italic title Taxobox name Ascaris image Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg image width 250px image caption Adult female regnum Animal ia phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea ordo Ascaridida familia Ascarididae genus Ascaris genus authority Carolus Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1758 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Ascaris lumbricoides br Ascaris suum Ascaris is a genus of parasite parasitic nematode worm s known as the giant intestinal roundworms . One species, Large roundworm of pigs A. suum , typically infects pigs , while another, Ascaris lumbricoides A. lumbricoides , affects human populations, typically in sub tropical and tropical areas with poor sanitation. A. lumbricoides is the largest intestinal roundworm and is the most common helminth infection of humans worldwide, an infection known as ascariasis . Infestation can cause morbidity, and sometimes death, by compromising nutritional status, affecting ... count Stool ova and parasite exam Pathology Lung phase A.lumbricoides is known as Ascaris pneumonitis ... sanitation and health education. Defense Mechanism As part of the parasite defense strategy, Ascaris ... MCPs . Ascaris inhibits MCPs by releasing a enzyme known as Ascaris carboxypeptidase inhibitor ACI . This enzyme ... barrier of Ascaris parasite. University of Barcelona, Spain. http health.dir.groups.yahoo.com group DrClark message 19422?var 1 gallery Image Ascarisesophagus.jpg Esophagus of an Ascaris worm. Image with unknown copyright status removed Image Ascarisfemale.jpg Ascaris female. The circles you ... Ascaris which usually loop around many times have been cut thus poducing the circles. deletable image caption 1 subst time l, j F Y 7 days Image Ascariscs40x1.jpg Ascaris Cross Section 40X Image Ascariscs40x3.jpg Ascaris Cross Section 40X Image Ascariscs400x1.jpg antivaisa Cross Section 400X gallery See also List of parasites human Category Nematodes ca Ascaris cs Ascaris da Spolorm de Ascaris es Ascaris fr Ascaris genre io Askarido kk lt Askarid s ne pl Ascaris simple Ascaris ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Ascaris lumbricoides image Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg image width 250px image caption An adult female Ascaris worm. regnum Animal ia phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea ordo Ascaridida familia Ascarididae genus Ascaris species A. lumbricoides binomial Ascaris lumbricoides binomial authority Carl Linnaeus Linnaeus , 10th edition of Systema Naturae 1758 Ascaris lumbricoides is the giant roundworm of humans , belonging to the phylum Nematoda . An ascaridida ascarid nematode ... Ascaris Lumbricoides Article by Aaron Laskey cite web url http www.emedicine.com EMERG topic840.htm title eMedicine Ascaris Lumbricoides Article by Aaron Laskey accessdate 2008 02 03 work ref Life cycle Ascaris lumbricoides , or roundworm , infections in humans occur when an ingested infective ... Press. ref Morphology File Ascaris lumbricoides.jpg right thumb Fertile egg in human faeces File Ascaris lumbricoides non fertile egg.jpg right thumb Infertile egg Ascaris lumbricoides is characterized ... as of 1987. Ascaris lumbricoides eggs are extremely resistant to strong chemicals, desiccation ... a year. This is particularly important with ascaris because its eggs are usually the most difficult pathogen to kill besides prion s , and the eggs commonly survive 1 3 years. Ascaris lives in the intestine ... by handlers, containers, etc. Bleach will not necessarily kill Ascaris eggs but it will remove their sticky film, to allow the eggs to be rinsed away. Ascaris eggs can be reduced by most composting ... 14 e16 DC1 Ascaris lumbricoides Video New England Journal of Medicine Helminthiases DEFAULTSORT Ascaris ... bg ca Ascaris lumbricoides cs krkavka d tsk de Spulwurm es Ascaris lumbricoides fa fr Ascaris parasite ko it Ascaris lumbricoides la Ascaris lumbricoides nl Spoelworm ps pl Glista ludzka pt Ascaris lumbricoides ro Limbric qu Pila k uyka sk Hl sta detsk fi Suolinkainen sv Spolmask tl Ascaris lumbricoides tr Ba rsak solucan uk ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Ascaris suum regnum Animal ia phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea ordo Ascaridida familia Ascarididae genus Ascaris species A. suum binomial Ascaris suum binomial authority Johann August Ephraim Goeze Goeze , 1782 Ascaris suum , also known as large roundworm of pigs , is a parasitism parasitic nematode that causes ascariasis in pig s. Until recently it