Orphan date February 2009 dictdef In telecommunication , an artificialtransmissionline art line is a four terminal electronics terminal electrical network that has the characteristic impedance , transmission time Response time technology delay , Phase waves phase shift , or other parameter s of a real transmissionline . It can be used to simulate a real transmissionline in one or more of these respects. Source from Federal Standard 1037C Category Telecommunications equipment ... more details
About the radio frequency transmissionline the power transmissionline electric power transmission In Telecommunications engineering communications and electronic engineering , a transmissionline is a specialized ... of transmissionline include ladder line , coaxial cable , dielectric waveguide dielectric slabs , stripline ... than the dimensions of the structures used to guide them, so transmissionline techniques become ... mathematically to that of electromagnetic waves, so techniques from transmissionline theory are also ... which have not been carefully designed using transmissionline theory. The four terminal model Image Transmissionline symbols.svg thumb Variations on the electronic schematic schematic electronic symbol for a transmissionline. For the purposes of analysis, an electrical transmissionline ... , and the two ports are assumed to be interchangeable. If the transmissionline ... down a transmissionline, it is usually desirable that as much power as possible will be absorbed by the load ... the load impedance equal to Z sub 0 sub , in which case the transmissionline is said to be impedance matching matched . Some of the power that is fed into a transmissionline is lost because of its .... Dielectric loss is caused when the insulating material inside the transmissionline absorbs energy ... G in parallel. The resistance and conductance contribute to the loss in a transmissionline. The total loss of power in a transmissionline is often specified in decibels per metre dB m , and usually ... transmissionline with distance and time. They were developed by Oliver Heaviside who created the transmissionline model , and are based on Maxwell s Equations . Image Transmissionline element.svg ... line. The transmissionline model represents the transmissionline as an infinite series of two port elementary components, each representing an infinitesimally short segment of the transmissionline ... small the transmissionline is considered as a lossless structure. In this hypothetical case, the model ... more details
for circuits using earth as a second conductor Single wire earth return A single wire transmissionline ... feed line , and with the transmissionline passing through a hole in the conical tips. Planar Goubau ... Through The Natural Mediums Nikola Tesla US patent 2685068 , Surface wave transmissionline . George ... patent 6104107 , Method and apparatus for single line electrical transmission . Avramenko, et al. US ... line using a slotted flared cone . Glenn E. Elmore US patent 7567154 , Surface wave transmission ... Single Wire TransmissionLine Category Power cables Category Electric power distribution .... Tesla called it the transmission of electrical energy through one wire without return . ref ... to Methods of Artificial Illumination , AIEE, Columbia College, N.Y., May 20, 1891 ... 1893. ref A one wire transmission system was protected in 1897 by US patent 0593138 , Electrical ... with the Planets 1901 . Collier s Weekly, February 19, 1901, pp. 4 5. ref Goubau line main Goubau line A Goubau line, or G line for short, is a type of single wire transmissionline intended for use at UHF and microwave wavelengths. ref Georg Goubau, Surface waves and their Application to Transmission Lines, Journal of Applied Physics, Volume 21, Nov. 1950 ref The line itself consists of a single conductor coated with dielectric material. Coupling to and from the G line is done with conical metal ... Akalin, Single wire transmission lines at terahertz frequencies , IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques IEEE MTT , Volume 54, Issue 6, June 2006 Page s 2762 2767 ref E Line This section is linked from E Line power line communication While Goubau Line, which uses a conductor having an outer .... Marketed as E Line, it is similar to Goubau Lines in its use of launchers to couple to and from ... adequate. Furthermore, a nearby conductor other than the line itself may provide a termination ... velocity for this line operating in air has been measured to be within 0.1 of that of a free ... more details
The Shoshone TransmissionLine was an early and notable electric power transmissionline, now recorded on the List of IEEE Milestones . The line began service on July 17, 1909, conveying power from the Shoshone Hydroelectric Generating Station , located on the Colorado River near Glenwood Springs, Colorado Glenwood Springs , to Denver, Colorado . It was 153.4 miles long, operated at 90 volt kV , and crossed the Continental Divide three times at altitudes of up to 13,500 feet. The IEEE has honored the line for its length, and for deployment in difficult terrain and unusually harsh weather patterns. References http www.ieeeghn.org wiki index.php Milestones Shoshone TransmissionLine, 1909 IEEE History Center Category Electric power transmission systems in the United States ... more details
