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Encyclopedia results for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Category:Acronyms

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Category:Acronyms





Encyclopedia results for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Category:Acronyms

  1. Symmetric digital subscriber line

    Refimprove date December 2008 DSL technologies Symmetric digital subscriber line SDSL can have two meanings In the wider sense it is a collection of Internet access technologies based on Digital subscriber line DSL that offer symmetric Bandwidth computing bandwidth Upstream networking upstream and downstream computer science downstream . It is considered the opposite of asymmetric digital subscriber line ADSL technologies where the upstream bandwidth is lower than the downstream bandwidth. In the narrow sense SDSL is a particular DSL variant that supports data only on a single line and does not support analog calls. SDSL technology SDSL is a rate adaptive digital subscriber line DSL variant with T carrier T1 E carrier E1 like data rates T1 1.544 Data rate units Megabit per second Mbit s , E1 2.048 Mbit s . It runs over one pair of copper wires, with a maximum range of convert 10000 ft m . It cannot co exist with a conventional voice service on the same pair as it takes over the entire bandwidth. ref cite web url http www.cisco.com en US docs internetworking technology handbook DSL Dig Subscr Ln.html wp1020696 title Internetworking Technology Handbook publisher Cisco Systems, Inc. accessdate .... It is the predecessor of single pair high speed digital subscriber line G.SHDSL which was standardized .... ref cite web url http www.itu.int rec T REC G.991.2 en title G.991.2 Single pair high speed digital subscriber line SHDSL transceivers publisher ITU T accessdate 2008 12 04 ref SDSL is often confused with G.SHDSL and High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line HDSL ref cite web url http www.blackbox.co.uk ... Reflist DEFAULTSORT Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital subscriber line Category ITU T recommendations Compu network stub bs SDSL de Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line es SDSL fr Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line ko SDSL it SDSL nl SDSL no SDSL pl Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line ... performance of a leased line . ref cite web url http www.cisco.com en US docs internetworking ...   more details



  1. ISDN digital subscriber line

    DSL technologies ISDN Digital Subscriber Line IDSL uses Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN based technology to provide a data communication channel across existing copper telephone lines at a rate of 144 kbit s, slightly higher than a bonded dual channel ISDN connection at 128kbit s. The digital transmission bypasses the telephone company s central office equipment that handles analogue signals. IDSL uses the ISDN grade loop without Basic Rate Interface in ISDN transmission mode. The benefits of IDSL over ISDN are that IDSL provides always on connections and transmits data via a data network rather than the carrier s voice network. ref cite press release url http www.cisco.com en US tech tk175 tk349 technologies q and a item09186a00800946d3.shtml title IDSL Frequently Asked Questions date February 26, 2008 publisher Cisco ref IDSL also avoids per call fees by being generally billed at a flat rate. IDSL is not available in all countries. ISDN digital subscriber line IDSL is a cross between ISDN and xDSL. It is like ISDN in that it uses a single wire pair to transmit full duplex data at 128 kbit s and at distances of up to RRD range. Like ISDN, IDSL uses a 2B1Q line code to enable transparent operation through the ISDN U interface. Finally, the user continues to use existing Customer premises equipment CPE ISDN BRI terminal adapters, bridges, and routers to make the CO connections. The big difference is from the carrier s point of view. Unlike ISDN, IDSL does not connect through the voice switch. A new piece of data communications equipment terminates the IDSL connection and shunts it off to a router or data switch. This is a key feature because the overloading of central office voice switches by data users is a growing problem for telcos. The limitation of IDSL is that the customer ... Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital subscriber line Category Integrated Services Digital Network telecomm stub de ISDN Digital Subscriber Line es IDSL fr IDSL it IDSL pl IDSL pt IDSL ru IDSL ...   more details



  1. Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line

    Unreferenced date December 2008 for RE ADSL2 ITU G.992.3 Annex L DSL technologies Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line RADSL is a variation of Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADSL technology. In RADSL the DSL modem adjusts the upstream networking upstream Bandwidth signal processing bandwidth to create a wider frequency band for the downstream traffic. Using this technique the line is more tolerant of errors caused by Noise physics noise and signal loss. As the frequency is adjusted, the upstream bandwidth may be markedly decreased if there is a large amount of line noise or signal degradation this may reduce the upstream bit rate to as little as 64 kbit s the same speed as a single ISDN B channel . See also Digital subscriber line DSL Single Pair High speed Digital Subscriber Line SHDSL Category Digital subscriber line de Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Aushandlung fr Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line pl Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line pt RADSL ru RADSL ...   more details



