File Diagram Reflector ArgunovCassegrain.svg right 250px thumb Light path in a ArgunovCassegraintelescope The ArgunovCassegraintelescope is a Catadioptric system catadioptric telescope design first introduced in 1972 by P. P. Argunov. All optics are spherical , and the classical Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain secondary mirror is replaced by a sub aperture secondary corrector group consisting of three air spaced elements, two lens optics lens es and a Mangin mirror the element farthest from the primary mirror . Argunov systems only employ spherical surfaces and avoid the practical difficulties of making and testing asphere s. However, this seeming benefit is marginal, as it is almost as difficult to make a true, zone free sphere of precise radius of curvature optics radius of curvature as it is to make an asphere of equivalent precision. Citation needed date September 2011 Also since multiple surfaces are involved, creating a design with good aberration correction can be very complex. ref http www.telescope optics.net catadioptric telescopes.htm Vladimir Sacek, telescope optics.net, Notes on AMATEUR TELESCOPE OPTICS, CATADIOPTRIC TELESCOPES, 10.2.1 ref References P. P. Argunov, Isochromatic telescope designs with spherical optics. Astronomicheskij Vestnik, 6 1 , 52 61 1972 reflist See also Klevtsov Cassegraintelescope List of telescope types External links http www.stso.net 2007 docs dubovsky.html Astronomical Observatory on Kolonica Saddle Category Telescope types observatory stub zh ... more details
File Klevtsov.png right thumb 250px A Klevtsov Cassegrain reflecting telescope The Klevtsov Cassegraintelescope is a type of catadioptric Cassegraintelescope that uses a spherical reflector spherical primary mirror and a sub aperture secondary corrector group composed of a small lens and a Mangin mirror . Design File Diagram Reflector KlevtsovCassegrain.svg right thumb 300px Light path in a Klevtsov Cassegrain reflector telescope In the Klevtsov Cassegrain all of the optical surfaces are spherical or near spherical ref http www.opticsinfobase.org abstract.cfm?URI JOT 67 2 176 New optical systems for small size telescopes abstract ref ref http www.telescopes.ru articles article1.phtml New optical systems for small size telescopes ref . The secondary Mangin mirror SubSup M 2 s 0 and the meniscus corrector C are held in place by a spider vane and the front of the telescope tube is otherwise open. These types of telescopes have the disadvantage of spider to hold the corrector causing diffraction artifacts ref http www.opticsinfobase.org viewmedia.cfm?id 46241&seq 0 Diffraction effects of telescope secondary mirror spiders on various image quality criteria ref and, since multiple surfaces are involved, achieving good aberration correction can be very complex. ref http www.telescope optics.net catadioptric telescopes.htm Vladimir Sacek, telescope optics.net, Notes on AMATEUR TELESCOPE OPTICS, CATADIOPTRIC TELESCOPES, 10.2.1 ref This design was originally envisaged by G. I. Popov with a practical implementation by Yuri A. Klevtsov. Commercial manufactures of the design include Novosibirsk TAL and Vixen telescopes Vixen . See also ArgunovCassegraintelescopeCassegrain reflector List of telescope types References reflist External links http www.cloudynights.com item.php?item id 713 Review of a Klevtsov Cassegraintelescope Category Optical devices Category Telescope types de Klevtsov Teleskop observatory stub ... more details
. Applications The Schmidt Cassegrain design is very popular with consumer telescope manufacturers ...refimprove date February 2011 Image Schmidt Cassegrain Telescope.svg thumb 300px Light path in a Schmidt Cassegrain The Schmidt Cassegrain is a catadioptric telescope that combines a Cassegrain reflector cassegrain reflector s optical path with a Schmidt corrector plate to make a compact astronomical instrument that uses simple spherical reflector spherical surfaces . Invention and design The Schmidt Cassegrain was invented in 1940 by James Gilbert Baker as a modification of Bernhard Schmidt s 1931 Schmidt camera . ref cite journal author Linfoot, E.H. year 1956 title Colloquium on Schmidt optics journal The Observatory journal The Observatory volume 76 pages 170 177 doi bibcode 1956Obs....76..170. ref As in the Schmidt camera this design uses a Sphere spherical primary mirror and a Schmidt corrector plate to correct for spherical aberration . In this Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain configuration the Convex mirror convex secondary mirror acts as a Field flattener Lens field flattener and relays ... focal length of a refracting telescope with the lower cost per aperture of a reflecting telescope .... Their high Optical telescope Focal length and f ratio f ratio means they are not a wide field telescope ... mirror of a commercial Schmidt Cassegrain. While there are many variations, both mirrors spherical .... One very well corrected design example would be the concentric or monocentric Schmidt Cassegrain ... of telescope types Maksutov telescope Ritchey Chr tien telescope Schmidt camera Schmidt Newton telescope References reflist External links Commons category inline Schmidt Cassegrain telescopes Category Telescope types ar de Schmidt Cassegrain Teleskop fr T lescope Schmidt Cassegrain ko it Schmidt Cassegrain lb Schmidt Cassegrain Teleskop ja pl Teleskop Schmidta Cassegraina sr sv Schmidt Cassegrain teleskop zh ... more details