The Middletown Norwalk M N TransmissionLine is a 69 mile 112 km , 345 kilovolt AC transmissionline between Middletown, Connecticut Middletown and Norwalk, Connecticut Norwalk in the U.S. state of Connecticut . Construction began in 2006 with the ground breaking at the Beseck Switching Station and was energized in December 2009. Route The M N TransmissionLine begins in Middletown begins at the Scovill Rock Substation in Middletown, and proceeds west to the Beseck Switching Station in Wallingford. From Beseck the transmissionline continues southwest to the East Devon Substation by overhead wires supported by 105 foot 35 m Electricity pylon pylons . At East Devon, the line will connect to the nearby Devon Power Station owned by NRG Energy and the Milford Power Company power plant before going underground. The line will continue underground to the Singer Substation in Bridgeport, where it will connect to the Bridgeport Harbor Generating Station owned by Public Service Electric and Gas Company PSE&G , the Bridgeport Energy Plant owned by Duke Energy , and the Bridgeport waste to energy plant operated by the Connecticut Resource Recovery Agency. From Bridgeport, the line will continue southwest, closely following U.S. Route 1 US 1 , passing Ash Creek Connecticut Ash Creek to its terminus at the Norwalk Substation. To ease environmental and community concerns, portions of the line are being placed underground, while the overhead portions of the line will traverse mainly rural areas. Northeast Utilities and United Illuminating are constructing the line at a cost of 1.3 billion. As part of the project, UI and NU will reconstruct the existing 115 kilovolt transmission lines located on segments of the M N line s path. References reflist External links http www.transmission nu.com residential projects middletown default.asp NU Transmission Projects Middletown Norwalk Transmission Project DEFAULTSORT Middletown Norwalk TransmissionLine Category Electric power transmission ... more details
A K line , or Knowledge line , is a mental agent which represents an association of a group of other mental agents found active when a subject solves a certain problem or formulates a new idea . These were first described in Marvin Minsky s essay K lines A Theory of Memory , published in 1980 in the journal Cognitive Science , blockquote When you get an idea, or solve a problem you create what we shall call a K line. When that K line is later activated , it reactivates mental agencies, creating a partial mental state resembling the original. ref http www.cogsci.rpi.edu CSJarchive 1980v04 i02 p0117p0133 MAIN.PDF Minsky s K lines A Theory of Memory ref blockquote blockquote p Whenever you get a good idea , solve a problem, or have a memorable experience, you activate a K line to represent it. A K line is a wirelike structure that attaches itself to whichever mental agents are active when you solve a problem or have a good idea. p p When you activate that K line later, the agents attached to it are aroused, putting you into a mental state much like the one you were in when you solved that problem or got that idea. This should make it relatively easy for you to solve new, similar problems 1998, p. 82. p blockquote References Minsky, Marvin The Society of Mind ISBN 0 671 65713 5 March 15, 1998. Minsky, Marvin Papert, Seymour Perceptrons An Introduction to Computational Geometry ISBN 0 262 63111 3 December 28, 1987. External links http www.cogsci.rpi.edu CSJarchive 1980v04 i02 p0117p0133 MAIN.PDF Minsky s K lines A Theory of Memory http metainformaciones.blogspot.com 2005 02 minksy y la programacin.html Why Programming is a Good Medium for Expressing Poorly Understood and Sloppily Formulated Ideas Footnotes references Category Cognitive science psych stub ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 unreferenced date April 2012 Infobox power transmissionline name photo caption map country Sri Lanka state province coordinates coord 7.06083 80.59722 type landmark region LK display inline lat long direction East West start Kotmale through finish Biyagama par owner Ceylon Electricity Board partners operator Ceylon Electricity Board cable manufacturer cable installer cable layer substation manufacturer substation installer contractors construction expected est 1979 decom type Overhead transmissionline current type High voltage alternating current HVAC length 66 length mi 41 capacity AC voltage 220 kV DC voltage poles no circuits no 4 Kotmale Biyagama transmissionline is the Sri Lanka s main backbone transmissionline that connects the load center Colombo to Hydroelectricity generation of Mahaweli Complex Category Electricity in Sri Lanka SriLanka stub energy stub ... more details
