Image Artificialtears brands.jpg thumb A subset of various brands of artificialtears displayed in a store Artificialtears are lubricant eye drops used to treat the dryness and irritation associated with deficient tear production in keratoconjunctivitis sicca dry eyes . ref name eMedicine 1 cite web url http www.emedicine.com oph topic695.htm title Keratoconjunctivitis, Sicca accessdate 2006 11 12 date 2006 04 21 work eMedicine publisher WebMD WebMD, Inc. ref They are also used to moisten contact lens es and in eye examinations. Artificialtears are available Over the counter drug over the counter . Artificialtears are supplemented with other treatments in moderate to severe forms of dry eyes. Chemistry Preparations contain carboxymethyl cellulose , ref name eMedicine 1 ref name FDA 1 Hypromellose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ref name FDA 1 a.k.a. HPMC or hypromellose , and hydroxypropyl cellulose . ref name eMedicine 1 They contain water, salts and polymer s but lack the proteins found in natural tears. Patients who use them more frequently than once every three hours ref name eMedicine 1 should choose a brand without preservatives ref name eMedicine 1 or one with special non irritating preservatives. Effects Application of artificialtears every few hours ref name Merck 1 cite ... Usage Artificialtears usually are the first line of treatment for dry eyes. ref name FDA 1 While mild ... treatment, such as ten to twelve times a day. ref name eMedicine 1 Thicker artificialtears can be used ... present in some artificialtears may harm the eye. Fact date June 2007 Artificialtears have no reported drug interaction interaction s. ref name eMedicine 1 A documented contraindication of artificialtears is hypersensitivity . ref name eMedicine 1 Veterinary uses Artificialtears are a part ... indexen.htm Use of preservatives in artificialtears References references Category Ophthalmology ... es L grima artificial hr Umjetne suze pt L grima artificial zh ... more details
No Tears may refer to No Tears TV serial No Tears TV serial , a 2002 Irish docudrama miniseries aired on RT One No Tears , an EP by Tuxedomoon , or the title song, No Tears For the Creatures of the Night No Tears , a song by James Blunt from Some Kind of Trouble No Tears , a song by The Psychedelic Furs from Talk Talk Talk No Tears , a song by Scarface from The Diary album The Diary disambiguation ... more details
Lacrimal gland Break B Superior lacrimal punctum Break C Superior lacrimal canal lacrimation leads to tears ... Break G Nasolacrimal canal Tears are secretions that clean and lubricate the Human eye eye s. Lacrimation or lachrymation ety la lacrima tear is the production or shedding of tears. Strong emotions ... laughing , and yawning may lead to an increased production of tears, or crying . Physiology In humans ... tears and prevents their spilling onto the cheek. These glands are found among the Tarsus ... duct , and finally into the nasal cavity . An excess of tears, as with strong emotion ... very basic types of tears class wikitable border 1 Category Description Basal tears In healthy mammal ian eyes, the cornea is continually kept wet and nourished by basal tears . They lubricate the eye ..., in a 24 hour period, 0.75 to 1.1 grams 0.03 0.04 ounce avoirdupois of tears is secreted this rate slows with age. ref name ReferenceA Reflex tears The second type of tears results from irritation ... linked with vomiting, coughing, and yawning. ref name ReferenceA These reflex tears attempt ... tears The third category, in general, referred to as crying or weeping , is increased lacrimation .... In humans, emotional tears can be accompanied by reddening of the face and sobbing cough like, convulsive breathing, sometimes involving spasms of the whole upper body. Tears brought about by emotions have a different chemical make up than those for lubrication emotional tears contain more of the protein ... than basal or reflex tears. The limbic system is involved in production of basic emotional ... tears. ref Skorucak A. http www.scienceiq.com Facts ScienceOfTears.cfm The Science of Tears. ScienceIQ.com. Accessed September 29, 2006. ref Image Crying girl.jpg thumb A toddler producing tears due ... the sensory pathway of the tear reflexes. When the trigeminal nerve is cut, tears from reflexes will stop, but not emotional tears. Likewise, application of cocaine to the surface of the eye, due ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name The Tears image The Tears 2005 Roskilde ... br Makoto Sakamoto br Nathan Fisher The Tears were an England English rock music rock band, formed ... and their debut album, Here Come The Tears . However, this was to be their only release, as they disbanded ... www.mirror.co.uk tv entertainment music 2005 05 20 it s all ended in tears 115875 15538691 It s all ended in tears . Daily Mirror . 