of having its head flattened, and an adult after the process. Artificialcranialdeformation ... of CranialArtificialDeformation in SW Asia , Paleorient , Volume 18 1992 , pp. 83 ... ?download 18 23 20PanyWiltschke.pdf Artificialcranialdeformation in a migration period burial of Schwarzenbach ... et al., 1995 . In Europe and Asia, three main types of artificialcranialdeformation have been defined by E.V. Zhirov 1941, p. 82 Round Fronto occipital Sagittal. Reasons Cranialdeformation ... links commonscat Artificialcranialdeformation http www.clas.ufl.edu users nparr index files Page398.htm A short discussion of cranialdeformation http www.grifterrec.com coins kushan heraios.html ... Mathematical Analysis of ArtificialCranialDeformation Reconstruction of an Ostrogoth woman from ...?id 699000387 . DEFAULTSORT ArtificialCranialDeformation Category Body modification Category ... hu Mesters ges koponyatorz t s mk ja simple Artificialcranialdeformation ... examples of intentional human cranialdeformation predate written history and date back to 45,000 ... from Shanidar Cave in Iraq . ref cite journal last Trinkaus first Erik year 1982 month April title ArtificialCranialDeformation in the in Shanidar 1 and 5 Neandertals journal Current Anthropology volume .... ref The earliest written record of cranialdeformation dates to 400 BC in Hippocrates description of the Macrocephali or Long heads, who were named for their practice of cranial modification. ref Hippocrates ... Press 1973 , pp. 67 69 ref are also known to have practised similar cranialdeformation. In Late Antiquity ... an Alans Alan . Intentional head moulding producing extreme cranial deformations was once commonly ... , Ostrogoths , Heruli , Rugii and Burgundians . In western Germanic tribes, artificial skull deformations ... ornament.htm accessed 4 October 2009. ref reported in 1896 that deformation of the skull, both by flattening ... , where the skull was squeezed extraordinarily flat. Methods and types Image Maya cranial deformation.gif ... more details
Cranial may refer to an adjective related to the cranium Anatomical terms of location Cranial cavity Cranial Osteopathy disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
wiktionary deform deformation deformity Deformation can refer to Deformation engineering , when an object is changed temporarily Deformation engineering Elastic deformation elastic deformation or permanently Deformation engineering Plastic deformation plastic deformation or fracture due to applied force. Deformation mechanics , A more in depth article that describes deformation as the displacement of a continuum body Deformation meteorology , important in the formation of atmospheric fronts Deformation theory , in mathematics Deformity , in medicine, a major difference in the shape of body part or organ compared to the average shape of that part Deformation science , a change in the volume and or shape of the Earth s crust. See also lookfrom deform intitle deform Defamation slander or libel disambiguation fr D formation pl Deformacja ... more details
during infancy. It is not known whether such artificialcranialdeformation has an effect in mental ...File Gray194.png thumb right Sagittal plane Sagittal section of a human skull, showing the cranial vault The cranial vault is the space in the skull within the neurocranium , occupied by the brain . In human s, the size and shape of the brain, may be affected by the size of the vault as shown in craniometry , but studies relating it to intelligence have been ambivalent. The vault is alternatively called skullcap or even Calvaria skull calvaria , though these properly refer to the upper portion of the skull only. Development In humans, the cranial vault is imperfectly composed in newborns, to allow the large human head to pass through the birth canal . During birth, the various bones connected by cartilage and ligament s only will move relatively to each other. The open portion between the major bones of the upper part of the vault, called fontanelle s, normally remain soft up to two years after birth. As the fontanelles close, the vault loses some of its plasticity. The Suture anatomy sutures between the bones remain until 30 to 40 years of age, allowing for growth of the brain. Cranial vault size is directly proportional to skull size and is developed early. ref cite Changes in vault ... cite During the 125 years under consideration, cranial vaults have become markedly higher and somewhat narrower, with narrower faces. The changes in cranial morphology biology morphology are probably in large part due to changes in growth at the cranial base due to improved environmental conditions ... Abstract Cranial change in Americans 1850 1975. ref The size and shape of the brain and the surrounding ... the enlarged vault found in birds. The cranial vault is composed of the endocranium forming the basal ... ed. 1985 ref In fishes no distinct cranial vault as such exists, the skull being composed of loosely jointed bones. The cranial vault as a distinct unit arose with the fusion of the skull roof and the endocranium ... more details
