other uses Batavia disambiguation Unreferenced date January 2009 Batavia is the Latin name for the land of the Batavi Germanic tribe Batavians during Ancient Rome Roman times . This was roughly the area around the city of Nijmegen , Netherlands , within the Roman Empire . The remainder of this land is nowadays known as Betuwe . During the Renaissance , Netherlands Dutch historians tried to promote these Batavians to the status of forefathers of the Dutch people. They started to call themselves Batavians, later resulting in the Batavian Republic , and took the name Batavia to their colonies such as the Dutch East Indies , where they founded the city that was called Batavia from 1619 until about 1942, when its name was changed to Djakarta later respelt Jakarta see History of Jakarta . The name was also used in Suriname, where they founded Batavia, Suriname , and in the United States where they founded the city and the town of Batavia city , New York Batavia, New York . This name spread further west in the United States to such places as Batavia, Illinois , near Chicago , and Batavia, Ohio . In Popular Culture In chapter 5 of Voltaire s novella Candide , a minor character remarks that he was from this region I am a sailor and born at Batavia . coord missing Netherlands Category Regions of the Netherlands Netherlands hist stub id Batavia nama it Batavia regione ... more details
Year in South Africa 1805 NOTOC Events The Napoleonic Wars break out between France and the United Kingdom 10 January British forces once again set sail for the Cape Colony as the Batavian Republic Batavians are still allied with France 28 April The Huguenot s consecrated the Strooidakkerk thatched church in Paarl References See Years in South Africa for list of References ... more details
File Continental.coast.150AD.Germanic.peoples.jpg frameless 240px right The Cananefates also referred to as Canninefates , Caninefates , or Canenefatae meaning leek masters ref Lauran Toorians, De Cananefaten in taalkundig perspectief . In W. de Jonge, J. Bazelmans and D.H. de Jager eds. , Forum Hadriani. Van Romeinse stad tot monument . Utrecht, 2006 ref were a Germanic peoples Germanic tribe that lived in the Rhine delta, on the western part of the Batavians Batavian Island province of Germania Inferior , currently Betuwe in the western part of the Netherlands , in the Ancient Rome Roman era, before and during the Roman conquest. They lived on the sandy grounds which is excellent soil to grow onions and, nowadays, to grow tulips. At the beginning of the Batavian rebellion under Gaius Julius Civilis in the anarchic year AD 69 , the Batavians sent envoys to the Canninefates to urge a common policy. This is a tribe, says Tacitus Histories Book iv http classics.mit.edu Tacitus histories.4.iv.html which inhabits part of the island, and closely resembles the Batavians in their origin, their language, and their courageous character, but is inferior in numbers. In the failed uprising that followed, the Canninefates were led by their chieftain Brinno , the son of a chief who had faced down Caligula . The capital of the civitas of the Cananefates was Forum Hadriani . Notes wikisource The Histories Tacitus Book 4 references See also Portal Ancient Germanic culture List of Germanic peoples Germanic peoples Category Ancient peoples Category Ancient Germanic peoples Category Germanic peoples Category Ethnic groups in Europe Category History of the Germanic peoples Category Iron Age Europe Category History of the Netherlands Netherlands hist stub ethno stub ca Canninefats de Cananefaten es Cananefates fr Cananefates it Canninefati hu Canninefasok nl Cananefaten sh Kananefati sv Kannefater ... more details
Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus c. 14 &ndash 69 was a Roman Senate Roman senator . He was consul in 47, and commander of the Rhine army during the Batavian rebellion . In 69, The year of the four emperors , Emperor Vitellius ordered troops from the Rhine borders redeployed to Italy to support him against the rebellion of Vespasian which Flaccus refused because he had heard rumors of a possible uprising of the Batavians. When Vittellius ordered forced recruitment of Batavians, they did rise in rebellion against the Romans. His indecision in which emperor to support Vitellius or Vespasian , and his resulting inactivity in the containment of the Batavian rebellion, made his later reputation suffer in the works of Tacitus . He was murdered by his own troops still loyal to Vitellius after trying to celebrate the victory of Vespasian. External links http www.livius.org ho hz hordeonius flaccus.html Livius.org Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Flaccus, Marcus Hordeonius ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Flaccus, Marcus Hordeonius Category 14 births Category 69 deaths Category Ancient Roman senators Category 1st century Romans Category Roman governors of Germania Superior Ancient Rome bio stub bg ca Hordeoni Flac de Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus it Ordeonio Flacco la Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus consul 47 nl Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus ... more details
