configured. Aft view of equipment for the Surveillance Towed sonar array Towed Array Sensor System SURTASS , 1987. Image USNS Able T AGOS 20 aft SURTASS equipment.jpg thumb USNS Able T AGOS 20 aft view of SURTASS equipment. The AN UQQ 2 Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System SURTASS is a Towed array sonar towed array sonar system of the United States Navy . SURTASS began as development program ... Wave . Initially the SURTASS system were passive, receive only sonar systems. The array was towed ... was designed for long range detection. The active system must be used in conjunction with the passive received system. The active component transmits an audio signal between 100 Hz and 500 Hz from an array suspended below the ship while the passive SURTASS array is towed miles behind to receive the signal after it had reflected off the submarine. The active LFA system is an updated version of the fixed low frequency surveillance system known as Project ARTEMIS . Although the Navy took steps to mitigate ... of either the long passive SURTASS array or the Twin line array consisting of two shorter passive ... Frequency Active Sonar The SHIPPYTHING Low Frequency Active Sonar system, on board Impeccable , commenced ... 164 ref Total operational days on board the Impeccable using the LFA array August 15, 2003 to August ... range, all weather, sonar system that operates in the low frequency LF band 100 500 hertz Hz .... The active system component, LFA, is an adjunct to the passive detection system, SURTASS, and is planned for use when passive system performance proves inadequate. LFA is a set of acoustic transmitting ... a ping. The characteristics and operating features of LFA are The source is a vertical line array VLA ... i.e., a full 360 degrees in the horizontal nominal depth of the LFA array center is 120 m 400 ... frequency is between 100 and 500 Hz the LFA system s physical design does not allow for transmissions ... source projector is approximately 215 decibels dB . The sound field of the LFA array can never be higher ... more details
tone row total chromatic aggregates Arraysystem layout, on the array mbira Array mbira , a musical ...An array is a systematic arrangement of objects, usually in rows and columns. Specifically, it may refer ... at run time, including Array data structure , an arrangement of items at equally spaced addresses in computer memory Array data type , used in a programming language to specify a variable that can be indexed Associative array , an abstract data structure model that generalizes arrays to arbitrary indices or various kinds of the above, such as Bit array or bit vector Dynamic array , allocated at run time Parallel array of records, with each field stored as a separate array Sparse array , with most elements omitted, to store a sparse matrix Variable length array Jagged array , where the rows have different lengths individually or various related concepts Vector processor Array processor , a computer to process arrays of data not to be confused with a processor arrayArray programming , using matrix algebra notation in programs not the same as array processing Array slicing , the extraction of sub arrays of an array or also Global Arrays , a library for parallel processing Intel Array Visualizer , a piece of scientific graphics software In mathematics and statistics An array or matrix mathematics e.g. a Monge array , a Costas array A standard array in coding theory In statistics, arrays are a name for some kinds of Category Experimental design Intersection array a concept of category theory The thinned array curse or sparse array curse, a theorem about electromagnetic waves In technology Various arrangements of multiple individual components to create a single system, such as An antenna array, such as a phased array , a tower array , etc. A speaker array, used to produce directional Sound Asynchronous array of simple processors Ball grid array , pin grid array , and land grid array , ways to connect integrated circuits Cache Array Routing Protocol CARP Color filter array ... more details
system has a linear array processor connected by data buses going in both directions. History The systolic array paradigm, data stream driven by data counters, is the counterpart of the von Neumann architecture ...In computer architecture , a systolic array is a pipe network arrangement of processing units called ... array is composed of matrix like rows of data processing units called cells. Data processing units Data processing system DPU s are similar to central processing unit s CPU s, except for the usual lack of a program counter , ref The Paracel GeneMatcher series of systolic array processors do have a program ... immediately after processing. The systolic array is often rectangular where data flows across the array ... streams entering and leaving the ports of the array are generated by auto sequencing memory units, ASMs. Each ASM includes a data counter . In embedded system s a data stream may also be input from and or output ... . One matrix math matrix is fed in a row at a time from the top of the array and is passed down the array, the other matrix is fed in a column at a time from the left hand side of the array ... whole row and one whole column. At this point, the result of the multiplication is stored in the array and can now be output a row or a column at a time, flowing down or across the array. ref http web.cecs.pdx.edu mperkows temp May22 0020.Matrix multiplication systolic.pdf Systolic Array Matrix Multiplication ... them. Because the traditional systolic array synthesis methods have been practiced by algebraic ... with asynchronous handshake between DPUs are called wavefront arrays . One well known systolic array ... array usually sends and receives multiple data streams, and multiple data counters are needed to generate ... 2 x a n 3 x ... a 1 x a 0 math A linear systolic array in which the processors are arranged in pairs ... Highly specialized for particular applications Difficult to build Super Systolic Array The super systolic array is a generalization of the systolic array. Because the classical synthesis methods ... more details
