About typography other uses Baseline disambiguation Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File Typography Line Terms.svg right 410px In European and West Asian typography and penmanship , the baseline is the line upon which most letters sit and below which descender s extend. In the example to the right, the letter p has a descender the other letters sit on the red baseline. Most, though not all, typeface s are similar in the following ways as regards the baseline Majuscule capital letters sit on the baseline. The most common exceptions are the J and Q. Lining figures see Arabic numerals sit on the baseline. The following text figures have descenders 3 4 5 7 9. The following Lower case lowercase letters have descenders g j p q y. Glyphs with rounded lower and upper extents 0 3 6 8 c C G J o O Q dip very slightly below the baseline overshoot to create the optical illusion that they sit on the baseline, and rise above the x height or capital height to create the illusion that they have the same height as flat glyphs such as those for H x X 1 5 7 . Peter Karow s Digital Typefaces suggests that typical overshoot is about 1.5 . The vertical distance of the base lines of consecutive lines in a paragraph is also known as line height or leading , although the latter can also refer to the baseline distance minus the font size. North Indian scripts have a characteristic hanging baseline the letters are aligned to the top of the writing line, marked by an overbar, with diacritics extending above the baseline. East Asian scripts have no baseline each glyph sits in a square box, with neither ascenders nor descenders. When mixed with scripts with a low baseline, East Asian characters should be set so that the bottom of the character is between the baseline and the descender height. See also Overshoot typography Overshoot Typography terms DEFAULTSORT BaselineTypography Category Typography Category Penmanship Category Article Feedback 5 Typ stub de Schriftlinie es L nea de ... more details
wiktionary baseline baselines A baseline is a line that is a base for measurement or for construction see Data datum calculations or comparisons or reference point point of reference engineering or science . The word baseline may refer to baseline configuration management , the process of managing change baseline pharmacology , describes a person s state of mind or being with the absence of drugs baseline sea , the starting point for delimiting a coastal state s maritime zones Baselines of the Chinese territorial sea Baselines of Indonesia baseline surveying , the principal east west line that divides survey townships between north and south baselinetypography , the line upon which most letters sit and below which descenders extend baseline budgeting , an estimate of budget expected during a fiscal year Baseline medicine , information found at the beginning of a study The isoelectric line of an electrocardiogram The name Baseline may refer to Baseline magazine Baseline magazine , a magazine devoted to typography, book arts, graphic design Baseline database , a TV and movie industry database Baseline Road Colorado , a major east west artery in Boulder, Colorado Baseline Road Ottawa , a major east west artery in Ottawa, Ontario Baseline Road Arizona , a major east west artery in Phoenix, Arizona Baseline Station OC Transpo , a transitway station in Ottawa Base Line, Arkansas Baseline Nunataks Baseline Rock It may also refer to the Baseline baseball base line in baseball the back line on a tennis court , and also a style of play in tennis see tennis strategy the end line on a basketball court a bassline in music a shifting baseline in statistics the length of an astronomical interferometer Baseline Killer , one of the two simultaneously occurring serial killer cases which terrorized the Phoenix metro area, between August 2005 and June 2006 See also Baseline Road disambiguation in title Lookfrom disambiguation de Baseline es L nea de base fr Ligne de base homonymie vi ng ... more details
File Typography Line Terms.svg thumb 400px Overshoot is the degree that capital letters go below the baseline or above the cap height, and lowercase letters go below the baseline or above the mean line. In type design typeface design , the overshoot of a round or pointed letter like O or A is the degree to which it extends higher or lower than a comparably sized flat letter like X or H , to achieve an optical effect of being the same size. Formally, it is the degree to which capital letters go below the Baselinetypographybaseline or above the cap height , or to which a lowercase letter goes below the baseline or above the x height . For example, the highest and lowest extent of the capital O will typically exceed those of the capital X . Although the extent of overshoot varies depending on the design and the designer, perhaps 1 to 3 of the cap or x height is typical for O . Peter Karow s Digital Formats for Typefaces recommends 3 for O and 5 for A . ref http pfaedit.sourceforge.net glossary.html overshoot Typographical glossary Overshoot ref ref Peter Karow s Digital Formats for Typefaces, p. 26 ref Similar design Similar subtle adjustments to create an even appearance occur in other fields. For example, in the Go game game of go , the Go game Stones stones , which are black and white, are of slightly different sizes black slightly larger , to give the appearance of being the same size. References reflist Category TypographyTypography terms typ stub ... more details