  1. High-bit-rate digital subscriber line

    for the entire HDSL family of protocols. See also Asymmetric digital subscriber line Symmetric digital subscriber line Digital subscriber line Very high bit rate digital subscriber line External links http www.itu.int rec T REC G.991.1 en ITU T Recommendation G.991.1 High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line HDSL transceivers http www.commsdesign.com main 1999 08 9908feat2.htm HDSL Primer http www.thehistoryof.net history of dsl.html History of DSL DEFAULTSORT High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital subscriber line bs HDSL ca High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line de High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line es L nea de abonado digital de alta velocidad binaria fr High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line it HDSL he DSL DSL pl High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line pt HDSL ru HDSL sk High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line ...Cleanup date August 2010 DSL technologies High bit rate digital subscriber line HDSL was the first DSL technology to use a higher frequency spectrum of copper, twisted pair cables. HDSL was developed in the US, as a better technology for high speed, synchronous circuits typically used to interconnect ... technologies, called HDSL2 and symmetric digital subscriber line SDSL . HDSL2 offers the same data ..., using Digital Signal 1 T1 lines. HDSL service types include HDSL1, HDSL2 and HDSL4 and are typically ... Mbit s . These circuits were originally carried using a line code called alternate mark inversion AMI . Later the line code used was B8ZS . AMI did not have sufficient range, requiring the application ... trouble such as inferior splices and backhoe fade . These line codes at this bit rate give a bandwidth ... the problem were done in the US, using the line code 2B1Q . This modulation allowed for a 784 kbit ... line code, that reached the maximum bandwidth of 2.0 Mbit s using two pairs of copper. HDSL gave the telcos ... slow speed data links to customers. In this case, the line rate is still the full T1 E1 rate, but the customer ...   more details



  1. Digital subscriber line access multiplexer

    and Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2 Plus ADSL2 technology and maximum data rate. Local conditions ... A digital subscriber line access multiplexer DSLAM , often pronounced dee slam is a network device, often ... customer digital subscriber line DSL interfaces to a high speed digital communications channel using multiplexing techniques. ref citeweb title Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DSLAM url http ... Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer . User traffic is mostly IP based. Traditional 20th ... and a richer set of features and functionality. See also Commonscat DSLAM Asymmetric digital subscriber line ADSL Broadband Internet access Broadband Remote Access Server BRAS Cable modem termination system analogous device for CATV ISDN digital subscriber line IDSL Symmetric digital subscriber line SDSL Symmetric high speed digital subscriber line SHDSL Triple play telecommunications Very high bit rate digital subscriber line VDSL Very high bitrate digital subscriber line 2 VDSL2 References ... subscriber line ca DSLAM cs DSLAM de Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer et DSL p rdusmultiplekser el Digital subscriber line access multiplexer es DSLAM fa fr Digital subscriber ... nl DSLAM ja DSLAM no DSLAM pl Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer pt Multiplexador de Acesso ... in order to move data at the maximum connection rate capability of the subscriber s physical line ...Diagram was included in the Role section, showing where the DSLAM sits on the path from the DSL subscriber ... mile LM . Telephone exchange Main distribution frame MDF a wiring rack that connects outside subscriber ... with the service provider s DSLAM DSLAM a device for DSL service. The DSLAM port where the subscriber ... to which it is connected may take advantage of enhanced telephone voice and data line signaling ... within a neighborhood serving area interface , sometimes in conjunction with a digital loop carrier ... subscriber s DSL modem . This modem functionality is integrated into the DSLAM itself instead of being ...   more details



