese name surname or given name Hamao Arata 1849 1925 , Japanese politician and educator Yoshiaki Arata born 1923 , Japanese fusion power researcher Arata Isozaki born 1931 , Japanese architect Arata Furuta born 1965 , Japanese actor Michael Arata born 1966 , American actor and film producer Tamanoshima Arata born 1977 , Japanese sumo wrestler Arata Kodama born 1982 , Japanese football player Arata Kochi , Japanese physician and public health expert Arata Wata, Iranaon geeky musician Arata Dazai, Japanese fictional character used in the game, SA MP San Andreas Multiplayer, also often used on portals. Fiction Arata Kangatari , a Japanese manga by Yuu Watase DEFAULTSORT Arata dab Category Surnames Category Japanese masculine given names de Arata ... more details
Hamazi or Khamazi Sumerian language Sumerian a ma zi sup ki sup ref http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text c.2.1.1&display Crit&charenc gcirc The Sumerian King List . Accessed 15 Dec 2010. ref was an ancient kingdom or city state of some importance that reached its peak ca. 2500 2400 BC. Its exact location is unknown, but is thought to have been located in the western Zagros mountains roughly between Elam and Assyria , possibly near Nuzi or modern Hamadan . Hamazi first came to the attention of archaeologists with the discovery of a vase with an inscription in very archaic cuneiform commemorating the victory of Utug or Uhub , an early king of Kish Sumer Kish , over this place, causing fringe theorist Laurence Waddell in 1929 to speculate that it was to be identified with Carchemish in Syria . It is now generally considered to have been somewhere in the vicinity of the Diyala River Diyala . One of the earliest references to Hamazi is found in the epic Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta , where Enmerkar prays to Enki about the confusion of languages in the various inhabited lands, at the time of the building of the ziggurat s in Eridu and Uruk . Hamazi is the only land mentioned in this prayer with the epithet many tongued . A sequel, Enmerkar and En suhgir ana also mentions that the sorceror of Hamazi, Urgirinuna, went to Aratta after Hamazi had been destroyed he is later sent by the Lord of Aratta on a failed mission attempting to bring Enmerkar into submission. According to the Sumerian king list , king Hadanish of Hamazi held hegemony over Sumer after defeating Kish, but was in turn defeated by Enshakushanna of Uruk . A clay tablet found in the archives at Ebla in Syria bears a copy of a diplomatic message sent from king Irkab Damu of Ebla to king Zizi of Hamazi, along with a large quantity of wood, hailing him as a brother, and requesting him to send mercenaries in exchange. Hamazi was one of the provinces of Ur under the reign of Amar Sin during the Ur ... more details
unreferenced date September 2011 Inania is a surname Shakha gotra of the Dadheech Brahmins , Jat people Jat community or other communities of rajasthan, India, found in Districts Barmer , Nagaur , Jaipur in Rajasthan Ratlam district in Madhya Pradesh . This gotra shakaha gets name after the village Inana of Mundwa tehsil of Nagur District from where they spread to other places. Inania means one who is from inana village. Inanna Sumerian goddess Inanna is the Sumer ian goddess of sexual love, fertility, and warfare. The Akkadians called her Ishtar . As early as the Uruk period ca. 4000 to 3100 BC it would appear Inanna was associated with the city of Uruk . In historic times, Susa was the primary capital of the Elam ite Empire. Its name in Elamite was written variously u an, u un, etc. The city appears in the very earliest Sumerian records, eg. in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta it is described as one of the places obedient to Inanna , patron deity of Uruk . References reflist Gotras of Jats Category Jat clans Category Jat clans of Rajasthan Category Jat clans of Madhya Pradesh India ethno stub sv Jater I ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2009 Namshub , scientific transliteration nam ub , is the Sumerian language Sumerian word for an incantation or self fulfilling prophecy . The concept was popularized by Neal Stephenson s novel Snow Crash . Meaning and nuances Various nam ub have been used in Sumerian Mythology, primarily by the Annunaki Gods , for various purposes. As is noted in Snow Crash , most of the uses correspond to mental or psychological changes, as opposed to changes in the physical world, which in the context of the book implies that it is an early form of Neuro linguistic programming NLP . Some examples are its use in Enki and Innana and the Me mythology Me , in which a nam ub is used to alternately command Nuddimud in this myth a servant of Enki , not a pseudonym for Enki himself and make him forget the commands