Array processing is signal processing of the outputs of an array of sensor s to Enhance the SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR compared to that of a single sensor using conventional or adaptive ... , and other signal parameters. Track multiple moving sources. Array processing is used in radar ... of using array processing along with an array of sensors is a smaller foot print. The problems associated with array processing include the number of sources used, their direction of arrival s, and their signal ... 13 Array Processing lecture13 lecture13.pdf Spatial Array Processing . Signal and Image Processing Seminar. University of Texas at Austin. ref There are four assumptions in array processing. The first ... medium. The second assumption is that for far field array processing, the radius of propagation is much greater than size of the array and that there is plane wave propagation. The third assumption is that there is a zero ... bevans courses ee381k lectures 13 Array Processing lecture13 lecture13.pdf Spatial Array Processing ... of time are needed just as in visible sky viewing. Array gain is done by using multiple, even dozens ... research facility that was founded in Norway in 1968. NORSAR has been working with array processing ... working on an International Monitoring System which will comprise 50 primary and 120 auxiliary seismic stations around the world. NORSAR has ongoing work to improve array processing to improve ... 83 Improving IMS array processing.aspx ref See also Phased Array Space Time Adaptive Processing References reflist cite book title Array Signal Processing last1 Johnson first1 D. H. last2 Dudgeon first2 D. E. year 1993 publisher Prentice Hall cite book first1 H. L. last1 Van Trees title Optimum Array .... last2 Viberg url http www.vissta.ncsu.edu publications ahk spm1996.pdf title Two Decades of Array ... accessdate 8 December 2010 S. Haykin and K.J.R. Liu Editors , Handbook on Array Processing and Sensor ... Smart Antennas slides proj sem.pdf array processing courseware DEFAULTSORT Array Processing Category ... more details
A Commission of Array was a Letters patent commission given by England English royalty to officers or gentry in a given territory to muster and array the inhabitants and to see them in a condition for war, or to put soldier s of a country in a condition for military service. The term arrayers is used in some ancient English statutes, for an officer who had a Commission of Array. Commissions of array developed from the ancient obligation of all free men to defend their country. Commissioners were usually experienced soldiers, appointed by the crown to array able bodied men from each shire. By the time of the Wars of the Roses conscript levies were less important than troops raised by indenture . Though obsolete by the 17th century, the system was revived by Charles I of England Charles I in 1642 in opposition to the 1641 Militia Ordinance that gave Parliament of England Parliament control of raising troops in order to muster a Cavalier Royalist army at the onset of the English Civil War . See also Arrayer Posse comitatus common law Posse comitatus References 1828 Webster s Dictionary 1728 http digicoll.library.wisc.edu cgi bin HistSciTech HistSciTech idx?type turn&entity HistSciTech000900240187&isize L DEFAULTSORT Commission Of Array Category English Civil War Category Military history of the United Kingdom Category Military command staff occupations Mil hist stub England hist stub th ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 context October 2009 Image HP HASS NIKE.jpg thumb Hewlett Packard disk arrays HASS top and NIKE OEM d Data General SCSI Clariion Image EMC Clariion CX500.jpg thumb EMC Corporation EMC CLARiiON CX500 Cover removed on one Shelf Image EMC Symmetrix DMX1000 Front.jpg thumb EMC Corporation EMC Symmetrix DMX1000 A disk array is a disk storage system which contains multiple disk drive s. It is differentiated from a disk enclosure , in that an array has cache computing cache memory and advanced functionality, like redundant array of independent disks RAID and Storage virtualization virtualization . Components of a typical disk array include Disk array controller s Cache computing Cache memories Disk enclosure s Power supply Power supplies Typically a disk array provides increased availability, resiliency and maintainability by using additional, redundant components controllers, power supplies, fans, etc. , often up to the point when all single point of failure single points of failure SPOFs are eliminated from the design. Additionally those components are often hot swappable. Typically, disk arrays are divided into categories Network attached storage NAS arrays storage area network SAN arrays Modular SAN arrays Monolithic SAN arrays Utility Storage Arrays Storage virtualization DEFAULTSORT Disk Array Category Computer storage Category Fault tolerant computer systems Category RAID de Disk Array fr Baie de stockage ja pl Macierz dyskowa ru ... more details
