An artificial lung is a prosthesis prosthetic device that is implanted into the body to replace biological Lung lungs . It is different from a heart lung machine in that it is internal and designed to take over the functions of the lungs for long periods of time rather than on a temporary basis. Recent developments include a device that uses small hollow fibers and the heart s own pumping power to oxygenate blood. It may be necessary for a person to receive artificial lungs if theirs become diseased or damaged beyond repair. ref http web.archive.org web 20070614112000 http www.med.umich.edu opm newspage 2002 artificiallung.htm UMHS News Release Bot generated title ref ref http blog.case.edu think 2011 07 25 artificial lung mimics real organas design and efficiency ref References reflist See also Heart lung machine Lung transplantation Medical ventilator medical equipment stub Category Artificial organs ... more details
Infobox Company company name Artificial Studios company logo company type Video game developer genre foundation 2001 founder location city location country location Gainesville, Florida Gainesville , Florida , United States U.S. origins key people Tim Johnson Founder, Technical Director , Jeremy Stieglitz Founder, Project Director area served industry Computer and video game industry Video games products services revenue operating income net income num employees parent divisions subsid owner company slogan homepage http artificialstudios.com index.php dissolved footnotes Artificial Studios is a computer game developer computer game development and Game Engine engine development company founded in 2001. Artificial Studios first came to attention with their Reality Engine , unveiled in 2004, a solution for games using next generation DirectX9 powered graphics. This is one of several next gen engines, see Game Engine s. All of the Reality Engine intellectual property was purchased by Epic Games in 2005 and Artificial Studios co founder and lead engine programmer, Tim Johnson, was also hired by Epic as part of the deal ref http www.epicgames.com press releases press reality.html Epic Games Purchases Reality Engine And Hires Tim Johnson ref . All development on Reality Engine has ceased and all Reality Engine licensees are encouraged to upgrade to Unreal Engine 3. In 2006, Artificial ... physics acceleration chipset. The game used Artificial Studio s own Reality Engine technology. The full .... In 2007, Artificial Studios released Monster Madness Battle for Suburbia Monster Madness Battle ..., Artificial Studios acquired funding for their unannounced title, codename R6 , from publisher ... Ignition Entertainment and Artificial Studios ref . The studio has approximately 70 employees ... ref References reflist External links http www.artificialstudios.com Artificial Studios official ... ca Artificial Studios ru Artificial Studios ... more details
. Two other uses a field of research artificially created life forms synthetic life Artificial ... browse artificial 20life title Dictionary.com definition accessdate 2007 01 19 ref The discipline ... www.reed.edu mab publications papers BedauTICS03.pdf title Artificial life organization, adaptation ... book title Artificial Life Models in Software author Maciej Komosinski and Andrew Adamatzky year ... mathematics book 978 1 84882 284 9 ref from software hard , ref cite book title Artificial Life Models ... from computer hardware hardware and wet artificial life wet , from biochemistry. Artificial life imitates ... title What is Artificial Life? author Christopher Langton accessdate 2007 01 19 ref The term artificial life is often used to specifically refer to soft alife. ref John Johnston, 2008 The Allure of Machinic Life Cybernetics, Artificial Life, and the New AI , MIT Press ref Image Braitenberg.jpg ... breve , an artificial life simulator Overview Artificial life studies the logic of living system s in artificial ... in the umbrella term Artificial Life are agent based model agent based systems which are used to study the emergent properties of societies of agents. While life is, by definition, alive, artificial ... texts Langton al.pdf Artificial Life . Addison Wesley. ., section 1 ref In the first approach ... Simulations from Artificial Life to Artificial Cosmogenesis . In Death And Anti Death , ed. Charles ... ecosystem . However, different opinions about artificial life s potential have arisen The strong alife cf. philosophy of artificial intelligence Strong AI vs. weak AI Strong AI position states that life ... to understand the underlying mechanics of biological phenomena. Organizations Main Artificial ... in the early days of artificial life, and they are still often used for ease of scalability and parallelization ... used to model the brain of an agent. Although traditionally more of an artificial intelligence technique ... simulators This is a list of artificial life digital organism simulators, organized by the method ... more details