An acoustic transmissionline is the Acoustics acoustic analogy analog of the electrical transmissionline , typically thought of as a rigid walled tube that is long and thin relative to the wavelength ... antenna s. In particular, transmissionline is the name of a specific Loudspeaker audio speaker enclosure ... level at low frequencies. File Transmission line.png thumb right This image is actually an inverted folded horn. You can tell as the throat is larger than near the port opening. A true TransmissionLine enclosure is the same width vent throughout. . Theory Proper transmissionline loudspeakers ... or open end of the line. While not all lines use a taper, the standard classical transmissionline ... of the transmissionline is to minimize acoustical or mechanical impedance at frequencies corresponding ... coupling and hence the lower the acoustical impedance. History of transmissionline loudspeakers ..., or contracting has been established. Operation Transmissionline speakers fall into essentially ... frequencies. Well designed transmissionline enclosures have smooth Electrical characteristics .... Not all transmission lines designs do this effectively. Most offset transmissionline speakers place ... suffered from reflections at the bends. One example of a transmissionline enclosure design was by Vivan ... s cone area. There are not many companies producing commercial transmissionline loudspeakers as the technology ... a development of the transmissionline that they call the Advanced TransmissionLine. Sound ducts A duct for sound propagation also behaves like a transmissionline e.g. air conditioning duct, car ... reaches the end of the transmissionline, behaviour depends on what is present at the end of the line ... be modeled in part as transmission lines, though their job also includes generating the sound ... . This taper serves to dampen the buildup of standing waves within the line, which can create sharp ... cavity. Older acoustical models discuss transmission lines in terms of impedance mismatch ... more details
Transmissionline pulse TLP is a way to study integrated circuit technologies and circuit behavior in the current and time domain of electrostatic discharge electrostatic discharge ESD events. The TLP measurement technique was first introduced by T. Maloney and N. Khurana in 1985. Since then, the technique has become indispensable for integrated circuit ESD protection development. The TLP technique is based on charging a long, floating cable to a pre determined voltage, and discharging it into a Device Under Test DUT . The cable discharge emulates an electro static discharge event, but employing time domain reflectometry TDR , the change in DUT impedance can be monitored as a function of time. The first commercial TLP system was developed by Barth Electronics in 1990s. Since then, other commercial systems have been developed e.g., by Grundtech . A subset of TLP, VF TLP Very Fast TransmissionLine Pulsing , has lately gained popularity with its improved resolution and bandwidth for analysis of ephemeral ESD events such as CDM Charged Device Model events. Pioneered by academia University of Illinois and commercialized by Barth Electronics, VF TLP has become an important ESD analysis tool for analyzing modern high speed semiconductor circuits. See also Human body model External links http www.ecnmag.com Articles 2007 11 TransmissionLine Pulse TLP is an Effective Analysis Tool for ESD Category Integrated circuits Category Electrical breakdown electronics stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Transmissionline measurement or Transfer Length Measurement is a technique used in semiconductor physics and engineering to determine the ohmic contact contact resistance between a metal and a semiconductor. The technique involves making a series of metal semiconductor contacts separated by various distances. Probes are applied to pairs of contacts, and the resistance between them is measured by applying a voltage across the contacts and measuring the resulting Current electricity current . The current flows from the first probe, into the metal contact, across the metal semiconductor junction , through the sheet of semiconductor, across the metal semiconductor junction again except this time in the other direction , into the second contact, and from there into the second probe and into the external circuit to be measured by an ammeter . The resistance measured is a linear combination sum of the contact resistance of the first contact, the contact resistance of the second contact, and the sheet resistance of the semiconductor in between the contacts. If several such measurements are made between pairs of contacts that are separated by different distances, a Graph of a function plot of electrical resistance resistance versus contact separation can be obtained. If the contact separation is expressed in terms of the ratio L W where L and W are the length and width of the area between the contacts such a plot should be linear , with the slope of the line mathematics line being the sheet resistance . The y intercept intercept of the line with the y axis , is two times the contact resistance. Thus the sheet resistance as well as the contact resistance can be determined from this technique. DEFAULTSORT TransmissionLine Measurement Category Semiconductors Physics stub de Transfer Line Methode ... more details
