italic title Taxobox name Bergenia image Bergenia cordifolia Inflorescens .jpg image caption Bergenia ... eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Bergenia genus authority Conrad Moench Moench subdivision ranks Species subdivision See text Bergenia IPAc en icon b r n i ref Sunset ... title Guide to Growing Bergenia Plants url http www.thegardenhelper.com bergenia.html date work publisher The Garden Helper accessdate 2009 06 30 ref The common names for Bergenia are pigsqueak due to the sound ... and large rockfoil. Bergenia is closely related to Mukdenia , Oresitrophe Astilboides and Rodgersia ... Karl August von Bergen by coining the name Bergenia in 1794. Species Bergenia ciliata , including the cultivar Bergenia ciliata Superba Bergenia cordifolia is the most widely grown garden plant, especially the cultivar Bergenia cordifolia Purpurea. The species epithet cordifolia means heart ... cultivars are Bergenia cordifolia Winterglut and Bergenia cordifolia Senior. Bergenia crassifolia is about 12 inches tall. The leaves are spoon shaped. One cultivar is Bergenia crassifolia Autumn Red. Bergenia emeiensis Bergenia ligulata Bergenia pacumbis Bergenia purpurascens is 12 16 inches tall and has carmine red flowers. The leaves are oval shaped. Bergenia purpurascens var. delavayi is ca. 20 inches tall with small leaves and rosy red flowers. Bergenia scopulosa Bergenia stracheyi with the cultivars Bergenia stracheyi Alba and Bergenia stracheyi Afghanica Bergenia tianquanensis Cultivation Bergenia are hardy plants that can grow in climates with extreme temperature ..., protection from the wind may be required. ref name tgh Bergenia crassifolia , Bergenia cordifolia ... trade are Bergenia Abendglocken Bergenia Abendglut Bergenia Admiral Bergenia Bach File Bergenia Bressingham White .jpg thumb right 200px Bergenia Bressingham White Bergenia Baby Doll Bergenia Ballawley Bergenia Beethoven Bergenia Biedermeier Bergenia Blickfang Bergenia Brahms Bergenia Bressingham ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Bergenia stracheyi image Bergenia stracheyi0.jpg image caption Bergenia stracheyi regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Bergenia species B. stracheyi binomial Bergenia stracheyi binomial authority Joseph Dalton Hooker Hook.f. & Thorns. Adolf Engler Engl. in Bot. Zeitung. 26 842. 1868 subdivision ranks Subspecies subdivision synonyms Saxifraga stracheyi Hook.f. & Thorns. Bergenia stracheyi is a plant species in the genus Bergenia found in the Western Himalayas, from 2700 4700 m, Afghanistan and Tadzhikistan. ref http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 5&taxon id 200010057 Bergenia stracheyi on www.efloras.org ref Bergenin and norbergenin are chemical compounds that can be isolated from rhizomes of B. stracheyi . ref Immunomodulatory effect of bergenin and norbergenin against adjuvant induced arthritis A flow cytometric study Nighat Nazira, Surrinder Koulb, Mushtaq A. Qurishia, Sachin C. Tanejab, Sheikh F. Ahmadc, Sarang Banic and Ghulam N. Qazi, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 112, Issue 2, 13 June 2007, pp. 401 405, doi 10.1016 j.jep.2007.02.023 ref cultivars Bergenia stracheyi Alba Bergenia stracheyi Afghanica References reflist External links wikispecies commons Category Bergenia stracheyi Category Plants described in 1868 Saxifragaceae stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Bergenia crassifolia image Bergenia crassifolia a1.jpg image caption Bergenia crassifolia , like many of its congeners, was originally believed to be a Saxifraga saxifrage regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Bergenia species B. crassifolia binomial Bergenia crassifolia binomial authority Carl Linnaeus L. Karl Fritsch Fritsch subdivision ranks Subspecies subdivision Bergenia crassifolia var. crassifolia br Bergenia crassifolia var. pacifica synonyms Bergenia cordifolia Haw. Sternb. br Saxifraga cordifolia br Saxifraga crassifola Bergenia crassifolia , the badan, Siberian tea, Mongolian tea, leather bergenia, winter blooming bergenia, heartleaf bergenia, elephant s ears or elephant ears, is a plant species in the genus Bergenia . It is about 12 inches tall. The leaves are spoon shaped. One cultivar is Bergenia crassifolia Autumn Red. B. crassifolia contains the polyphenols arbutin ref http notulaebotanicae.ro nbha article viewFile 3108 2947 Natural Resources Containing Arbutin. Determination of Arbutin in the Leaves of Bergenia crassifolia L. Fritsch. acclimated in Romania. Carmen Pop, Laurian Vlase, Mircea Tamas, Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj 37 1 2009, 129 132 ref , kaempferol 3 lathyroside , catechin 3 O gallate ref http metabolomics.jp wiki Species BergeniaBergenia on metabolomics.jp ref , tannin s and the pectin bergenan ref http www.springerlink.com content l3703211737u8808 Structural study of bergenan, a pectin from Bergenia crassifolia. V. V. Golovchenko, O. A. Bushneva, R. G. Ovodova, A. S. Shashkov, A. O. Chizhov and Yu. S. Ovodov ... links wikispecies Commons Tannin source DEFAULTSORT Bergenia C Category Bergenia crassifolia Saxifragaceae ... it Bergenia crassifolia lv Biezlapu berg nija lt Storalap bergenija pl Bergenia grubolistna ru sv Bergenia zh ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Bergenia ciliata image Bergenia ciliata Haw. Sternb. f. ligulata Yeo Saxifragaceae plant.jpg image caption Bergenia ciliata regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Bergenia species B. ciliata binomial Bergenia ciliata binomial authority Adrian Hardy Haworth Haw. Kaspar Maria von Sternberg Sternb. Revis. Saxifrag. suppl. 