Nabalia is an ancient river in the Netherlands that has been mentioned once by the Roman historian Publius Cornelius Tacitus Tacitus , in his book Historiae 5 26 . The river must have had some local, strategic or religious meaning, for in 70 AD Julius Civilis , leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans, choose this location to negotiate peace. A bridge was built, where the warring parties approached each other on both sides. Here the Roman captain Ceriales was attributed a speech by Tacitus, but here the report breaks off. For this reason, the conditions of the peace treaty are not known. However, the Batavians were still called an important tribe to the Romans in the book Germania , written later, also by Tacitus, in 98 AD. There are no indications to a harsh retaliation and the Batavians continued in their privileged position of semi independence in return for supplying elite troops to the Roman Empire . The identification of this river has not been resolved, also due to considerable changes of the historic watercourses. The name does not give any clue and, obviously cognate to Dutch nevel fog and derived from proto indoeuropean nebh sky cloud , could be a trivial synonym to any river. Proposed are the rivers Vecht Utrecht Utrechtse Vecht and Hollandse IJssel . External links http www.bartleby.com 61 roots IE337.html Watkin s nebh coord missing Netherlands Category Rivers of the Netherlands Category Rhine Meuse Scheldt delta nl Nabalia ... more details
Belgium, neighbouring the Batavians, the Tungri , and possibly the Betasii and Sunuci . About the Marsacii ... close to the Batavians. Also, like the Batavians and Cugerni , the Roman emperor s recruited their horse ... more details
Vetera, and forced to withdraw to the island of the Batavians. He finally came to an agreement ... Kaiserzeit , bk. ii. ch. 2, 54 1883 . External links http www.livius.org ba bd batavians revolt01.html ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Germanic tribes 750BC 1AD The West Germanic tribes were Germanic peoples who spoke the branch of Germanic languages known as West Germanic languages . They appear to be derived from the Jastorf culture , a Pre Roman Iron Age offshoot of the Nordic Bronze Age culture. The West Germanic tribes expanded southwards to the Rhine and later down to the Alps and west into Great Britain . Groups Istvaeones Saxons Jutes Angles Thuringians Alamanni Suebi Franks Sicambri Salian Franks Salii Chamavi Bructeri Chatti Chattuarii Ampsivarii Tencteri Ubii Batavians Batavi Frisii Cimbri Batavi Germanic tribe Batavi Chatti Thuringii Hermunduri Ingaevones See also Portal Ancient Germanic culture North Germanic tribes East Germanic tribes DEFAULTSORT West Germanic Tribes Category Ancient Germanic peoples Ethno stub es Pueblos germ nicos occidentales it Popoli germanici occidentali nl West Germaanse volkeren pt Tribos germ nicas ocidentais ... more details
effected by the Batavian revolt confirming that they lived close to the Batavians. Also, like the Batavians ..., and also the Civitas Batavorum , where the Batavians lived. Elizabeth Wightman proposes that the north of Germania Inferior, near the Batavians, is the most likely place that the Frisiavones lived ... more details
List of state leaders in 69 AD 69 state leaders Events of AD 70 List of state leaders in 71 AD 71 state leaders State leaders by year Africa Kingdom of Kush Kush Amanikhatashan , List of monarchs of Kush Queen of Kush 62 85 Asia China Emperor Ming of Han Ming , Table of Chinese monarchs Emperor of China 57 75 Japan Emperor Suinin Suinin , List of Japanese Emperors Emperor of Japan 29 BC AD 70 Korea Three Kingdoms of Korea Three Kingdoms Period Baekje Daru of Baekje Daru , List of Rulers of Korea Baekje King of Baekje 28 77 Goguryeo Taejo of Goguryeo Taejo , List of Rulers of Korea Goguryeo King of Goguryeo 53 146 Silla Talhae of Silla Talhae , List of Rulers of Korea Silla King of Silla 57 80 Kushan Empire Kujula Kadphises , Kushan Empire King of Kush 30 80 Europe Batavians Gaius Julius Civilis , Batavians leader of the Batavians ? c. 70 Bosporan Kingdom Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis I , Roman client Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus King of Bosporus 68 90 Brigantes Venutius , Brigantes King of the Brigantes ? 