20 May 2005 ref As Suede soldiered on and Butler forged a solo career ... ?keyword 22Ex Suede Mates Form The Tears 22&x 13&y 8 news ex suede mates form the tears 1000682129.story Ex Suede Mates Form The Tears . Billboard.com . October 21, 2004. ref which ends with the line The only sound heard is the sound of tears . The band played their first ever live show on December ... Pop The Tears . The Times . 18 December 2004 ref Apart from relatively minor reviews of the first clutch of live shows, The Tears first press, a review of Refugees , interview with Anderson and a poster ... by each other s company. Anderson talks excitedly of Tears songs like the ballad Asylum ... flash and arrogance when talk turns to the future Here Comes the Tears feels like a debut ... at the Sheffield Leadmill in April. ref http www.nme.com news the tears 19757 Treat for Suede ..., Here Come the Tears followed on 6 June 2005. It was released to generally favourable reviews that helped ... album in between the touring for Here Come The Tears , and the release of the band s follow up album ... see light in early 2007, hinting that the second Tears record would most likely come after that. In August ... that The Tears were about to write their second album, however they decided to split because ... another Tears record in the future is pretty good actually. ref Natoli, David. http www.thetripwire.com ... Bernard Butler retires from performing . MusicRadar . 23 May 2008 ref Discography Albums Here Come the Tears ... External links Commons The Tears http www.brettanderson.co.uk Brett Anderson Official Site http www.bernardbutler.com ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Amor Artificial Type Album Artist Evoluci n Cover Amor Artificial Evoluci n.jpg Background according to table below Released 2007 Recorded 2007 Genre Rock en Espa ol Length Label Producer Reviews Last album Sentimiento Antisocial 1998 Demo Soundalikes br 2005 This album Amor Artificial br 2007 Next album Amor Artificial English language English Artificial Love is the 6th studio album made by Costa Rica Costa Rican Rock music rock band, Evoluci n . Its first single is No Me Diga . Track listing Quevoasaber On porpose misspelled and join for Que voy a saber nowiki nowiki English language English What I m supposed to know? or What I Know? nowiki nowiki Represi n English language English Repretion Bajo el sol English language English Underneath the sun L grimas English language English Tears No Me Diga English language English Don t Tell Me Escondiendo English language English Hiding Amor Artificial English language English Artificial Love Puro Cari o English language English Pure Care Instinto Reproductor English language English Reproductive Instinct Campo Abierto English language English Open Field Conatminador English language English Contaminator Esas Canciones English language English Those Songs 2000s rock album stub Category 2007 albums Category Evoluci n albums ... more details
Artificial chromosome may refer to Yeast artificial chromosome Bacterial artificial chromosome Human artificial chromosome P1 derived artificial chromosome disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Artificial Paradise may refer to Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album , 1973 Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise film Artificial Paradise film , a 1990 Yugoslavian film disambiguation nl Artificial Paradise ... more details
Artificial or fake trees could refer to Artificial Christmas tree s Artificial trees used to Carbon dioxide air capture Artificial trees capture carbon dioxide disambig ... more details
The term artificial gills can mean Imitation gills put into stuffed fish for the sake of appearance. See taxidermy . An inaccurate term for liquid breathing breathing sets. Artificial gills extracting oxygen from water to supply a diver. See Artificial gills human . disambig ... more details
Expand Spanish topic culture date August 2010 Respiraci n artificial Novela Respiraci n artificial Novela is an Argentina Argentine novel, written by Ricardo Piglia . It was first published in 1980. Category Argentine novels Category Spanish language novels Category 1980 novels 1980s novel stub Argentina stub es Respiraci n artificial Novela ... more details
Bloody tears may refer to Haemolacria , the medical condition where tears contain blood. Castlevania Music Bloody Tears , a Castlevania song. Bloody Tears , a song by rap group Army of the Pharaohs . disambig ... more details