Argunov family of artist s and architect s, serf s of count s Sheremetev. They worked in Moscow and in Sheremetev s mansions Kuskovo , Ostankino , etc. , and also in St.Petersburg . Fedor Leontyevich Argunov 1716 1754 the Painting painter . Fedor Semenovich Argunov about 1732 1768 the cousin of painter I. P. Argunov . He probably studied at S. I. Chevakinski in St.Petersburg . He participated in construction of a house of Sheremetev on Fontanka 1750 1755 and lived in St.Petersburg . He was the author of the project of a Kitchen wing 1755 , Grotto 1755 1775 , Greenhouses presumably, 1761 1762 and other constructions in style of a baroque in mansion Kuskovo . Ivan Argunov Ivan Petrovich Argunov 1729 1802 the painter, one of ancestor s of a chamber portrait in Russia n art portraits . . and H. M. Khripunov both 1757, in Ostankino palace museum The Unknown person in Russian suit , 1784 . Pavel Ivanovich Argunov about 1768 1806 the architect . He was the son of I. P. Argunov. From 1793 he headed construction of wooden palace theatre in mansion Ostankino near Moscow it is constructed in style of Russian classicism in which under his projects a number of interiors was created. Nikolai Ivanovich Argunov 1771 1829 the Painting painter , the academician of the St.Petersburg Academy of arts 1818 . The son of I. P. Argunov. His products classical portraits of T. V. Granatova 1789 , Praskovya Ivanovna Zhemchugova in a red shawl 1802 1803 both in the Museum of ceramic s in Kuskovo. Other Argunovs P. P. Argunov, designer of the ArgunovCassegraintelescope in 1963 1972 P. P. Argunov, USSR Inventor s Certificate No. 158697, Byull. Izobret., No. 22 1963 References Cite book last Unbegaun first B. O. title Russian Surnames year 1972 publisher Oxford University Press surname Category Russian language surnames ru ... more details
Cassegrain may refer to Cassegrain reflector , a design used in telescopes Cassegrain crater , on the Moon a Belgian canned vegetables producer now part of Bonduelle S.A. Peoples Guillaume Cassegrain , a French sculptor Giovanni Cassegrain , a French sculptor Jean Cassegrain , a French businessman, founder of Longchamp in 1948 Laurent Cassegrain , a Catholic priest and teacher and probably the inventor of the Cassegrain Reflector disambig de Cassegrain fr Cassegrain ... more details
lens. ArgunovCassegrain main ArgunovCassegraintelescope In the ArgunovCassegraintelescope ... telescope main Klevtsov Cassegraintelescope The Klevtsov Cassegrain, like the ArgunovCassegrain ...File Cassegrain.en.png thumb 300px Light path in a Cassegrain reflecting telescope. The Cassegrain reflector ... telescope s and Antenna radio radio antenna s. In a symmetrical Cassegrain both mirrors are aligned ... for ease of manufacturing. The Cassegrain reflector is named after a published reflecting telescope ... mathematician James Gregory s 1662 attempts to create a reflecting telescope included a Cassegrain ... File Cassegrain Telescope.svg center thumb 500px Light path in a Cassegrain reflector telescope The Classic ... 1910s. Dall Kirkham The Dall Kirkham Cassegraintelescope s design was created by Horace ... axis configurations An unusual variant of the Cassegrain is the Schiefspiegler telescope skewed or oblique ... Cassegrain Main Schmidt Cassegraintelescope File Schmidt Cassegrain Telescope.svg thumb Light path in a Schmidt Cassegraintelescope Schmidt Cassegrain The Schmidt Cassegrain was developed from ... holder placed outside the telescope. Maksutov Cassegrain main Maksutov telescope File Maksutov Cassegrain Telescope.svg thumb Light path in a Maksutov telescope Maksutov Cassegrain The Maksutov Cassegrain is a variation of the Maksutov telescope named after the Soviet Union Soviet Russia ... radio telescopes, the final focus may be in front of the primary. In an asymmetrical Cassegrain, the mirror ... or both . The classic Cassegrain configuration uses a parabolic reflector as the primary while ... alcance de todos. Cassegrain publisher AstroM a ref However, variations exist where the primary is hyperbolic ... Cassegrain . ref http www.ingenta.com isis searching Expand ingenta?pub infobike iop jopt 1997 00000028 00000004 art00004 Andr Baranne and Fran oise Launay, Cassegrain a famous unknown of instrumental ... delle settioni coniche ref ref Stargazer, the Life and Times of the Telescope , by Fred Watson ... more details
For other artists with the same last name Argunov no footnotes date September 2009 File Argunov self.jpg thumb right Self portrait, end of 1750ies Ivan Petrovich Argunov lang ru 1727 ... Mikhaylovich Argunov, who was a steward of princess Cherkassky and later a major domo for count Sheremetev ... , the house where Ivan grew up. In 1746 1749 Ivan Argunov studied painting with a Germany German artist ... got lessons from his cousins Fedor Leontyevich Argunov and Fedor Semenovich Argunov , painters working in Saint Petersburg on decorating the Imperial residences. File Argunov pt neizv krest.jpg thumb left Portrait of an unknown peasant, 1784 Argunov s first works were icon s for the Palace Church in Great ... Russian Parsuna art mixed with the new Baroque influence. In 1760s Argunov was in his prime ... Russian royalty and of course Argunov s masters Sheremetevs as well as their relatives Lazarev s and counts ... Sheremetevs. In 1770 Argunov became the majordomo for the Sheremtev s house on Millionnaya street ... created his masterpiece Image Argunov pt neizv krest.jpg The Portrait of an Unknown Peasant . The identity ... in Imperial Russia , p.333 ref Between the second half of 1780s until his death in 1802 Argunov did not paint but spent all his time managing different estates and businesses of Sheremetevs. Argunov ... and Sablukov all four future teachers of the Academy. Argunov s sons were also his pupils. Two of them Nikolay Argunov and Yakov Argunov became painters, while the third Pavel Argunov became ... Portrait of Princess Ekaterina Alexandrovna Lobanova Rostovskaya, 1754 File Argunov Khripunov.jpg Portrait of K.A. Khripunov, 1757. File Argunov Ekaterina Alekseevna.jpg Portrait of Grand Duchess Catherine II of Russia Ekaterina Alexeyevna File Argunov psherem.jpg Portrait of P.B. Sheremetev artist ... II , 1762 File Argunov Annushka.jpg Portrait of Kalmyk people Kalmyk girl Annushka. 1767. Annushka .... File Argunov vpsherem.jpg Portrait of Countess Varvara Sheremetev, daughter of Argunov s owner ... more details