The transmissionline matrix TLM method is a space and time discretising method for computation of electromagnetic fields . It is based on the analogy between the electromagnetic field and a mesh of transmissionline s. The TLM method allows the computation of complex three dimensional electromagnetic structures and has proven to be one of the most powerful time domain methods along with the finite difference time domain FDTD method. Basic principle Image SingleNode2DTLM.png thumb 500px right 2D TLM example an incident voltage pulse in two consecutive scattering events. The TLM method is based on Huygens Principle Huygens model of wave propagation and scattering and the analogy between field propagation and transmission lines. Therefore it considers the computational domain as a mesh of transmission lines, interconnected at nodes. In the figure on the right is considered a simple example of a 2D TLM mesh with a voltage pulse of amplitude 1 V incident on the central node. This pulse will be partially reflected and transmitted according to the transmissionline theory. If we assume that each line has a characteristic impedance math Z math , then the incident pulse sees effectively three transmission lines in parallel with a total impedance of math Z 3 math . The reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient are given by math R frac Z 3 Z Z 3 Z 0.5 math math T frac 2 Z 3 ... as for the 2D nodes. References references C. Christopoulos, The TransmissionLine Modeling Method TLM ..., ISBN 978 1580539074 J. L. Herring, Developments in the TransmissionLine Modelling Method for Electromagnetic ... inductance and capacitance of the transmission lines. It is possible to show that a series node is equivalent ... line segments from figure with their Thevenin equivalent it is possible to show that the following ... science Category Computational physics Category Electromagnetism Category Electrodynamics de TransmissionLine Matrix Methode ... more details
Infobox power transmissionline name Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmissionline photo NIGU transmision line near Te Kauwhata.JPG caption Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmissionline near Te Kauwhata map map caption Location of Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmissionline country New Zealand state ... 2010 expected September 2012 est decom type Overhead transmissionline current type HVAC length ... DC voltage poles no circuits no Two The Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmissionline is a double circuit 400 kV capable Overhead power linetransmissionline constructed by Transpower New ... in February 2010, and the line is due to be commissioned in September 2012. The transmissionline ... thumb right Tower under construction on the Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmissionline The population ... of this new transmissionline, there were six lines running north into Auckland. The last of these were ... Island Grid Upgrade NIGU project, including the Whakamaru to Brownhill transmissionline, addresses ... Management Act to call in Transpower s proposal to build the electricity transmissionline from Waikato ... Technical description The transmissionline is a double circuit line, supported mostly on steel ... factsheet The transmissionline uses a bundled arrangement of three conductors called a Triplex arrangement ... copper, manganese, magnesium, zinc, iron, chromium and silicon. Conventional transmissionline ... Pakuranga 110 kV transmissionline first built in 1940, requiring the removal of 460 towers ... April 2012 ref There were strong protests against the proposed transmissionline during the initial ... ref Some protests against the transmissionline continued during the construction period. ref cite ... between the southern Waikato and the city of Auckland . The line runs from the Whakamaru sub station ... near Whitford, New Zealand Whitford in southeastern Auckland. The line will initially be operated ... the line to the Pakuranga sub station in eastern Auckland. The project was the subject of considerable ... more details
wiktionary wiktionarypar transmit Transmission is the act of passing something on in another place. Specifically, it may refer to Transmission mechanics , a gear system transmitting mechanical power, as in a car Transmission telecommunications , the act of transmitting messages over distances Transmission medicine , the passing of a disease Share transmission , ownership change through other than transfer Transmission magazine Transmission magazine , a literary magazine based in the UK Transmission coefficient , in physics, chemistry, and optics Transmission TV series Transmission TV series , a British music television programme shown in the UK Electric power transmission , one process in the delivery of electricity to consumers Transmission tower , providing support for overhead power lines Transmissionline , for the carriage of radio frequency signals Data transmission , the conveyance of information from one space to another Dharma transmission , the formal confirmation of a student s awakening in Zen Buddhism Transmission genetics , is the passing on of genetic information Software Transmission BitTorrent client , a free, open source and cross platform BitTorrent protocol BitTorrent client application. Music Transmission album Transmission album , the fourth album by the Canadian band The Tea Party Transmission band , an experimental post rock band based in the United Kingdom Transmission record label a record label set by British