A microphone array is any number of microphone s operating in tandem . There are many applications Systems for extracting voice input from ambient noise level ambient noise notably telephone s, speech recognition systems, hearing aid s Surround sound and related technologies Locating objects by sound acoustic source localization , e.g., military use to locate the source s of artillery fire. Aircraft location and tracking. High fidelity original recordings Typically, an array is made up of omnidirectional microphones distributed about the perimeter of a space, linked to a computer that records and interprets the results into a coherent form. Arrays may also be formed using numbers of very closely spaced microphones. Given a fixed physical relationship in space between the different individual microphone transducer array elements, simultaneous DSP digital signal processor processing of the signals from each of the individual microphone array elements can create one or more virtual microphones. Different algorithms permit the creation of virtual microphones with extremely complex virtual ... so as to home in on, or to reject, particular sources of sound. An array of 1020 microphones http cag.csail.mit.edu mic array , the largest in the world, was built by researchers at the Massachusetts ... Vista computer operating system has built in support for microphone arrays for increasing the accuracy ... system, so that the inputs can be combined into a single, higher quality source. http msdn.microsoft.com en us windows hardware gg462985 Soundfield microphone The Soundfield microphone system is a well established example of the use of a microphone array in professional sound recording. See also Microphone ... links http www.acoustic camera.com Acoustic Camera , System for online and Real Time Sound Sources ... providing a simple introduction to http www.labbookpages.co.uk audio beamforming.html microphone array beamforming DEFAULTSORT Microphone Array Category Microphones de Mikrofonarray nl Microfoonarray ... more details
File JBL VerTec line arrays 4889 x 9 & 4880a subs x 4 .jpg thumb L Acoustics dV DOSC line array at a concert A line array is a loudspeaker system that is made up of a number of loudspeaker elements coupled ... ft the drivers in a line array will start to become omni directional, so the system will not conform ... designed line arraysystem, that pattern should closely match the low frequency directional ... line array displays a normally wide horizontal pattern useful for supplying sound to the majority ... can behave as a horizontal line array unless the signal supplied to them is adjusted delayed, polarized ... boxes to the array will also lower the frequency in which the array achieves a directional dispersion pattern. The large format line array has become the standard for large concert venues and outdoor .... The lower portion of the line array is generally curved backward to increase dispersion at the bottom of the array and allow sound to reach more audience members. Typically, cabinets used in line ... Four driver column loudspeaker polar patterns, taken at six frequencies The line array effect of the narrowing ... team talks about line array concepts ref He published his findings in his 1957 text, Acoustical Engineering. ref http www.meyersound.com support papers line array theory.htm ref Olson used line array concepts to develop the column speaker in which vertically aligned drivers in a single enclosure ... for asking P3 ref A multi band line array elements in a horizontally oriented enclosure was suggested ... JBL s development team talks about line array concepts ref However it was L Acoustics V DOSC line array in the mid 1990s that would show the concert world that a more level and smoother frequency response can come from fewer boxes in a line array. As soon as people realized that there was no destructive ... wanted to know about line arrays and thanks for asking P3 ref Theory Pure line array theory is based ... is the term applied to the dispersion pattern of a line array. It means that when you stack a number ... more details
several in flight missiles. The AN SPY 1 phased array radar, part of the Aegis combat system ... Navy and the Dutch Navy have developed the Active Phased Array Radar System APAR . Image APAR.jpg ... of the German Navy . See also Active Electronically Scanned Array , Aegis combat system and AN SPY ... system of Tony Faulkner Antenna Types DEFAULTSORT Phased Array Category Broadcast engineering ...About general theory and electromagnetic phased array the ultrasonic and medical imaging application phased array ultrasonics the optical application phased array optics Image PAVE PAWS Radar Clear AFS Alaska.jpg thumb PAVE PAWS phased array radar in Alaska File Radar RAF Fylingdales.jpg thumb RAF Fylingdales ... Mammut Hoarding radar illustration.png thumb Mammut phased array radar World War II In wave theory , a phased array is an Antenna array electromagnetic array of antennas in which the relative Phase waves ... that the effective radiation pattern of the array is reinforced in a desired direction ... 027 3979.htm Definition of Phased Array . Accessed April 27, 2006. ref An antenna array is a group of multiple ... of the antenna array. Use of the term active antennas is intended to describe elements whose energy ... television antenna , which has multiple elements coupled together. History Phased array transmission ... laureates 1909 braun lecture.pdf Braun s Nobel Prize lecture. The phased array section is on pages 239 240. ref During World War II , Nobel Prize Nobel Laureate Luis Alvarez used phased array transmission in a rapidly steerable radar system for ground controlled approach , a system to aid in the landing ... interferometric radio antennas. In 2007 DARPA researchers announced a 16 element phased array ... Silicon Phased Array Chip Developed at UC San Diego in UCSD News reviewed 02. November 2007 ref ... pattern of the array. A phased array may be used to point a fixed radiation pattern, or to wikt ... was first demonstrated in a phased array antenna at Hughes Aircraft Company, Culver City ... more details