The Tears of Dragons may refer to Tears of the Dragon , a single by Bruce Dickinson Dragon Tears , a novel by Dean Koontz Tears of Dragon a South Korean film. disambig ... more details
Artificial eye may refer to Visual prosthesis , functioning implant designed to restore sight Ocular prosthesis , non functioning cosmetic replacement for a lost eye Artificial Eye , DVD distributor in the USA and UK, specialising in foreign language films disambig ... more details
Laughter and Tears can refer to Laughter and Tears 1913 film Laughter and Tears 1913 film , a 1913 Swedish film directed by Victor Sj str m Laughter and Tears 1921 film Laughter and Tears 1921 film , a 1921 Dutch film disambig ... more details
One source date October 2009 Inappropriate tone date May 2010 Artificial architecture , also referred to as algorithmic architecture and algorithmic design , is the research area combining architectural design and artificial intelligence . It can be considered a subfield of design computing , with emphases on artificial intelligence , computational creativity and knowledge engineering . The main objectives ... and objects. The term has been popularized by the Department of Artificial Architecture Institute of Artificial Art Amsterdam , where remarkable efforts in this area have been made employing visual grammar to generate random specifications of 3 dimensional objects and structures. The concept of artificial ... of a PhD Thesis developed at Polytechnical University of Madrid Spain Arquitectura Artificial o Manierismo por Computadora Artificial Architecture or Computer Aided Mannerism . ref Francisco Javier Fern ndez Herrero 2002 http oa.upm.es 553 01 FRANCISCO JAVIER FERNANDEZ HERRERO.pdf Arquitectura Artificial o Manierismo por Computadora Artificial Architecture or Computer Aided Mannerism , http oa.upm.es ... Notes Reflist See also Artificial intelligence Artificial life Building Information Modeling CAD ... Knowledge engineering References F. Javier Fern ndez Herrero 2002 , Arquitectura artificial ... , Arquitectura artificial o manierismo por computadora, ISBN 1847282687, 9781847282682 F. Javier Fern ndez Herrero 2006 , Artificial Architecture or Computer Aided Mannerism, movie. Digital Video Disc Kostas Terzidis 2009 , Algorithmic Architecture, ISBN 0750667257 External links http iaaa.nl artificial acad.html Department of Artificial Architecture http iaaa.nl home.html Institute of Artificial ... Graduate School of Design http www.youtube.com profile?user ArtificialArch&view videos Artificial ... Arquitectura Artificial 1.0 , VIDA 6.0. http www.fundacion.telefonica.com arteytecnologia ... Architectural design Category Artificial intelligence Category Computer aided design Category ... more details
An artificial chemistry is a computer model used to simulate various types of system s. Artificial chemistry is in some ways similar to a chemical reaction, hence the name. The field of artificial chemistry originated in artificial life but has shown to be a versatile method with applications in many fields such as chemistry , economics , sociology and linguistics . Formal definition An artificial ... math S. I are the interaction rules of the molecules in S. Types of artificial chemistries depending ... sets Hasse diagram of organizations History of artificial chemistries Artificial chemistries emerged as a sub field of artificial life , in particular from strong artificial life . The idea behind this field .... Artificial chemistry enlists, among others, researchers that believe in an extreme bottom up approach to artificial life. Important contributors The first reference about artificial Chemistries come ... of Artificial Life. In his first papers he presented the concept of organization , as a set of molecules that is algebraically closed and self maintaining. Two main schools of artificial chemistries ... Peter Dittrich and Jens Ziegler , developed various artificial chemistry models. Their 2001 paper Artificial Chemistries A Review became a standard in the field. Jens Ziegler , as part of his PhD thesis, proved that an artificial chemistry could be used to control a small Khepera robot. Among other ... through some simple rules. Since then he became a professor in Jena where he investigates artificial ... of artificial chemistries Artificial Chemistries are often used in the study of protobiology, in trying to bridge the gap between chemistry and biology . A further motivation to study artificial ... and references http web.cs.mun.ca banzhaf papers alchemistry