was believed that Ascaris suum could also infect humans however, it has now been established that humans are affected by a related parasite, Ascaris lumbricoides . Ascaris suum is distributed worldwide and grows up to convert 40 cm in length. Ascaris infections are treated with ascaricide s. Ascaris suum is in the family Ascarididae , and is one of the oldest association to mankind. Life cycle The biological life cycle life cycle can be direct or indirect with paratenic hosts. The pig ingests the egg with an L2 larva inside. The larvae undergo liver hepatic migration, ecdysis moult to the L3 form, and then migrate to the lung s. Larvae enter the alveoli , are coughed up and then swallowed. This process is known ... of Ascaris suum occurs when its eggs, containing a third stage juvenile, are swallowed. The eggs ... congestion of the air pathways and is called Ascaris pneumonitis. With this condition the lung can ... hosts in the faeces by fecal floatation and or clinical signs. Ascaris infections are treated with ascaricide ... poisoning incident tainted his roommates food with Ascaris suum . Four of the victims became seriously ... and eosinophilia due to Ascaris suum infestation in man journal New England Journal of Medicine volume ... date October 13, 2003 accessdate February 15, 2012 ref Genetics A 273 megabase draft genome for Ascaris ... Liu, Bo Li, Neil D. Young, Ross S. Hall et al. year 2011 title Ascaris suum draft genome journal ... Sequenced genomes Category Animals described in 1782 ca Ascaris suum da Ascaris suum de Schweinespulwurm lt Kiaulin askarid ja pl Glista wi ska pt Ascaris suum ru ... more details
Multiple issues orphan March 2011 unreferenced October 2010 expert subject March 2011 The polycentric chromosome is when more than 2 chromosome are present e.g. par ascaris 2 chromosome Mucor hiemalis in plant s have 2 chromosome. Adder s tongue fern have 1262 chromosome. In auto cantha or radiolorian there are 1682 chromosome. DEFAULTSORT Polycentric Chromosome Category Chromosomes genetics stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Ascariasis Image Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg Caption Ascaris lumbricoides ICD10 ICD10 ... D001196 Ascariasis is a human disease caused by the parasite parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides ... tropical regions and in areas of poor hygiene . Other species of the genus Ascaris are parasitic ... Genes on chromosomes 1 and 13 have significant effects on Ascaris infection journal Proc. Natl ... ingestion of food contaminated with feces containing Ascaris egg biology eggs . The larva e hatch ... in children and obstruction of the bile or pancreas pancreatic duct. More than 796 Ascaris ... 3953945 ref Ascaris takes most of its nutrients from the partially digested host food in the intestine ... schisto Nematodes Ascaris.html title Ascaris lumbricoides work accessdate ref As a result, Ascaris ... date January 2009 In Canada in 1970, a postgraduate student tainted his roommates food with Ascaris ... failure. ref James A. Phills et al., Pulmonary Infiltrates, Asthma and Eosinophilia due to Ascaris Suum ... ascaris factsht ascaris.htm contagious title Ascaris Infection Fact Sheet format work accessdate .... Stool samples for ova and parasites will demonstrate Ascaris eggs. Larvae may be found in gastric ... response of ascaris muscle to acetylcholine. The narcotizing effect immobilizes the worm, which ... tested were positive for Ascaris , all of them being under age 20, while all 276 tested in metropolitan ..., Garner JB, Manuel FR title Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in a small Nova Scotian community ... samples sampled in United States urban catchments contained Ascaris ova, with rates as high as 5 ... , 87.5 of the sludge samples were positive with Ascaris , Toxocara , trichinosis Trichuris , and hookworm ... of the 13 soil samples tested positive for Ascaris Citation needed date February 2007 . Municipal ..., Ascaris eggs were detected at the rate of 0.18 eggs kg in potatoes, 0.27 eggs kg in turnip, 4.63 ... area showed that 73 of children working on these farms were infected with helminth s, particularly Ascaris ... more details