priority takes first position in sorted array. Hence priority wise system processes scheduling is done. ref cite book title Operating System Concepts by Peter B. Galvin publisher WILEY INDIA Pvt. limited ...Infobox data structure name Sorted array type Array invented by John von Neumann invented year 1945 space avg O n space worst O n search avg O log n search worst O log n insert avg O n insert worst O n delete avg O n delete worst O n A sorted array is an array data structure in which each element is sorted in numerical, alphabetical, or some other order, and placed at equally spaced addresses in computer memory. It is typically used in computer science to implement static and dynamic data structures static lookup table s to hold multiple values which have the same data type . Sorting an array is useful in organising data in ordered form and recovering them rapidly. Methods There are many well known methods by which an array can be sorted. Some of them are Selection sort , Bubble sort , Insertion ... array are found using a binary search , in O log n thus sorted arrays are suited for cases when ... binary search tree s. In some data structures, an array of structures is used. In such cases, the same ... a sorted dynamic array , then it is possible to insert and delete elements. The insertion and deletion of elements in a sorted array executes at O n , due to the need to shift all the elements ... dynamic array can do this in Amortized analysis amortized O 1 time while a self balancing binary search tree always operates at O log n . Elements in a sorted array can be looked up by their index .... History John von Neumann wrote the first array sorting program merge sort in 1945, when the EDVAC ... system level many processes are pending at a time, but CPU can handle only one process at single instance ... according to the highest priority by using sorted array of process ID s. Here, processes got sorted ... P1 3 P2 4 P3 1 P4 8 P5 6 See Also array data structure insertion sort sorting algorithm binary search ... more details
of the ArraySystem The notes are arranged according to the arraysystem, developed by musicologist, performer, and author Bill Wesley. The Arraysystem of organizing the notes is similar to the Wicki ... of the same note with one finger. The Arraysystem is a specific pattern of arranging musical tones ... adjacently, excluding dissonant notes . There is only one unimorphic planar as opposed to linear system available on a lead instrument at this time, and that is the system used for organizing the Array mbira. Because the Arraysystem is isomorphic, any given chord, scale, or song, no matter how complex .... The Arraysystem can be thought of not only as being based on the circle of fifths, but as being based ... octave of every note , complex rhythms and fast melodies are easier to play. The Arraysystem allows ...Unreferenced date March 2011 File Arraymbiraplayed.jpg thumb right 300px Patrick Hadley playing an array mbira The Array mbira is a hand crafted modern musical instrument with a unique harp or bell like sound. It is made in the United States by its inventor Bill Wesley and manufactured by Wesley with Patrick Hadley in San Diego, California, United States. It is a radical redesign of the African mbira ... runs through the chromatic scale . Usually, the Array mbira contains two and a half repetitions of the entire ... octave Array mbira uses 5 30 150 tines. The arrangement of the tines allows music to be played with relative ease in any key. Description Generally, the Array mbira is large enough to allow two ... than other mbiras and kalimbas. Two types of Array mbiras are available, a hollow body and a solid ... of playing an Array mbira is that less shifting around of movement is required for playing a given ..., playing a melody on an Array Mbira is unfamiliar for musicians who have trained on other instruments ... dissonant intervals. The Array mbira is played by a number of notable musicians, including ... ArrayPlayers DEFAULTSORT Array Mbira Category Custom made instruments Category Lamellophones ... more details
technical date February 2012 Curtain arrays are a class of radio transmission Antenna radio antenna originally developed during the 1920s and 1930s when there was a lot of experimentation with long distance shortwave broadcasting. The underlying concept is to achieve improvements in gain and or directionality over the simple dipole , possibly by folding one or more dipoles into a smaller physical space, or to arrange multiple dipoles such that their radiation patterns reinforce each other, thus concentrating more signal into a given target area. The first curtain arrays to achieve popularity were the Sterba antenna Sterba curtain , patented by Ernest J. Sterba in 1929 ref Sterba, E.J. November 1, 1932 . http www.aktuellum.com circuits antenna patent patents 1885151.pdf Directive Antenna System . Accessed February 2012. ref and the Bruce array invented by Edmond Bruce sometime in the late 1920 s. The Bruce array produces a vertically polarised signal, Sterba arrays and HRS antennas produce a horizontally polarised signal. The Sterba array was used by Bell Labs and others during the 1930 s and 1940 s. The Sterba curtain is however a narrowband design and is only steerable by mechanical means. However, as far back as the mid 1930s, Radio Netherlands was using a rotatable HRS antenna for global coverage. Since the 1950 s the HRS design has become more or less the standard for long distance high power shortwave broadcasting 1000 km . References Reflist Category Amateur radio Category Radio ... more details