Image Artificial tears brands.jpg thumb A subset of various brands of artificial tears displayed in a store Artificial tears are lubricant eye drops used to treat the dryness and irritation associated with deficient tear production in keratoconjunctivitis sicca dry eyes . ref name eMedicine 1 cite web url http www.emedicine.com oph topic695.htm title Keratoconjunctivitis, Sicca accessdate 2006 11 12 date 2006 04 21 work eMedicine publisher WebMD WebMD, Inc. ref They are also used to moisten contact lens es and in eye examinations. Artificial tears are available Over the counter drug over the counter . Artificial tears are supplemented with other treatments in moderate to severe forms of dry eyes. Chemistry Preparations contain carboxymethyl cellulose , ref name eMedicine 1 ref name FDA 1 Hypromellose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ref name FDA 1 a.k.a. HPMC or hypromellose , and hydroxypropyl cellulose . ref name eMedicine 1 They contain water, salts and polymer s but lack the proteins found in natural tears. Patients who use them more frequently than once every three hours ref name eMedicine 1 should choose a brand without preservatives ref name eMedicine 1 or one with special non irritating preservatives. Effects Application of artificial tears every few hours ref name Merck 1 cite ... Usage Artificial tears usually are the first line of treatment for dry eyes. ref name FDA 1 While mild ... treatment, such as ten to twelve times a day. ref name eMedicine 1 Thicker artificial tears can be used ... present in some artificial tears may harm the eye. Fact date June 2007 Artificial tears have no reported drug interaction interaction s. ref name eMedicine 1 A documented contraindication of artificial tears is hypersensitivity . ref name eMedicine 1 Veterinary uses Artificial tears are a part ... indexen.htm Use of preservatives in artificial tears References references Category Ophthalmology ... es L grima artificial hr Umjetne suze pt L grima artificial zh ... more details
Artificial reality was the term Myron W. Krueger used to describe his interactive immersive environments, based on video recognition techniques, that put a user in full, unencumbered contact with the digital world. He started this work in the late 1960s and is considered to be a key figure in the early innovation of virtual reality . His first book Artificial Reality was published in 1983 and updated in Artificial Reality II in 1991 both published by Addison Wesley . In modern language Artificial Reality is often used to describe a virtual reality that is indistinguishable from reality. This in contrast with the term virtual reality which is often applied to technology that like reality but can easily be recognized as a simulation. See also Simulated reality Virtual reality Holodeck References Myron Krueger. Artificial Reality 2 , Addison Wesley Professional, 1991. ISBN 0 201 52260 8 Kalawsky, R. S. 1993 . The science of virtual reality and virtual environments a technical, scientific and engineering reference on virtual environments, Addison Wesley, Wokingham, England Reading, Mass Rheingold, H. 1992 . Virtual reality, Simon & Schuster, New York, N.Y. Mixed reality Category Multimodal interaction Category Reality by type compu stub ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Artificial Invagination Type EP Artist Merzbow Cover Artificial Invagination.jpg Released 1991 Recorded 23 September 1990 October, 1991 at ZSF Produkt Studio Genre Noise music Length 20 55 Label Vanilla Records Producer Masami Akita Reviews Last album Music For Bondage Performance Break 1991 This album Artificial Invagination Break 1991 Next album Dutch Tour 1989 Break 1992 Artificial Invagination is an EP by the Japanese noise musician, Merzbow . Track listing All music by Masami Akita . Wing Over 20 55 Personnel Masami Akita electronics, tape manipulation, editing Reiko A Reiko Azuma voice Abtectonix artwork Notes Mixed at ZSF Produkt Studio , Tokyo, October 1991. Included live recordings at Webo , New York City 23 September 1990 and Success Hall in Kawaijuku No. 16 Nagoya, 17 September 1991. Original live recordings thanks for Gen Ken, Ron, Kiyokawa and Dislocation. Cover photo taken from Documentary Magazine Tasuki photo by Bara. Taken from True Romance performance at Nihon University on 3 November 1991. Special thanks for Tejima Vanilla Records References http www.discogs.com release 100102 Discogs website, page for Artificial Invagination Merzbow Use dmy dates date August 2011 Category Merzbow EPs Category 1991 EPs ... more details
Artificial dielectrics are artificial electromagnetic field electromagnetic materials consisting of array ... medium, the artificial dielectric, has an effective permittivity and effective permeability ...&pg PA221&dq artificial dielectrics v onepage&q artificial 20dielectrics&f false isbn 9780750309264 ... gone into its tenth printing by sometime in 2005. ref ref name Cai book In addition, some artificial ... of particles. Artificial dielectrics came into use with the radar microwave technologies developed between the 1940s and 1970s. The term artificial dielectrics came into use because these are macroscopic analogues of naturally occurring dielectrics . The difference between the natural and artificial substance is that the atoms or molecules are artificially human constructed materials. Artificial dielectrics ... 