Aureolin sometimes called Cobalt Yellow is a pigment used in oil and watercolor painting. Its color index name is PY40 40th entry on list of yellow pigments . It was first made in 1848 by N. W. Fischer in Breslau ref cite journal doi 10.1002 andp.18491500512 title Ueber die salpetrichtsauren Salze year 1848 last1 Fischer first1 N. W. journal Annalen der Physik und Chemie volume 150 issue 5 pages 115 125 bibcode 1848AnP...150..115F ref and its chemical composition is potassium cobaltinitrite . ref name Gates cite journal jstor 1506479 pages 201 206 last1 Gates first1 G. title A Note on the Artists Pigment Aureolin volume 40 issue 3 journal Studies in Conservation year 1995 doi 10.2307 1506479 ref ref name Getts cite book url http books.google.de books?id bdQVgKWl3f4C&pg PA109 title Painting materials A short encyclopaedia isbn 9780486215976 author1 Gettens, Rutherford John author2 Stout, George Leslie year 1966 pages 109 110 ref Aureolin is rated as permanent in oils but darkens and fades easily in watercolors. It is a transparent, lightly staining, light valued, intense medium yellow pigment. It is a rather expensive pigment and sold by several manufacturers of oil paints such as Grumbacher , Michael Harding, and Holbein. However, the pigment was never popular as an oil color and is much more widely available as a watercolor from manufacturers such as Winsor & Newton , Talens Rembrandt, Rowney Artists, Sennelier , Art Spectrum and Daniel Smith. ref name Gates ref name Getts References Reflist See also List of colors Category Pigments Category Inorganic pigments Category Shades of yellow Shades of yellow Color stub de Cobaltgelb es Aureolin fr Jaune de cobalt ... more details
as a yellow pigment called Aureolin . ref name Gates cite journal jstor 1506479 pages 201 206 last1 Gates first1 G. title A Note on the Artists Pigment Aureolin volume 40 issue 3 journal Studies ... more details
The following is a list of inorganic pigments of natural and synthetic origin, which are distinct from dyes , only dyes which are derived directly from inorganic pigments are mentioned Purple Pigments Copper pigments Han Purple BaCuSi sub 2 sub O sub 6 sub . Blue Pigments Aluminum pigments Ultramarine PB29 a complex naturally occurring pigment of sulfur containing sodium sodio silicate Na sub 8 10 sub Al sub 6 sub Si sub 6 sub O sub 24 sub S sub 2 4 sub Cobalt pigments Cobalt Blue PB28 and Cerulean Blue PB35 cobalt II stannate Copper pigments Egyptian Blue a synthetic pigment of calcium copper silicate CaCuSi sub 4 sub O sub 10 sub . Thought to be the first synthetically produced pigment. Han Blue BaCuSi sub 4 sub O sub 10 sub Iron pigments Prussian Blue PB27 a synthetic pigment of ferric hexacyanoferrate Fe sub 7 sub CN sub 18 sub . The dye Marking blue is made by mixing Prussian Blue and alcohol. Green Pigments Cadmium pigments cadmium pigments Cadmium Green Viridian PG18 a dark green pigment of hydrated chromium III oxide Cr sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub Cadmium Green a light green pigment consisting of a mixture of Cromium Yellow CrS and Viridian Cr sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub Chromium pigments Chrome Green PG17 Copper pigments Paris Green copper II acetoarsenite Cu C sub 2 sub H sub 3 sub O sub 2 sub sub 2 sub 3Cu AsO sub 2 sub sub 2 sub Scheele s Green also called Schloss Green copper arsenite CuHAsO sub 3 sub Yellow Pigments Arsenic pigments Orpiment natural monoclinic arsenic sulfide As sub 2 sub S sub 3 sub , Cadmium pigments Cadmium Yellow PY37 cadmium sulfide CdS Chromium pigments Chrome Yellow PY34 natural pigment of lead II chromate PbCrO sub 4 sub . Cobalt pigments Aureolin also called Cobalt Yellow PY40 Potassium cobaltinitrite Na sub 3 sub Co NO sub 2 sub sub 6 sub . Iron Pigments Yellow Ochre PY43 a naturally occurring clay of hydrated iron oxide Fe sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub .H sub 2 sub O Lead pigments Naples Yellow PY41 Titanium pigments Titanium Yellow PY53 Tin Pi ... more details
pp protected expiry 2012 09 09T21 50 03Z small yes good article pp move indef Infobox potassium Potassium IPAc en icon p t s i m respell po TAS ee m is the chemical element with the symbol K from Neo Latin kalium and atomic number 19. Elemental potassium is a soft silvery white alkali metal that redox oxidizes rapidly in Earth s atmosphere air and is very reactive with water , generating sufficient heat to ignite the hydrogen emitted in the reaction. Because potassium and sodium are chemical ly very similar, it took a long time before their Salt chemistry salts were differentiated. The existence of multiple elements in their salts was suspected from 1702, ref name 1702Suspect and this was proven in 1807 when potassium and sodium were individually isolated from different salts by electrolysis . Potassium in nature occurs only in ionic salts. As such, it is found dissolved in seawater which is 0.04 potassium by weight ref name seawaterconcentation cite journal journal The Journal of Experimental Biology url http jeb.biologists.org content 16 2 178.full.pdf title The Sodium and Potassium Content of Sea Water first D. A. last Webb page 183 year 1939 month April ref ref cite web url http www.seafriends.org.nz oceano seawater.htm title Detailed composition of seawater at 3.5 salinity first J. last Anthoni work seafriends.org.nz year 2006 accessdate 23 September 2011 ref , and is part of many mineral s. Most industrial chemical applications of potassium employ the relatively high solubility in water of potassium compounds, such as potassium soap s. Potassium metal has only a few special applications, being replaced in most chemical reactions with sodium metal. Potassium ions are necessary for the function of all living cells. Potassium ion diffusion is a key mechanism in nerve transmission, and potassium depletion in animals, including humans, results in various cardiac dysfunctions. Potassium is found in especially high concentrations within plant cells, and in a ... more details
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