review MIT.pdf Artificial chemistries ... papers on artificial chemistries for artificial life http www.minet.uni jena.de biosys twiki bin view.pl ACHEM WebHome the ARTIFICIAL CHEMISTRY webpage of Peter Dittrich s workgroup. http protobiology.org ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Main Reproductive technology Artificial reproduction is the creation of new life by other than the natural means available to an organism . Examples include artificial insemination , in vitro fertilization , cloning and embryonic splitting, or cleavage embryo cleavage . Cutting plants stems and placing them in compost is also a form of artificial reproduction. See Also Male Pregnancy Artificial Uterus In Vitro Fertilization Fertilization Pregnancy DEFAULTSORT Artificial Reproduction Category Reproduction Biology stub ar zh ... more details
Artificial imagination AIm , also called Synthetic imagination or machine imagination is defined as artificial simulation of human imagination by general or special purpose computers or artificial neural networks . The term artificial imagination is also used to describe a property of machines or Computer program programs Among some of the traits that researchers hope to simulate using machines include creativity , vision, digital art , humor , satire , etc. Artificial imagination research uses tools and insights from many fields, including computer science , Rhetoric , psychology , creative arts , philosophy , neuroscience , affective computing , Artificial Intelligence , Artificial intuition , cognitive science , computational linguistics linguistics , operations research , creative writing , probability and logic . The various practitioners in the field are researching various aspects of Artificial imagination, such as Artificial visual imagination, ref Visual Information Retrieval Using Synthesized Imagery http portal.acm.org ft gateway.cfm?id 1282303&type pdf ref Artificial aural Imagination, ref AUDIO CONTENT TRANSMISSION by Xavier Amatriain & Perfecto Herrera, http www.iua.upf.es mtg publications dafx2001 xamat.pdf ref modeling filtering content based on human emotions ref ... and Interactive Search ref An Artificial Imagination for Interactive Search. ICCV HCI, 4796 19 28 ... iccv iccv hci2007.html ThomeeHBL07 ref . Some articles on the topic speculate on how artificial imagination may evolve to create an artificial world which people may not want to leave at all. ref Hypertext ...., Wayne State Univ. have focused on using artificial neural networks for simulating artificial imagination ... 1007019 ref The topic of artificial imagination has gotten interest from scholars outside the computer ..., who came up with the Symbolic Convergence Theory and has worked on a project to develop artificial ... Artificial intelligence Category Artificial intelligence applications ... more details
Artificial cream is an imitation of cream made from non dairy fats. Artificial cream is usually made from vegetable oil, not butterfat , and contains no butyric acid. Artificial cream often contains sugar to sweeten it, but intense sweeteners are also used. See also Cool Whip , a brand of imitation whipped cream. External links http www.tradingstandards.gov.uk Kent Analyst 20reports creamcakes.htm Kent County Council on Cream Cakes condiment stub Category Milk substitutes ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 Artificial Minds is a book written by Stan Franklin and published in 1995 by MIT Press . The book is a wide ranging tour of the development of artificial intelligence as of the time it was written. As well as discussing the theoretical and philosophical backgrounds of many approaches, it goes into some detail in explaining the workings of many of what the author considers to be the most promising examples of the era. Category Artificial intelligence publications Category 1995 books Category Computer science books Compu book stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Artificial digestion is a laboratory technique that reduces digestible material for analytical purposes. Naturally occurring digestive agents such as pepsin and hydrochloric acid are typically used to accomplish artificial digestion. As an example, artificial digestion is used to detect the presence of encysted trichinella larvae in suspected muscle tissue. The meat sample is dissolved by a digestive solution and the remains are examined for the presence of larvae. See also digestion DEFAULTSORT Artificial Digestion Category Parasitology Med stub Parasite stub ar ... more details