Image Andrey Aleksandrovich Argunov.jpg right thumb A.A. Argunov Andrei Argunov 19 October 1866 ref Argunov s year of birth is variously given as 1862. ref Yeniseysk 7 November 1939, Prague Biographical Information Andrei Aleksandrovich Argunov was a Russian revolutionary. He became involved in the populist narodnik movement and joined The People s Will in the 1880s. In 1896 he founded the Union of Socialist Revolutionaries in Saratov, later transferring its headquarters to Moscow. He wrote the Union s programme, Our Tasks , in 1898. The Northern Union , as it was also called, was one of the principal roots of the unified Socialist Revolutionary Party PSR that emerged in 1901. A close associate of Argunov s in the Union was Evno Azev E.F. Azev , who turned out years later to be a police agent. It united the Northern Union with the Party of Socialist Revolutionaries , also known as the Southern Party , that had been founded in Kiev in 1897 by Victor Chernov V.M. Chernov and others, along with several othr groups. The Northern Party had been mainly oriented toward urban organisation among intellectuals and to a lesser extent factory workers. It alo endorsed political terrorism. In these respects the Northern Union followed Narodnaya Volya . The Southern Party was more reluctant to endorse .... Argunov became a member of the Central Committee of the PSR and co edited its journal, Revolutionary Rusia , togethe with Mikhail Gots M.R. Gots . Argunov was active in the Revolutions ..., Argunov was a Internationalist Defencist Schism Defencist and was associated with the right wing of the PSR. Argunov opposed the Bolshevik Revolution and went into exile in 1922. References Hildermeier ... Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Argunov, Andrei ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1866 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1939 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Argunov, Andrei ..., sv Andrej Argunov ... more details
nationality ethnicity fields Optics Telescope workplaces Coll ge de Chartres alma mater doctoral advisor academic advisors notable students known for Cassegrain reflector author abbrev bot author abbrev zoo influences influenced awards religion signature filename only footnotes Laurent Cassegrain ca. 1629 September 1, 1693 was a Catholic priest who is notable as the probable inventor of the Cassegrain reflector , a folded two mirror reflecting telescope design. Biography Laurent Cassegrain ... cassegrain 20.html Chaudon web page on Laurent Cassegrain in French ref Connection with the Cassegrain reflector Image Cassegrain telescope.png thumb 350px Light path in a Cassegrain Reflector The cassegrain reflector is a reflecting telescope design that solved the problem of viewing an image .... M. de Berc reported on a man named Cassegrain who had written a letter on the megaphone with an attached note describing a new type of reflecting telescope, the Cassegrain reflector , where a secondary ... Fred Watson, Stargazer The Life and Times of the Telescope, page 131 ref The crater Cassegrain crater ...Infobox scientist name Laurent Cassegrain image image size caption birth date 1629 birth place Chartres ... Cassegrain ref At the time of his death he was working as a teacher giving science classes at the Coll ge ... of the construction of the first practical reflecting telescope, Isaac Newton s newtonian reflector . ref In February 1672, Isaac Newton reported his first invention, the Newtonian telescope ... 13, 1672, Christiaan Huygens wrote about the Cassegrain design and critiqued it harshly, maybe ... February 2011 Whatever the motives, the storm of controversy that followed had one lasting effect Cassegrain s name was forgotten. The identity of this Cassegrain has had many theories. His only known publication was the letter on the megaphone reflecting telescope in the April 25, 1672 Recueil des ..., 1974 , for example, only goes as far as listing Cassegrain, N. this, in turn, seems to come from ... more details
and the feed antenna are located on the central axis of the dish. However in offset Cassegrain configurations ... at the focus. One advantage of the Cassegrain design is that the feed antennas and associated waveguides ...&dq parabolic antenna Cassegrain v onepage&q parabolic 20antenna 20cylindrical&f false doi isbn 81 ... communication ground antennas, radio telescope s, and the antennas on some communication ... reason for using the Cassegrain design is to increase the focal length of the antenna, to improve ... title The principles of astronomical telescope design publisher Springer year 2009 location ... reflector of the Cassegrain increases the focal length, and thus the field of view, so these antennas usually use a Cassegrain design. The longer focal length also improves crosspolarization discrimination ... of the Cassegrain is that the feed horn s must have a narrower beamwidth higher antenna gain ... horn must have a larger aperture for a given wavelength. History The Cassegrain antenna design was adapted from the Cassegraintelescope , a type of reflecting telescope developed around 1672 and attributed to French priest Laurent Cassegrain . The first Cassegrain antenna was invented and built ... Antenna 03.JPG width1 175 caption1 Cassegrain satellite communication antenna in Sweden. The convex ... width3 210 caption3 Cassegrain spacecraft communication antenna in Canberra, Australia, part of National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA s Deep Space Network . The advantage of the Cassegrain ... width5 190 caption5 Cassegrain antenna on the Voyager spacecraft See also Cassegrain reflector References reflist External links http www.qsl.net g3pho casseg.pdf Cassegrain subreflector design article Category Radio frequency antenna types de Parabolantenne Cassegrain Antenne ja ... more details