  1. Multi-rate symmetric digital subscriber line

    Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 DSL technologies Multi rate symmetric DSL MSDSL is a digital subscriber line technology with a maximum distance of 8,800  m 29,000  ft . It is capable of multiple transfer rates, as set by the Internet service provider , typically based on the service and or price. The maximum speed in both directions is about 2 Mbit s. Technology MSDSL is based on 2B1Q transmission with a capacity of 2.32 Mbit s. The bandwidth is split between a full E carrier E1 payload 2.048 Mbit s , with the remaining bandwidth accommodating up to three voice channels or two ISDN channels. Additional bandwidth is used for management purposes. Transmission over the single pair requires echo cancellation and adaptive equalizers in order to achieve the maximum range at a specific rate. For each user rate, the modem changes the 2B1Q transmission rate, employing different filters and equalizer settings. The modem s adaptive setting is determined during its initial use, and continues constantly during operation. DEFAULTSORT Multi Rate Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital subscriber line Compu network stub ...   more details



  1. High bit rate digital subscriber line 2

    DSL technologies Refimprove date July 2007 HDSL2 is the 2nd generation of HDSL with a 6dB Noise Margin, put simply it is another way to provision a T 1 line, only this technology relies on fewer wires two instead of four and therefore costs less to set up. Category Digital subscriber line Internet stub ...   more details



  1. Single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line

    DSL technologies Single pair high speed digital subscriber line SHDSL is a form of digital subscriber line DSL , a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone line s than a conventional voiceband modem can provide. Compared to ADSL , SHDSL employs TC PAM modulation and frequencies that include those used by analog plain old telephone service POTS to provide equal transmit and receive i.e. symmetric data rates. As such, a frequency splitter, or DSL filter , cannot be used to allow a telephone line to be shared by both an SHDSL service and a POTS service at the same time. Support of symmetric data rates made SHDSL a popular choice by businesses for private branch exchange PBX , virtual private network VPN , web hosting and other data services. SHDSL features symmetrical data rates in both the upstream networking upstream and downstream networking downstream directions, from 192 kbit s to 2,312 kbit s of payload computing payload in 8 kbit s increments for one pair and 384 kbit s to 4,624 kbit s in 16 kbit s increments for two pairs of wires. The reach varies according to the local loop loop line rate rate and noise conditions more noise or higher rate means decreased reach and may be up to 3,000 meters. The two pair feature may alternatively be used for increased reach applications by keeping the data rate low. Halving the data rate per ... in North America to refer to symmetric digital subscriber line . External links http www.itu.int rec T REC G.991.2 en ITU T Recommendation G.991.2 Single pair high speed digital subscriber line SHDSL transceivers Category Digital subscriber line Category ITU T recommendations de G.SHDSL es SHDSL fr SHDSL id G.SHDSL it Single Pair High speed Digital Subscriber Line pl Symmetric High speed Digital Subscriber Line pt G.SHDSL ru Single pair High speed Digital Subscriber Line fi SHDSL sv Single Pair High speed Digital Subscriber Line tr SHDSL ...   more details



  1. Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line

    and an internal filter for voice data separation. Very high bit rate digital subscriber line VDSL or VHDSL ... trials ref is a digital subscriber line DSL technology providing faster data transmission over a single ... by ITU in November 2001. Second generation systems very high speed digital subscriber line 2 VDSL2 ... in VDSL ITU G.993.1 VDSL 55 Mbit s 3Mbit s 2004 06 13 VDSL Very high speed digital subscriber line 2 ITU G.993.2 Very high speed digital subscriber line 2 VDSL2 100 Mbit s 100 Mbit s 2006 02 17 expand ... T Recommendation G.993.1 Very high speed digital subscriber line transceivers http www.uk bug.net ...?pd id 111&rp id 166 VDSL2 by PTCL in Pakistan DEFAULTSORT Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital subscriber line cs VDSL de Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line et VDSL el Very high bitrate digital subscriber line es VDSL fr Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line ko VDSL id VDSL it VDSL hu VDSL nl VDSL ja VDSL pl VDSL pt VDSL ru VDSL simple Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line sk Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line sl VDSL sr VDSL sv Digital Subscriber Line VDSL tr VDSL zh VDSL ... of symmetric and asymmetric data rates exceeding 10 Mbit s on short phone lines. expand section date ... communication company started testing VDSL with 20, 25, 30 and 40  Mbit s asymmetric, up speed ... VDSL services. Japan s VDSL offerings use an FTTx access line network architecture. Malaysia Alcatel ... as such, a final link between the telephone line and their fiber to the building building s fiber .... The theoretical bandwidth right now is 100 100  Mbit s synchronous line downstream upstream, but is limited ... councils in the area Sheffield, Rotherham, Doncaster and Barnsley collectively known as Digital Region ... in Canberra is TransACT , who use VDSL for Digital TV, Internet and WAN applications over their FTTC ... internet.htm VDSL van KPN http www.ripwire.co.uk digital region RiPWiRE http www.digitalregionbroadband.co.uk ...   more details