2009 pages xi, 3, 8, 9, 59, 74 url http books.google.com ?id q8gDF2pbKXsC&pg PA59&dq artificial dielectrics v onepage&q artificial 20dielectrics&f false isbn 978 1 4419 1150 6 ref Artificial dielectrics are a direct historical link to NIM metamaterials . Seminal work The term artificial dielectric ... solids. The artificial dielectrics were borne out of a need for lightweight low loss materials for large ... Huggins solution theory Natural dielectrics, or natural materials, are a model for artificial dielectrics ... and magnetic permeability. ref name Eleftheriades In order to manufacture an artificial permittivity ... such artificial crystal lattice structures were assembled. The scatters responded to an electromagnetic ... ?id l58lrWpI8LYC&pg PA4&dq artificial dielectrics v onepage&q artificial 20dielectrics&f false isbn ... medium. Brown, J. http ieeexplore.ieee.org search freesearchresult.jsp?newsearch true&queryText Artificial dielectrics having refractive indices less than&x 37&y 25 Artificial dielectrics having refractive ... with an artificial dielectric in a horn geometry journal IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation ... journal last1 Rotman first1 W. title Plasma simulation by artificial dielectrics and parallel plate ... more details
Artificial skin can refer to skin grown in a laboratory that can be used as skin replacement for people who have suffered skin trauma such as severe burn s or skin diseases. Alternatively, it can also refer to skin synthetically produced for other purposes. Background The skin is the largest organ anatomy organ in the human body . Severe damage to large areas of skin exposes the human organism to dehydration and infection s that can result in death. Traditional ways of dealing with large losses of skin have been to use skin from other parts of a patient s body such the thigh or from a different person cadaver. The former approach has the disadvantage that there may not be enough skin available ... To solve these issues, research is being done on artificial skin. Typically, a collagen scaffold ... s own cells, ref cite news title A Better Artificial Skin url http www.technologyreview.com ... 15, 2010 ref ref cite press release title Artificial Skin Developed at MIT Now Ready for Treatment ... 4, 2008 title Growing Artificial Skin From Hair Roots work Science Daily accessdate February 15, 2010 ... or with foreskin from newborns that was removed during circumcision . ref cite web title How is artificial ... accessdate February 15, 2010 url http www.answers.com topic artificial skin 2 author Answers.com ref ... automated process for producing artificial skin. Their goal is a simple two layer skin without ... releases 2009 05 090518102959.htm title Artificial Skin Manufactured In Fully Automated Process work Science Daily date May 19, 2009 accessdate February 15, 2010 ref Synthetic skin A form of artificial ... touch. The artificial skin is anticipated to augment robotics in conducting rudimentary jobs that would ... last Steenhuysen title Artificial skin materials can sense pressure date Sun Sep 12, 1 01 PM publisher Yahoo News url http ca.news.yahoo.com s reuters 100912 tecnology ctech us skin artificial work Reuters accessdate 2010 09 14 ref References reflist Category Artificial organs Category Skin zh ... more details
about the mechanical device the album Artificial Heart album File CardioWest temporary Total Artificial Heart.jpg right thumb 200px The SynCardia temporary CardioWest Total Artificial Heart File Artificial heart london.JPG right thumb 200px An artificial heart displayed at the London science museum An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge ... s, the first artificial heart to be successfully implanted in a human, was the Jarvik 7, designed by Paul ..., respectively. ref http www.discoveriesinmedicine.com Apg Ban Artificial Heart.html Artificial Heart Early developments Bot generated title ref An artificial heart is also distinct from a cardiopulmonary .... FDA approved artificial hearts SynCardia temporary Total Artificial Heart The SynCardia temporary Total Artificial Heart formerly known as the CardioWest TAH was the first Food and Drug Administration FDA approved total artificial heart. It received FDA approval on October 15, 2004, following a 10 ... Temporary CardioWest Total Artificial Heart , FDA ref Originally designed as a permanent replacement ... fda.gov There have been more than 900 implants of the Total Artificial Heart, accounting for more than ... title SynCardia Systems, Inc. & 124 Total Artificial Heart publisher Syncardia.com date accessdate 2010 05 05 ref During the 10 year study, 79 of patients receiving the Total Artificial Heart survived ... cgi content short 351 9 859 title NEJM Cardiac Replacement with a Total Artificial Heart as a Bridge ... artificial heart ref This patient later died on August 23, 2009. ref cite web url http phx.corporate ... artificial heart would be to lower the need for Heart transplantation heart transplant s, because ... for the artificial heart, his models were not created of a material that the human body would accept ... remainder date July 2010 Cleanup reorganize date July 2010 Early designs of total artificial hearts In 1949, a precursor to the modern artificial heart pump was built by doctors William Sewell physician ... more details