lunar crater data latitude 54.2 N or S S longitude 113.5 E or W E diameter 55 km depth Unknown colong 248 eponym Laurent Cassegrain Cassegrain is a Moon lunar impact crater that is located on the Far side Moon far side of the Moon , beyond the southeastern limb. It lies to the southeast of the larger crater Lebedev crater Lebedev , and to the northeast of the comparably sized Priestley lunar crater Priestley . The interior of this crater has a relatively dark hued floor, a feature it has in common with other craters to the west and northwest that form part of the Mare Australe . The floor is level and mostly featureless, except for some deposits in the northwest corner. The rim is more heavily worn in the northwest corner than elsewhere, and the remaining inner wall displays a slumped shelf below the rim. Satellite craters By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid point that is closest to Cassegrain. class wikitable width 25 style background eeeeee Cassegrain width 25 style background eeeeee Latitude width 25 style background eeeeee Longitude width 25 style background eeeeee Diameter align center B align center 49.0 S align center 114.0 E align center 39 km align center H align center 53.1 S align center 115.6 E align center 28 km align center K align center 55.0 S align center 113.5 E align center 17 km References Lunar crater references Moon crater stub Category Impact craters on the Moon da Cassegrain m nekrater fa it Cassegrain cratere ... more details
Dablink For the Her Space Holiday album see The Telescope album The Telescope was a magazine for amateur astronomy amateur astronomers published between 1931 and 1941. The magazine was first published as a quarterly under the editorship of Harlan Stetson, director of the Perkins Observatory in Ohio. It featured popular articles about contemporary research. In 1934 Stetson moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts and brought the magazine with him. Publishing duties were assumed jointly by the Harvard College Observatory and the Bond Astronomical Club, under the editorship of Donald H. Menzel . The Telescope became a bimonthly publication at this time. ref name CAF citation last Federer first Charles A. title The Story of The Sky magazine Sky and Telescope volume 75 issue pages 461 63 year 1986 date November 1986 url ref In 1941, The Telescope was merged with The Sky magazine The Sky , creating Sky & Telescope magazine, ref name CAF which has remained in publication ever since. References reflist See also Amateur astronomy DEFAULTSORT Telescope, The Category Amateur astronomy Category American magazines Category Monthly magazines Category Science and technology magazines Category Publications established in 1931 Category Publications disestablished in 1941 sci mag stub fi The Telescope ... more details
Other uses Telescope disambiguation pp move indef File 100inchHooker.jpg thumb right 175px The 100 inch 2.5 m Hooker reflecting telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory near Los Angeles , California. A telescope ... applications and astronomy. Within a few decades, the reflecting telescope was invented, which ... in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s. The word telescope now refers to a wide range ... types of detectors. The word telescope from the Greek language Greek wikt , tele far and wikt ... called the telescope occhicde or cannocchiale and now he calls the microscope occhialino. The name telescope was first suggested by Demisiani in 1612 ref ref Reference Sobel 2000 Sobel 2000, p.43 , Reference Drake 1978 Drake 1978, p.196 ref ref Rosen, Edward, The Naming of the Telescope 1947 ref In the Starry Messenger Galileo had used the term perspicillum . History main History of the telescope The earliest recorded working telescopes were the refracting telescope s that appeared in the Netherlands ... sci instruments telescope.html galileo.rice.edu The Galileo Project Science The Telescope by Al ... Metius of Alkmaar... another citizen of Middelburg, Sacharias Janssen had a telescope at about ... after the invention of the refracting telescope. ref http books.google.com books?id 2LZZginzib4C&pg ... and several attempts to build reflecting telescope s. ref Attempts by Niccol Zucchi and James ... telescope, of a design which now bears his name, the Newtonian telescope Newtonian reflector ... known example of a telescope mirror coated by this technique. ref The maximum physical size limit ... radio telescope radio to gamma ray telescope gamma rays . The first purpose built radio telescope ... been developed. Types of telescopes Citations missing section date July 2008 The name telescope covers ... bands. Telescopes may be classified by the wavelengths of light they detect X ray telescope s, using ... than visible light Optical telescope s, using visible light Infrared telescope s, using longer wavelengths ... more details
Catadioptrics ArgunovCassegraintelescope Catadioptric system Catadioptric telescopes Catadioptric dialytes Klevtsov Cassegraintelescope Lurie Houghton telescope Maksutov telescope Maksutov telescope Maksutov cameras Maksutov camera Maksutov telescope Maksutov Cassegrains Maksutov Cassegraintelescope Maksutov telescope Gregory or Spot Maksutov Cassegrains Gregory Spot Maksutov Cassegraintelescope Maksutov telescope Rutten Maksutov Cassegrains Rutten Maksutov Cassegraintelescope Maksutov telescope Sub aperture corrector Maksutov Cassegrains Sub aperture corrector Maksutov Cassegraintelescope ... Mersenne Schmidt camera Schmidt Cassegraintelescope Meade Instruments ACF Telescopes ACF Schmidt Cassegraintelescope Meade Instruments Schmidt Newton telescope Schmidt V is l camera Telescopes ... by optical design, such as refracting telescope s. Telescopes can also be classified by where they are placed, such as space telescope s. One major determining factor