by Innana , and in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta , which contains the best known nam ub the Nam ub of Nuddimud, written in Snow Crash as The Namshub of Enki . Transliteration The letter is used in Sumerian language Consonants modern scientific transliteration of Sumerian for the consonant phoneme generally thought to have been Voiceless postalveolar fricative IPA . Neal Stephenson, drawing on the works of Samuel Kramer as a source including his translation of The Namshub of Enki , used the Anglicised transliteration sh for this sound compare Gilgamesh , Lagash , Shulgi . The occasionally encountered spelling namcub is a workaround to accommodate Unicode incapable systems which cannot handle the letter . Category Prophecy ... more details
Merge Akkadian literature target Mesopotamian literature discuss Talk Sumerian literature Merge date November 2011 History of literature2 File Sumerian 26th c Adab.jpg thumb left Sumerian inscription on a ceramic stone plaque. Sumerian literature is the literature written in the Sumerian language during the Middle Bronze Age . Most Sumerian literature is preserved indirectly, via Assyria n or Babylonia n copies. The Sumer ians invented the first History of writing writing system, developing Sumerian cuneiform writing out of earlier proto writing systems by about the 30th century BCE. The earliest literary texts appear from about the 27th century BCE. The Sumerian language remained in official and literary use in the Akkadian empire Akkadian and Babylonian empire Babylonian empires, even after the spoken language disappeared from the population literacy was widespread, and the Sumerian texts that students copied heavily influenced later Babylonian literature . Sumerian literature has not been handed down to us directly, rather it has been rediscovered through archaeology . Nevertheless, the Akkad ians and Babylonia ns borrowed much from the Sumerian literary heritage, and spread these traditions throughout the Middle East, influencing much of the literature that followed in this region. Literary works Important works include A Sumerian creation myth Creation and Flood Myth http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.7.4 translation Three epic cycles Two Enmerkar legends Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.3 translation Enmerkar and En suhgir ana http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.4 translation Two tales of Lugalbanda during Enmerkar s campaign against Aratta Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.1 translation Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.8.2.2 translation Five stories in the G ... more details
Kingdom Madra , belonging to the category of Aratta Vahikas How can one go to heaven, having drunk milk ... the mountains, there among the Aratta Vahikas, no respectable person should dwell even for two days ... always avoid. The regions are called by the name of Aratta s. The people residing there are called ... more details
Aid. The initial target for aid was the Aratta centre for children and families Aratta, for short ... with only one British town. The work with Aratta continued, and work was also done with the Our ... group and a major partner of Aid Convoy http www.aratta.iatp.org.ua Aratta &ndash Ukrainian charity ... more details
Adamanduga dialogue in Sumerian language Sumer is a Sumer and Akkadian literature Akkadian literatural genre, a kind of disputes. It was formed in the 3rd millennium BC . It was used in the Neo Assyrian Empire between the 9th century BC 9th and the 7th century BC also. Sumerian literature It is used predominantly for the description of mythology mythological stories. It describes the beginning of the Earth s history. Then it depicts the beginning of the two fundamentum of the human culture. Dialogues are always between two new achievements. These are personalised. Both describe itself as the better one. It cites its value, beauty usefulness. At the end of the poem one of the Sumerian religion The Pantheon Gods usually Enlil decides who says right things. It was the first literature genre where humans were the rederencefor the judging of human society in the history of Mesopotamia . Its dialogues take place somewhere in Edubba . Philosophy Philosophical speculations also can be found around mythological descriptions. There are some Summer adamandugas which survived this long period. These are for example U and Ezinu Enesh and Enten Hummar and Plough Wood and Reed Bird and Fish Tammuz and Enkimdu. Source of the genre is in the Edubba literature. It includes ethical, pedagogy pedagogical writings. Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta shares a lot of characteristic features with this and genre embedded to an epic poetry epos . It converged to the fabula in a Summer Akkad bilingual writing. It included dogs, wolves, lions and foxes also. Akkadian literature There are few disputes in the genre of adamanduga in the Akkad literature. Main theme of these poetries were the relationship between human and the society instead of human and environment. Most vital parts of adamandugas were its special characters personalisation of plants and animals. There were violent fights between them. Most important poems are Tamariskus and the Date Palm Ox and the Horse. These had major influence ... more details