http www.esm artificial.com Kenn Sakurai a.k.a. esm artificial is a Canadian Pop culture graphic designer artist and satirist . Image Esm 1.jpg thumb wall of postcards by esm artificial Biography Hailing from Vancouver , British Columbia , this Canadian artist designer graduated from the Emily Carr Institute of Art & Design or ECI now known as ECI in 1999. He has been included in exhibitions in New York 8 11 at the 55DSL Flagship store , Washington U.S. state Washington , California , Illinois , Vancouver , Tokyo , United Kingdom Stick Em Up , Spain, France Surface to Air and Hello Kissy Prints at Colette and Sweden Postcards from Home . Articles about Sakurai have been featured in Adbusters , Elle, Grafik ,Darling, Edge, Architectural Record, Western Living, Spruce, Studio Voice, Vancouver Sun, and Lola magazine Lola Magazine . His works have been published in Pictoplasma , The Art of Rebellion , Izastikup , Poison Control , All You Need Is Sticker Graphics , A Nice Set and 400mL Project France , All Messed Up , Typoshirt 1 , Artaq , Stuck Up Piece of Crap. From Punk Rock to Contemporary Art , Street Art Contemporary Prints Victoria & Albert Museum Sakurai s work includes many references ... in his work. Works Image Esm 2.jpg thumb esm artificial stickers in tokyo, 2006. Image Esm 3.jpg thumb esm artificial stickers in tokyo, 2006. esm artificial is known to mass produce and deliver one ... group exhibition book http www.fashionlines.com blog no artificial flavors added fashionlines interview http www.deirdrecorley.com writing samples a nice set.html excerpt article on esm artificial ... wp 2004 04 commissioning street art esm artificial commissioning street art esm artificial http ... Persondata . NAME Esm Artificial ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Esm Artificial Category Year of birth missing living people ... artists Esm, artificial Category Canadian graphic designers Esm, artificial ... more details
Refimprove date April 2010 An artificial island or man made island is an island or archipelago that has ... island. Early artificial islands included floating island floating structures in still waters, or wood ... . In modern times artificial islands are usually formed by land reclamation , but some are formed ... platform s e.g., Principality of Sealand Sealand and Republic of Rose Island . Artificial islands ..., artificial islands actually have a long history in many parts of the world, dating back to the crannog ... arrived, stood on a small natural island in Lake Texcoco that was surrounded by countless artificial Chinampa chinamitl islands. Many artificial islands have been built in city urban harbor s to provide ... illegal immigrant illegal immigration . One of the most well known artificial islands is the le Notre ... od krpjela in Montenegro gallery Largest artificial islands according to their size class wikitable ... artificial island in the world. Kansai International Airport is the first airport to be built completely on an artificial island in 1994, followed by Ch bu Centrair International Airport in 2005 ... Lap Kok and Lam Chau . Dubai is home to several artificial islands projects, including the three ... The Flevopolder in the Netherlands is the largest artificial island in the world Image Kansai closeup.jpg ... in Dubai File Northstar Offshore Island Beaufort Sea.jpg Northstar Island , an artificial island for oil ... of the Sea treaty UNCLOS , artificial islands are not considered harbor works Article 11 and are under ... XI Preamble and frame index ref Artificial islands are not considered islands for purposes of having ... may construct artificial islands Article 87 . See also div style column count 1 moz column count 1 ... List of artificial islands Ocean colonization div References Reflist External links Commons category Artificial islands http seasteading.org files research law ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS 01.09.09 mod.doc.pdf Artificial Islands in The Law of the Sea Category Artificial islands Category Coastal construction ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove September 2009 weasel September 2010 An artificial organ is a man made device ... replacing of filters, would exclude a device from being called an artificial organ. Thus a dialysis ... the duties of a kidney , is not an artificial organ. At this time an efficient, self contained artificial kidney has not become available. Reasons Reasons construct and install an artificial organ ... a Organ transplant transplant e.g. artificial heart Dramatic improvement of the patient s ability for self care e.g. Prosthesis artificial limb Improvement of the patient s ability to interact socially ... or accident The use of any artificial organ by humans is almost always preceded by extensive Animal ... centers to eliminate symptoms. Cardia and pylorus valves Artificial cardia and pylorus can be used ... these artificial cylinders, normally sized to be direct replacements for the natural corpus cavernosa ... successful function replacing artificial eye so far is actually an external miniature digital camera ... for the brain. The problem of creating a 100 functional artificial electronic eye is even more complex than what is already obvious. Steadily increasing complexity of the artificial connection ... eye may be available. Heart While considered a success, the use of artificial heart s is limited ... to reliably sustain life beyond about 18 months. Artificial pacemaker s are Electronics electronic ... replace the function of a failing heart, without the removal of the heart itself. Artificial limbs Artificial arms and legs, or prosthetics , are intended to restore a degree of normal function ... Par in the 1500s, the amputee could not flex at will. Artificial hands of the time were quite ... his leg in the