& Francis isbn 0 419 19940 3 year 1995 ref References Reflist See also colbegin 3 Artificialcranial ...About deformation in engineering a more rigorous treatment Deformation mechanics Refimprove date September 2008 Image DeformationDueToCompression.png thumb right 58px Compressive stress results in deformation which shortens the object but also expands it outwards. In materials science , deformation is a change in the shape or size of an object due to an applied force physics force the deformation energy in this case is transferred through work or a change in temperature the deformation energy in this case ... by the rate of atomic diffusion. Deformation is often described as strain materials science strain ... Solid State Science Series, Eds. Clarke, D.R., et al. 1991 ref As deformation occurs, internal ... force may lead to a permanent deformation of the object or even to its structural failure . In the figure it can be seen that the compressive loading indicated by the arrow has caused deformation ... out laterally. Internal forces in this case at right angles to the deformation resist the applied load. The concept of a rigid body can be applied if the deformation is negligible. Types of deformation ... types of deformation may result. The image to the right shows the engineering stress vs. strain diagram for a typical ductile material such as steel. Different deformation modes may occur under different conditions, as can be depicted using a deformation mechanism map . Image Stress Strain Ductile Material.png thumb right 450px Typical stress vs. strain diagram with the various stages of deformation. Elastic deformation This type of deformation is reversible. Once the forces are no longer ... exhibit large elastic deformation ranges, as does rubber . However elasticity is nonlinear in these materials ... range. Linear elastic deformation is governed by Hooke s law , which states math sigma E varepsilon ... plastic deformation begins. Note that not all elastic materials undergo linear elastic deformation ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Cranial cavity Latin cavitas cranii GraySubject GrayPage Image Scheme body cavities en.svg Caption Body cavities Image2 Gray194.png Caption2 Cranial cavity Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 16 DorlandsSuf 12220441 The cranial cavity , or intracranial space , is the space formed inside the skull . The brain occupies the cranial cavity, which is lined by the meninges and which contains cerebrospinal fluid to cushion blows. Eight fused cranial bones together form the cranial cavity the frontal bone frontal , occipital bone occipital , sphenoid bone sphenoid and ethmoid bones, and two each of the parietal bone parietal and temporal bone temporal bones. ref name Martini Martini R, Ober W, Garrison C, Welch K, and Hutchings RT. 2001. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology , 5th ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. p. 195. ref The capacity of an adult human cranial cavity is 1,200 1,700 cm sup 3 sup . ref Turchin VF. The Phenomenon of Science . http pcp.vub.ac.be POS Turchap5.html Chapter 5 . Retrieved on February 5, 2007. ref See also Intracranial pressure References references External links http www.welovelmc.com books anatomy cranialcavity.htm Anatomy of cranial cavity. Sutures Category Skull anatomy stub bg el fi Kallo ontelo th ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Cranial Impalement Type studio Artist Disgorge band Disgorge Cover Released January, 1998 Recorded Genre Death metal Length 24 07 Label Unique Leader Records br Crash Music Inc. Producer Reviews Last album This album Cranial Impalement br 1997 Next album She Lay Gutted br 1999 Cranial Impalement is the debut studio album by United States American death metal band Disgorge band Disgorge . It was released by Extremities Records in 1998 and re released on August 12, 2008 by Unique Leader Records . The last four tracks were recorded during their 1995 demo. Track listing Deranged Epidemic 3 07 Atonement 3 17 Cognative Lust of Mutilation 2 41 Period of Agony 3 15 Cranial Impalement 3 02 Penetrate the Unfledged 2 57 Malodorous Oblation 2 42 Carnally Decimated 2 49 Outro 0 15 Category Unique Leader Records albums Category 1997 albums 1990s death metal album stub ... more details
