chemspider StdInChIKey NMUSYJAQQFHJEW KVTDHHQDSA N synonyms 5 azacytidine Azacitidine International ... chemistry analogue of cytidine , a nucleoside present in DNA and RNA . Azacitidine and its deoxy ... 000224981 ref Azacitidine has also been used as an experimental treatment in clinical trials involving ... have failed. Uses Azacitidine is mainly used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome MDS ... azacitidine to supportive treatment of MDS, around 16 of people receiving the drug had a complete ... receiving azacitidine. ref cite journal author Kaminskas E, Farrell AT, Wang Y C, Sridhara R, Pazdur R title FDA Drug Approval Summary Azacitidine 5 azacytidine, Vidaza for Injectable Suspension ..., Wallingford, UK, ISBN 0851999107. ref Mechanism of action Azacitidine 5 azacytidine is a chemical analogue of the cytosine nucleoside used in DNA and RNA. Azacitidine is thought to induce antineoplastic ... incorporation into DNA and RNA at high doses, resulting in cell death. As azacitidine is a ribonucleoside ... , the phenomenon that azacitidine is known to interfere with References references External links http www.virtualcancercentre.com drugs.asp?drugid 3170 Vidaza Azacitidine Virtual Cancer Centre ... more details
Demethylating agents are Chemical compound compound s that can inhibit methylation , resulting in the expression of the previously hypermethylated silenced genes see methylation methylation and cancer for more detail . Cytidine analogs such as 5 azacytidine azacitidine and 5 azadeoxycytidine decitabine are the most commonly used demethylating agents . These compounds work by binding to the enzymes that catalyse the methylation reaction, DNA methyltransferase s and titrate out these enzymes ref cite journal author Holliday, R. and Ho, T. title DNA methylation and epigenetic inheritance journal Methods volume 27 issue 2 pages 179 83 year 2002 pmid 12095278 doi 10.1016 S1046 2023 02 00072 5 ref . Both compounds have been approved in the treatment of Myelodysplastic syndrome MDS by Food and Drug Administration FDA in United States. Azacitidine and decitabine are marketed as Vidaza and Dacogen respectively. Azacitidine is the first drug to be approved by FDA for treating MDS and has been given orphan drug status ref cite journal author Issa, J. P., Kantarjian, H. M. and Kirkpatrick, P. title Azacitidine journal Nat Rev Drug Discov volume 4 issue 4 pages 275 6 year 2005 pmid 15861567 doi 10.1038 nrd1726 ref ref cite journal author Gore, S. D., Jones, C. and Kirkpatrick, P. title Decitabine journal Nat Rev Drug Discov volume 5 issue 11 pages 891 2 year 2006 pmid 17117522 doi 10.1038 nrd2180 ref . Procaine is a DNA demethylating agent with growth inhibitory effects in human cancer cells. ref cite journal author Villar Garea A, Fraga MF, Espada J, Esteller M. title Procaine is a DNA demethylating agent with growth inhibitory effects in human cancer cells journal Cancer Research volume 63 issue 16 pages 4984 9 year 2003 pmid 12941824 url http cancerres.aacrjournals.org cgi reprint 63 16 4984.pdf ref References reflist 1 DEFAULTSORT Demethylating Agent Category Biochemistry ... more details
This is a list of specific Wiktionary pharmacological agent pharmacologic agents that are known to be of use in the treatment of cancer , otherwise known as Wiktionary chemotherapeutic agent chemotherapeutic agents . This list is organized by type of agent, though the subsections are not necessarily definitive and are subject to revision. Each drug is listed once at present , though it might fall in more than one subsection. A full alphabetical listing is included after the categorical listing. Expand list date August 2008 Alkylating agents Cyclophosphamide Mechlorethamine Chlorambucil Melphalan Anthracyclines article on anthracycline s Daunorubicin Doxorubicin Epirubicin Idarubicin Mitoxantrone Valrubicin Cytoskeletal disruptors Taxanes Paclitaxel Docetaxel Epothilones article on epothilone s Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Vorinostat Romidepsin Inhibitors of Topoisomerase II Etoposide Teniposide Tafluposide Kinase Inhibitors Bortezomib Erlotinib Gefitinib Imatinib Vismodegib Monoclonal Antibodies Bevacizumab Cetuximab Ipilimumab Ofatumumab Ocrelizumab Panitumab Rituximab Vemurafenib Nucleotide analogs and precursor analogs Azacitidine Azathioprine Capecitabine Cytarabine Doxifluridine Fluorouracil Gemcitabine Hydroxyurea Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Tioguanine formerly Thioguanine Peptide antibiotics Bleomycin Actinomycin Platinum based agents Carboplatin Cisplatin Oxaliplatin Retinoids Tretinoin Alitretinoin Bexarotene Vinca alkaloids and derivatives Vinblastine Vincristine Vindesine Vinorelbine Full alphabetical listing Actinomycin All trans retinoic acid Azacitidine Azathioprine Bleomycin Bortezomib Carboplatin Capecitabine Cisplatin Chlorambucil Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Daunorubicin Docetaxel Doxifluridine Doxorubicin Epirubicin Epothilone Etoposide Fluorouracil Gemcitabine Hydroxyurea Idarubicin Imatinib Mechlorethamine Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Mitoxantrone Oxaliplatin Paclitaxel Pemetrexed Teniposide Tioguanine Valrubicin Vinblastine Vincristine Vindesin ... more details