This article is about drugs to treat roundworm infections. See acaricide ac aricide s for pesticides that kill mites. Ascaricides are drug s to treat ascariasis that is caused by infections with parasite parasitic nematode s roundworms of the genus Ascaris giant intestinal roundworms . The large roundworm of pigs Ascaris suum typically infects pigs while Ascaris lumbricoides affects human populations, typically in sub tropical and tropical areas with poor sanitation. Common ascaricides include Mebendazole Vermox , causes slow immobilization and death of the worms by selectively and irreversibly blocking uptake of glucose and other nutrients in susceptible adult intestine where helminths dwell. Oral dosage is 100 milligram mg 12 hourly for 3 days. Piperazine , a flaccid paralyzing agent that causes a blocking response of ascaris muscle to acetylcholine. The narcotizing effect immobilizes the worm, which prevents migration when treatment is accomplished with weak drugs such as thiabendazole. If used by itself it causes the worm to be passed out in the feces. Dosage is 75 mg kg max 3.5 g as a single oral dose. Pyrantel pamoate Antiminth, Pin Rid, Pin X , depolarizes ganglionic block of nicotinic neuromuscular transmission, resulting in spastic paralysis of the worm. Spastic tetanic paralyzing agents, in particular pyrantel pamoate, may induce complete intestinal obstruction in a heavy worm load. Dosage is 11 mg kg not to exceed 1 g as a single dose. Albendazole , a broad spectrum antihelminthic agent that decreases Adenosine triphosphate ATP production in the worm, causing energy depletion, immobilization, and finally death. Dosage is 400 mg given as single oral dose contraindicated during pregnancy and children under 2 years . Thiabendazole , may cause migration of the worm into the esophagus , so it is usually combined with piperazine. Hexylresorcinol , effective in single dose ref name Holt Holt, Jr Emmett L, McIntosh Rustin Holt s Diseases of Infancy and Childhood ... more details
Taxobox name Ascaridida image Anisakids.jpg image width 240px image caption Unidentified Anisakidae Ascaridina Ascaridoidea regnum Animalia subregnum Eumetazoa unranked phylum Bilateria phylum Nematoda classis Chromadorea ordo Ascaridida ordo authority subdivision ranks Superfamilies subdivision Ascaridoidea Cosmocercoidea Heterakoidea Seuratoidea The order biology order Ascaridida includes several families of parasitic roundworms with three lips on the anterior end. They were formerly placed in the Class biology subclass Rhabditia by some, but morphological and DNA sequence data rather unequivocally assigns them to the Spiruria . The Oxyurida and Rhigonematida are occasionally placed in the Ascaridida as Taxonomic rank superfamily Oxyuroidea, but while they seem indeed to be Spiruria, they are not as close to Ascaris as such a treatment would place them. ref ToL 2002 ref In an alternate taxonomic treatment, the Ascaridida are ranked as an infraorder Ascaridomorpha . The suborder Dioctophymatina is doubtfully valid it contains a mere 2 family biology families , one of which is monotypic . Most Ascaridida are placed in the suborder Ascaridina . These worm s contain a number of important parasite s of humans and domestic animal s. Important family biology families include Anisakidae , also called the marine mammal ascarids . The larvae of these worms cause anisakiasis when ingested by humans, but do not reproduce. Ascarididae , which includes the giant intestinal roundworm s Ascaris spp. . Cosmocercoides , which includes taxa that parasitize certain amphibian s Toxocaridae , which includes parasites of canids , felid s, and raccoon s, but which can unsuccessfully parasitize humans and cause visceral larva migrans . These all belong in the Taxonomic rank superfamily Ascaridoidea . Footnotes Reflist References Commons category aut Tree of Life Web Project ToL 2002 http tolweb.org Nematoda 2472 2002.01.01 Nematoda . Version of 2002 JAN 01. Retrieved 2008 NOV 02. Helminth ... more details
Taxobox virus group vi familia Metaviridae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Metavirus br Errantivirus Metaviridae are a family of virus es which exist as retrotransposon s in a Eukaryote eukaryotic host s genome. They are very closely related to retrovirus es Metaviridae share many genomic elements with retroviruses, including length, organization, and genes themselves. This includes genes that encode reverse transcriptase , integrase , and capsid proteins. The reverse transcriptase and integrase proteins are needed for the retrotransposon activity of the virus. In some cases, virus like particles can be formed from capsid proteins. Some assembled Metaviridae particles can penetrate and infect previously uninfected cells. An example of this is the gypsy, a retroelement found in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. The ability to infect other cells in determined by the presence of the retroviral env genes which encode coat proteins. Metaviridae are split into the following genera Genus Metavirus type species Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty3 virus Genus Errantivirus type species Drosophila melanogaster gypsy virus Genus Semotivirus , type species Ascaris lumbricoides Tas virus External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ICTVdb Ictv fs metav.htm ICTVdB Index of Viruses http www.dpvweb.net notes showfamily.php?family Metaviridae Descriptions of Plant Viruses Retroviruses Category Viruses Virus stub ar ca Metav rid es Metaviridae zh ... more details