  1. Very high speed digital subscriber line 2

    to augment its current Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2 Plus ADSL2 capabilities over time ...DSL technologies Very high speed digital subscriber line 2 VDSL2 is an access technology that exploits the existing infrastructure of copper wires that were originally deployed for plain old telephone service traditional telephone service . It can be deployed from central offices, from Fiber optic communication fiber optic connected Enclosure electrical cabinets located near the customer premises, or within ... and most advanced standard of digital subscriber line DSL broadband wireline communications. Designed ... Speed Digital Subscriber Line Broadband Internet access DOCSIS Fiber to the x Passive optical network ... Services Testing DSL DEFAULTSORT Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2 Category ITU T recommendations G.993.2 Category Digital subscriber line de Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line VDSL2 et VDSL2 el Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2 es VDSL2 fr VDSL2 it VDSL2 mk VDSL2 nl VDSL2 pl Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2 pt VDSL2 ru VDSL2 sk Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line ... through 2011. ref name spec Cite web title ITU T Recommendation G.993.2 Very high speed digital subscriber line transceivers 2 VDSL2 url http www.itu.int rec T REC G.993.2 en accessdate 22 September 2011 ref VDSL2 is an enhancement to very high bitrate digital subscriber line VDSL , Recommendation G.993.1. It permits the transmission of asymmetric and symmetric aggregate data rates up to 200 ... free broadband via a VDSL2 line to a roadside cabinet. The cabinets will be linked to Virgin ... s involvement under their own brand on 1 October 2010. Digital Region Ltd , an EU government backed ... services for business users and consumers across South Yorkshire. Origin Broadband joined the Digital ..., up to 40Mbit broadband, to residential customers on the Digital Region network. On April 18 2012 ... services, internet television and a phone line for 50 to 60 a month. ref name NZ Herald 10419276 cite ...   more details



  1. Digital Subscriber System No. 2

    Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Digital Subscriber Signalling System No.  2 DSS2 , as the successor to DSS1 , is also a digital signalling protocol D channel protocol used for the Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network B ISDN . Category Integrated Services Digital Network Telecomm stub de Digital Subscriber System No. 2 ...   more details



  1. Digital Subscriber System No. 1

    Unreferenced date December 2009 Digital Subscriber Signalling System No.  1 DSS1 , also known as Euro ISDN or E DSS1 European DSS1 , is a digital signalling protocol D channel protocol used for the Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN . The interface is also called NET3 for Basic rate interface BRI and NET5 for Primary rate interface PRI lines. Can also be called CTR4 . It is defined by ITU T I.411 ETS 300 102 . It supports Bearer Capability, Low Level Compatibility and High Level Compatibility, ANI, DNIS and redirected number signaling in both directions. DSS1 is a pan Europe an standard developed by ETSI . In 1989 , 26 network operators from 20 European countries decided to develop this standard to replace earlier national protocols such as FTZ 1 TR 6 or VN3 . DSS1 has been one of the keys to the success of the Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN within European countries as compared to, for example, the United States U.S. . Non European countries using DSS1 include Australia , Brazil , Iran , India , Israel , New Zealand , Pakistan , Peru , Singapore , South Africa , Sri Lanka , Taiwan , Palestine and the United Arab Emirates . The DSS1 protocol knows four different codesets for information elements. Codeset 0 regards to Q.931 , Codeset 5 to the ETSI standard, Codeset 6 for national applications and Codeset 7 for PBX applications. The most common Codeset is 0 Q.931. Category Integrated Services Digital Network de Digital Subscriber System No. 1 ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric

    wikt Something which is asymmetric displays asymmetry . Specific uses of the term may include Asymmetric relation for information on such relations in mathematics and set theory Asymmetric warfare for information and theories of modern war Asymmetric synthesis in organic synthesis Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADSL broadband internet connectivity Public key cryptography for information on asymmetric cryptography disambig ...   more details