people number many bastards among them. There is no food and no milk that they do not take. The Aratta ... after issuing from the mountains, there among the Aratta Vahikas, no respectable person should dwell ... a single night there. The regions are called by the name of Aratta s. The people residing there are called ... Kingdom Gandharas , the Aratta s, those called Khasa Kingdom Khasas , the Vasatis, the Sindhu ... a brahmana all the others, falling off from virtue, act as they like. 8,45 Family inheritance in Aratta ... know all this, O Shalya. In former days a chaste woman was abducted by robbers hailing from Aratta . She cursed them. It is for this, O Shalya, that the sister s sons of the Aratta s, and not their own ... non vedic beliefs. Fie on the Aratta s and the people of the country of the five rivers Commencing ... more details
religion Greco Roman goddess Aphrodite or Venus mythology Venus . Myths Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta Inanna has a central role in the myth of Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta . ref Electronic Text Corpus ... theme in the narrative is the rivalry between the rulers of Aratta and Uruk for the heart of Inanna .... The text describes a tension between the cities quote The lord of Aratta placed on his head the golden crown for Inana. But he did not please her like the lord of Kulaba A district in Uruk . Aratta ... for Inanna . ref Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta, Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk 2006 12 19, accessed 2011 03 19, lines 25 32 ref Text Summary The city Aratta is structured as a mirror image of Uruk , only Aratta has natural resources i.e. gold , silver , lapis ... in Uruk with stones from Aratta, and she orders him to find a messenger to cross the Zubi mountains and go to the Lord of Aratta demanding precious metals for the temple. ref Electronic Text Corpus .... He makes his demands, and the Lord of Aratta refuses, saying that Aratta will not submit to Uruk ... 241 ref The Lord of Aratta issues a challenge to Enmerkar to bring barley to Aratta because Aratta is currently ..., the Lord of Aratta will not submit. ref Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk ..., follows. Enermerkar, with the wisdom of Enki succeeds at every task. Eventually, the Lord of Aratta ... etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk 2006 12 19, accessed 2011 03 19, lines 500 514 ref The Lord of Aratta cannot read the text, but the god Ishkur causes rains to end the drought in Aratta. The Lord of Aratta ..., http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk 2006 12 19, accessed 2011 03 19, lines 536 577 ref The champion of Aratta ... of the text is an unclear, but it seems that the city of Uruk is able to access Aratta s resources ... and the Lord of Aratta br Notes See Wikipedia Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes ... more details
, Jiroft and Jiroft Aratta A Review Article of Yousef Madjidzadeh, Jiroft The Earliest Oriental ... Iranica http www.bulletinasiainstitute.org Muscarella BAI15.pdf Jiroft and Jiroft Aratta ... more details
Aratta as a source while the Gudea records mention both the mountain of a um , near Samsat in modern ... found at Keban on the Upper Euphrates. Other, more generic, silver producing areas are Aratta, Dilmun ... to the source of Sumerian lapis lazuli although documents list Aratta , Dilmun, and Melu a in Iran ... more details
The Druhyu s lang sa were a people of Ancient India . They are mentioned in the Rigveda, ref e.g. RV 1.108.8 7.18 8.10.5 6.46.8 ref often together with the Anu tribe. Some early scholars have placed them in the northwestern region. ref Macdonell Keith, Vedic Index 1912, vol. I p. 395 ref The Epic and the Puranas say that they are located in the north that is, Gandhara , and are settled in Gandhara, Aratta and Setu. Vishnu Purana IV.17 The Druhyus were driven out of the land of the seven rivers by Mandhatr and their next king Gandhara settled in a north western region which became known as Gandh ra . The sons of the later Druhyu king Pracetas too settle in the northern ud cya region Bhagavata 9.23.15 16 Visnu 4.17.5 Vayu 99.11 12 Brahmanda 3.74.11 12 and Matsya 48.9. . More