Too Fast For Technology Cranial Screwtop album Too Fast For Technology 2011 Power Ups Cranial Screwtop album Power Ups Track listing All songs arranged by Cranial Screwtop. Planet Earth song Planet ... Website Cranial Screwtop s start s end Category British punk rock groups ... more details
Refimprove date November 2009 Cranial capacity is a measure of the volume of the interior of the cranium also called the braincase or brainpan of those vertebrates who have both a cranium and a brain . The most commonly used unit of measure is the cubic centimetre or cc. The volume of the cranium is used as a rough indicator of the size of the brain, and this in turn is used as a rough indicator of the potential intelligence of the organism. However, larger cranial capacity is not always indicative of a more intelligent organism, since larger capacities are required for controlling a larger body, or in some cases are an adaptive feature for life in a colder environment Citation needed date February 2010 . Neurological functions are determined more by the organization of the brain rather than the volume. Individual variability is also important when considering cranial capacity, for example the average Neanderthal cranial capacity for females is 1300 cc and 1600 for males Stanford, 2009, 301 . In an attempt to use cranial capacity as an objective indicator of brain size, the encephalization quotient EQ was developed in 1973 by Harry Jerison. It compares the size of the brain of the specimen to the expected brain size of animals with roughly the same weight Campbell et al., 2006, 346 . This way a more objective judgement can be made on the cranial capacity of an individual animal. Examples of cranial capacity Orangutan s 275&ndash 500 cc Chimpanzee s 275&ndash 500 cc Gorilla s 340&ndash 752 cc Human s 1000&ndash 1850 cc Neanderthal s 1200&ndash 1900 cc Examples of early Hominidae hominid s class wikitable Taxon Size cc Number of specimens Age megannum Australopithecus afarensis align right 438 align center 4 3.6&ndash 2.9 Australopithecus africanus align right 452 align center 7 3.0&ndash 2.4 Paranthropus boisei align right 521 align center 1 2.3&ndash 1.4 Paranthropus robustus align right 530 align center 1 1.9&ndash 1.4 Homo habilis align right ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name Cranial nerves Latin nervus cranialis plural nervi craniales GraySubject GrayPage Image Brain human normal inferior view with labels en 2.svg Caption Inferior view of the Human brain brain and brain stem showing cranial nerves . An unlabelled version is File Brain human normal inferior ... TA A14.2.00.038 Cranial nerves are nerve s that emerge directly from the brain , in contrast to spinal ... pairs of cranial nerves. Only the first and the second pair emerge from the cerebrum the remaining ten pairs emerge from the brainstem . Cranial nerves in non human vertebrates Human cranial nerves are nerves similar to those found in many other vertebrate s. Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in other ... nerve numbered cranial nerve 0 zero , since it exits the brain before the traditionally designated first cranial nerve. Because they exit from the brainstem as opposed to the spinal column, these are part of the central nervous system. List of cranial nerves class wikitable Number Name Sensory, br Motor ... . Located in the jugular foramen . XI Accessory nerve Accessory or cranial accessory nerve or spinal accessory nerve Mainly Motor Cranial and Spinal Roots Nucleus ambiguus , Spinal accessory ... thumb Some of the major cranial nerves and their ganglia and fiber connections 300px right Mnemonic devices main List of mnemonics for the cranial nerves As the list is important to keep in mind during ... the names and order of the cranial nerves. Because the mind recalls rhymes well, the best mnemonics ... is required See also Cranial nerve nucleus List of mnemonics for the cranial nerves Cranial nerve examination References Refimprove date January 2008 reflist 1 Nervous system Cranial nerves Category Cranial nerves Link GA az ar az K ll sinirl ri bg ca Parell cranial cs Hlavov nervy da Kranienerve de Hirnnerv et Kraniaaln rvid el es Par craneal eo Cerba nervo fa fr Nerf cr nien ga N ar ga Cr iniacha gl Par cranial ko hr Mo dani ... more details