  1. Digital delay line

    A digital delay line is a discrete element in digital filter theory, which allows a signal to be delayed by a number of samples. If the delay is an integer multiple of samples digital delay lines are often implemented as circular buffer s. This means that integer delays can be computed very efficiently. The delay by one sample is notated math mathrm z 1 math and delays of math N math samples is notated as math mathrm z N math motivated by the role the z transform plays in describing digital filter structures. If a delay is not an integer of a sample additional filters are applied to account for the fraction of delay different from an integer. Hence delay lines with non integer delay are called fractional delay lines . ref Citation last Laakso first Timo I. author link last2 V lim ki first2 Vesa author2 link last3 Karjalainen first3 Matti last4 Laine first4 Unto K. publication date January 1996 date January 1996 title Splitting the unit delay tools for fractional delay filter design periodical IEEE Signal Processing Magazine edition volume 13 issue 1 pages 30 60 publication place place publisher id isbn doi 10.1109 79.482137 oclc url accessdate 2007 08 22 ref Digital delay lines are widely used building blocks in methods to simulate room acoustics , musical instruments and digital audio effects . ref Citation last Smith first Julius O. author link last2 Lee first2 Nelson author2 link publication date August 12 2007 date August 2007 title Computational Acoustic Modeling with Digital Delay url http ccrma.stanford.edu realsimple Delay Delay lines.html accessdate 2007 08 21 ref Digital waveguide synthesis shows how digital delay lines can be used as sound synthesis methods for various musical instruments such as string instruments and wind instruments . Sources reflist Category Digital signal processing electronics stub es L nea de retardo digital ru ...   more details



  1. Digital line graph

    File USGS logo.png thumb USGS Logo A Digital Line Graph DLG is a Cartography cartographic map feature represented in digital Vector graphics vector form that is distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey USGS . DLGs are collected from USGS maps and are distributed in large , intermediate and small scale with up to nine different categories of features, depending on the scale. They come in optional and Spatial Data Transfer Standard SDTS format and are topological structure topologically structured for use in mapping and geographic information system GIS applications Description File Susq sub.png thumb Map produced with DLG data DLGs are normally derived from USGS maps or USGS map related sources. DLGs are distributed at three different scales large scale, which normally correspond to the USGS 7.5 by 7.5 minute, 1 24,000 and 1 25,000 scale topographic quadrangle map series, 1 63,360 scale for Alaska and 1 30,000 scale for Puerto Rico intermediate scale, which are derived from the USGS 30 by 60 minute, 1 100,000 scale map series and small scale, which are derived from the USGS 1 2,000,000 scale sectional maps of the National Atlas of the United States . Large scale DLGs are usually cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system UTM , but are sometimes cast on the State Plane rectangular coordinate system. Intermediate scale DLGs are sold in 30 by 30 minute sections that correspond to the east or west half of the 100K quadrangle map, and each of the 30 minute sections is distributed in four 15 by 15 minute cells and is cast on the UTM coordinate system. Small scale ... factsheets fs07896t.pdf USGS Fact Sheet, Digital Line Graphs ref Sources references External links http eros.usgs.gov Find Data Products and Data Available DLGs USGS Digital Line Graphs http eros.usgs.gov ..., are available in DLGs Public Land Survey System PLSS , Boundary line Boundaries BD , Transportation ..., the UTM ground coordinate system, and topological topology linkages contained in line, node and area ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric norm