rock band Porcupine Tree Transmission song Transmission song , a song by post punk band Joy Division Transmissions album Transmissions album , the first album by trance musicians Juno Reactor Transmissions Cold War Kids EP Transmissions Cold War Kids EP , an album by indie rock band Cold War Kids Transmission Communications , a record label ... a medium Transmissivity in hydraulics disambig bg de Transmission es Transmisi n fr Transmission ... ru sv Transmission tl Transmisyon ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2007 Infobox musical artist image Thistransmission2006.jpg name This Transmission landscape yes background group or band alias origin flagicon USA St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg , Florida genre Indie rock br Punk Pop br Post hardcore years active 2003 &mdash Present label Standstill Records associated acts website http www.myspace.com thistransmission This Transmission current members Blake Daniels 2003&ndash br Ryan Shuck 2003&ndash br Brad Daniels 2006&ndash br Toly Chichov 2006&ndash br Kyle McCormick 2007&ndash br Nick Hughes 2007&ndash br Mandy Millot 2007&ndash This Transmission was an indie rock band from St. Petersburg, FL . Signed to Standstill Records . The band played with acts such as Moros Eros , Young Love band Young Love , and Evergreen Terrace. They were recording their first full length studio album album , entitled Tiny Abrasions at the time of their break up. It was not finished, however the band has now published the unfinished tracks on their MySpace page. Discography EPs Latitude, Longitude , 2005 Standstill Records Tour de Force This Transmission album Tour de Force , 2006 Standstill Records LPs Tiny Abrasions , 2007 unfinished Standstill Records External links http www.myspace.com thistransmission This Transmission MySpace http www.thistransmissionband.com Official Website Category Musical groups established in 2003 Category American post hardcore musical groups US band stub ... more details
Artificial imagination AIm , also called Synthetic imagination or machine imagination is defined as artificial simulation of human imagination by general or special purpose computers or artificial neural networks . The term artificial imagination is also used to describe a property of machines or Computer program programs Among some of the traits that researchers hope to simulate using machines include creativity , vision, digital art , humor , satire , etc. Artificial imagination research uses tools and insights from many fields, including computer science , Rhetoric , psychology , creative arts , philosophy , neuroscience , affective computing , Artificial Intelligence , Artificial intuition , cognitive science , computational linguistics linguistics , operations research , creative writing , probability and logic . The various practitioners in the field are researching various aspects of Artificial imagination, such as Artificial visual imagination, ref Visual Information Retrieval Using Synthesized Imagery http portal.acm.org ft gateway.cfm?id 1282303&type pdf ref Artificial aural Imagination, ref AUDIO CONTENT TRANSMISSION by Xavier Amatriain & Perfecto Herrera, http www.iua.upf.es mtg publications dafx2001 xamat.pdf ref modeling filtering content based on human emotions ref ... and Interactive Search ref An Artificial Imagination for Interactive Search. ICCV HCI, 4796 19 28 ... iccv iccv hci2007.html ThomeeHBL07 ref . Some articles on the topic speculate on how artificial imagination may evolve to create an artificial world which people may not want to leave at all. ref Hypertext ...., Wayne State Univ. have focused on using artificial neural networks for simulating artificial imagination ... 1007019 ref The topic of artificial imagination has gotten interest from scholars outside the computer ..., who came up with the Symbolic Convergence Theory and has worked on a project to develop artificial ... Artificial intelligence Category Artificial intelligence applications ... more details
Artificial chromosome may refer to Yeast artificial chromosome Bacterial artificial chromosome Human artificial chromosome P1 derived artificial chromosome disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a location where it is applied ... text meter text second math Since the development of technology , Transmission mechanics transmission ... power main electric power transmission Image Electric transmission lines.jpg thumb 250px Electric power transmission with overhead line. With the widespread establishment of power grid s, power transmission is usually associated most with electric power transmission . Alternating current is normally ... levels at destination. Image HV Cable.jpg thumb left 250px Electric power transmission with underground ... for more details high voltage cable . br Power transmission is usually performed with Overhead power line overhead line s as this is the most economical way to do so. Underground transmission by high voltage cable s is chosen in crowded urban areas and in HVDC submarine connections. Wireless transmission ... Gears large.jpg thumb Mechanical power transmission main transmission mechanics Electrical power transmission has replaced mechanical power transmission in all but the very shortest