51, 69 ? Caucasian Iberia Qartam of Iberia Qartam , List of the Kings of Georgia King of Caucasian Iberia 58 72 Dacia Duras Dacian king Duras , List of Dacian kings King of Dacia 68 87 Ireland Elim mac Conrach , List of High Kings of Ireland High King of Ireland 56 76 Regnenses Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus , King of the Britons 50 ? and Regnenses King of the Regnenses 43 ? Roman Empire Roman Emperor Principate Principate Flavian dynasty Vespasian , Roman Emperor 69 79 Vespasian , List of Roman consuls Consul 70 Titus , List of Roman consuls Consul 70 Arrius Varus , Praetorian prefect 69 70 Tiberius Julius Alexander , Praetorian prefect 69 ? Marcus Arrecinus Clemens prefect 70 Marcus Arrecinus Clemens , Praetorian prefect 70 71 Roman Britain Roman Britain Britannia Province Marcus Vettius Bolanus , Governors of Roman Britain Roman governor 69 71 Aegyptus Roman province gyptus Province Lucius Peducius Colo , List of governors of Roman Egypt Roman Prefect 70 Iudaea Prov ... more details
Other persons Labeo Labeo disambiguation Claudius Labeo 1st. ct. AD was a Batavians Batavian and a military leader in the service of the Roman Empire at the time of the Batavian rebellion . He was prefect of the Batavian Ala Roman military ala of auxiliaries, which went over from Lupercus to Gaius Julius Civilis Civilis . Civilis, whose rival he was in their native town, not being willing to incur the odium of putting him to death, and yet fearing that, if allowed to remain with his army, he might excite disaffection, sent him as a prisoner among the Frisii . He afterwards escaped, and offered his services to Gaius Dillius Vocula Vocula , who gave him a small force, with, which he carried on an irregular warfare against the insurgents. He was defeated by Civilis, who, however, tried in vain to crush him. ref Tac. Hist. iv. 18, 56, 66, 70. cited by Smith ref References SmithDGRBM author Philip Smith article Labeo, Claudius volume 2 page 694 Footnotes reflist External links http www.livius.org cg cm claudius labeo.html Livius.org Claudius Labeo Category 1st century people ancient rome stub nl Claudius Labeo ... more details
cleanup date November 2009 about the Roman woman who lived at Vindolanda the similarly named poets Sulpicia Sulpicia Lepidina was the wife of Flavius Cerialis, Prefect Military prefects prefect of the Ninth Cohort military unit Cohort of Batavians , stationed at Vindolanda r group Note a in Roman Britain about the turn of the 1st century AD. Her notability is the result of receiving two letters from Claudia Severa , wife of Aelius Brocchus, commander of a nearby fort r group Note b . ref Alan Bowman and David Thomas, Vindolanda the Latin writing tablets London Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies , 1983, pp. 256 ref One of the letters from Severa is an invitation to a birthday party, which is perhaps the best known of the Vindolanda tablets now at the British Museum . ref cite news title Hadrian s soldiers writing home last Harry Mount Mount, Harry first date 2008 07 21 accessdate 2011 02 23 newspaper The Daily Telegraph www.telegraph.co.uk url http www.telegraph.co.uk comment personal view 3560809 Hadrians soldiers writing home.html quote The real prize of the Vindolanda tablets, though, are the earliest surviving letters in a woman s hand written in this country. In one letter, Claudia Severa wrote to her sister, Sulpicia Lepidina, the wife of a Vindolanda bigwig Flavius Cerialis, prefect of the Ninth Cohort of Batavians Oh how much I want you at my birthday party. You ll make the day so much more fun. I do so hope you can make it. Goodbye, sister, my dearest soul. ref The invitation is partly written by a scribe and partly by Severa herself. Along with another tablet a fragment with a closure r group Note b written in Severa s hand , the invitation is thought to be the oldest extant writing by a Roman woman found in Britain, or indeed anywhere. The subject matter of the letters is social and personal, and Severa calls Lepidina her sister. The letters were written in ink on wooden tablets r group Note d found during excavations at Vindolanda in the 1970s. Th ... more details
history . Batavians Main Batavi Germanic tribe Revolt of the Batavi About 38 BC a pro Roman faction ... there the Batavians . ref name livius.org Image Bataafseeed.jpg thumb 200px The Conspiracy of Julius ... was on the whole quite good many Batavians even served in the Ala Roman military Roman cavalry ... burnt down because the Romans violated the rights of the Batavian leaders by taking young Batavians as their slaves . ref http www.livius.org ba bd batavians revolt01.html Jona Lendering, The Batavian Revolt ref Other Roman soldiers like those in Xanten and the auxiliary troops of Batavians and Caninefatae ... , eventually defeated the Batavians and started negotiations with Julius Civilis on his home ground ... as the Batavians probably called it&mdash Batavodurum. ref Historiae by Tacitus, 1st century AD. http ... , Ampsivarii , Tencteri , Ubii , Batavians Batavi and the Tungri , who inhabited the lower and middle ... more details