, array slicing is an operation that extracts certain elements from an array and packages them as another array, possibly with different number of indices or dimensions and different index ranges. Two ... vector . Depending on the programming language and context, the elements of the new array may be aliasing computing aliased to i.e., share memory with those of the original array. Details For one ... elements 2, 5, 7, 3, 8, 6, 4, 1 , and we want to create an array slice from the 3rd to the 6th ... dimensional slices rectangular matrices from a three dimensional array. However, since the range ... to actually eliminate the trivial indices. General array slicing can be implemented whether or not built into the language by referencing every array through a dope vector or descriptor &mdash a record that contains the address of the first array element, and then the range of each index and the corresponding coefficient in the indexing formula. This technique also allows immediate array transpose ... the indices always start at zero, the dope vector of an array with d indices has at least 1 2 d ... Pascal , the dope vector needs 1 3 d entries. If the array abstraction does not support true negative ... used to specify an offset from the end of the array in that dimension. In 1 based schemes, 1 generally would indicate the second to last item, while in a 0 based system, it would mean the very last ... indices of an array element or, for that matter, of a procedure call to be omitted when used as an actual ... multi dimensional array slicing, which contributed much to the language s expressive power and popularity. ALGOL 68 1968 introduced comprehensive multi dimension array slicing and trimming features. Array slicing facilities have been incorporated in several modern languages, such as Ada programming ..., in which case they default to the declared array bounds. Neither the stride facility, nor diagonal ... Octave Scilab A round rand 3, 4, 5 10 3x4x5 three dimensional or cubic array A , , 3 3x4 two dimensional ... more details
In computer science , an associative array , map , or dictionary is an abstract data type composed of a Collection ... array. A standard solution to the dictionary problem is a hash table in some cases it is also possible to solve the problem using directly addressed Array data structure array s, binary search tree s, or other ... array, the association between a key and a value is often known as a binding , and the same ... that are usually defined for an associative array are ref name gt ref name ms Add or insert add ... is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some associative array implementations .... A multimap generalizes an associative array by allowing multiple values to be associated with a single ... which books are checked out to which patrons may be represented by an associative array, in which ... , the current checkouts may be represented by an associative array pre Great Expectations ... Expectations in this array would return the name of the person who checked out that book, John. If John returns his book, that would cause a deletion operation in the associative array, and if Pat ... is no longer present in the array. Implementation For dictionaries with very small numbers of bindings ... range of integers, is direct addressing into an array the value for a given key k is stored at the array cell A k , or if there is no binding for k then the cell stores a special sentinel value ... frequently used general purpose implementation of an associative array is with a hash table an Array data structure array of bindings, together with a hash function that maps each possible key into an array ... at that cell of the array and using the binding found there. However, hash table based dictionaries ... of keys such as radix tree s, trie s, Judy array s, or van Emde Boas tree s, but these implementation ... to handle operations beyond the basic ones of an associative array, such as finding the binding whose ... library. In some languages, they are not only built into the standard system, but have special ... more details
In experiments in which additional factors are not likely to interact with any of the other factors, a saturated array can be used. In a saturated matrix mathematics array , a controllable design of experiments factor is substituted for the interaction of two or more by products. Using a saturated array, a two factor test matrix could be used to test three factors. Using the saturated array allows three factors to be tested in four tests rather than in eight, as would be required by a standard orthogonality orthogonal array. statistics stub Category Design of experiments ... more details