File Tick jena.JPG thumb Tick jena Macroparasites are parasites that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye, in contrast to microparasite s. They grow in one host biology host but reproduce by infective stages outside of this host. These generally include tick s, mite s, nematode s, flatworm s, etc., and can be either external parasites Parasitism Types ectoparasitic or internal parasites Parasitism Types endoparasitic . The most abundant macroparasite in humans is the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides . Up to 2000 of these nematodes can be found in a single human Citation needed date February 2007 . Macroparasitic infection results in around 100,000 deaths a year, mostly in South America, Southeast Asia, and Africa Citation needed date February 2007 . Macroparasites are also parasitic of many plant species and can be a significant agricultural pest. Beyond Parasitology A different distinction between micro and macroparasites was made by historian William Hardy McNeill in his 1976 book Plagues and Peoples . Macroparasites are defined by McNeill to be infections used to attack and exploit susceptible neighbouring peoples in a form of epidemiological warfare. The parasitology parasitological definition of macroparasite is based on parasite Biological life cycle life cycles rather than the human politics of biological warfare . See also Ecology Epidemiology Microparasite Parasitism References McNeill, W.H. 1976 . Plagues and Peoples. Garden City, NY Anchor Press Doubleday. ISBN 0 385 12122 9. Category Parasites Parasite stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Geohelminths are soil transmitted parasite parasitic nematode s with a life cycle that involves no intermediate hosts or vectors they infect many animals, including humans, and are spread by the faecal contamination of soil, foods and water. Most species have juvenile forms which move around the body of the host, but all species inhabit the intestine in their adult stages and release their eggs in the host s faeces. The diseases they cause can thus be local or systemic. Four species cause widespread disease in humans Ascaris lumbricoides the large roundworm, which causes ascariasis , Trichuris trichiura the whipworm, which causes trichuriasis , and the blood feeding hookworm s Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus , which cause ankylostomiasis . Geohelminth infection is a major health problem of children from rural areas of developing countries like India . It is an important cause of morbidity in school age children who harbour the highest intensity of worm infestation. Some of the significant morbidity attributed to intestinal helminthiasis is malnutrition, growth retardation, anemia , Nyctalopia vitamin A deficiency and impaired intellectual performance. Thus, hookworm poses a serious threat to developing countries trying to raise their level of education. Category Nematodes Category Parasites ... more details
Taxobox image Ascarina polystachya.jpg image width 240px image caption Ascarina polystachya from Tahiti . regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms ordo Chloranthales familia Chloranthaceae genus Ascarina genus authority J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. subdivision ranks Species subdivision Ascarina coursii br Ascarina lucida br Ascarina philippinensis br Ascarina polystachya br Ascarina rubricaulis Ascarina is a plant genus of fewer than 20 species of small tree s in the family Chloranthaceae . Ascarina are usually tropical cloud forest species that require high humidity and regular rainfall to thrive. The name comes from the Ascaris Ascaris worm the anthers of the Ascarina flower are thought to look similar to the worm. Most species are dioecious , producing unisexual male or female flowers on separate plants. However, Ascarina lucida , the only species in New Zealand , is monoecious . ref