distances. From the 16th century through the industrial revolution to the end of the 19th century mechanical power transmission was the norm. The oldest long distance power transmission technology involved systems of push ... Rock, Illinois , 2003 ref Factories were fitted with overhead line shaft s providing rotary power . Short line shaft systems were described by Georg Agricola Agricola , connecting a waterwheel to numerous ... drivebelts would become the norm for linking individual machines to the line shafts. One mid 19th century factory had 1,948 feet of line shafting with 541 pulleys. ref http books.google.com ... a solid structure such as a driveshaft Transmission mechanics transmission gear s can adjust the amount ... with alternating current AC as the only means of long distance power transmission. Chemicals and fuels ... fuel s. Possible artificial fuels include radioactive isotope s, Methanol wood alcohol , Ethanol grain ... more details
Artificial Paradise may refer to Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album Artificial Paradise The Guess Who album , 1973 Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise Sylvan album Artificial Paradise film Artificial Paradise film , a 1990 Yugoslavian film disambiguation nl Artificial Paradise ... more details
Artificial or fake trees could refer to Artificial Christmas tree s Artificial trees used to Carbon dioxide air capture Artificial trees capture carbon dioxide disambig ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Artificial Soldier Type studio Artist Front Line Assembly Cover Artificial soldier.jpg Released Start date 2006 6 20 Recorded Start date 2006 Genre Industrial music Industrial Length 65 51 Label Metropolis Records Metropolis Producer Bill Leeb , Rhys Fulber , Chris Peterson producer Chris Peterson Last album Civilization album Civilization br 2004 This album Artificial Soldier br 2006 Next album Fallout Front Line Assembly album Fallout br 2007 Artificial Soldier is an album by Vancouver industrial music industrial band Front Line Assembly , released in 2006. This is the first Front Line Assembly album to feature new member Jeremy Inkel . Critical reception Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 3.5 5 ref Allmusic class album id r836699 pure url yes Allmusic review ref Automatically generated by DASHBot Reviews for Artificial Soldier were mixed. David Jeffries of allmusic.com called the album ferocious ref name allmusic cite web url Allmusic class album id r836699 review pure url yes title Artificial Soldier Review author Jeffries, David work allmusic.com publisher Rovi Corporation accessdate March 29, 2010 ref and said, Artificial Soldier is a return to form monster of an album that will pound the band back into the electro industrial lover s heart. ref name allmusic John Carlsson of Release Music Magazine called the album ... title Front Line Assembly Artificial Soldier Review author Carlsson, John work ... Simonsson of Covenant band Covenant on track 9. References General refbegin Cite web title Artificial Soldier Front Line Assembly Music publisher Amazon.com url http www.amazon.com Artificial Soldier Front Line Assembly dp B000FFP014 ref sr 1 1?ie UTF8&s music&qid 1269805304&sr 8 1 accessdate 2010 03 25 refend Specific Reflist Front Line Assembly 2000s electronic album stub Category 2006 albums Category Front Line Assembly albums Category Metropolis Records albums ... more details
Usage Artificial tears usually are the first line of treatment for dry eyes. ref name FDA 1 While mild ...Image Artificial tears brands.jpg thumb A subset of various brands of artificial tears displayed in a store Artificial tears are lubricant eye drops used to treat the dryness and irritation associated with deficient tear production in keratoconjunctivitis sicca dry eyes . ref name eMedicine 1 cite web url http www.emedicine.com oph topic695.htm title Keratoconjunctivitis, Sicca accessdate 2006 11 12 date 2006 04 21 work eMedicine publisher WebMD WebMD, Inc. ref They are also used to moisten contact lens es and in eye examinations. Artificial tears are available Over the counter drug over the counter . Artificial tears are supplemented with other treatments in moderate to severe forms of dry eyes. Chemistry Preparations contain carboxymethyl cellulose , ref name eMedicine 1 ref name FDA 1 Hypromellose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ref name FDA 1 a.k.a. HPMC or hypromellose , and hydroxypropyl cellulose . ref name eMedicine 1 They contain water, salts and polymer s but lack the proteins found in natural tears. Patients who use them more frequently than once every three hours ref name eMedicine 1 should choose a brand without preservatives ref name eMedicine 1 or one with special non irritating preservatives. Effects Application of artificial tears every few hours ref name Merck 1 cite ... treatment, such as ten to twelve times a day. ref name eMedicine 1 Thicker artificial tears can be used ... present in some artificial tears may harm the eye. Fact date June 2007 Artificial tears have no reported drug interaction interaction s. ref name eMedicine 1 A documented contraindication of artificial tears is hypersensitivity . ref name eMedicine 1 Veterinary uses Artificial tears are a part ... indexen.htm Use of preservatives in artificial tears References references Category Ophthalmology ... es L grima artificial hr Umjetne suze pt L grima artificial zh ... more details