recently, scholars have theorised that the Druhyu could be ancestors of Zoroastrian, Iranian, Greek or European peoples, or more likely, the Celtic Druid class ref name Sudhakar Raje India Divine http www.indiadivine.org audarya vedic culture 203103 sanskrit english.html Sanskrit in English ref . Particularly, as the Rg Veda describes this proto Indo European tribe as migrating North ref name Sudhakar Raje India Divine http www.indiadivine.org audarya vedic culture 203103 sanskrit english.html Sanskrit in English ref . Of particular note, vid in Druid comes from the same root as Veda which means knowledge in both cultures ref name Peter Berresford Ellis Hinduism Today http dedanaan.com vedic origins children of danu our druid cousins Our Druid Cousins ref . Evidence from archaeogenetics also support the pan indian origin of the proto indo europeans ref http www.nature.com ejhg journal v18 n4 full ejhg2009194a.html underhill et al. separating post glacial ancestry ref . Notes references References Rig Veda Vishnu Purana David Frawley Frawley David The Rig Veda and the History of India, 2001. Aditya Prakashan , ISBN 81 7742 039 9 Pargiter, F.E. 1922 1979. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition. ... more details
Marha i Mar a i sup KI sup cuneiform , Marhashi , Marhasi , Parhasi , Barhasi in earlier sources Wara e was a 3rd millennium BC polity situated east of Elam , on the Iranian plateau . It is known from Mesopotamian sources, and its precise location has not been identified. An inscription attributed to Lugal Anne Mundu of Adab city Adab albeit in much later copies mentions it among the seven provinces of his empire, between the names of Elam and Gutium . This inscription also recorded that he confronted their governor ENSI ensi , Migir Enlil of Marhashi, who had led a coalition of 13 rebel chiefs against him. It is known that the Awan dynasty Awan kings of Elam were in conflict with a Sumer ian ruler s attempt to seize the market at Warakshe, a kingdom apparently near Elam on the Iranian plateau, rich in luxury products of all types, especially precious stones. During the Akkadian Empire , Warakshe was conquered by Sargon the Great , and king Sidgau of Warakshe, along with Luh ishan of Awan, rebelled unsuccessfully against Rimush , while Hishep ratep of Awan in alliance with Warakshe was defeated by Naram Sin of Akkad Naram Sin . King Shulgi of the Ur III Ur III dynasty gave his daughter Nialimmidashu in marriage to king Libanukshabash of Marhashi in his 26th year, in an attempt to forge an alliance, but this was to prove short lived, for Shulgi s successor Amar Sin records having to campaign against their new king, Arwilukpi. See also List of kings of Persia Warakhshe Kingdom, c.2550 c.1900 BC List of kings of Persia Jiroft culture Meluhha Aratta Hamazi Subartu Literature Potts, D. T., Total prestation in Marhashi Ur relations , Iranica Antiqua 37 2002 . Olmstead, A. T., The Babylonian Empire , The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 1919 , p. 72. Michael Witzel, Substrate Languages in Old Indo Aryan 1.9. The Southern Indus language Meluhhan , EJVS 5 1999 http www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com ejvs0501 ejvs0501b.txt . Bertrand Lafont, The ... more details
for the administrative subdivision Shahdad District Infobox settlement official name Shahdad native name settlement type city image skyline Garden in Shahdad.jpg imagesize image caption Garden in Shahdad pushpin map Iran mapsize 150px coordinates region IR subdivision type List of countries Country subdivision name flag Iran subdivision type1 Provinces of Iran Province subdivision name1 Kerman Province Kerman subdivision type2 Counties of Iran County subdivision name2 Kerman County Kerman subdivision type3 Bakhsh subdivision name3 Shahdad District Shahdad leader title leader name established title established date area total km2 area footnotes population as of 2006 population total 4097 population density km2 auto timezone Iran Standard Time IRST utc offset 3 30 timezone DST Iran Daylight Time IRDT utc offset DST 4 30 coordinates display latd 30 latm 25 lats 03 latNS N longd 57 longm 42 longs 24 longEW E elevation m website area code footnotes Shahdad lang fa , also Romanize d as Shahd d formerly, Khab s ref GEOnet3 3083959 ref is a city in and the capital of Shahdad District , in Kerman County , Kerman Province , Iran . At the 2006 census, its population was 4,097, in 1,010 families. ref IranCensus2006 08 ref Shahdad is the centre of Shahdad district which includes smaller cities and villages such as Sirch, Anduhjerd , Chehar Farsakh, Go diz, Keshit, Ibrahim Abad, Joshan and Dehseif. The driving distance from Kerman city to Shahdad is 95 km. Shahdad is located at the edge of the Dasht e Lut Lut desert. The local climate is hot and dry. The main agricultural produce is Date Palm date fruits. There are many castle castles and caravanserai caravanserais at Shahdad and around. Examples are the Shafee Abaad castle and the Godeez castle. North of town the Aratta Jiroft Civilization civilization village and dwarf humans are said to have existed since 6,000 Before Christ BC . Sharain of emam Zadeh Zeyd, south of town, is the most respected religious site of Sha ... more details