name Moore 1977 cite journal last Moore first Lucy B. year 1977 title The flowers of Ascarina lucida Hook. f. Chloranthaceae journal New Zealand Journal of Botany volume 15 pages 491 494 url http www.rsnz.org publish nzjb 1977 25.pdf format pdf ref The basic chromosome number for the genus is n 13, ref name Okada 1995 cite journal last Okada first Hiroshi year 1995 title Karyological studies of four genera of the Chloranthaceae journal Plant Systematics and Evolution volume 195 issue 3 4 pages 177 185 url http www.springerlink.com content qx13803m33403454 doi 10.1007 BF00989294 ref although some species have n 14. ref name Carr 1986 cite journal last Carr first Gerald D. coauthors Gordon McPherson year 1986 title Chromosome numbers of New Caledonian plants journal Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden volume 73 issue 2 pages 486 489 doi 10.2307 2399127 jstor 2399127 ref The chromosome morphology is similar to that of Chloranthus . ref name Okada 1995 References Reflist External links http insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu search index.cfm?e fulldescription&q 975 Micrographs of wood sections of ... more details
enzyme Name 2 methyl branched chain enoyl CoA reductase EC number 1.3.1.52 CAS number 122320 06 3 IUBMB EC number 1 3 1 52 GO code 0047119 image width caption In enzymology , a 2 methyl branched chain enoyl CoA reductase EC number 1.3.1.52 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 methylbutanoyl CoA NAD sup sup math rightleftharpoons math 2 methylcrotonoyl CoA NADH H sup sup Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are 2 methylbutanoyl CoA and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are 2 methylcrotonoyl CoA , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH CH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2 methyl branched chain acyl CoA NAD 2 oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FAD . References reflist 1 cite journal author Komuniecki R, Fekete S, Thissen Parra J date 1985 title Purification and characterization of the 2 methyl branched chain Acyl CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in NADH dependent enoyl CoA reduction in anaerobic mitochondria of the nematode, Ascaris suum journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 260 pages 4770&ndash 7 pmid 3988734 issue 8 cite journal author Komuniecki R, McCrury J, Thissen J, Rubin N date 1989 title Electron transfer flavoprotein from anaerobic Ascaris suum mitochondria and its role in NADH dependent 2 methyl branched chain enoyl CoA reduction journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 975 pages 127&ndash 31 pmid 2736251 issue 1 1.3 enzyme stub Category EC 1.3.1 Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Flavin enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it 2 metil enoil CoA a catena ramificata reduttasi ja 2 CoA ... more details
chembox UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 4QIH0N49E7 verifiedrevid 444739188 ImageFile Pyrantel.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName 1 Methyl 2 E 2 2 thienyl vinyl 5,6 dihydro 4 H pyrimidine OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct ?? CASNo 15686 83 6 PubChem 708857 ATCCode prefix P02 ATCCode suffix CC01 ATC Supplemental ATCvet P52 AF02 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D08451 SMILES CN1CCCN C1C CC2 CC CS2 MeSHName Pyrantel Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 11 sub H sub 14 sub N sub 2 sub S MolarMass 206.31 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Pyrantel is an antinematodal thiophene . It is often prescribed by veterinarians to treat and prevent the occurrence of intestinal parasites in small animal pets. Mechanism of Action Pyrantel is a nicotinic receptor agonist. ref Aceves, J., Erlij, D., and Martinez Maranon, R. 1970 . http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 5445688&dopt Abstract The mechanism of the paralysing action of tetramisole on Ascaris somatic muscle. Br. J. Pharmacol. 38, 602 607. ref ref Aubry, M.L., Cowell, P., Davey, M.J., and Shevde, S. 1970 . http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 5417856&dopt Abstract Aspects of the pharmacology of a new anthelmintic pyrantel. Br. J. Pharmacol. 38, 332 344. ref Like levamisole and the related pyrimidine morantel , it can elicit muscle spasm spastic paralysis muscle paralysis in parasitic worms due to prolonged activation of the excitatory Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor nicotinic acetylcholine nACh receptors on body wall muscle . This has been studied in body wall muscle preparation of the parasitic nematode Ascaris . ref Martin, R.J., Verma, S., Levandoski, M., Clark, C.L., Qian, H., Stewart, M., and Robertson, A.P. 2005 . http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 16569294?dopt Abstract Drug resistance and neurotransmitter receptors of nematodes ... more details