Cranial kinesis is the term for significant movement of skull bones relative to each other in addition to movement at the joint between the upper and lower jaw. It is usually taken to mean relative movement between the upper jaw and the braincase. ref name kardong cite book last Kardong first Kenneth V. title Vertebrates Comparitive anatomy, function and evolution publisher Wm. C. Brown year 1995 ref Most vertebrates have some form of kinetic skull. ref name kardong Cranial kinesis, or lack thereof, is usually linked to feeding. Animals which must exert powerful bite forces, such as crocodiles, often have rigid skulls with little or no kinesis for maximum strength. Animals which swallow large prey whole snake s , which grip awkwardly shaped prey parrot s eating nuts , or, most often, which feed in the water via suction feeding often have very kinetic skulls, frequently with numerous mobile .... Ancestry also plays a role in limiting or enabling cranial kinesis. Significant cranial kinesis is rare in mammal s the human skull shows no cranial kinesis at all . Birds have varying degrees of cranial ... s lack cranial kinesis, while lizards possess some, often minor, degree of kinesis and snake s possessing the most exceptional cranial kinesis of any tetrapod . In amphibians, cranial kinesis varies ... range of movement. Types of kinesis Versluys 1910, 1912, 1936 classified types of cranial kinesis ... also be possible. ref name hollidaywitmer cite journal title Cranial Kinesis in Dinosaurs Intracranial Joints, Protractor Muscles, and Their Significance for Cranial Evolution and Function in Diapsids ... the braincase and palate at the basipterygopterygoid joint. Fish The first example of cranial kinesis ... accessdate 2010 05 22 ref Birds Birds show a vast range of cranial kinetic hinges in their skulls. Zusi ... 05 27 ref recognised three basic forms of cranial kinesis in birds, Prokinesis, where the upper beak ... http www.youtube.com watch?v 6Sr5is7 wdk DEFAULTSORT Cranial Kinesis Category Musculoskeletal system ... more details
In mathematics, a deformation ring is a ring mathematics ring that controls liftings of a representation of a Galois group from a finite field to a local field . In particular for any such lifting problem there is often a universal deformation ring that classifies all such liftings, and whose spectrum is the universal deformation space . A key step in Wiles s proof of the modularity theorem was to study the relation between universal deformation rings and Hecke algebra s. References Citation editor1 last Cornell editor1 first Gary editor2 last Silverman editor2 first Joseph H. editor2 link Joseph H. Silverman editor3 last Stevens editor3 first Glenn title Modular forms and Fermat s last theorem url http books.google.com books?id Va quzVwtMsC publisher Springer Verlag location Berlin, New York isbn 978 0 387 94609 2 978 0 387 98998 3 mr 1638473 year 1997 Category Number theory mathematics stub ... more details
Refimprove date June 2008 Deformation monitoring also referred to as Deformation survey is the systematic ... of Stress mechanics stress es induced by applied loads. Deformation monitoring is a major component of logging measured values that may be used to for further computation, deformation analysis, predictive ... . Blackie and Son Ltd. ISBN 0 216 93141 X, USA and Canada ISBN 0 442 31333 0 ref Deformation ... for Deformation engineering deformation monitoring are changes in the bedrock, increase or decrease ... 1 for a deformation monitoring depend on the application 2 , the chosen method 3 and the required ... and geotechnical sensors. Both measuring devices can be seamlessly combined in modern deformation ... Deformation monitoring can be required for the following applications Dam s Roads Tunnels ... and Volcanology Volcanoes Slopes Settlement areas Earthquake areas Methods Deformation monitoring can be made manually or automatically. Manual deformation monitoring is the operation of sensors or instruments by hand for the purpose of deformation monitoring. An Automatic Deformation Monitoring System automatic deformation monitoring system is a group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent software and hardware elements forming a complex whole for deformation monitoring that, once set up, does not require human input to function. Note that deformation analysis and interpretation ... interval ranges from fractions of a second to hours. Risk management Deformation monitoring ... See also Automatic Deformation Monitoring System Automatic deformation monitoring system Surveying Deformation Survey Engineering geology Methods and reporting Engineering Geology SAA ShapeAccelArray ... manuals em1110 2 1009 toc.htm Engineering and Design Structural Deformation Surveying http www.cces.de ... 6 deformation monitoring, analysis and interpretation http www.globalsurveys.com.au Global Infrastructure ... Category Structural engineering Category Geology Category Geotechnical engineering Category Deformation ... more details