Portal Ancient Near East Mesh ki ang gasher lang sux Latn M ki ga e er , lang sux Latn Me ki a ga er also transliterated Mes Kiag Gasher , Mesh Ki Ang Gasher , Meskiagkasher , Meckiagkacer and variants was a Sumer ian ruler and the founder of the First Dynasty of Uruk and the father of Enmerkar , according to the Sumerian king list . If a historical ruler, he would have flourished in ca. the 28th century BC Early Bronze Age II . In E ana , Me ki a ga er, the son of UTU Utu , became EN cuneiform en and lugal he ruled for 324 variants 325 years. Me ki a ga er entered the sea and disappeared. Enmerkar, the son of Me ki a ga er, the king of Unug , who built Unug variants under whom Unug was built , became king he ruled for 420 years. ref http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.2.1.1 Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature ref E ana E temple house of Anu heaven was the name of the temple to Inanna at Uruk. The entry thus has Mesh ki ang gasher ruling the fortress or castle around which his son would build the city of Uruk, and which was to become the main temple to its patron goddess. Unlike his successors Enmerkar, Lugalbanda , Dumuzid, the Fisherman and Gilgamesh , Mesh ki ang gasher is not known from Sumerian epics or legends besides the King List. His nature as the son of the sun god, the founder of a major dynasty and his mysterious disappearance in the sea give him a mostly mythological flavour. His son Enmerkar is also called son of Utu in the Sumerian legend Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta &mdash where, aside from founding Uruk, Enmerkar is credited with building a temple at Eridu and with the invention of cuneiform script writing . In David Rohl s system of identifications of Bronze Age individuals with characters in the Hebrew Bible , Mesh ki ang gasher corresponds to Biblical Cush Cush . ref Legend Genesis of Civilisation Arrow Books Ltd, London, 1999, pp. 451 452. See also Mizraim . ref S start S bef before First dynasty of Kis ... more details
coord 30 00 42 N 52 24 28 E display title Image Elam Map.jpg frame thumb right Location of Anshan within the Elamite empire. The approximate Bronze Age extension of the Persian Gulf is shown. Anshan lang fa An an , modern Tall i Malyan , northwest of Shiraz , in the Beyza Ramjerd plain , in the province of F rs Province Fars in the Zagros mountains , southwestern Iran , was one of the early capitals of Elam , from the 3rd millennium BC . History Before 1973, when it was identified as Tall i Malyan, ref Reiner, Erica 1973 The Location of An an , Revue d Assyriologie 67, pp. 57 62 cited in Majidzadeh 1976 , Hansman 1985 ref Anshan had been assumed by scholars to be somewhere in the central Zagros mountain range. ref e.g. Gordon 1967 p. 72 note 9. Kermanshah Mallowan 1969 p. 256. Bakhtiari people Bakhtiari territory cited in Mallowan 1985 p. 401, note 1 ref The Elamite city appears to have been quite ancient it makes an appearance in the early Sumerian epic Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta as being en route between Uruk and the legendary Aratta , supposedly around the time writing was developed. At various times, Anshan provided, in its own right, the source for a number of Elamite dynasties that sometimes competed for extent and influence with other prominent Elamite cities. Manishtushu claimed to have subjugated Anshan, but as the Akkadian empire weakened under his successors, the native governor of Susa , Kutik Inshushinak , a scion of the Awan dynasty , proclaimed his independence from Akkad and captured Anshan some scholars have speculated that the name Awan is an alternate form of Anshan . Following this, Gudea of Lagash claimed to have subjugated Anshan, and the Neo Sumerian rulers Shulgi and Shu Sin of Ur are said to have maintained their own governors over the place. However their successor, Ibbi Sin , seems to have spent his reign engaged in a losing struggle to maintain control over Anshan, ultimately resulting in the Elamite sack of Ur in 2004 BC, at w ... more details
, Kshatriyas were seen as priests rather than the Brahmanas 8,40 In the region called Aratta , resides ... , the Madra Kingdom Madras , the Gandharas, the Aratta s, those called Khasa Kingdom Khasas , the Vasatis ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