is type of light, or particle being ... telescopes are classified by the task they perform for example Solar telescope s are all designs that look at the Sun , Dobsonian telescope s are designed to be low cost and portable, Aerial telescope s overcame the optical shortcomings of 17th century objective lenses, etc. List of optical telescope types Optical telescope s can be classified by three primary optical designs refractor, reflector ... and amateur astronomy . Refracting telescope s Dioptrics Achromatic telescope Dialyte lens Dialyte ... Non achromatic Galilean telescope Keplerian Telescope Aerial telescope Superachromat Varifocal gas lens telescope Reflecting telescope s Catoptrics Cassegraintelescope Dall Kirkham telescope Nasmyth telescope Ritchey Chr tien telescope Gregorian telescope Herrig telescope Reflecting telescope Herschelian telescope Herschelian telescope Large liquid mirror telescope Newtonian telescope Dobsonian telescope Pfund telescope Schiefspiegler telescope Stevick Paul telescope Toroidal reflector Toroidal ... more details
File Nasmyth Telescope.svg thumb Simple Nasmyth telescope File Walter hohmann sternwarte nasmyth cassegrain 2009.jpg thumb 160px 56cm Nasmyth CassegrainTelescope at the Walter Hohmann Observatory in Essen, Germany The Nasmyth telescope , also called Nasmyth Cassegrain , is a reflecting telescope developed by James Nasmyth . It is a modified form of a CassegraintelescopeCassegraintelescope, mounted on an Altazimuth mount alt azimuth mount. Scheme As in the Cassegraintelescope, the light falls on a concave primary mirror, then goes into a convex secondary mirror. However there is no hole in the primary mirror. Instead a small flat mirror reflects the light to one of the sides of the telescope. This flat mirror is placed on the altitude axis, so that the exit beam comes out of a hole in the middle of the altitude bearing. This means the eyepiece or instrument does not need to move up and down with the telescope therefore a heavy instrument can be used without upsetting the balance of the telescope or increasing the load on the altitude bearings. This has significant advantages for spectrographs and other heavy instruments typically used at research observatories. Most modern research telescopes can be configured into a Nasmyth telescope i.e. to use the Nasmyth Focus . Observatories The Sierra Nevada Observatory OSN in Spain has 2 Nasmyth telescopes, including a 1.5 meter diameter aperture one. See also List of telescope types External links commons cat Nasmyth Cassegrain telescopes http adsabs.harvard.edu abs 2000eaa..bookE5402. Nasmyth Telescope, Murdin, P., Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics Category Telescope types de Nasmyth Teleskop ru zh ... more details
Image Gregory Teleskop.svg thumb 370px Diagram of the lightpath through a Gregorian telescope. The Gregorian telescope is a type of reflecting telescope designed by Scotland Scottish mathematician and astronomer ... in 1673 by Robert Hooke . The design pre dates the first practical reflecting telescope, the Newtonian telescope , built by Sir Isaac Newton in 1668, ref name books.google.com http books.google.com books?id 32IDpTdthm4C&pg PA67&lpg PA67&dq newton reflecting telescope 1668 letter 1669&source bl&ots ... 5 years after Newton s Newton s Reflector first reflecting telescope . History The Gregorian telescope ... Cavalieri Lo Specchio Ustorio On Burning Mirrors , 1632 ref Stargazer, the Life and Times of the Telescope, by Fred Watson, http books.google.com books?id 2LZZginzib4C&pg PA134&dq gregory cassegrain ... attempts to build the telescope failed, since he had no practical skill himself and he could find ... telescope consists of two concave mirror s the primary mirror a concave paraboloid collects the light ... the primary mirror. This design of telescope renders an upright image, making it useful for terrestrial ... the system s actual focal length . The design was largely superseded by the Cassegrain reflector Cassegraintelescope . It is still used for some spotting scope s because this design creates an erect ... reaching the secondary mirror and subsequent optical components. The Solar Optical Telescope on the Hinode satellite is one example of this design. For Amateur telescope making amateur telescope makers the Gregorian can be less difficult to fabricate than a Cassegrain because the concave secondary is Amateur telescope making Foucault test Foucault testable like the primary, which is not the case with the Cassegrain s convex secondary. Gallery gallery File Gregorian telescope circa 1735 in Putnam Gallery, 2009 11 24.jpg A Gregorian telescope circa 1735 File Gregorian telescope circa 1735 in Putnam Gallery 2, 2009 11 24.jpg Side view Image Lanature1873 telescope gregory.png 1873 diagram of a Gregorian ... more details
Refimprove date March 2007 A small telescope is generally considered by professional astronomers to be any Reflecting telescope reflector type telescope with a primary mirror of less than 2 metres diameter. ref http astro.nineplanets.org bigeyes.html The World s Largest Optical Telescopes , Bill Arnett s Astro Web Sites ref Little if any professional level research is performed with the Refractor refracting type of telescope in the modern era of astronomy. Small telescopes dominate astronomy astronomical research in the fields of asteroid and comet Discovery observation discovery and observation , variable star Photometry astronomy photometry , and supernova and nova discovery, and colorimetry and Polarimetry of the solar system s planet s. Because of their limited light gathering capability, small telescopes are usually not well suited to spectroscopy , although some useful spectroscopic work can be performed with reflecting type telescopes with a primary mirror as small as 14 35 cm when equipped with the increasingly sophisticated modern imaging and spectroscopic