A hypomethylating agent is a drug that inhibits DNA methylation . The term demethylating agent is also used. ref name pmid18841054 cite journal author Garcia Manero G title Demethylating agents in myeloid malignancies journal Curr Opin Oncol volume 20 issue 6 pages 705 10 year 2008 month November pmid 18841054 doi 10.1097 CCO.0b013e328313699c url http meta.wkhealth.com pt pt core template journal lwwgateway media landingpage.htm?an 00001622 200811000 00016 ref They are undergoing investigation for use in the treatment of tumor s. ref name pmid19096014 cite journal author Hambach L, Ling KW, Pool J, et al. title Hypomethylating drugs convert HA 1 negative solid tumors into targets for stem cell based immunotherapy journal Blood volume 113 issue 12 pages 2715 22 year 2008 month December pmid 19096014 doi 10.1182 blood 2008 05 158956 url http www.bloodjournal.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 19096014 ref Examples include decitabine ref name pmid17219444 cite journal author Aribi A, Borthakur G, Ravandi F, et al. title Activity of decitabine, a hypomethylating agent, in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia journal Cancer volume 109 issue 4 pages 713 7 year 2007 month February pmid 17219444 doi 10.1002 cncr.22457 ref ref name pmid19151791 cite journal author De Padua Silva L, de Lima M, Kantarjian H, et al. title Feasibility of allo SCT after hypomethylating therapy with decitabine for myelodysplastic syndrome journal Bone Marrow Transplant. volume 43 issue 11 pages 839 43 year 2009 month January pmid 19151791 doi 10.1038 bmt.2008.400 ref azacitidine ref name pmid18548103 cite journal author Garcia Manero G, Stoltz ML, Ward MR, Kantarjian H, Sharma S title A pilot pharmacokinetic study of oral azacitidine journal Leukemia volume 22 issue 9 pages 1680 4 year 2008 month September pmid 18548103 doi 10.1038 leu.2008.145 ref See also DNA methyltransferase References reflist 2 Intracellular chemotherapeutic agents Category Antineoplastic drugs antineoplastic drug stub ... more details
. It functions in a similar manner to azacitidine , although decitabine can only be incorporated into DNA strands while azacitidine can be incorporated into both DNA and RNA chains. Clinical ... more details
Substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances in this list have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC as Group 2A The agent mixture is probably carcinogen ic to human s. The exposure circumstance entails Toxicity exposure s that are probably carcinogenic to humans. This category is used when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. In some cases, an agent mixture may be classified in this category when there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence that the carcinogenesis is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans. Exceptionally, an agent, mixture or exposure circumstance may be classified in this category solely on the basis of limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Further details can be found in the http monographs.iarc.fr ENG Classification crthgr02a.php IARC Monographs . Agents and groups of agents Acrylamide Adriamycin Anabolic steroid Androgenic anabolic steroids Azacitidine Benz a anthracene Benz a anthracene BCNU Bischloroethyl nitrosourea Captafol Chloramphenicol Chlorinated toluenes benzal chloride , benzotrichloride , benzyl chloride and benzoyl chloride combined exposures Lomustine CCNU 1 2 Chloroethyl 3 cyclohexyl 1 nitrosourea 4 Chloro ortho toluidine Chlorozotocin Cisplatin Cyclopenta cd pyrene Clonorchis sinensis infection with Dibenzanthracene Dibenz a,h anthracene Dibenzo a,l pyrene Diethyl sulfate Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine Dimethyl sulfate Epichlorohydrin Ethylene dibromide Ethyl carbamate urethane N Ethyl N nitrosourea Etoposide Glycidol Indium phosphide 2 Amino 3 methylimidazo 4,5 f quinoline IQ Inorganic compounds by element Lead .28Plumbum.29 Lead compounds , inorganic Rhadinovirus Kaposi s sarcoma herpesvirus human herpesvirus 8 5 Methoxypsoralen Methyl methanesulfonate MNNG N Methyl ... more details
journal author Silverman LR, Demakos EP, Peterson BL, et al. title Randomized controlled trial of azacitidine .... title Further analysis of trials with azacitidine in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome studies ... more details
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