Army in East Africa deserted. Most of the Eritrean Ascaris however remained loyal until ... Ascari against the Dervisci ref . Initially the Eritrean Ascaris comprised only infantry battalions ... right Graves of unknown Ascaris killed in 1941 during the Battle of Keren The Eritrean Ascari were ... s in the British Empire forces. Notable events in the history of Italy s Eritrean Ascaris included About six thousand Eritrean Ascaris, serving in both infantry and artillery units, were present at the Battle ... . In the Second Italo Abyssinian War Italian conquest of Ethiopia 1935 1936 the veteran Eritrean Ascaris ... Ascaris were killed in this war. During World War II a number of Eritrean Ascari were awarded the Gold ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 13882 ICD10 ICD10 B 83 0 b 65 ICD9 ICD9 128.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 2407 MeshID D007816 Visceral larva migrans is a condition in humans caused by the migratory larvae of certain nematodes , humans being a terminal host , and was first reported in 1952. ref cite pmid 14911260 ref Nematodes causing such zoonotic infections are Baylisascaris procyonis , ref cite pmid 16223954 ref Toxocara canis , ref name beaver cite pmid 13645880 ref Toxocara cati , ref name beaver and Ascaris suum . ref cite pmid 16714661 ref These nematodes can infect but not mature in humans and after migrating through the intestinal wall, travel with the blood stream to various organs where they cause inflammation and damage. Affected organs can include the liver , heart causing myocarditis and the Central nervous system CNS causing dysfunction, seizure s, and coma . A special variant is ocular larva migrans where usually T. canis larvae travel to the eye. Cutaneous larva migrans is a condition where nematodes such as Ancylostoma braziliense migrate to the skin. A list of causative agents of larva migrans syndromes is not agreed upon and varies with the author. ref cite web url http www.cfsph.iastate.edu Factsheets pdfs larva migrans.pdf title Larva migrans author Iowa State University date May, 2005 accessdate November 10,2010 ref See also Toxocariasis References references Category Helminthiases infectious disease stub Helminthiases ar ja pt Larva migrans visceral ... more details
Taxobox name Spiruria image Filariasis Microfilariae of Loa loa right and Mansonella perstans left DPDx.JPG image width 240px image caption Microfilaria e of Mansonella perstans left and Loa loa Spirurida Filariidae regnum Animal ia subregnum Eumetazoa unranked phylum Bilateria phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea subclassis Spiruria subclassis authority subdivision ranks Order biology Order s subdivision Ascaridida br Camallanida small disputed small br Drilonematida small disputed small br Oxyurida br Rhigonematida br Spirurida synonyms Spirurina Subclass biology Subclass Spiruria comprises mostly parasitic secernentea n nematodes . In an alternate classification, they are treated as suborder Spirurina , with the orders listed here being ranked as infraorder s. The Ascaridida and the Oxyurida , which include worms that infect many mammal s including marine mammal s , are sometimes placed in subclass Rhabditia . But that seems as spurious as the erstwhile placement of the Rhigonematida in subclass Tylenchia . The Camallanida and Drilonematida are sometimes included in the Spirurida as suborder and Taxonomic rank superfamily , respectively. ref ToL 2002 ref Some important species Giant roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides , causes ascariasis in humans Toxocara canis , parasite of dogs Anisakis , responsible for the human disease Anisakiasis Footnotes Reflist References commonscat wikispecies Spiruria uses ITIS systematics is OK but list of taxa is incomplete aut Tree of Life Web Project ToL 2002 http tolweb.org Nematoda 2472 2002.01.01 Nematoda . Version of 2002 JAN 01. Retrieved 2008 NOV 02. nematode stub parasite stub Category Parasitic animals Category Nematodes pt Spiruria ... more details