Baseline magazine is a magazine devoted to typography , book arts and graphic design . History Since Baseline 19 , which appeared in 1995, Baseline has been published by Bradbourne Publishing, co edited ... web url http www.typevents.com index.php?id 114,0,0,1,0,0 title baseline h i s t o r y accessdate 2010 ... that first appeared in 1979. Early editors included Mike Daines Baselines 1 3 , Tony Bisley Baseline 4 , Geoffrey Lawrence Baseline 5 and Erik Spiekermann Baselines 6, 7 . The first full color Baseline appeared as issue 8. Baseline 10 expanded the dimensions of the magazine from 8 x 11 to 10 x 14 . Baseline assumed its current size of 9 x 13 with Baseline 14 . The first four issues of Baseline ... baseline logo4.jpg Baseline logo since 2007 File baseline logo3.jpg Baseline logo 1994 2007 File baseline logo2.jpg Baseline logo 1988 1994 File baseline logo1.jpg Baseline logo 1979 1986 File Baseline magazine logo chronology.JPG Editor and Art Director of Baseline , Hans Dieter Reichert gives a talk ... resigned as Co Editor of Baseline . Following his departure he and his wife also resigned as Co Directors of Bradbourne Publishing Ltd. As from Baseline 51, 2007, Hans Dieter Reichert AGI, FISTD ... and other Baseline related art products. Further information Further information about the magazine and related Baseline products can be found on Baseline s website. http www.baselinemagazine.com Further information on Hans Dieter Reichert, Graphic Designer and Art Director of Baseline see HDR Visual Communication. http www.hdr online.com For a list of Baseline magazine issues along with content, see List of Baseline magazine issues . See also List of Baseline magazine issues Communication ... Baseline magazine website http www.hdr online.com Design team of Baseline see HDR Visual Communication Magazine Baseline magazine, issues 1 60, 1979 Present. Category Art magazines Category Communication design Category Graphic design Category Typography ... more details
Digital typography is the Typography arrangement of type using computers . See also Typography Computer font Web typography Desktop publishing Font rasterization computer stub Category Digital typography ... more details
Baseline Road may refer to United States Baseline Road Arizona in Phoenix Baseline Road Colorado in Boulder Baseline Road Southern California M 102 Michigan highway in Southeast Michigan Canada Baseline Road Ottawa in Ontario Baseline Road Sherwood Park in Alberta disambig ... more details
About the use of baseline in surveys other uses Baseline disambiguation No footnotes date June 2010 Image Meridians baselines.png thumb 300px right This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used in the surveyal of the United States. In the United States Public Land Survey System , a baseline is the principal east west line that divides survey township s between north and south. The baseline meets its corresponding meridian geography meridian at the point of origin, or initial point , for the land survey. For example, the baseline for Nebraska and Kansas is shared as the border for both states, at the 40th parallel north . Often, a baseline is marked by other features such as a road or boundary between counties. Baseline Road in the United States Many communities in the United States have roads that run along survey baselines, many of which are named to reflect that fact. Some examples In Little Rock , Arkansas , Baseline Road follows the baseline used by surveyors of the Louisiana Purchase . In Colorado , Baseline Road Colorado Baseline Road in Boulder, Colorado Boulder marks the 40th parallel north 40th parallel , or the western extension of the Kansas Nebraska boundary, which is also the boundary between Adams County, Colorado Adams and Weld County, Colorado Weld counties. In Arizona , the baseline near the Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix metro area is marked by Baseline Road Arizona Baseline Road . In Southern California, from Highland to San Dimas, the baseline is marked by Baseline Road California Baseline Road . In Michigan, the baseline for the Michigan Survey forms the boundary between the second and third tiers of counties and in many portions, discontinuous segments of road along the baseline are known as Baseline Road Michigan Baseline Road . 8 Mile Road in the Detroit area runs along the Michigan Baseline and was formerly known as Baseline Road. Baseline ... equivalent to the standard parallel in the US system. In Ontario, a baseline forms a straight ... more details
About the pharmacological concept other uses Baseline disambiguation Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In pharmacology and matters of biochemistry , baseline describes a person s state of mind or being with the absence of drugs. For example, after an LSD trip, baseline would be the point where the user is completely under control and no longer experiences any effects. DEFAULTSORT Baseline Pharmacology Category Pharmacodynamics Pharma stub ... more details
Orphan date December 2011 Temporal typography is typography that appears to move or change over time. It normally appears in screen based Mass media media , and in particular title sequences, Television station TV station Station identification idents , and advertising . Category Typography typ stub ... more details