File Smithsonian Submillimeter Array.jpg thumb 300px The Submillimeter Array File Mk submm array.jpg thumb 300px The Array under construction in 2002 The Submillimeter Array SMA consists of eight convert 6 m adj on diameter radio telescope s arranged as an interferometer for submillimetre astronomy submillimeter wavelength observations. It is the first purpose built submillimeter interferometer, constructed after successful interferometry experiments using the pre existing convert 15 m 0 adj on James Clerk Maxwell Telescope and convert 10.4 m 1 adj on Caltech Submillimeter Observatory as an interferometer. All three of these observatories are located at Mauna Kea Observatory on Mauna Kea , Hawaii , and can be operated together as a ten element interferometer in the 230 and 345 GHz bands eSMA, for e xtended S ub m illimeter A rray . The baseline lengths presently in use range from convert 16 to 508 m 0 , and up to convert 783 m 0 for eSMA operations. The radio frequencies accessible to this telescope range from 180 to 700 GHz which includes rotational transitions of dozens of molecular species as well as continuum emission from interstellar dust grains. Although the array is capable of operating both day and night, most of the observations take place at nighttime when the atmospheric phase stability is best. The SMA is jointly operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Science with the SMA The SMA ..., bodies in our own solar system, such as planet s, asteroid s, comet s, and natural satellite moons ... Scale Imaging of the Pluto Charon Binary System at 1.4 mm journal Bulletin of the American Astronomical ... event horizon . See also Atacama Large Millimeter Array , under construction in Chile References reflist External links http www.cfa.harvard.edu sma Submillimeter Array website http www.cfa.harvard.edu ... and structures in Hawaii County, Hawaii de Submillimeter Array ko ja uk ... more details
Programming paradigms In computer science , array programming languages also known as vector or multidimensional ... geometric vector s, matrix mathematics matrices , and higher dimensional arrays. Array programming ... be dramatic in certain cases it is not uncommon to find array programming language one liner program ... programming language to provide array programming capabilities. The mnemonic APL refers to the title .... Concepts The fundamental idea behind array programming is that operations apply at once to an entire ... behind array programming actually referring to APL as follows quote most programming languages are decidedly ... derive more efficient algorithm. The basis behind array programming and thinking is to find and exploit ... , array orientation looks to group data and apply a uniform handling. Function rank is an important concept to array programming languages in general, by analogy to tensor rank in mathematics functions ... the dimensionality of an input data array by one or more dimensions. For example, summing over elements collapses the input array by 1 dimension. Uses Array programming is very well suited to implicit ... set MMX and continuing through SSSE3 and 3DNow , which include rudimentary SIMD array capabilities. Array ... or more cores are increasingly common today. Languages maincat Array programming languages The canonical examples of array programming languages are APL programming language APL , J programming ... Program static void Main string args int numbers Array declaration Console.WriteLine Please enter the array size int n int.Parse Console.ReadLine Getting the Array size from user numbers new int n Array Creation for int i 0 i numbers.Length i Reading the Array Elements from user Console.WriteLine ... operations on arrays is both tedious and error prone. In array languages, operations are generalized ... elements as illustrated in the loops above. Within the array programming paradigm, the previous ... input Enter numbers , s , d source without the need to statically decide the array size. Array programming ... more details
multiple issues confusing January 2010 notability January 2010 unreferenced January 2010 orphan July 2010 wikify January 2011 Control Array mostly used in Visual Basic is the collection of controls that programmer put it in form VB Form . Control array is always a single dimensional Array data structure array . Control array is that you can add or delete array elements at run time. With some controls, it is very useful to define control arrays it depends on the application. Control arrays are a convenient way to handle groups of controls that perform a similar function. All of the events available to the single control are still available to the array of controls, the only difference being an argument indicating the index of the selected array element is passed to the event. Hence, instead of writing individual procedures for each control i.e. not using control arrays , you only have to write one procedure for each array. Category BASIC programming language family ... more details
array is an Array data structure array in which most of the elements have the same value known ... array is inefficient for both computation and storage. An array in which there are a large number ... from an empty array position. If we do this, then for array of numbers, it should return zero, and for array of objects, it should return null. A naive implementation of an array may allocate space for the entire array, but in the case where there are few non default values, this implementation is inefficient. Typically the algorithm used instead of an ordinary array is determined by other known features or statistical features of the array for instance, if the sparsity is known in advance, or if the elements ... storing all of the allocated regions in, say a bit array . so what? blank space is not an indexed array sparse or not , indeed