Orphan date September 2011 Incomplete date March 2011 Auscultation can be performed upon the skull to check for intracranial bruit s. Such a bruit may be found in such conditions as cerebral angioma, tumour of the paraganglioma glomus jugulare , intracranial aneurysm , meningioma , occlusion of the internal carotid artery, or intracranial hypertension increased intracranial pressure . Clinical observations The following extract details a method of performing cranial auscultation blockquote p A bruit should be listened for, in quiet surroundings, over the skull and eyeballs, the latter situation being the most favourable for hearing the softest ones. The patient should be asked to close both eyes gently and the stethoscope firmly applied over one eye. During auscultation the other eye should be opened as in this way there is considerable diminution of eyelid flutter, which may cause confusion if rhythmical. Auscultation is then carried out over the other eye in a similar manner. If a murmur is not readily heard the patient should be asked to hold his breath. Finally auscultation should be carried out over the temporal fossa temporal foss and mastoid process es. ref Mackenzie, Ian. The intracranial bruit in Brain 1955 78 3 350 368 doi 10.1093 brain 78.3.350 ref p blockquote Notes Reflist Category Neurology procedures Category Neurosurgery ... more details
Deformation bands are small Fault geology faults with very small displacements. In the past, these bands have been called Luder s bands or braided shear fractures. ref name Schultz Schultz, R. 2009. Fractures and Deformation Bands in Rock A Field Guide and Journey into Geologic Fracture Mechanics. Oxford University Press ref ref http www.springerlink.com content r70236158556gww32 ref dead link date February 2012 They often proceed large faults. They develop in Porosity porous rocks , like sandstone . Material in a deformation band has a much smaller grain size, poorer sorting, and a lower porosity than the original sandstone. They can restrict and or change the flow of fluids like water and oil. They are common in the Colorado Plateau . ref http folk.uib.no nglhe Utah.html ref Good examples form in the Entrada Sandstone in the San Rafael Swell in Utah . ref name Schultz ref The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter showed deformation bands in Capen Crater, located in the Arabia quadrangle . The bands represent failure by localized frictional sliding. Deformation bands are present in a variety of porous rock types such as Sandstone sandstones , Limestone limestones , Siltstone siltstones , poorly welded volcanic Tuff tuffs , and Breccia breccias . The Cataclastic and compactional kind of bands often form seals and prevent the flow of liquids like water or oil. In their formation grains shift their packing and are crushed. ref http mars.jpl.nasa.gov mro gallery press 20080918c.html ref ref Schultz, R. and R. Siddharthan. 2005. A general framework for the occurrence and faulting of deformation bands in porous granular rocks. Tectonophysics 411. 1 18. ref gallery Image Deformation Bands on Mars.jpg The group of lines running up and down in the image are believed to be deformation bands. They can be thought of as small faults. gallery References reflist Category Structural geology Geology stub Mars stub ... more details
In structural geology , metallurgy and materials science , deformation mechanisms refer to the various mechanisms at the grain scale that are responsible for accommodating large plasticity physics plastic strains in rocks, metals and other materials. Mechanisms The active deformation mechanism in a material depends on the homologous temperature , confining pressure , strain rate , Stress physics stress , grain size, presence or absence of a pore fluid, presence or absence of impurities in the material. Note these variables are not fully independent e.g. for a pure material of a fixed grain size, at a given pressure, temperature and stress, the strain rate is given by the flow law associated with the particular mechanism s . More than one mechanism may be active under a given set of conditions and some mechanisms cannot operate independently but must act in conjunction with another in order that significant permanent strain can develop. In a single deformation episode, the dominant mechanism may change with time e.g. recrystallization to a fine grain size at an early stage may allow diffusive mass transfer processes to become dominant. The recognition of the active mechanism s in a material almost always requires the use of microscopic techniques, in most cases using a combination of optical microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy SEM and Transmission electron microscopy TEM . Using a combination of experimental deformation to find the flow laws under particular conditions and from ... under which individual deformation mechanisms dominate for some materials in the form of deformation ... actual deformation. Grain boundary migration involves no strain in itself, but is one of the recovery ... publisher Springer location Berlin year pages isbn 3 540 58713 6 oclc doi refend See also Deformation mechanism maps Creep deformation DEFAULTSORT Deformation Mechanism Category Structural geology Category Metallurgy Category Deformation ... more details