of turf when the game is finished. Line markings for differing sports are sewn into artificial turf ... specific stadium s in this time frame. Temporary line marking solutions for artificial turf have ...File Kunstgress.JPG thumb 300px Modern artificial turf File Skagerak Arena turf.jpg thumb 300px Side view of artificial turf Artificial turf is a surface manufactured from synthetic fiber s made to look ... as well. The main reason is maintenance artificial turf resists heavy use, such as in sports, and requires no irrigation or trimming. Domed, covered, and partially covered stadiums may require artificial turf because of the difficulty of getting grass enough sunlight to stay healthy. But artificial ... from infill and some heightened health and safety concerns with children. Artificial turf first ... product used was called AstroTurf this term since then became a colloquialism for any artificial ... Triangle Park researchers who created the first notable artificial turf. That accomplishment led ... of welcome mats. Artificial turf first came to prominence in 1966, when AstroTurf was installed ... green. Due to a limited supply of the new artificial grass, only the infield was installed before .... Teams who chose to play on artificial surfaces outdoors did so because of the reduced maintenance ... Field equipped with artificial turf. In many artificial turf baseball installations, a full dirt infield is not provided, only the pitcher s mound and sliding boxes around each base. Baseball Artificial ... dirt and dead grass. The solution was to install a new type of artificial grass on the field, ChemGrass ... cleaners between innings. Artificial turf was later installed in other new multi purpose stadium cookie ... fielders in positioning themselves properly. The biggest difference in play on artificial turf was that the ball ... line and not be deflected to the right or left. However, the biggest impact on the game of turf , as it came to be called, was on the bodies of the players. The artificial surface, which was generally ... more details
transmission, artificial red blood cells are desired because they eliminate drawbacks associated ...File Standard and drug delivery artificial cells .png thumb 350px alt Two types of artificial cells, one ... artificial cell top and drug delivery artificial cell bottom . An artificial cell or minimal cell is an engineered ... of biological cells can be replaced or supplemented with a synthetic entity. Often, artificial ... as artificial cells. Micro encapsulation allows for metabolism within the membrane, exchange ... book last Chang first Thomas Ming Swi title Artificial cells biotechnology, nanomedicine, regenerative ... immune system immune responses . Notably, artificial cells have been clinically successful in hemoperfusion . ref cite book last editor first Charles G. Gebelein, title Polymeric materials and artificial ... of synthetic biology , a living artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made ... D title A giant step towards artificial life? journal Trends in biotechnology date 2005 Jul volume ... feasible yet, but a variation of an artificial cell has been created in which a completely synthetic ... artificial because the cytoplasm cytoplasmic components as well as the cell membrane membrane from ... replication replicate . Historical development Artificial cells were first developed by Thomas Chang .... journal Science year 1964 volume 146 3643 pages 524 525 ref These first artificial cells ... allowed diffusion of small molecules in and out of the cell. These early artificial cells were ... adsorbents and proteins . ref name Chang 2007 Presently, artificial cells range from hundreds of micrometer ... , and peptides . ref name Chang 2007 The first clinical use of artificial cells was in hemoperfusion ... red blood cell substitutes journal Artificial Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol year 1996 volume ... research focused on artificial red blood cells , it was not until the mid 1990s that biodegradable artificial red blood cells were developed. ref cite book last Chang first Thomas Ming Swi title Blood ... more details
Transmission Gully is a chain of sleep sided, isolated valley s in the Wellington Region of New Zealand . It runs approximately north south between the Kapiti Coast and Tawa, New Zealand Tawa , through the hills behind the city of Porirua . Transmission Gully is currently the route of a high voltage transmissionline owned by Transpower , and it is the proposed route of the Transmission Gully Motorway . coord missing New Zealand Category Geography of the Wellington Region Category Valleys of New Zealand Wellington geo stub ... more details
The term artificial gills can mean Imitation gills put into stuffed fish for the sake of appearance. See taxidermy . An inaccurate term for liquid breathing breathing sets. Artificial gills extracting oxygen from water to supply a diver. See Artificial gills human . disambig ... more details
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