    In mathematics , an asymmetric norm on a vector space is a generalization of the concept of a norm mathematics norm . Definition Let X be a real number real vector space. Then an asymmetric norm on X is a function mathematics function p     X     R satisfying the following properties non negativity for all x     X , p x     0 Positive definite function definiteness for x     X , x     0 if and only if p x     p &minus x     0 homogeneous function homogeneity for all x     X and all &lambda     0, p &lambda x     &lambda p x the triangle inequality for all x ,  y     X , p x     y     p x     p y . Examples On the real line R , the function p given by math p x begin cases x , & x leq 0 2 x , & x geq 0 end cases math is an asymmetric norm but not a norm. More generally, given a strictly positive function g     S sup n &minus 1 sup     R defined on the unit sphere S sup n &minus 1 sup in R sup n sup with respect to the usual Euclidean norm , say , the function p given by math p x g x x x , math is an asymmetric norm on R sup n sup but not necessarily a norm. References cite journal last Cobza first S. title Compact operators on spaces with asymmetric norm journal Stud. Univ. Babe Bolyai Math. volume 51 year 2006 issue 4 pages 69&ndash 87 issn 0252 1938 mr 2314639 Category Linear algebra Category Norms mathematics Linear algebra stub ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric multiprocessing

    Asymmetric multiprocessing , or AMP, was a software stopgap for handling multiple CPUs before symmetric multiprocessing , or SMP, was available. Image Asmp 2.gif 250px thumb right Asymmetric multiprocessing Multiprocessing is the use of more than one CPU in a computer system. The CPU is the arithmetic and logic engine that executes user applications an I O interface such as a GPU , even if it is implemented using an embedded processor, does not constitute a CPU because it does not run the user s application program. With multiple CPUs, more than one set of program instructions can be executed at the same time. All of the CPUs have the same user mode instruction set, so a running job can be rescheduled from one CPU to another. ref http www.bitsavers.org pdf dec pdp11 1174 Introduction To Multiprocessing Jun79.pdf Introduction to Multiprocessing distinguishes symmetric from master slave ref Background and history For the room size computers of the 1960s and 1970s, a cost effective way to increase compute power was to add a second CPU. Since these computers were already close to the fastest ... 1.4 DECsystem 10 Multiprocessing ref Digital Equipment Corporation offered a dual processor version ... Summary page 2 1 ref This offering was extended to later processors in the PDP 10 line. DEC ... 24 the VAX 11 782 is described as an asymmetric multiprocessing system in 1982 ref ref http www.bitsavers.org ... from the surviving documentation where that operating system was on the path from asymmetric to symmetric ... multiprocessors. Details are scarce, but it appears that Multics would today be called an asymmetric ... View of Hardware Systems Design . Digital Equipment Corp. Rajkumar Buyya editor High Performance ... Linux and Multiprocessing http www.cs.biu.ac.il wiseman pdccs2008.pdf ASOSI Asymmetric Operating ... Systems, PDCCS 2008 , New Orleans, Louisiana, pp. 193 198, 2008 Parallel Computing DEFAULTSORT Asymmetric ... ar de Asymmetrisches Multiprozessorsystem fr Asymmetric multiprocessing ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric board

    In abstract board game s, an asymmetric board is one in which the game board does not have reflectional symmetry . Category Board games ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric cut

    Unreferenced date December 2009 An asymmetric cut is a haircut in which the hair is cut in such a way that the hair does not have left right symmetry and one side is cut or appears to be longer than the other. Talk show host Rosie O Donnell famously adopted a short and somewhat severe version of the asymmetric cut in 2002 after she came out of the closet . Other celebrities who have sported asymmetric hairstyles include singers Cyndi Lauper , Jordan McCoy and Phil Oakey and Davey Havok of AFI band AFI . Reality television star Kate Gosselin became well known for her asymmetrical cut, which she has since changed. See also Asymmetric clothing Human hair footer DEFAULTSORT Asymmetric Cut Category Hairstyles ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric carbon