ref improve date October 2011 Kinetic typography the technical name for moving text is an animation technique ... Early feature films contained temporal typography, but this was largely static text, presented sequentially ... to feature typography that was truly kinetic. Scholars recognize the first feature film to extensively use kinetic typography as Alfred Hitchcock s North by Northwest 1959 . This film s opening title ... Since then, the use of kinetic typography has become commonplace in film introductory titles and television ... of movement in temporal typography. It is necessary to make this distinction in order to classify kinetic typography in ways that acknolwedge their difference to static type which may share properties of form, but not kinetic behaviours . Kinetic typography is therefore categorised according to behaviours or action, rather than appearance. In classification, kinetic typography is a form of temporal typographytypography that is presented over time . It is distinct from other forms of temporal typography including serial presentation , which involves the sequential presentation of still typographic compositions. Layouts Barbara Brownie s model of temporal typography divides kinetic typography into motion typography subdivided into scrolling typography , dynamic layout and fluid typography ref http journalhosting.org meccsa pgn index.php netknow article view 27 61 ref Motion typography ... from one another on a 2D plane, or in three dimensional space. Likewise, scrolling typography can scroll across the flat screen, or can appear to recede or advance. Fluid typography In fluid typography, letterforms change and evolve without necessarily changing location. Production Kinetic typography ... Motion . ref http kinetictypography.com 2 ways of communicating with kinetic typography ref ... channels kinetictypography Kinetic Typography Channel on Vimeo http www.artofthetitle.com The Art ... around the world, many of which feature kinetic typography http www.marcofolio.net video 15 stunning ... more details
unreferenced date March 2009 unreferenced date July 2011 Baseline budgeting is a method of developing ... changes in spending levels will be required. The baseline is normally enhanced by adding adjustment .... The genesis of baseline budget projections can be found in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 ... in January 1976. Today s baseline budget projections are very much like those prepared more than two ... on added importance in 1980 and 1981, when they served as the baseline for computing spending reductions ... committees to reduce outlays by a total of 36 billion below baseline levels, but each committee could determine how those savings were to be achieved. The CBO baseline has been used in every year .... The Deficit Control Act of 1985 provided the first legal definition of baseline. For the most part, the act defined the baseline in conformity with previous usage. If appropriations had not been enacted for the upcoming fiscal year, the baseline was to assume the previous year s level without any adjustment for inflation. In 1987, however, the Congress amended the definition of the baseline so ... to the definition of the baseline were enacted in 1990, 1993, and 1997. Baseline budget projections ... 1990s, and more recently during the 2011 debt limit debate. Some critics contend that baseline ... reductions in the rate of spending growth. There have been attempts to eliminate the baseline budget concept and replace it with zero based budgeting, which is the opposite of baseline ... Accountability Office , a Baseline is as follows Baseline An estimate of spending, revenue, the deficit .... The baseline is a benchmark for measuring the budgetary effects of proposed changes in revenues ... at the end of fiscal year 2006, the baseline is defined as the projection of current year levels ... based on laws enacted through the applicable date. CBO Baseline Projected levels of governmental ... years, assuming generally that current policies remain the same, except as directed by law. The baseline ... more details
An en is a typographic unit , half of the width of an em typography em . By definition, it is equivalent to half of the height of the font e.g. in 16 point typography point type it is 8 points . As its name suggests, it is also traditionally the width of a lowercase letter n . The Dash En dash en dash and en space punctuation space are each one en wide. In English, the en dash is commonly used for inclusive ranges e.g., pages 12 17 or August 7, 1988 November 26, 2005 , and increasingly to replace the long dash Citation needed date August 2010 . Note that when using it to replace a long dash, spaces are needed either side of it like so. See also Dash Em typography x height Typography terms DEFAULTSORT En Typography Category Typography de Halbgeviert it En tipografia sr ... more details
for the baseline in an electrocardiogram isoelectric line A baseline in medicine is information found at the beginning of a clinical trial study or other initial known value which is used for comparison with later data. The concept of a baseline is essential to the daily practice of medicine in order to establish a relative rather than absolute meaning to data. The meaning of baseline in medicine is very similar to that of the running baseline baseball being the direct path that a baserunner is taking to the base he is in route to. If the baserunner is outside the 3 foot margin around his running baseline, then he is considered out. Whereas if a patient with kidney failure whose creatinine is usually 3.0 mg dL suddenly has a creatinine of 5.0 mg dL, then his creatinine is out of his normal. For that person with kidney failure, absolute normal no longer applies because he will never again be able to obtain an absolutely normal creatinine level 0.5 1.2 mg dL with kidneys that no longer function properly. See also 1970 ascariasis poisoning incident Index case Patient Zero Wilder s law of initial value Creatinine External links http www.medterms.com script main art.asp?articlekey 26233 medterms.com Medical Dictionary Category Medical terms med stub ... more details