Representation Sparse Array can be represented as Sparse Array pos1 val1, pos2 val2,... or br Sparse Array pos1, pos2,... val1, val2,... which yields a sparse array in which values math val i math appear at positions math pos i math . Sparse Array as Linked List An obvious question that might be asked is why we need a linked list to represent a sparse array if we can represent it easily using a normal array. The answer to this question lies in the fact that while representing a sparse array as a normal array, a lot of space is allocated for zero or null elements. For example, consider the following array declaration br double arr 1000 1000 br When we define this array as enough space of 1,000,000 doubles is allocated. As each double requires 8 bytes of memory, this array will require 8 million bytes of memory. Because this is a sparse array, most of its elements will have a value of zero or null . Hence, defining this array will soak up all this space which will result in wastage of memory. An effective way to overcome this problem is to represent the array ..., when a linked list is used, the array elements can be accessed through fewer iterations than in a normal ... more details
orphan date December 2008 For the DVD magazine, see Array DVD magazine Deleted image removed Image ARRAY magazine.jpg right 150px ARRAY Magazine is a New York based interior design, lifestyle and culture quarterly magazine sponsored by the New York Design Center . It has been published since the winter of 2003 2004. With 40,000 readers, ARRAY is geared toward interior design professionals and their clients. External links http www.arrayny.com ARRAY Homepage Category Interior design Category Quarterly magazines Category Media in New York City Category Publications established in 2003 Category Magazines published in New York art mag stub hu ARRAY Magazine ... more details
File Aerial antenna.JPG thumb right 250px A multiband US television reception antenna Antenna array may refer to Antenna array electromagnetic a group of isotropic radiators such that the currents running through them are of different amplitudes and phases Interferometry Interferometric array of radio telescopes used in radio astronomy Phased array , also known as a smart antenna , an electronically steerable directional antenna typically used in Radar and in wireless communication systems, in view to achieve beamforming , multiple input and multiple output MIMO communication or space time coding Directional array refers to multiple antennas arranged such that the superposition of the electromagnetic waves produce a predictable electromagnetic field. Direction finding Watson Watt .2F Adcock antenna array Watson Watt Adcock antenna array the Watson Watt technique uses two Adcock antenna pairs to perform an amplitude comparison on the incoming signal. References reflist disambig ... more details
Citation style date September 2009 The parametric array is a nonlinear transducer transduction mechanism that generates narrow, nearly sidelobe free beams of low frequency sound, through the mixing and interaction of high frequency sound wave s, effectively overcoming the diffraction limit a kind of spatial uncertainty principle associated with linear acoustics. ref cite book last Beyer first Robert T title Nonlinear Acoustics chapter Preface to the Original Edition url http asa.aip.org books nonlinear.html Preface1 ref Parametric arrays can be formed in water, ref name nonlinear underwater acoustics book cite book last1 Novikov first1 B. K. last2 Rudenko first O. V. last3 Timoshenko first3 V. I. others Translated by Robert T. Beyer title Nonlinear Underwater Acoustics url http asa.aip.org books nonuw.html ref air, ref http dx.doi.org 10.1121 1.384959 Experimental study of a saturated parametric array in air ref and earth materials rock. ref http dx.doi.org 10.1121 1.403453 Finite amplitude ... of the parametric array owes to Peter Westervelt Peter J. Westervelt , ref http scitation.aip.org ... Peter Westervelt and the parametric array ref winner of the Lord Rayleigh Medal ref http www.ioa.org.uk ... 554 and Albers 17 , the concept for the parametric array occurred to Dr. Westervelt while he was stationed ... by Captain H.J. Round British pioneer of the superheterodyne receiver via the parametric array mechanism. The phenomenon of the parametric array,seen first experimentally by Westervelt in the 1950s ... 59823423.pdf Sources of Difference Frequency Sound in a Dual Frequency Imaging System with Implications ... Lemelson MIT Prize MIT Lemelson Prize for his application of the parametric array to commercial ... 2 , 179 186. 2 Peter J. Westervelt, Parametric Acoustic Array , Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ... Imaging Computed Tomography by Parametric Acoustic Array Y. Nakagawa M. Nakagawa M. Yoneyama M. Kikuchi IEEE 1984 Ultrasonics Symposium Volume , Issue , 1984 Page s 673 676 DEFAULTSORT Parametric Array ... more details