instrumentation recently becoming available to amateur astronomers. Most telescopes within the field of amateur astronomy are considered to be small, ranging in general from 2 50 mm achromatic refracting types, to reflecting type telescopes featuring primary mirrors up to and sometime exceeding 36 90 cm in diameter. Most small telescopes are dedicated to visual observing, although many are applied to such uses as gathering scientific data, or astrophotography . The range of amateur astronomy amateur astronomer s telescopes is wide, with numerous types and designs, such as Achromatic lens achromatic and apochromatic refractors, Newtonian telescope Newtonian reflectors, Schmitt Cassegrain, Maksutov telescope Maksutov Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain and Maksutov Newtonian Chemical compound compound reflectors. However in more recent years manufacturers of telescopes for the amateur market have ... more details
Image Maksutov 150mm.jpg right thumb 250px A 150mm aperture Maksutov Cassegraintelescope. The Maksutov is a Catadioptric system Catadioptric telescopes catadioptric telescope design that combines a spherical ... with variations, including Newtonian telescope Newtonian , Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain , and wide ... http pyxiscamera.htohananet.com Maksutov Maksutov.html A Photovisual Maksutov CassegrainTelescope ... Maksutov Maksutov.html A Photovisual Maksutov CassegrainTelescope by Marc Ren ... to the corrector mirror holder configurations found in commercial Schmidt Cassegraintelescope ... Maksutov CassegrainTelescope http www.members.shaw.ca quadibloc science opt02.htm Kinds of Telescopes ... full diameter and placed at the entrance pupil of the telescope commonly called a corrector plate ... Aberration in optical systems aberration s such as Coma optics coma found in reflecting telescope ... primary mirror . The design is most commonly seen in a Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain ... The Man and His Telescope ref Maksutov seems to have picked up the idea again in 1941 war torn Europe ... Petrunin ref and building a Maksutov Gregorian telescope Gregorian style prototype in October 1941 ... telescope designs were also patented in 1941 Albert Bouwers his Albert Bouwers Bouwers meniscus telescope 1941 concentric meniscus telescope , K. Penning ref http books.google.com books?id wrtFcUEIWTgC&pg PA724&dq maksutov telescope v onepage&q maksutov 20telescope&f false Handbook of Optical ... being an independent invention. Derivative designs Maksutov s design for a meniscus telescope was the first ... that use a Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain configuration, mounting a convex secondary mirror near ... path in a typical Gregory or spot Maksutov Cassegrain. Maksutov s design notes from 1941 explored the possibility of a folded Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain type construction with a secondary silvered ... Questar telescope and in Perkin Elmer designer John F. Gregory John Gregory s competing patent ... more details
Light path in a Cassegraintelescope. Main Cassegrain reflector The Cassegraintelescope sometimes ... Chr tien design. Dall Kirkham See also Modified Dall Kirkham telescope The Dall Kirkham Cassegrain ... Schiefspiegler A variant of the Cassegrain, the Schiefspiegler telescope skewed or oblique reflector ... telescope The Nasmyth design is similar to the Cassegrain except no hole is drilled in the primary ...Image Franklin reflector 24.jpg right thumb 240px 24 inch convertible Newtonian Cassegrain reflecting telescope on display at the Franklin Institute . A reflecting telescope also called a reflector is an optical telescope which uses a single or combination of curved mirror s that reflect light and form an image . The reflecting telescope was invented in the 17th century as an alternative to the refracting telescope which, at that time, was a design that suffered from severe chromatic aberration . Although ... catoptric telescope. History Main History of the telescope File NewtonsTelescopeReplica.jpg thumb 200px A replica of Newton s second reflecting telescope that he presented to the Royal Society in 1672 ... Soon after the invention of the refracting telescope , Galileo , Giovanni Francesco Sagredo , and others ... a telescope using a mirror as the image forming objective. ref http books.google.com books?id 2LZZginzib4C ... s 1663 published ideas for what came to be called the Gregorian telescope , ref http books.google.com ...&sig U uj1p9TvkAW12XFz8mkfI6TWMg PPA71,M1 The History of the Telescope By Henry C. King, Page 71 ref ... with building the Newton s reflector first reflecting telescope in 1668. ref name books.google.com http books.google.com books?id 32IDpTdthm4C&pg PA67&lpg PA67&dq newton reflecting telescope 1668 letter ... come to be known as the Newtonian telescope . Despite the theoretical advantages of the reflector ... in the 20th century, ref Silvering on a reflecting telescope was introduced by L on Foucault in 1857 ... vacuum evaporation. The first mirror he aluminized, in 1932, is the earliest known example of a telescope ... more details