Taxobox name Ascaridina image T. canis adult worms wiki.JPG image width 220px image caption Adult Toxocara canis br Ascaridoidea Toxocaridae regnum Animalia subregnum Eumetazoa unranked phylum Bilateria phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea subclassis Spiruria ordo Ascaridida subordo Ascaridina subordo authority subdivision ranks Superfamilies subdivision 5, see text The suborder Ascaridina contains the bulk of the Ascaridida , parasitic roundworms with three lips on the anterior end. The Ascaridida were formerly placed in the Class biology subclass Rhabditia by some, but morphological and DNA sequence data rather unequivocally assigns them to the Spiruria . The Oxyurida and Rhigonematida are occasionally placed in the Ascaridina as Taxonomic rank superfamily Oxyuroidea, but while they seem indeed to be Spiruria, they are not as close to Ascaris as such a treatment would place them. ref ToL 2002 ref These worm s contain a number of important parasite s of humans and domestic animal s, namely in the Taxonomic rank superfamily Ascaridoidea . Systematics The Ascaridina contain the following superfamilies and family biology families ref ToL 2002 , SN2K 2008 ref div float left col begin width 70 col 1 of 2 Superfamily Ascaridoidea Acanthocheilidae Anisakidae Ascarididae Crossophoridae Goeziidae Heterocheilidae Raphidascarididae disputed Toxocaridae Superfamily Cosmocercoidea Atractidae Cosmocercidae Kathlaniidae Kathlanidae is lapsus Superfamily Heterakoidea Ascaridiidae Aspidoderidae disputed Heterakidae col 2 of 2 Superfamily Seuratoidea Chitwoodchabaudiidae disputed Cucullanidae Quimperiidae Schneidernematidae Seuratidae Superfamily Subuluroidea Maupasinidae Subuluridae col end div Footnotes Reflist References aut Systema Naturae 2000 SN2K 2008 http www.taxonomy.nl main classification 115725.htm Suborder Ascaridina . Version of 2008 AUG 14. Retrieved 2008 NOV 05. aut Tree of Life Web Project ToL 2002 http tolweb.org Nematoda 2472 2002.01.01 Nematoda . Version of 2002 JA ... more details
structures of MSP from Ascaris suum and Caenorhabditis elegans have been determined by X ray crystallography ... Yi In Ascaris suum , two MSP fiber proteins MFP , MFP1 and 2, with opposite effect on polymerization ... major sperm protein MSP of Ascaris suum journal J. Mol. Biol. volume 263 issue 2 pages 284 96 year ... of the motile major sperm protein MSP of Ascaris suum evidence for two manganese binding sites ... sperm of the nematode, Ascaris suum journal J. Cell. Sci. volume Pt 4 issue pages 847 57 series ..., Stewart M title Hydrostatic pressure shows that lamellipodial motility in Ascaris sperm requires membrane ... that generate amoeboid cell motility in Ascaris sperm journal J. Cell. Sci. volume 116 issue Pt 13 ... associated assembly of the major sperm protein motility apparatus in the amoeboid sperm of Ascaris ..., Seavy M, Stewart M, Roberts TM title Dissection of the Ascaris sperm motility machinery identifies ... more details
, 1970 Pulmonary infiltrates, asthma, and eosinophilia due to Ascaris suum infestation in man ... or index case for Ascaris suum infection in humans. Doctors had originally consulted Walter Reed ... more details
Infobox scientist name Edouard Van Beneden image Edouard van Beneden in front of the Aquarium et mus e de zoologie.jpg image size 150px caption Edouard Van Beneden birth date 5 March 1846 birth place Leuven death date 28 April 1910 death place Li ge residence citizenship nationality Belgium Belgian ethnicity field Embryology embryologist work institutions University of Li ge alma mater doctoral advisor doctoral students known for meiosis author abbrev bot author abbrev zoo influences influenced prizes religion footnotes signature Edouard Joseph Marie Van Beneden Leuven , 5 March 1846 Li ge , 28 April 1910 , son of Pierre Joseph Van Beneden , was a Belgium Belgian Embryology embryologist , Cell biology cytologist and Marine biology marine biologist . He was professor of zoology at the University of Li ge . He contributed to cytogenetics by his works on the roundworm Ascaris . In this work he discovered how chromosome s organized meiosis the production of gametes . Van Beneden elucidated, together with Walther Flemming and Eduard Strasburger , the essential facts of mitosis , where, in contrast to meiosis, there is a qualitative and quantitative equality of chromosome distribution to daughter cells. See karyotype References cite journal last Hamoir first G authorlink year 1992 month March title The discovery of meiosis by E. Van Beneden, a breakthrough in the morphological phase of heredity journal Int. J. Dev. Biol. volume 36 issue 1 pages 9 15 publisher location issn pmid 1627480 bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote cite journal last Hamoir first G authorlink year 1986 month October title Edouard Van Beneden, biologist and stoic journal Revue m dicale de Li ge volume 41 issue 20 pages 779 85 publisher location issn pmid 3541105 bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote Bibliography Edouard van Beneden. SpeedyLook encyclopedia. 22 Mar. 2009 http www.speedylook.com Edouard van Beneden ... more details