IT baseline protection signifies standard security measures for typical IT systems. Overview The term baseline security is used in various contexts with somewhat different meanings. For example Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer Software tool focused on Microsoft operating system and services security http www.cisco.com en US docs solutions Enterprise Security Baseline Security securebasebook.html Cisco security baseline Vendor recommendation focused on network and network device security controls http www.nortel.com corporate news collateral ntj3 baseline 04.pdf Nortel baseline security Set of requirements and best practices with a focus on network operators ISO IEC 13335 3 defines a baseline approach to risk management. This standard has been replaced by ISO IEC 27005 , but the baseline approach was not taken over yet into the 2700x series. There are numerous internal baseline security ... baseline security standard, that is evolving towards ISO 27000 ref name iso27000 gs FSI Concept The foundation of an IT baseline protection concept is initially not a detailed risk analysis ... from the IT Baseline Protection Catalogs . The Bundesamt f r Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik Federal Office for Security in Information Technology s IT Baseline Protection Catalogs offer ... damage extents, implementation costs are also considered. By using the Baseline Protection Catalogs ... and to implement them in cooperation with professionals. The FSI grants a baseline protection certificate as confirmation for the successful implementation of baseline protection. In stages 1 and 2 ... can occur simultaneously with IT baseline protection certification. The ISO 27001 standard is the successor ... comfortable, most deviate from the IT baseline protection Protection needs determination protection needs analysis pursuant to the IT Baseline Protection Catalogs. The advantage is not only conformity ... authorities and integrated into the IT Baseline Protection Catalog. This component is not considered ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 The Baseline Nunataks Coord 70 46 S 67 1 E source GNIS display inline,title are a small group of nunatak s rising above the plateau ice convert 5 nmi km 0 south of Mount McKenzie , along the south side of the Aramis Range , Prince Charles Mountains . They were visited in January 1957 by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions southern party of 1956 57 led by W.G. Bewsher . This was the eastern end of a photo baseline, with Mount Hollingshead as the western end, hence the name. ref name gnis References Reflist refs ref name gnis cite gnis type antarid id 1051 name Baseline Nunataks accessdate 2011 05 20 ref usgs gazetteer id 1051 Category Nunataks of Mac. Robertson Land MacRobertsonLand geo stub ... more details
Measure or sometimes The Measure in typography refers to the width of a block or Column typography column of text from the left Margin typography margin to the right margin. Punctuation should preferably Hanging punctuation hang outside the measure. It is relative to each design , but can be used as a unit of measurement within that design to create unity and harmony. The measure of a text influences legibility. Long lines are hard to read, short lines are more easily read. 45 75 characters per line are regarded as the ideal range for the measure. For multiple column setups, 40 50 characters are often preferred. 66 is sometimes considered ideal for one column setups. Generally, if the measure is wide, the leading of a text should be increased if the measure is short, it is can safely be decreased. Reverse text, i.e. white text on black also requires more leading. ref http webtypography.net Rhythm and Proportion Horizontal Motion 2.1.2 ref ref http www.markboulton.co.uk journal comments five simple steps to better typography ref The measure or the length of a legible line is the length of the alphabet Caps, Lowercase and Numerals of a typeface of a size being used. References Reflist Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Measure Typography Category Page layout ... more details
Orphan date February 2012 unref date February 2012 A baseline dunk is a term in basketball . It is a variation of the slam dunk in which the player comes from the side of the basketball hoop instead of from the front. Oftentimes, the play comes after a pass, creating an Assist basketball assist opportunity for a teammate. Category Basketball terminology basketball stub ... more details