telescope. Instruments can be mounted at a Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain focus below the primary mirror, in enclosures on either of two Nasmyth telescope Nasmyth focal points on the sides of the telescope ...Infobox Telescope bgcolour name Subaru Telescope image Image MaunaKea Subaru.jpg 250px caption The Subaru Telescope organization National Astronomical Observatory of Japan location Mauna Kea , Hawai i ... it Note that http www.naoj.org Observing Telescope Parameters lists the location as 19 49 43 N 155 ... Observing Telescope Parameters title Physical parameters of Subaru Telescope publisher National Astronomical ... http www.naoj.org style Cassegrain diameter 8.3 m ref cite web url http www.cmog.org telescopes title ... Subaru Telescope In Japanese language Japanese is the 8.2 metre flagship telescope of the National .... ref cite web url http web japan.org kidsweb hitech subaru index.html title The Subaru Telescope publisher ... title Specifications publisher Subaru Telescope date accessdate 2010 09 22 ref In 1984, the University of Tokyo formed an engineering working group to study the concept of a 7.5 metre telescope ... of a Japan National Large Telescope JNLT , and in 1986, the University of Tokyo signed an agreement with the University of Hawaii to build the telescope in Hawaii. In 1988, the National Astronomical ... of the 8.2m Subaru Telescope arxiv astro ph 0405012 Journal Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan volume 56 pages 381 397 date 2004 04 25 bibcode 2004PASJ...56..381I ref Construction of the telescope began in April 1991, and later that year, a public contest gave the telescope its official name, Subaru Telescope. Construction was completed in 1998, and the first scientific images were taken in January ... Naoj.org date accessdate 2010 09 22 ref In September 1999, Princess Sayako of Japan dedicated the telescope ... a telescope widens orbit of japanese.html title On Hawaii, A Telescope Widens Orbit Of Japanese ... 09 22 ref A number of state of the art technologies were worked into the telescope. For example, 261 ... more details
Image Mrao ami lba ryle.jpg thumb The Ryle Telescope was re arranged to form the AMI Large Array after this photo was taken. The Ryle Telescope named after Martin Ryle , and formerly the 5 km Array was a linear east west radio telescope array at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory . In 2004 three of the telescopes were moved to create a compact two dimensional array of telescopes at the east end of the Interferometry interferometer . The remaining five antennas were switched off on 19 June 2006. The eight antennas have now become the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array. The Ryle Telescope was an eight element interferometer operating at Ku band 15 GHz 2cm wavelength . The elements were equatorially mounted 13 m Cassegrain reflector Cassegrain antennas, on an almost east west baseline. Four aerials were mounted on a 1.2 km Railway rail track , and the others were fixed at 1.2 km intervals. Baselines between 18 m and 4.8 km were therefore available, in a variety of configurations. For high resolution imaging, the mobile aerials were arranged along the track, to give uniform baseline coverage to 4.8 km for low brightness astronomy e.g. the Sunyaev Zel dovich effect the mobile aerials were arranged in a compact array , with a maximum baseline of about 100 m. All antenna pairs were correlated, so some long baseline data were always available, even in the compact array configuration. As the telescope was an east west instrument, most imaging observations involved 12 hour observations in order to fill the Aperture synthesis synthesised aperture calibration observations are routinely interleaved . Another consequence of the geometry was that it is not practical to image sources near the equator , or in the south. The two dimensional Large Array overcomes this problem with its new north south baselines. Although the telescope was not designed as a common user instrument ... be inserted between longer standard observations. The telescope had three main scientific programs ... more details
part of the optical design Newtonian telescope , Cassegrain reflector or similar types , or may ... field of view. no special reason to mention a Maksutov telescope here, it is a rare type the Cassegrain ... the Reflecting telescope Prime focus prime focus of the main mirror, the Cassegraintelescopecassegrain focus light bounced back down behind the primary mirror , and even external to the telescope ...Image EightInchTelescope.JPG thumb right 200px Eight Inch refracting telescope Chabot Space and Science Center An optical telescope is a telescope which is used to gather and Focus optics focus light mainly ... sensor s. There are three primary types of optical telescope Refractor telescope Refractors which use lens optics lenses dioptrics , Reflector telescope reflectors which use mirror s catoptrics , and catadioptric ... in combination. A telescope s light gathering power and ability to resolve small detail is directly ... and focuses the light . The larger the objective, the more light the telescope can collect and the finer detail it can resolve. History main History of the telescope The telescope is more ... telescope.html galileo.rice.edu The Galileo Project Science The Telescope by Al Van Helden the telescope ... reached a significantly advanced state by the time of the telescope s invention in early modern Europe ... 0GOT5dCTU8&sig U uj1p9TvkAW12XFz8mkfI6TWMg PPA27,M1 The History of the Telescope By Henry .... of Chicago Pr., 1976 , pp. 94 99 ref But the most significant step cited in the invention of the telescope ... Science The Telescope by Al Van Helden ref ref http books.google.com books?id peIL7hVQUmwC&pg PA218 ... sci instruments telescope.html galileo.rice.edu The Galileo Project Science The Telescope by Al ... 0GOT5dCTU8&sig U uj1p9TvkAW12XFz8mkfI6TWMg PPA27,M1 The History of the Telescope By Henry C. King, Page 27 spectacles invention, an important step in the history of the telescope ref It is in the Netherlands in 1608 where the first recorded optical telescopes refracting telescope s appeared. The invention ... more details