Image Halbach array.png framed A Halbach array, showing the orientation of each piece s magnetic field. This array would give a strong field underneath, while the field above would cancel. File Halbach array field.jpg thumb The flux diagram of a Halbach array A Halbach array is a special arrangement of permanent magnet s that augments the magnetic field on one side of the array while cancelling the field ... National Laboratory , also independently invented the Halbach array to focus accelerator particle beams ... thumb right The magnetic field around an infinite halbach array of cube magnets. The field doesn t perfectly ..., continuously varying, infinite array is of the form ref http www.uta.edu physics main resources ... of the field at the surface of the array math scriptstyle k math is the spatial wavenumber ... Maglev train system wherein the Halbach arrays repel loops of wire that form the track ... vector. Variable Halbach array A series of magnetic rods, magnetized perpendicular to their axes, can be arranged into a Halbach array. If each rod is then rotated alternately through 90 the resultant ... below. Image HalbachArraySchematic1.png frame center Schematic of a Halbach array consisting of a series ... gearing arrangement for a variable Halbach array. Halbach cylinder A Halbach cylinder is a magnetized .... Uniform fields Image Halbach array by Zureks.png thumb right Uniform field inside Halbach cylinder ... field inside a cavity within an array of permanent magnets. Other classes of design include wedge ... experiments. ref Raich, H., Bl mler, P., Design and construction of a dipolar Halbach array with a homogeneous ... dependent, refrigeration of the entire magnet array can increase the field within the working .... McMurry title An adjustable linear Halbach array journal Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials ... aircraft motor http www.reeserail.com magnet levitated vehicle switching system Use dmy dates date December 2010 DEFAULTSORT Halbach Array Category Levitation Category Magnetic devices ca Matriu Halbach ... more details
In molecular biology and bioinformatics , a SNP array is a type of DNA microarray which is used to detect Polymorphism biology polymorphisms within a population. A single nucleotide polymorphism SNP , a variation at a single site in DNA , is the most frequent type of variation in the genome. For example, there are around 10 million SNPs that have been identified in the human genome . ref Sherry ST, Ward MH, Kholodov M, Baker J, Phan L, Smigielski EM, Sirotkin K. dbSNP the NCBI database of genetic variation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 29 308 311. doi 10.1093 nar 29.1.308 . PubMed Link http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 11125122 ref As SNPs are highly conserved throughout evolution Citation needed date May 2011 and within a population , the map of SNPs serves as an excellent genotypic marker for research. Principles The basic principles of SNP array are the same as the DNA microarray. These are the convergence of DNA hybridization , fluorescence microscope fluorescence microscopy , and solid surface DNA capture. The three mandatory components of the SNP arrays are The array that contains immobilized nucleic acid sequences or target One or more labeled allele specific oligonucleotide ASO probes A detection system that records and interprets the DNA DNA hybridization hybridization signal. To achieve relative concentration independence and minimal cross hybridization, raw sequences and SNPs of multiple databases are scanned to design the probes. Each SNP on the array is interrogated with different probes. Depending on the purpose of experiments, the amount of SNPs present on an array is considered. Applications A SNP array is a useful tool for studying slight variations between whole ... array can also be used to generate a virtual karyotype using software to determine the copy number of each SNP on the array and then align the SNPs in chromosomal order. SNPs can also be used to study ... array studies have shown that solid tumor s such as gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma liver ... more details
In MIMO communication systems, array gain means a power gain of transmitted signals that is achieved by using multiple antennas at transmitter and or receiver, with respect to Single Input and Single Output SISO case. It can be simply called power gain . In a broadside array, the array gain is almost exactly proportional to the length of the array. This is the almost always the case provided that the elements of the antenna are not spaced to a point at which large radiation side lobs form in other directions and that the array length exceeds one or two wavelengths. The power gain of a broadside array is nearly independent of the number of broadside elements as long as both of these conditions are met. ref http www.smeter.net daily facts 12 fact5.php ref The two main types of array gain when combining signals are average power of combined signals relative to the individual average power and the diversity gain related to the probability level of outage. The diversity gain is dependent on spacial correlation coefficients between antenna signals. ref Andersen, J.B. , Array gain and capacity for known random channels with multiple element arrays at both ends, Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on , vol.18, no.11, pp.2172 2178, Nov 2000 doi 10.1109 49.895022 ref Applications In radio astronomy because of background noise from modern communications it is difficult to achieve a good signal to noise ratio. Even for strong astronomical radio emission it is typical for SNR levels to be below 0 decibel. To counter this problem exposure of the antenna to the source over large periods of time are needed just as in visible sky viewing. Array gain is done by using multiple, even dozens of radio receivers to collect as much signal as possible. Robots equipped with antenna arrays have better communication using array gain to eradicate dead spots and reduce interferences. ref Hambling, David. Robots fall into line with the help of sparse array antenna. New Scientist 207 2010 ... more details
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