Shifting baseline also known as sliding baseline is a term used to describe the way significant changes to a system are measured against previous reference point s baseline s , which themselves may represent significant changes from the original state of the system. The term was first used by the Fisheries science fisheries scientist Daniel Pauly in his paper Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries . ref Pauly 1995 ref Pauly developed the term in reference to fisheries management where fisheries scientists sometimes fail to identify the correct wiktionary baselinebaseline population size e.g. how abundant a fish species population was before human exploitation and thus work with a shifted baseline . He describes the way that radically depleted fisheries were evaluated by experts who used the state of the fishery at the start of their careers as the baseline, rather than the fishery in its untouched state. Areas that swarmed with a particular species hundreds of years ago, may have experienced long term decline, but it is the level of decades previously that is considered the appropriate reference point for current populations. In this way large declines in ecosystems or species over long periods of time were, and are, masked. There is a loss of perception of change ... a healthy ecosystem baseline looks like. Broadened definition In 2002, filmmaker and former marine ... movement conservation . A conceptual metaphor for a shifting baseline is the price of coffee . A cup ... journal 122200416 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 Evidence for shifting baseline syndrome in conservation ... 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 313bda126ec2c8cba56b51a0c83d6e6d Anecdotes and the shifting baseline ... Shifting baseline Conservation Science Institute http seaaroundus.org magazines ... clip of the effect of shifting baseline on the health of the Puget Sound. http news.mongabay.com 2009 ... baseline.html Daniel Pauly The ocean s shifting baseline TED , 2010. fishery science topics expanded ... more details
About the nautical concept of baselines other uses Baseline disambiguation One source date March 2009 A baseline is the line from which the seaward limits of a State s territorial sea and certain other Ocean maritime zones of jurisdiction are measured. Normally, a sea baseline follows the mean low water spring low water line of a coastal State. When the coastline is deeply indented, has fringing islands or is highly unstable, straight baselines may be used. Measurement of baseline File Baselines chile.png thumb right 250px Chilean Baseline The following methods are used to measure a baseline under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982. Normal baseline Except where otherwise provided in this Convention, the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low water line along the coast as marked on large scale charts officially recognized by the coastal State. ref group note Article 5 UNCLOS 1982 ref Reefs In the case of islands situated on atolls or of islands having fringing reefs, the baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the seaward low water line of the reef, as shown by the appropriate symbol on charts officially recognized by the coastal State. ref group note Article 6 UNCLOS 1982 ref Straight baselines In localities where the coastline is deeply indented and cut into, or if there is a fringe of islands along the coast in its immediate vicinity, the method of straight baselines joining appropriate points may be employed in drawing the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Where because of the presence of a delta and other natural conditions the coastline is highly unstable, the appropriate points may be selected along the furthest seaward extent of the low water line and, notwithstanding subsequent regression of the low water line, the straight baselines shall remain effective ... United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea DEFAULTSORT Baseline Sea Category Hydrography Category ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Unit of length name cicero m .0045 accuracy 4 A cicero IPAc en icon s s r o is a unit of measure used in typography in Italy , France and other continental Europe an countries, first used by Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweynheim Pannartz and Sweynheim in 1468 for the edition of Cicero s Epistles, Ad Familiares . The font size thus acquired the name cicero . It is Frac 6 of the historical French inch , and is divided into 12 points, known in English as French points or Point typography Didot Didot point s. The measure term cicero is thus used similarly to an English Pica typography pica , although the French inch was slightly larger than the English inch there are about 1.063 picas to a cicero. Cicero and the points derived from cicero was used in the lead days of typography in continental Europe. Nowadays all computers use pica and the points derived from pica as font size measurement alongside with millimeters dubious date February 2012 this is certainly untrue in US typography, where mm are unused. for the line length, and paper size measurement. Cicero 4.5 mm. Pica 4.23333333 mm. Typography terms DEFAULTSORT Cicero typography Category Typography Category Units of length ca C cero cs Cicero typografie da Cicero typografi de Cicero Ma es C cero unidad ko it Cicero unit di misura kk hu Cicer m rt kegys g pl Cycero pt C cero medida tipogr fica ru sv Cicero m tt uk ... more details
Orphan date November 2010 Baseline Rock Coord 67 36 S 62 44 E source GNIS display inline,title is an isolated rock lying between Nost Island and the Flat Islands in Holme Bay , Mac. Robertson Land . It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition , 1936&ndash 37, and so named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia because the rock was used as one end of the baseline of a triangulation carried out by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1959. References usgs gazetteer id 1052 Category Rock formations in Mac. Robertson Land MacRobertsonLand geo stub ... more details