hatnote For the other Hale Telescope, see Mount Wilson Observatory Image P200 Dome Open.jpg thumb The Art Deco dome housing the Hale Telescope opening at dusk The Hale Telescope is a convert 200 in m sing on , F number f 3.3 reflecting telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California , named after ... was groundbreaking for its time, with double the diameter of the next largest telescope and pioneering ... thermal expansion glass . It is still in active use. It was the largest aperture optical telescope ... thumb The 200 inch 508 cm Hale telescope inside on its equatorial mount Hale supervised the building ... of Washington the convert 60 in m adj on telescope in 1908 and the convert 100 in m adj on telescope ... larger collectors. The chief optical designer for Hale s previous 100 inch telescope was George Willis Ritchey , who intended the new telescope to be of Ritchey Chr tien telescope Ritchey Chr tien ... left the project. The Mount Palomar Hale telescope turned out to be the last world leading telescope to have a parabolic primary mirror. ref cite book title An acre of glass a history and forecast of the telescope author Zirker, J.B. year 2005 publisher Johns Hopkins Univ Press , p. 317. ref ... for the construction of an observatory, including a convert 200 in m adj on reflecting telescope to be administered ... , the telescope was not completed until 1948 when it was dedicated. ref name NYTimes1948b cite news ... City Edition issn 1494850 ref Due to slight distortions of images, corrections were made to the telescope ... Nebula. ref http 365daysofastronomy.org 2009 01 26 january 26 60th anniversary of hale telescope first light January 26 60th Anniversary of Hale Telescope First Light . 365daysofastronomy.org ... literature and in the May 7, 1949 issue of Collier s Magazine . The telescope continues to be used ... last Fienberg first Rick title Sharpening the convert 200 in cm adj on work News publisher Sky and Telescope .... Donald Shane telescope s convert 120 in cm adj on primary mirror. ref http www.ucolick.org public ... more details
telescope Gregorians , Cassegrain reflector cassegrains , and early refractors had two surfaces ...File Newton Teleskop.svg thumb 280px Newtonian Telescope The Newtonian telescope is a type of reflecting telescope invented by the British scientist Sir Isaac Newton 1642 1727 , using a Curved mirror Concave ... first reflecting telescope was completed in 1668 and is the earliest known functional reflecting telescope. ref name books.google.com http books.google.com books?id 32IDpTdthm4C&pg PA67&lpg PA67&dq newton reflecting telescope 1668 letter 1669&source bl&ots PKABaGwPaN&sig rPS8w23 nAp3kH5YMYGZ7JHhOaI ... Rupert Hall, page 67 ref The Newtonian telescope s simple design makes them very popular with amateur telescope maker s. ref http telescopemaking.org basics.html Telescope Basics Mark T. VandeWettering, 2001 ref History See also History of the telescope Newton s idea for a reflecting telescope was not a new ... forming Objective optics objective soon after the invention of the refracting telescope, ref http ... which described reflecting telescope designs using Parabola parabolic mirrors ref http books.google.com ... 20reflecting&f false Derek Gjertsen, The Newton handbook, page 562 ref a telescope Gregory had ... PA169&dq Isaac Newton demonstration reflecting telescope in&source web&ots WywdET8NGz&sig pYhWHIuO2rDBQAsoSn39jpq90xg ... telescope that he presented to the Royal Society in 1672. ref http books.google.com books?id ... CQ&sa X&oi book result&resnum 4&ct result PPA74,M1 The History of the Telescope By Henry C. King, Page 74 ref Newton built his reflecting telescope because he suspected that it could prove his theory ...&pg PA169&lpg PA169&dq Isaac Newton demonstration reflecting telescope in&source web&ots WywdET8NGz ... telescope s of Newton s day, and there were many theories as to what caused it. During the mid ... telescope behaving the same as Prism optics prisms he was experimenting with, breaking white light ... in telescopes f 50 or more. the object glass of any telescope cannot collect all the rays which come ... more details
on the side of the telescope. Laurent Cassegrain in 1672 described the design of a reflector with a small ... Light path in a Cassegraintelescope . A third form of reflecting telescope, the Cassegrain reflector was devised in 1672 by Laurent Cassegrain . The telescope had a small convex hyperboloid al secondary ...sprotect small yes File Emblemata 1624.jpg thumb 275px Early depiction of a Dutch telescope from 1624. The earliest known working telescope s appeared in 1608 and are credited to Hans Lippershey . Among ... , and Jacob Metius of Alkmaar . The design of these early refracting telescope s consisted ... the following year. In 1611, Johannes Kepler described how a telescope could be made with a convex ... is the earliest person documented to have applied for a patent for the device. ref The history of the telescope ... and more functional telescopes, first appeared in a 1733 telescope made by Chester Moore Hall , who ... Telescope Optics Basic design theory and its historical development , p.14 ref and began producing ... mirror he aluminized, in 1932, is the earliest known example of a telescope mirror coated by this technique ... of radio telescope s along with radio astronomy was born with Karl Guthe Jansky s Serendipity serendipitous ... in the 20th century for a wide range of wavelengths from radio to gamma ray telescope gamma rays . Optical ... es and their properties were known well before the invention of the optical telescope simple Lens ... to discover the principles of a telescope using a combination of concave or concave and convex lenses .... ref http cnx.org content m11932 latest Galileo s Telescope by Albert Van Helden ref Thomas ... Stargazer The Life and Times of the Telescope , page 40. Allen & Unwin ref In Italy, Giambattista della Porta also described a possible telescope as early as 1586 when he wrote in a letter ... . Della Porta was preoccupied with other things at the time and thought the idea of a telescope ... 1 hi sci tech 7617426.stm title Controversy over telescope origin publisher BBC News date 16 September ... more details
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