Technical date June 2010 Deformation is the rate of change of shape of fluid bodies. Meteorologically, this quantity is very important in the formation of Weather fronts atmospheric fronts , in the explanation of cloud shapes, and in the diffusion of materials and properties. ref name Djuri , D 1994 Djuri , D Weather Analysis . Prentice Hall, 1994. ISBN 0 13 501149 3. ref Equations The deformation of horizontal wind is defined as math def mathbf V sqrt A 2 B 2 math , where math A frac partial v partial x frac partial u partial y math and math B frac partial u partial x frac partial v partial y math , representing the derivatives of wind component. Because these derivatives vary greatly with the rotation of the coordinate system, so do math A math and math B math . ref name Djuri , D 1994 Stretching direction The deformation elements math A math and math B math above can be used to find the direction of the dilatation axis , the line along which the material elements stretch also known as the stretching direction . Several flow patterns are characteristic of large deformation confluence, diffluence, and shear flow. visible anchor Confluence , also known as stretching , is the elongating of a fluid body along the flow streamline convergence . visible anchor Diffluence , also known as shearing , is the elongating of a fluid body normal to the flow streamline divergence . ref name Djuri , D 1994 See also Wind shear Convergence zone Divergence References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Deformation Meteorology Category Vector calculus fr Diffluence m t orologie nn Deformasjon i meteorologi ... more details
About deformation in mechanics the term s use in engineering Deformation engineering Deformation in continuum ... particles of the body. Contrary to the common definition of deformation, which implies distortion or change ... do not take place ref name Truesdell footnote 4, p. 48 . The cause of a deformation is not pertinent to the definition of the term. However, it is usually assumed that a deformation is caused by external ... the body. Strain is a description of deformation in terms of relative displacement of particles in the body ... dual is considered. In a continuous body, a deformation field results from a Stress physics stress ... stresses have been removed. One type of irreversible deformation is plastic deformation , which ... mechanisms at the atomic level. Another type of irreversible deformation is viscous deformation , which is the irreversible part of viscoelasticity viscoelastic deformation. In the case of elastic ... tensor of the material. Continuum mechanics Strain A strain is a normalized measure of deformation ... deformation of a body can be expressed in the form math mathbf x boldsymbol F mathbf X math where .... A deformation has units of length. We could, for example, define strain to be math boldsymbol ... a given deformation differs locally from a rigid body deformation. ref cite book last Lubliner first ... deformation, the analysis of deformation is subdivided into three deformation theories Finite strain theory , also called large strain theory , large deformation theory , deals with deformations ... , also called small strain theory , small deformation theory , small displacement theory , or small ... is used in the analysis of deformations of materials exhibiting Deformation engineering Elastic deformation elastic behavior, such as materials found in mechanical and civil engineering applications ... strain or engineering strain is expressed as the ratio of total deformation to the initial dimension ... strain is defined as the tangent of that angle, and is equal to the length of deformation at its maximum ... more details