    An asymmetric carbon atom is a carbon atom that is attached to four different types of atom or four different groups of atoms. ref Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds Ernest L. Eliel, Samuel H. Wilen ref ref IUPAC definition http goldbook.iupac.org A00479.html ref Knowing the number of asymmetric carbon atoms, one can calculate the maximum possible number of stereoisomers for any given molecule as follows If n is the number of asymmetric carbon atoms then the maximum number of isomers 2 sup n sup As an example, malic acid has 4 carbon atoms but just one of them is asymmetric File Malic acid2.png 200px example of an asymmetric carbon A tetrose with 2 asymmetric carbon atoms has 2 sup 2 sup 4 stereoisomers File Tetrose.svg 200px 4 asymmetric carbon atoms in an aldohexose An aldopentose with 3 asymmetric carbon atoms has 2 sup 3 sup 8 stereoisomers File Aldopentose.svg 200px 4 asymmetric carbon atoms in an aldohexose An aldohexose with 4 asymmetric carbon atoms has 2 sup 4 sup 16 stereoisomers File Aldolhexose.svg 250px 4 asymmetric carbon atoms in an aldohexose The four groups of atoms attached to the carbon atom can be arranged in space in two different ways that are mirror images of each other, and which lead to so called left handed and right handed lort versions of the same molecule. Molecules that cannot be superimposed on their own mirror image are said to be Chirality chemistry chiral . References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Asymmetric Carbon Category Stereochemistry de Asymmetrisches Kohlenstoffatom es Carbono asim trico fr Carbone asym trique gl Carbono asim trico nl Asymmetrisch koolstofatoom ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric graph

    Image Asym graph.PNG thumb 250px The eight 6 vertex asymmetric graphs File Frucht graph.dot.svg thumb The Frucht graph , the smallest asymmetric cubic graph . Graph families defined by their automorphisms In graph theory , a branch of mathematics, an undirected graph is called an asymmetric graph if it has no nontrivial symmetries. Formally, an graph automorphism automorphism of a graph is a permutation p of its vertices with the property that any two vertices u and v are adjacent if and only if p u and p v are adjacent. The identity mapping of a graph onto itself is always an automorphism, and is called the trivial automorphism of the graph. An asymmetric graph is a graph for which there are no other automorphisms. Examples The smallest asymmetric non trivial graph s have 6 vertices. ref name er63 The smallest asymmetric regular graph s have ten vertices there exist ten vertex asymmetric graphs that are 4 regular and 5 regular. ref citation last1 Baron first1 G. last2 Imrich first2 W. doi 10.1007 BF01894574 mr 0238726 journal Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae pages 135 ... Federico Santa Maria. Scientia pages 103 111 title The minimal number of points for regular asymmetric graphs volume 138 year 1969 . ref One of the two smallest asymmetric cubic graphs is the twelve ... many asymmetric cubic graphs. Properties The class of asymmetric graphs is closed under complement graph complements a graph G is asymmetric if and only if its complement is. ref name er63 Any n vertex asymmetric graph can be made symmetric by adding and removing a total of at most ... graphs are asymmetric . In contrast, again informally, almost all infinite graphs are symmetric ... link Paul Erd s first2 A. last2 R nyi author2 link Alfr d R nyi title Asymmetric graphs journal ... www.math inst.hu p erdos 1963 04.pdf . ref Trees The smallest asymmetric tree graph theory tree has ... citation first Louis V. last Quintas title Extrema concerning asymmetric graphs journal Journal of Combinatorial ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric relation

    Unreferenced date December 2009 Asymmetry Asymmetric often Citation needed date February 2012 means, simply not symmetric. In this sense an asymmetric relation is a binary relation which is not a symmetric relation . That is, math lnot forall a, b in X, a R b Rightarrow b R a math . or equivalently, math exists a, b in X, a R b land lnot b R a math . In some texts Citation needed date February 2012 the word is given the following stronger definition For all a and b in X , if a is related to b , then b is not related to a . In mathematical notation, this is math forall a, b in X, a R b Rightarrow lnot b R a math . In this sense, a relation is asymmetric if and only if it is both antisymmetric relation antisymmetric and reflexive relation irreflexive . For a transitive relation , asymmetry is equivalent to irreflexivity. For nonempty relations, asymmetry in the second definition given here implies asymmetry in the first sense, but the reverse does not hold. Empty relations are, vacuous truth vacuously , both asymmetric in the second sense only and symmetric. See also Symmetry in mathematics Symmetry Antisymmetric relation DEFAULTSORT Asymmetric Relation Category Mathematical relations de Asymmetrische Relation eo Kontra simetria rilato ja pl Relacja przeciwsymetryczna sk Asymetrick rel cia uk zh ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric Publications