File Magdalenenklause 1.jpg thumb Magdalenenklause in Munich Artificial ruins or imitation ruins are edifice fragments built to resemble real remnants of historic buildings. Artificial ruins became fashionable in Germany German interpretations of baroque and english garden s, like the Ruinenberg . The ruins are mostly of gothic or ancient style. See also Folly External links http www.360cities.net image artificial ruins inside aldara parks Artificial ruins in Riga 360 degree panorama Category Ruins in Germany Category Parks in Germany de K nstliche Ruine Germany struct stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date July 2008 Artificial Psychology is a theoretical discipline proposed by Dan Curtis b. 1963 . The theory states that when the artificial intelligence approaches the level of complexity where the intelligence meets two conditions Condition I A Makes all of its decisions autonomously B Is capable of making decisions based on information that is New Abstract Incomplete C The artificial intelligence is capable of reprogramming itself based on the new data D And is capable of resolving its own programming conflicts, even in the presence of incomplete data. This means that the intelligence autonomously makes value based decisions, referring to values that the intelligence has created for itself. Condition II All four criteria are met in situations that are not part of the original operating program When both conditions are met, then the possibility exists that the intelligence will reach irrational conclusions based on real or created information. At this point, the criteria is met for intervention which will not necessarily be resolved by simple re coding of processes due to extraordinarily complex nature of the codebase itself but rather a discussion with the intelligence in a format which more closely resembles classical human psychology . If the intelligence cannot be reprogrammed by directly inputting new code, but requires the intelligence ... to function normally, then artificial psychology is by definition, what is required. The level .... The theory of artificial psychology does not address the specifics of what those levels may be, but only ... must go through to address their own dysfunctionalities. Along the same lines, artificial ... or not. The current level of artificial intelligence in 2008 does not approach any threshold where any of the theories or principles of artificial psychology may even be tested, and therefore, for the foreseeable future, artificial psychology will remain a theoretical discipline. Category Artificial ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Artificial Creation is a field of research that studies the primary synthesis of complex life like structures from primordial lifeless origins. The field bears some similarity to artificial life , but unlike artificial life, artificial creation focuses on the primary emergence of complex structures. Artificial creation does not rely exclusively on the application of evolutionary computation and genetic algorithms to optimize artificial creatures or grow synthetic life forms. Artificial creation instead studies systems of rules of interaction, initial conditions and primordial building blocks that can generate complex life like structures, based exclusively on repeated application of rules of interaction. An essential difference that distinguishes artificial creation ... s rules of interaction. Artificial creation studies the way in which complex emergent properties can arise to form a self organizing system . Origins Although concepts and elements of artificial creation ... , mathematics , engineering and other fields. Artificial creation differs from these in that it focuses ... complexity of living systems. One of the primary impetuses for the exploration of artificial creation comes from the realization in the artificial life and evolutionary computing fields that some basic ... all artificial life research is not a fundamental property of self organizing systems . Issues The concept of a fitness function or objective function is central to artificial life systems. The fitness function is used to drive a given artificial evolution process to create synthetic organisms capable ... consistency. However, when trying to model the universe, or create artificial organisms by mimicking ... problems related to generations, offspring and populations that occur in artificial life ...? the artificial creation of life and what it means for the future of the human race publisher Dell ... 2007 07 19 format html work ABC News date 2007 02 05 Conferences Category Artificial life Category ... more details
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