and the Ethnogenesis of the Batavians , in T. Gr newald & H. J. Schalles eds. , Germania Inferior Besiedlung .... Military units Image Bataafseeed.jpg thumb 240px The Conspiracy of the Batavians under Claudius Civilis ... was housed in a stone castra to keep an eye on the Batavians. Fate of the Batavi The Batavi were ... myth main History of the Netherlands Batavians In the 16th century invention of a suitably antique ..., the Batavians came to be regarded as their eponymous ancestors. ref This section follows Simon ..., fortitude and industry were rendered fully recognizable among the Batavians in more scholarly ... variants of the Batavian founding myth are made more credible by pointing out that the Batavians ... more details
was normalized, but the Batavians had to cope with humiliating conditions and a legion stationed permanently on their territory. Background The Batavians were a sub tribe of the Germanic Chatti tribal ... of the Cananefates was living in lands between the Batavians and the North Sea . The inducements ... Vetera modern Xanten . By this time, the Batavians were independent and clearly had the upper ... his enemy from calling the Rhine legions to Italy. The Batavians were promised independence and Civilis ... for the Batavians. Civilis chose to pursue vengeance and swore to destroy the two Roman legions. The timing ... who had predicted the rise of the Batavians. After this success, Civilis went to Colonia Agrippina ... parties approached each other on both sides. The general agreements are unknown but the Batavians ... Lendering, De randen van de aarde 2000 Amsterdam http www.livius.org ba bd batavians revolt01.html ... more details
List of state leaders in 68 AD 68 state leaders 69 Events of AD 69 List of state leaders in 70 AD 70 state leaders State leaders by year Africa Kingdom of Kush Kush Amanikhatashan , List of monarchs of Kush Queen of Kush 62 85 Asia China Emperor Ming of Han Ming , Table of Chinese monarchs Emperor of China 57 75 Japan Emperor Suinin Suinin , List of Japanese Emperors Emperor of Japan 29 BC AD 70 Korea Three Kingdoms of Korea Three Kingdoms Period Baekje Daru of Baekje Daru , List of Rulers of Korea Baekje King of Baekje 28 77 Goguryeo Taejo of Goguryeo Taejo , List of Rulers of Korea Goguryeo King of Goguryeo 53 146 Silla Talhae of Silla Talhae , List of Rulers of Korea Silla King of Silla 57 80 Kushan Empire Kujula Kadphises , Kushan Empire King of Kush 30 80 Europe Batavians Gaius Julius Civilis , Batavians leader of the Batavians ? c. 70 Bosporan Kingdom Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis I , Roman client Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus King of Bosporus 68 90 Brigantes Cartimandua , Brigantes Queen of the Brigantes 43 69 Venutius , Brigantes King of the Brigantes ? 51, 69 ? Cananefates Brinno , Cananefates leader of the Cananefates c. 69 Caucasian Iberia Qartam of Iberia Qartam , List of the Kings of Georgia King of Caucasian Iberia 58 72 Dacia Duras Dacian king Duras , List of Dacian kings King of Dacia 68 87 Ireland Elim mac Conrach , List of High Kings of Ireland High King of Ireland 56 76 Regnenses Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus , King of the Britons 50 ? and Regnenses King of the Regnenses 43 ? Roman Empire Roman Emperor Principate Principate Year of the Four Emperors and the Flavian dynasty Galba , Roman Emperor 68 69 Otho , Roman Emperor 69 Vitellius , Roman Emperor 69 Vespasian , Roman Emperor 69 79 Anicetus pirate Anicetus , List of Roman usurpers Roman usurper 69 Galba , List of Roman consuls Consul 69 Titus Vinius , List of Roman consuls Consul 69 Otho , List of Roman consuls Consul suffectus 69 Lucius Salvius Otho Titianus , List of Roman consuls Consul suffectus ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 Julius Briganticus died AD 69 was a Batavians Batavian who commanded auxiliaries Roman military auxiliary cavalry in the Roman Army . He was the son of the sister of Gaius Julius Civilis , the leader of the Batavian rebellion , who apparently hated his nephew. The nomen Julius indicates he was a Roman citizenship Roman citizen . The cognomen Briganticus perhaps suggests he, or his father, gained distinction fighting against the Brigantes of northern Roman Britain Britain . In 69, during the civil wars of the Year of Four Emperors , Briganticus initially fought for Otho but surrendered to Vitellius s forces after the battle of Piacenza Placentia . ref Tacitus , Histories Tacitus Histories Wikisource The Histories Tacitus Book 2 22 2.22 ref He later commanded a picked squad of cavalry that had been formed by Vitellius but went over to Vespasian . ref Tacitus, Histories Wikisource The Histories Tacitus Book 4 70 4.70 ref He died fighting for the Romans under Quintus Petillius Cerialis against his uncle during the Batavian revolt. ref Tacitus, Histories Wikisource The Histories Tacitus Book 5 21 5.21 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Julius Briganticus Category Ancient Romans in Britain Category Year of Four Emperors Category Ancient Germanic peoples Category Military personnel killed in action Category 69 deaths Category 1st century people Category Year of birth unknown Category Place of birth unknown ca Julius Briganticus it Giulio Brigantico ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Smetius Collection was a 17th century collection of Ancient Rome Roman provincial antiquities around the Dutch people Dutch city of Nijmegen . Put together by Johannes Smetius 1591 1651 and his son Johannes Smetius junior 1636 1704 , both clergy at Nijmegen, the collection was instrumental in settling the debate about the exact location of the Batavians . History of the collection Johannes Smetius senior was called to Nijmegen as a minister in 1618. Interested in history, he begun collecting Roman antiquities which were frequently discovered in and around the city. In 1644 he published Oppidum Batavorum seu Noviomagum , in which he used his collection to argue that Tacitus description of the Batavian fortress was Nijmegen. In 1678 Johannes Smetius junior published a catalogue of the collection under the title Antiquitates Neomagenses . This book is currently on sale, recently translated to Dutch, under the title Nijmeegse Oudheden Antiquities from Nijmegen . The two publications made the collection famous and its major importance in the scholarly debate about Ancient Rome Roman activities in the Netherlands was recognized. The books also shed some light on the size of the collection, which encompassed over 10,000 Roman coins and about 4500 other Roman antiquities. Eventually the collection was sold to Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine and moved to D sseldorf. Only the few pieces that were donated to the city of Nijmegen are left of the collection, as the sold majority dispersed over time and its contents are now untraceable. See also Nijmegen History References and Further Reading Halbertsma, R. B. 2003 , Scholars, Travellers, and Trade The Pioneer Years of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden, 1818 1840 , Routledge, p. 10 11 Nellissen, L. translator , Nijmeegse Oudheden , Stichting Stilus, ISBN 90 808719 1 5. http www.ru.nl ahc vg html vg000189.htm Website of the Radboud University Nijmegen about Johannes Smetius senior Category ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Walhalla Wacht Type studio Artist Heidevolk Cover Heidevolk Walhalla Wacht.jpg Released March 26, 2008 Recorded Genre Folk metal , viking metal Length 41 33 Label Napalm Records ref http www.napalmrecords.com hp promo.php?osCsid e1c5c9fe1538a2f051d3114ff7f07b19&bioID 92 Napalm Records artist page ref Producer Dick Kemper ref Allmusic class album id r1341503 credits pure url yes Walhalla Wacht credits AllMusic ref Reviews Last album Wodan Heerst br 2007 This album Walhalla Wacht br 2008 Next album Uit oude Grond br 2010 Walhalla Wacht translation Valhalla Awaits is the second studio album by the Netherlands Dutch viking metal folk viking metal band Heidevolk , released in March 2008. Its North American release coincided with the Napalm Records re release of their previous full length album, De Strijdlust is Geboren . Track listing Saksenland Saxon Land 5 38 Koning Radboud King Radbod 3 40 Wodan Heerst Wodan Reigns 8 04 Hulde Aan De Kastelein Tribute to the Innkeeper 1 03 Walhalla Wacht Valhall Awaits 4 11 Opstand Der Bataven Revolt of the Batavians 4 36 Het Wilde Heer The Raging Lord 5 48 Naar De Hal Der Gevallenen To the Hall of the Fallen 1 59 Zwaarden Geheven Swords Raised 4 08 Dageraad Dawn 2 22 Release history The album was released in Finland March 26, 2008, then in Germany, Austria and Switzerland on March 28. In the rest of Europe it was released March 31 and in North America April 22. References reflist Category 2008 albums Category Heidevolk albums Category Napalm Records albums nl Walhalla wacht pl Walhalla Wacht pt Walhalla Wacht ... more details