Infobox disease Name L ffler s syndrome Image Eosinophil.png Caption Eosinophil DiseasesDB 7580 ICD10 ICD10 J 82 j 80 ICD9 ICD9 518.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000105 eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 1322 MeshID D011657 L ffler s syndrome or Loeffler s syndrome is a disease in which eosinophil s accumulate in the lung in response to a parasite parasitic infection. It was first described in 1932 by Wilhelm L ffler doctor Wilhelm L ffler ref cite journal author L ffler, W. title Zur Differential Diagnose der Lungenifiltrierungen. I. Fr hfiltrate unter besonerer Ber cksichtigung der R ckbildungszeiten journal Beitr ge zum Klinik der Tuberkulose volume 79 issue pages 338 367 year 1932 br cite journal author L ffler, W. title Zur Differential Diagnose der Lungenifiltrierungen. II. ber fl chtige Succedan Infiltrate mit Eosinophilie journal Beitr ge zum Klinik der Tuberkulose volume 79 pages 368 382 year 1932 br cite journal author L ffler, W. title Fl chtige Lungeninfiltrate mit Eosinophilia journal Klinische Wochjenschrift volume 14 pages 297 9 year 1935 publisher Berlin doi 10.1007 BF01782394 issue 9 ref in cases of eosinophilic pneumonia caused by the parasites Ascaris lumbricoides , ref GPnotebook 463077386 ref Strongyloides stercoralis and the hookworm s Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus . Although L ffler only described eosinophilic pneumonia in the context of infection, many authors give the term L ffler s syndrome to any form of acute onset pulmonary eosinophilia no matter what the underlying cause. If the cause is unknown, it is specified and called simple pulmonary eosinophilia . Cardiac damage caused by the damaging effects of eosinophil granule proteins ex. major basic protein is known as Loeffler endocarditis and can be caused by idiopathic eosinophilia or eosinophilia in response to parasitic infection. The disease is in the differential diagnosis of wheezing. See also Eosinophilic pneumonia Parasitic pneumonia Pneumonia References reflist Respirator ... more details
Ernest Hubert Francis Baldwin March 29, 1909 &ndash December 7, 1969 was an England English biochemist , textbook author and pioneer in the field of comparative biochemistry . Born in Gloucester , Baldwin attended the Crypt Grammar School followed by St. John s College, Cambridge . He completed the natural sciences tripos , specialising in biochemistry for Part II. He won a Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 scholarship for 1933 1935, remaining at Cambridge to study biochemistry. His main influence there was the eminent biochemist Frederick Gowland Hopkins he also worked with Joseph Needham and Dorothy Needham . ref name Datta S. P. Datta. http www.oxforddnb.com view article 51705 Baldwin, Ernest Hubert Francis 1909 1969 , biochemist , Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed October 3, 2007. ref In 1937, inspired by the broad biochemical interests of Hopkins and the Needhams, Baldwin published An Introduction to Comparative Biochemistry , an influential introductory textbook that went through four editions, the last in 1964. By 1946 Baldwin had advanced to the position of lecturer in biochemistry at Cambridge. In 1947, he published the first edition of five of Dynamic Aspects of Biochemistry , a widely used and translated textbook that won the 1952 European Cortina Ulisse Prize . ref name Datta Baldwin s research at St. John s from 1940 to 1949 focused on the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides . He also spent the summer of 1948 at the Marine Biological Laboratory , studying phosphagen in invertebrates. ref National Cataloguing Unit for the Archives of Contemporary Scienitsts, The Library, Bath University, http www.bath.ac.uk ncuacs guideb.htm EHFBaldwin Guide to the manuscript papers of British scientists B . Accessed October 5, 2007. ref In 1950, Baldwin moved to University College, London , as chair of biochemistry. In addition to developing a biochemistry curriculum and managing new laboratory facilities, Baldwin s m ... more details
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