Civil War. He subsequently designed an artificial leg for himself and in 1861 founded ... for the treatment of liver failure using stem cell s. The artificial liver, currently under development ... http www.hepalife.com artificial liver.php liver HepaLife Artificial Liver Bot generated title ref It is only ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Writers in the fields of science speculation and science fiction fiction have created in their works several varieties of artificial worlds . Such megastructure s could have a variety of advantages over natural planet s, such as efficient use of solar energy and immense living space, but their construction and or maintenance would require technologies much in advance of that of 21st century Earth. It was often stated, that it is more possible to build a 2 gigaton Dyson sphere than a laser rifle, but still ringworlds etc. are treated in sci fi as symbol of immense power, often relic of wiktionary Precursor Precursor civilization or symbol of all powerful future empire. Examples of artificial worlds include Orbital The Culture Culture Orbital s Dyson sphere s Globus Cassus Planetoid s Ringworld In Douglas Adams HitchHiker s Guide To The Galaxy, an advanced race referred to as the Magratheans designed and built planets for the wealthy inhabitants of the galaxy, and the book went on to theorize that the Magratheans also designed and built Earth. DEFAULTSORT Artificial World Category Megastructures Category Science fiction themes Sf stub fr Monde artificiel it Pianeta artificiale ... more details
refimprove date February 2011 Artificial Society is the specific agent based computational model for computer simulation in social analysis. It is mostly connected to the theme in complex system , emergence , Monte Carlo Method , computational sociology , multi agent system multi agent system , and evolutionary programming . The concept itself is simple enough. Actually reaching this conceptual point took a while. Complex mathematical models have been, and are, common deceivingly simple models only have their roots in the late forties, and took the advent of the microcomputer to really get up to speed. Overview The aim is to construct parallel simulations consisting of computational devices, referred to as agents, with given properties, in order to model the target phenomena. The subject is the process of emergence from the lower micro level of a social system to the higher or macro level ... Reynolds . He attempted to model living biological agents, a method known as artificial life , a term coined by Christopher Langton . The computational methods of artificial life were applied to the analysis of social systems, christened the artificial society by Joshua M. Epstein and Robert Axtell ... first2 Robert L. last2 Axtell authorlink2 Robert Axtell year 1996 title Growing Artificial Societies ... 224 isbn 9780262550253 ref Eventually, the artificial society provided a new method for sociological ... level. The artificial society has been widely accepted by recent sociology as a promising method characterized ... based model s, and cellular automaton cellular automata CA . For many, artificial society is a meeting ... it as practical theology or a fact free science . However, the recent publication of artificial society articles in the scientific journals e.g. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation and http josc.bandungfe.net Journal of Social Complexity shows that artificial life techniques are becoming ... Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation Category Social sciences methodology ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 The Artificial Kid is a science fiction novel by Bruce Sterling , published in 1980. The Artificial Kid takes place on the planet Reverie , a world of coral continents, levitating islands, and the corrosive, transformative wilderness of The Mass. Reverie has been transformed into a utopia dystopia, with a stark class division. Arti, a heavily biologically modified boy from the Decriminalized Zone, becomes a pop star by selling videos of himself engaging in bloody combat with other fighters for the entertainment of the upper classes. When Reverie s founder, Moses Moses emerges from seven centuries of cryosleep, and Arti discovers an unpleasant secret about his past, both have to flee to escape from the powers of the Cabal that controls Reverie from behind the scenes. DEFAULTSORT Artificial Kid, The Category 1980 novels Category 1980s science fiction novels Category Novels by Bruce Sterling 1980s sf novel stub fr Le Gamin artificiel ... more details