. A power vacuum occurred on the now undefended Rhine border. The Batavians rose and advanced on the empire ... Ubii and they had not become fully romanised. They quickly sided with the Batavians. However, when the Batavians ... more details
1 &ndash Batavian rebellion The Batavians in Germania Inferior Netherlands revolt under the leadership ... the fortress at Mainz . The Batavians attack Roman forts on the Rhine frontier Fectio and Utrecht ... more details
. When Fabius Valens heard of the loss, he sent a detachment of Batavians Batavian auxiliaries to the relief ... known strength of the Batavians, and the subsequent risings of a mutiny on behalf of the Vitellianist ... more details
Refimprove date September 2009 Image RMSDeltaEast.jpg thumb right Satellite image of the upper part of the Rhine Meuse River Meuse river delta delta showing the Betuwe region 5 . Image PannerdensKanaal.png thumb thumb right Edited satellite image of the Rhine Waal fork, showing the cut off eastern tip of the Betuwe between the red, blue and green streams . The Betuwe from batawj , good island , from Germanic bat good, excellent and awj island, land near water is an area in the Netherlands in the province of Gelderland . Tacitus knew it as Insula Batavorum Island of the Batavians , the Germanic tribe from which the modern name is derived and indeed it could be considered a large river island , but nowadays it hardly ever is viewed as such with the exception of the last months of World War II October 1944 June 1945 when it became known as Men s Island or Manneneiland due to the evacuation of all civilian population during Operation Market Garden , leaving only soldiers behind . ref Een ommegang door Angeren, Hent van Deelen, 1983 ref When the Pannerdens Kanaal was dug between 1701 and 1709, the easternmost tip of the Betuwe including the towns of Pannerden and Lobith was cut off from the rest of the region. The Betuwe is situated between the Waal river Waal and Rhine Lek River Lek river s, surrounding the Linge stream, and is famous for its fruit production. The largest and most important city in the area is Tiel . In 1995, a large part of this area had to be evacuated because the rivers threatened to overflow. This did not happen, but it raised the debate again about whether to reinforce the dike construction dikes or not. A major freight railroad, the Betuweroute , passes through the Betuwe. It was opened in 2007 after many years of controversy. Towns and villages in the Betuwe are Angeren Buren Culemborg Driel Elst Geldermalsen Gendt Huissen Randwijk Tiel Tuyll or Tuil, seat of the court of the Middle Ages region of Teisterbant, which included today s Betuwe The ... more details
Claudia Severa was a literate Roman Empire Roman woman, the wife of Aelius Brocchus , commander of an unidentified fort near Vindolanda fort in northern England . ref Alan Bowman and David Thomas, Vindolanda the Latin writing tablets , London Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies , 1983, pp. 256 ref She is known for a birthday invitation she sent around 100 AD to Sulpicia Lepidina , wife of Flavius Cerialis, commander at Vindolanda. This invitation was discovered in the 1970s and is probably the best known item of the Vindolanda Tablets . ref cite news title Hadrian s soldiers writing home last Harry Mount Mount, Harry first date 2008 07 21 accessdate 2011 02 23 newspaper The Daily Telegraph www.telegraph.co.uk url http www.telegraph.co.uk comment personal view 3560809 Hadrians soldiers writing home.html quote The real prize of the Vindolanda tablets, though, are the earliest surviving letters in a woman s hand written in this country. In one letter, Claudia Severa wrote to her sister, Sulpicia Lepidina, the wife of a Vindolanda bigwig Flavius Cerialis, prefect of the Ninth Cohort of Batavians Oh how much I want you at my birthday party. You ll make the day so much more fun. I do so hope you can make it. Goodbye, sister, my dearest soul. ref The letter was written partly by a scribe and partly in Claudia s own hand. The Vindolanda Tablets also contain a fragment from another letter in Claudia s hand. These two letters are thought to be the oldest extant writing by a Roman woman found in Britain, or perhaps anywhere. ref name g1 cite web url http www.britishmuseum.org research search the collection database search object details.aspx?objectid 1362732&partid 1&searchText Claudia Severa&numpages 10&orig 2fresearch 2fsearch the collection database.aspx¤tPage 1 title Search object details Wood writing tablet with a party invitation written in ink, in two hands, from Claudia Severa to Lepidina. publisher British Museum date 2011 01 24 accessdate 2011 02 08 ref ... more details
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