In mathematics , deformation theory is the study of infinitesimal conditions associated with varying a solution P of a problem to slightly different solutions P sub sub , where is a small number, or vector of small quantities. The infinitesimal conditions are therefore the result of applying the approach of differential calculus to solving a problem with Constraint mathematics constraint s. One can think of a structure that is not completely rigid, and that deforms slightly to accommodate forces applied from outside this explains the name. clarify Is this an analogy, or an object of study? date December 2011 Some characteristic phenomena are the derivation of first order equations by treating the quantities as having negligible squares the possibility of isolated solutions , in that varying a solution may not be possible, or does not bring anything new and the question of whether the infinitesimal constraints actually integrate , so that their solution does provide small variations. In some form these considerations have a history of centuries in mathematics, but also in physics ... s. Deformations of complex manifolds The most salient deformation theory in mathematics has ... work of Kunihiko Kodaira and D. C. Spencer , after deformation techniques had received a great deal ..., that deformation theory, of the first order, should equate to the Zariski tangent space to a moduli ... function theory. The general Kodaira Spencer theory identifies as the key to the deformation ... of earlier work and deformation theory of other structures, such as algebras. Relationship ... cohomology stimulated much interest in deformation theory in relation to string theory roughly speaking, to formalise the idea that a string theory can be regarded as a deformation of a point particle ... d030700 title deformation External links PDFlink http www.math.ucdavis.edu osserman classes 256A notes deform.pdf A glimpse of deformation theory , lecture notes by Brian Osserman Category Algebraic geometry ... more details
In mathematics , a function of bounded deformation is a function whose distributional derivative s are not quite well behaved enough to qualify as functions of bounded variation , although the symmetric part of the derivative matrix does meet that condition. Thought of as deformations of elasticity physics elasto plasticity physics plastic bodies, functions of bounded deformation play a major role in the mathematical study of materials science materials , e.g. the Francfort Marigo model of fracture brittle crack evolution . More precisely, given an open set open subset &Omega of R sup n sup , a function u &Omega &rarr R sup n sup is said to be of bounded deformation if the symmetrized gradient &epsilon u of u , math varepsilon u frac nabla u nabla u top 2 math is a bounded function bounded , symmetric matrix symmetric n × n matrix valued Radon measure . The collection of all functions of bounded deformation is denoted BD &Omega R sup n sup , or simply BD. BD is a strictly larger space than the space BV of functions of bounded variation . One can show that if u is of bounded deformation then the measure &epsilon u can be decomposed into three parts one absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure , denoted e u d x a jump part, support measure theory supported on a rectifiable n &minus 1 dimensional set J sub u sub of points where u has two different approximate limits u sub sub and u sub &minus sub , together with a normal vector &nu sub u sub and a Cantor set Cantor part , which vanishes on Borel sets of finite H sup n &minus 1 sup measure where H sup k sup denotes k dimensional Hausdorff measure . A function u is said to be of special bounded deformation if the Cantor part of &epsilon u vanishes, so that the measure can be written as math varepsilon u e u , mathrm d x big u x u x big odot nu u ... a odot b frac a otimes b b otimes a 2 . math The collection of all functions of special bounded deformation ... more details
, and near melting point. Creep always increases with temperature. The rate of this deformation ... load . Depending on the magnitude of the applied stress and its duration, the deformation may become ... components that operate under high stresses or high temperatures. Creep is a deformation mechanism ..., creep deformation does not occur suddenly upon the application of stress. Instead, Strain materials science strain accumulates as a result of long term stress. Creep is a time dependent deformation. The temperature range in which creep deformation may occur differs in various materials. For example, tungsten requires a temperature in the thousands of degrees before creep deformation can occur while ... As a rule of thumb, the effects of creep deformation generally become noticeable at approximately .... An example of an application involving creep deformation is the design of tungsten light bulb filaments. Sagging of the filament coil between its supports increases with time due to creep deformation caused by the weight of the filament itself. If too much deformation occurs, the adjacent turns of the coil ... or 3500 psi . In jet engines, temperatures can reach up to 1400 C 2550 F and initiate creep deformation ... the creep deformation behavior of materials. Creep deformation is important not only in systems ... ductile transition zone Deformation mechanism Hysteresis Stress relaxation Viscoelasticity Viscoplasticity ... 