Artificial development , also known as artificial embryogeny or computational development , is an area of computer science and engineering concerned with computational models motivated by genotype phenotype mappings in biological systems. Artificial development is often considered a sub field of evolutionary computation , although the principles of artificial development have also been used within stand alone computational models. Within evolutionary computation, the need for artificial development techniques was motivated by the perceived lack of scalability and evolvability of direct solution encodings Tufte, 2008 . Artificial development is based around the idea of an indirect solution encoding. Rather than describing a solution directly, an indirect encoding describes either explicitly or implicitly the process by which a solution is constructed. Often, but not always, these indirect encodings are based upon biological principles of development such as morphogen morphogen gradients , cell division and cellular differentiation e.g. Doursat 2008 , gene regulatory networks e.g. Guo et al. , 2009 , degeneracy biology degeneracy Whitacre et al. , 2010 , or analogous computational processes such as re writing, iteration, and time. The influences of interaction with the environment, spatiality and physical constraints on differentiated multi cellular development have been investigated more recently e.g. Knabe et al. 2008 . Artificial development approaches have been applied to a number of computational and design problems, including electronic circuit design Miller and Banzhaf 2003 , robotic controllers e.g. Taylor 2004 , and the design of physical structures e.g. Hornby 2004 ... Miikkulainen 2003 A Taxonomy for artificial embryogeny , Artificial Life journal Artificial Life 9 ... Resources Scaling in Artificial Development , Proc. Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conf. GECCO ... Generated Diffusion Gradients for Positional Information . In Artificial Life XI Proceedings ... more details
notability date December 2010 Artificial Australia was the title of a series of lectures given by prominent Australian architect , Robin Boyd in 1967 on the Australian Broadcasting Commission . The Boyer Lectures was a radio series that invited prominent Australians to become fake . the results of their works and thinking on major social, scientific or cultural issues. The series started in 1959 under the title of the ABC Lectures, but in 1961 the ABC decided to rename it as a memorial to the late Sir Richard Boyer, chairman of the ABC, who was the person responsible for the creation of the original series. ref The Boyer Lectures Artificial Australia by Robin Boyd Australian Broadcasting Commission Ambassador Press 22403 ref Lecture 1 Creative Man in a Frontier Society. Lecture 2 The Architecture of Ideas. Lecture 3 Integrity in the Artificial Object. Lecture 4 The Environmental Arts in Australia. Lecture 5 The Australian Myth in the Modern World. Reference list Reflist External links Category Australian radio programs ... more details
For the creation of a vagina through surgery Vaginoplasty pp move indef small yes Masturbation An artificial vagina is a device designed to imitate the female sex organ. To achieve this, it will generally ... Horse breeding dummy.jpg right thumb A breeding mount with a built in artificial vagina used to semen collection collect semen from horses for use in artificial insemination Artificial vaginas are widely used by farms in cattle artificial insemination programs and semen collection centers for collecting animal sperm and its further application. An artificial vagina designed for collecting semen ... as sex toy File Artificial vagina 3.jpg thumb left Artificial Vagina An artificial vagina for the purposes ... than accurately simulating a woman s vagina. Usually the artificial vagina has a realistic or close ... Artificial vagina in use Types Realistic This type of artificial vagina is modeled on female genitals ... or ribs into artificial vaginas to simulate the rugae and enhance pleasure. In Japan, Tenga masturbation toy onacups are popular realistic artificial vaginae that simulate various sex acts and come with lubricant already inside. Vibrating These artificial vaginas superficially resemble the previous ... bullets are usually controlled by a panel connected by a wire. Some kinds of vibrating artificial ... squeezed by the user. In prison slang , a fifi refers to an artificial vagina usually made by rolling ... year 2006 page 116 ISBN 0071458042 ref Materials The artificial vagina as a sex toy is designed from the materials that maximally imitate the natural skin. The materials used in manufacturing artificial ... with artificial vaginas made from silicone , which, while generally more expensive, is non ... category http www.equine reproduction.com articles avs.htm Equine artificial vaginas sex DEFAULTSORT Artificial Vagina Category Sex toys ar cs Um l vag na da Kunstig vagina de K nstliche ... artificiale hu M vagina ja no Kunstig vagina pl Sztuczna pochwa pt Vagina artificial ru ... more details
Refimprove date February 2010 Image Tipsy.jpg thumb right Artificial nails Artificial nails , also known as fake nails , false nails , fashion nails , nail enhancements , or nail extensions , are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories . Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance ... from real fingernails. Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials. Types The artificial ... to creating artificial nails&mdash tips and forms . Tips are made of lightweight plastic plates ... metallic colors. Forms are fitted over the nail and then an artificial nail is molded out of acrylic ... artificial nails as a status symbol indicating that, unlike commoners , they did not have to do manual ... over their nails, slowly spreading the artificial nail trend across Europe . In 1954, Fred Slack, a dentist, broke his fingernail at work, and invented the first artificial nail as a realistic looking ... post 588 ref In the late 20th century, artificial nails for women became widely popular ..., sculptured nails, nail wrapping, or acrylic overlays. Health Risks If fitted properly, artificial ... the nail bed and hamper natural nail growth. The most common problem associated with artificial nails is a fungal infection that may develop between the false and natural nail. When artificial nails are applied to the natural nail surface, minor types of trauma to the artificial nails which can ... instrument s may wear artificial nails as an aid in playing. Some guitarist s like Don Ross guitarist ... Chinese instruments , like the guqin , pipa , and ruan , also commonly used artificial nails. References ... http acrylicnailsv.com Acrylic Nails http www.uspedicurespa.com blog 17 artificial nails.aspx types of artificial nails http www.lifestylemac.com artificial nails are glamorous but take care Artificial nails are glamorous but take care http pedisalon.com blog 5 artificial nails.aspx Facts About Artificial ..., Amy. Dental Adhesives for Nails, NailPro Magazine, June 1994. Randy Schueller DEFAULTSORT Artificial ... more details
original research date December 2010 Artificial Stupidity is commonly used as a humorous opposite of the term artificial intelligence AI , often as a derogatory reference to the inability of an AI program to adequately perform basic tasks. fact date December 2010 However, within the field of computer science , artificial stupidity is also used to refer to a technique of dumbing down computer programs in order to deliberately introduce errors in their responses. History Alan Turing , in his 1952 paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence , proposed a test for intelligence which has since become known as the Turing test . ref name turing Turing 1950 ref While there are a number of different versions, the original test, described by Turing as being based on the Imitation Game , involved a machine intelligence a computer running an AI program , a female participant, and an interrogator. Both the AI and the female participant were to claim that they were female, and the interrogator s task was to work out which was the female participant and which was not by examining the participant s responses to typed questions. ref name turing While it is not clear whether or not Turing intended that the interrogator ... computer science, there are at least two major applications for artificial stupidity the generation ... as artificial stupidity to fool the judges into believing that it was human. ref name economist Citation title Artificial Stupidity year 1992 date 1992 09 01 journal The Economist ... s ability to win. By finely tuning the level of artificial stupidity , it is possible to create computer ... name liden citation last Lid n first Lars year 2004 title Artificial Stupidity The art of making intentional ... Media, Inc. ref Other applications According to its definition, a sufficiently developed Artificial ... http www.c2.com cgi wiki?ArtificialStupidity Describes Artificial Stupidity in the humorous context Category Philosophy of artificial intelligence compu AI stub ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name The Artificial Heart background group or band genre Rock, Post Punk Do not change the genres without discussion on the talk page origin Austin, Texas years active 2005&ndash present associated acts The Impossibles American band The Impossibles , Cruiserweight band Cruiserweight website http www.prioritiesintactrecords.com Official website current members Rory Phillips br Craig Tweedy br Scott Clapsaddle br Andrew Collins br Santiago Vela past members Jess McGress br Grant W. Anderson BR The Artificial Heart is an Austin, Texas based band featuring Rory Phillips and Craig Tweedy, both formerly of The Impossibles American band The Impossibles . It also currently features Scott Clapsaddle on guitar. History The band s beginnings can be traced as far back as 2004, when Rory begin the project Nineteen Ninety Now with Scott Clappsaddle. The short lived project produced the song Love Won t Be Enough, which has since became part of The Artificial Heart s live shows. Phillips rejoined with The Impossibles bassist Craig Tweedy and the band changed their name. The band name began as Rory and the Artificial Heart, but has since been shortened to just The Artificial Heart. Rory and the Artificial Heart began posting songs on their myspace page in the spring of 2006. Phillips has produced all of the band s material and the early demo recordings were recorded on his own. They played their first official show on June 10, 2006 at Emo s in Austin, TX. ref http www.punknews.org article 17702 ref At the time of the first show Jess .... The Artificial Heart album ref 1 http blogs.myspace.com index.cfm?fuseaction blog.view&friendId 22330493 ... www.prioritiesintactrecords.com The Artificial Heart Official Website http www.facebook.com pages The Artificial Heart 26155121611 The Artificial Heart on Facebook http www.myspace.com theartificialheart The Artificial Heart on Myspace Category Rock music groups from Texas Category Musical groups ... more details