Cleanup date March 2009 Infobox serial killer name Suspected Baseline Killer 1 2 image caption birthname ... The Baseline Killer or Baseline Rapist was one of the two simultaneously occurring serial killer ... and June 2006. The crimes were referred to as the Baseline Killer since the first crimes began around Baseline Road Arizona Baseline Road in South Phoenix, Arizona . The crimes later spread north, primarily in the North Central area of Phoenix. The Baseline Killer is believed to have committed nine ... Charles title The Phoenix Baseline Killer Case work About.com Crime Punishment publisher date url ... cite web title Police Blood, rings tie suspect to Baseline Killer attacks work East Valley Tribune.com ... and fear blanketed the city as posters and billboards displayed the sketch of the Baseline ... Police Department task force suggesting that Mark Goudeau matched the sketch of the Baseline Killer ... items that linked Mark Goudeau to crimes committed by the Baseline Killer. On September 4, 2006 ... which was tied to the Baseline Killer investigation. The sisters, one of whom was visibly pregnant ..., Arizona jury sentenced him to death on the murder charges relating to the Baseline Killings. ref cite web url http www.chicagotribune.com news sns ap us baseline killer,0,1637419.story title Topic ... behind a church near Baseline Road, and molested two of the girls. ref name eastvalleytribune.com cite web title Man guilty in Baseline Killer sex assault case work East Valley Tribune.com publisher ..., Tempe, Georgia Thompson, 19. ref cite web url http www.phx411.com featured articles 2006 july baseline rapist timeline.php title Mark Goudeau Baseline Killer Baseline Rapist Suspect publisher Phx411.com ... on the women matched his profile. This was the breakthrough that led to the arrest in the Baseline Killer investigation. September 28, 2005, robbery 1425 W. Baseline Rd, Tempe. September 28, 2005 ..., police did not connect this crime to the Baseline Killer and believed that the murders were ... more details
Modern Typography was a reaction against the perceived decadence of typography and design of the late ... Bayer , Laszlo Moholy Nagy , El Lissitzky and others. Design concept Modern typography reflected ... Press, 1968. ref Jan Tschichold codified the principles of modern typography in his 1928 book, New Typography . He later repudiated the philosophy he espoused in this book as being fascistic, but it remained very influential. Typeface The hallmark of early modern typography is the sans serif ... and easy reading. ref Kibbee, W Modern Trends in Typography , The American Journal of Economics ... ref Objective The Modern typography states as its first objective to develop its visible ..., form must be created out of function. Only then can we achieve typography that expresses the spirit ... sequence of the contents. ref Tschichold, J. translated by McLean, R The New Typography A Handbook ... in modern typography is definitely toward simplicity and legibility, employing forms that comply ... in Typography , The American Journal of Economics and Sociology , page 219. 1948. Available online ... wrote a famous article about rules for typography in modern print in 1932. According to her everything ... on Typography , page 91. World Publishing, 1956. ref To make a good choice of typography, for modernist ... Designers in London. Later published in The Crystal Goblet Sixteen Essays on Typography , page ... simplicity of Bauhaus, Constructivism art Constructivism , Futurism and their claim that typography, like architecture , must be functional. See also Pioneers of Modern Typography Kurt Schwitters ... by McLean, Ruari, 1925 , The New Typography A Handbook for Modern Designers , University of California ... Goblet Sixteen Essays on Typography , Cleveland and New York World Publishing 1956 . Zelman, Stephanie ... onepage&q &f false Pioneers of modern typography By Herbert Spencer , Google books http books.google.ca ... &f false The New Typography A Handbook for Modern Designers By Jan Tschichold , Google books http ... more details
Image Typography Line Terms.svg thumb 390px The ascenders are the parts of minuscule characters that lie above the midline. In typography , an ascender is the portion of a Lower case minuscule grapheme letter in a Latin derived alphabet that extends above the mean line of a typeface font . That is, the part of a lower case letter that is taller than the font s x height . Ascenders, together with descenders , increase the recognizability of words. For this reason, British road signs no longer use all capital letters . ref Cite book last Sampson first Geoffrey title Writing Systems A linguistic introduction pages 94 95 location Stanford, California publisher Stanford University Press year 1985 isbn 0804712549 ref Studies made at the start of the construction of the British motorway network concluded that mixed case letters were much easier to read than all caps and a special font was designed for motorway signs. These then became universal across the U.K. See Road signs in the United Kingdom . References reflist Typography terms Category Typography THIS IS NOT A STUB, BUT A SHORT ARTICLE. DO NOT ADD A STUB MESSAGE. ca Asta ascendent cs P smov osnova de Liniensystem Typografie es Asta ascendente it Tratto ascendente nl Stokletter sr sv verh ng zh ... more details
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