9 publisher Pergamon Press title Deformation Mechanism Maps The Plasticity and Creep of Metals and Ceramics ... defmech Deformation Mechanism Maps, The Plasticity and Creep of Metals and Ceramics http www.nist.gov ... Category Elasticity physics Category Materials degradation Category Deformation ar ca ... more details
In mathematics , the equations governing the isomonodromic deformation of meromorphic linear systems of ordinary differential equations are, in a fairly precise sense, the most fundamental exact nonlinear differential equations. As a result, their solutions and properties lie at the heart of the field of exact nonlinearity and integrable systems . Isomonodromic deformations were first studied by Richard Fuchs , with early pioneering contributions from Paul Painlev , Ren Garnier , and Ludwig Schlesinger . Inspired by results in statistical mechanics , a seminal contribution to the theory was made by Michio Jimbo , Tetsuji Miwa and Kimio Ueno , who studied cases with arbitrary singularity structure. Fuchsian systems and Schlesinger s equations We consider the Fuchsian system of linear differential equations math frac dY dx AY sum i 1 n frac A i x lambda i Y math where the dependent variable math x math takes values in the complex projective line math mathbb CP 1 math , the solution math Y , math takes values in math mathbb C n math and the math A i , math are constant math n times n math matrices. By placing math n , math independent column solutions into a fundamental matrix we can ... on a vector bundle over the deformation parameter space which consists of the possible pole positions ... , Michio Jimbo, Tetsuji Miwa and Kimio Ueno extended the notion of isomonodromic deformation to the case ... solution near each pole. Jimbo, Miwa and Ueno proved that if we define a one form on the deformation ... connection on the deformation parameter space. Properties The isomonodromy equations enjoy a number ... the most important property of a solution to the isomonodromic deformation equations. This means ... solutions involves examining the topology of the deformation parameter space and in particular ... Yu. title The isomonodromic deformation method in the theory of Painlev equations publisher Springer ... Deformation Category Ordinary differential equations ... more details
Artificial chromosome may refer to Yeast artificial chromosome Bacterial artificial chromosome Human artificial chromosome P1 derived artificial chromosome disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Artificial Paradise may refer to Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album , 1973 Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise film Artificial Paradise film , a 1990 Yugoslavian film disambiguation nl Artificial Paradise ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Brain human normal inferior view.svg Caption Cranial nerves DiseasesDB 17207 ICD10 ICD10 G 50 g 50 ICD10 G 53 g 50 ICD9 ICD9 350 ICD9 352 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D003389 Cranial nerve disease is a term used to describe an impaired functioning of one of the twelve cranial nerves . Although it could theoretically be considered a mononeuropathy , it is not considered as such under MeSH . It is possible for a disorder of more than cranial nerve to occur at the same time, if a trauma occurs at a location where many cranial nerves run together, such as the jugular fossa . A brainstem lesion could also cause impaired functioning of multiple cranial nerves, but this condition would likely also be accompanied by distal motor impairment. A neurological examination can test the functioning of individual cranial nerves, and detect specific impairments. Examples Eyes Oculomotor nerve palsy Oculomotor nerve III Fourth nerve palsy Trochlear nerve IV Sixth nerve palsy Abducens nerve VI Other Trigeminal neuralgia Trigeminal nerve V Facial nerve paralysis , Bell s palsy , Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome , Central seven Facial nerve VII Accessory nerve disorder Accessory nerve XI disease stub neuroscience stub PNS diseases of the nervous system Eye pathology Category Nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders ... more details
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