File Kunstgress.JPG thumb 300px Modern artificial turf File Skagerak Arena turf.jpg thumb 300px Side view of artificial turf Artificial turf is a surface manufactured from synthetic fiber s made to look ... as well. The main reason is maintenance artificial turf resists heavy use, such as in sports, and requires no irrigation or trimming. Domed, covered, and partially covered stadiums may require artificial turf because of the difficulty of getting grass enough sunlight to stay healthy. But artificial ... from infill and some heightened health and safety concerns with children. Artificial turf first ... product used was called AstroTurf this term since then became a colloquialism for any artificial ... Triangle Park researchers who created the first notable artificial turf. That accomplishment led ... of welcome mats. Artificial turf first came to prominence in 1966, when AstroTurf was installed ... green. Due to a limited supply of the new artificial grass, only the infield was installed before .... Teams who chose to play on artificial surfaces outdoors did so because of the reduced maintenance ... Field equipped with artificial turf. In many artificial turf baseball installations, a full dirt infield is not provided, only the pitcher s mound and sliding boxes around each base. Baseball Artificial ... dirt and dead grass. The solution was to install a new type of artificial grass on the field, ChemGrass ... cleaners between innings. Artificial turf was later installed in other new multi purpose stadium cookie ... fielders in positioning themselves properly. The biggest difference in play on artificial turf was that the ball ... , as it came to be called, was on the bodies of the players. The artificial surface, which was generally ... the careers of those players who played a significant portion of their games on artificial ... of stadiums, such as Kauffman Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri , to switch from artificial turf back ... MLB field to use a softer artificial surface, FieldTurf . All other remaining artificial turf stadiums ... more details
Image Artificialreef.JPG thumb Constructing an artificial reef using Concrete masonry unit concrete blocks ... habitat. An artificial reef is a human made underwater structure, typically built to promote ... diving sites scuttling ships , or by deploying rubble or construction debris. Other artificial reefs ... become artificial reefs when preserved on the sea floor. Regardless of construction method, artificial ... Image Settled reefball.jpg left frame After several years, artificial reefs such as this The Reef Ball Foundation reef ball can begin to resemble natural habitat The construction of artificial reefs ... India n pirates by building an artificial reef, ref Thomas Wayne Williams, A Case Study of Artificial ... in driving the Carthaginians from the island. Artificial reefs to increase fish yields or for algaculture ... construction of artificial reef in the United States is from 1830s when logs from huts were used ... FOR MARINE ARTIFICIAL REEF MATERIALS , http www.gsmfc.org pubs SFRP Guidelines for Marine Artificial Reef Materials January 1997.pdf . Retrieved December 20, 2006. ref Since at least the 1830s, American fishermen used interlaced logs to build artificial reefs. More recently, castaway junk ... battle tanks, armored personnel carriers and oil drilling rigs. ref name ng211 Development Artificial ... of many artificial reefs, many created from deliberately sunken ships, including Coast Guard ... Artificial Reefs publisher National Geographic date February 2011 accessdate April 30, 2011 url http ngm.nationalgeographic.com 2011 02 artificial reefs harrigan text ref Osborne Reef main Osborne Reef ... used vehicle tires were dumped off the coast of Fort Lauderdale, Florida to form an artificial reef ... of the USS Oriskany , intentionally sunk in 2006 to become an artificial reef. The world s largest artificial reef was created by the purposeful sinking of the aircraft carrier USS Oriskany ... artificial reef will be the USS General Harry Taylor AP 145 USNS Hoyt S. Vandenberg , a former World ... more details
Artificial disintegration is the term coined by Ernest Rutherford for the process by which an atomic nucleus is broken down by bombarding it with high speed alpha particles , either from a particle accelerator , or a naturally decaying radioactive substance such as radium , as Rutherford originally used. ref cite book title Understanding physics first1 David C. last1 Cassidy first2 Gerald James last2 Holton first3 Floyd James last3 Rutherford publisher Birkh user year 2002 ISBN 0387987568 pages 766 ref See also Nuclear fission The Fly in the Cathedral References reflist DEFAULTSORT Artificial Disintegration Category Nuclear physics particle stub ... more details
other uses Artificial eye disambiguation Primary sources date January 2010 Artificial Eye is a Film distributor DVD distributor in the U.S. and UK, specialising in foreign language and art house films. The company is associated with the Curzon chain of cinemas in London. The companies catalogue of 300 titles on DVD and Blu ray was destroyed in the Sony PIAS warehouse fire in Enfield, North London during the August 2011 England riots . A company spokesman said the problems caused would be minimal. ref Henry Barnes and Andrew Pulver http www.guardian.co.uk film 2011 aug 09 british film distributors warehouse fire British film distributors left reeling by financial impact of Sony PIAS warehouse fire , The Guardian , 9 August 2011 ref References reflist External links official http www.artificial eye.com home.html Category Film distributors ... more details
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