    Asymmetric Publications is a video game developer and video game publisher publisher . It is responsible for the popular browser game web based role playing game Kingdom of Loathing . Currently Asymmetric is run by Zack Johnson and Josh Nite who are known as Jick and Mr. Skullhead, respectively, in the game . Employees of the company are known as the Asymmetric Team. As a result of the popularity of the game, Asymmetric currently supports Johnson, Nite, and five other individuals as full time employees. ref cite web url http www.comicsbulletin.com pb 117648256288713.htm title An Adventurer Is You The Zack Johnson Kingdom of Loathing Interview author Park Cooper publisher Comic Bulletin archiveurl http www.webcitation.org 5w9mdX3vS archivedate 31 January 2011 ref In the past, Asymmetric Publications hosted various games and other attractions, including Infinity Plus One , an online Fortune telling fortune teller Bee On Drugs , a bee who talks about the most random things imaginable and Krakrox the Barbarian , a game widely noted as the precursor to the popular Kingdom of Loathing . A running gag was that the Asymmetric Publications website was not updated for almost six years after the announcement of a fun new game, Kingdom of Loathing . In late 2008, it started to be updated again. It has been announced that a new game, tentatively entitled Word Realms , is in development. Although a release date has not been given, the game was premiered at DragonCon 2010. ref http www.vimeo.com 14771775 ref References reflist External links http www.asymmetric.net Asymmetric.net http twitter.com asym Asymmetric s Twitter feed http www.asymmetric.net krakrox Krakrox the Barbarian http www.kingdomofloathing.com Kingdom of Loathing Homepage videogame company stub Category Video game developers Category Video game publishers ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric Follow

    Asymmetric Follow is a core pattern for Web 2.0 , in which a social network user can have many people following them without a need for reciprocity. Asymmetric Follow is unlike email for example, which tends to be within small groups, with all users knowing each other newsletters are a clear exception here . ref name monkchips cite web url http www.redmonk.com jgovernor 2008 12 05 assymetrical follow a core web 20 pattern title Asymmetrical Follow A Core Web 2.0 Pattern author James Governor date 2008 12 05 accessdate 2010 11 21 publisher redmonk.com ref It is also known as Asynchronous Follow ref name insidefacebook cite web url http www.insidefacebook.com 2010 09 03 facebook tests new subscribe to option for friends and pages title Facebook Tests New Subscribe To Option for Friends and Pages author Eric Eldon date 2010 09 03 accessdate 2010 11 21 publisher ref or sometimes Asymmetric friendship . ref name mashable cite web url http mashable.com 2010 09 01 itunes ping title iTunes 10 and Ping Are Here, Bringing Mixed First Impressions author Jolie O Dell date 2009 05 10 accessdate 2010 11 21 publisher Mashable ref An implementation of asymmetric follow can be seen in the use of Twitter ref name oreilly cite web url http radar.oreilly.com 2009 05 goodreads vs twitter asymmetric follow.html title Goodreads vs Twitter The Benefits of Asymmetric Follow author Tim O Reilly date 2009 05 10 accessdate 2010 11 21 publisher ref When you see a social network where someone has 5000 followers and only follows 150 back that s Asymmetric Follow. ref name monkchips In September 2010 Facebook started experimenting with a similar feature, which Facebook calls Subscribe To. ref name insidefacebook ref name techcrunch cite web url http techcrunch.com 2010 09 03 facebook project dance party title Project Dance Party Facebook s Secret Twitter Like Follow Feature author MG Siegler date 2010 09 03 accessdate 2010 11 21 publisher TechCrunch ref References Reflist Category Real time web Category ...   more details



  1. Asymmetric bacterium

    Asymmetric bacteria are bacteria that, as their name implies, undergo non symmetrical life cycles. This especially includes those that cellular differentiation differentiate temporally, such as prosthecate bacteria . ref name Brock cite book author Madigan, Michael T., Martinko, John M. title Brock Biology of Microorganisms edition 11th ed. publisher Pearson Prentice Hall year 2006 isbn 0 13 196893 9 ref References references Category Bacteria bacteria stub ...   more details




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