2 2. 1831 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Bergenia ciliata is a plant species in the genus Bergenia . Bergenin , catechin and gallic acid can be found in B. ciliata . ref Simultaneous quantification of bergenin, catechin, and gallic acid from Bergenia ciliata and Bergenia ligulata by using thin layer chromatography. K. Dhalwal, V.M. Shinde, Y.S. Biradar and K.R. Mahadik, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Volume 21, Issue 6, September 2008, pp. 496 500, doi 10.1016 j.jfca.2008.02.008 ref References reflist External links wikispecies commons category Category Bergenia ciliata Category Plants described in 1831 Saxifragaceae stub ... more details
20528090 Simultaneous quantification of bergenin, catechin, and gallic acid from Bergenia ciliata and Bergenia ligulata by using thin layer chromatography. Dhalwal K. Shinde V.M. Biradar Y.S. .... ref Pandya K.K., Patel R.B., and Chakravarty B.K., Indian Drugs 27, 415 1990 . ref Bergenia ligulata ... of urolithiasis or kidney stones. Data indicate antiurolithic activity in Bergenia ligulata, mediated ... of Bergenia ligulata rhizome an explanation of the underlying mechanisms. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Feb ... monohydrate, a mineral in most kidney stones, was observed primarily with aqueaous extracts of Bergenia ... terrestris and Bergenia ligulata inhibit growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in vitro. Journal ... is sometimes treated as a form of Bergenia ciliata . References reflist Category Bergenia ligulata Saxifragaceae ... more details
Badan may refer to Badhan, Sanaag , a city and district in the Sanaag region, a territory in north Eastern Somalia Badan Empire , the name of an evil organization in Birth of the 10th Kamen Riders All Together and the manga Kamen Rider Spirits a name for the plant Bergenia crassifolia Badan ship , a type of dhow disambig ... more details
B. crassifolia may refer to Barbosella crassifolia , an orchid species Beauprea crassifolia , a plant species endemic to New Caledonia Bergenia crassifolia , a plant species Byrsonima crassifolia , a flowering plant species native to tropical America See also Crassifolia Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
. Qazi, 2006 ref Bergenin can be isolated from Bergenia species like Bergenia ciliata and Bergenia ligulata ref Simultaneous quantification of bergenin, catechin, and gallic acid from Bergenia ciliata and Bergenia ligulata by using thin layer chromatography. Dhalwal K., Shinde V.M., Biradar Y.S. and Mahadik ... ref , from rhizomes of Bergenia stracheyi and from the stem bark of Dryobalanops aromatica . ref ... more details
Besides its literal meaning the ear of an elephant , elephant ear can mean Botanical A plant with leaves shaped like an elephant s ear, with large, thick leaves. Several related genera in the family Araceae Arums Alocasia , occurring in Tropical & Subtropical Asia to Eastern Australia and widely cultivated in Oceania and South America. Caladium , ornamental plants with arrowhead shaped leaves originally from South America but widely cultivated Colocasia taro , native to tropical Polynesia and southeastern Asia. Xanthosoma , a native to tropical America with several species being grown for their starchy corms, an important food staple The immature first year form of the temperate Old World biennial plant, burdock , a thistle in the genus Arctium A name for the central Asian plant genus Bergenia , especially Bergenia crassifolia , in the family Saxifragaceae which is widely cultivated as a shade loving flowering garden plant in temperate zones. Culinary Elephant ear doughnut &mdash sold at carnivals in the Southern US and Canada Palmier Other A device occasionally found on diesel locomotives such as the EMD SD40T 2 , EMD SD45T 2 or EMD GP15 1 to prevent hot exhaust gases from entering the radiator air intakes while operating in a tunnel. disambig ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Heterodera bergeniae regnum Animal ia phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea subclassis Diplogasteria ordo Tylenchida superfamilia Tylenchoidea familia Heteroderidae subfamilia Heteroderinae genus Heterodera species H. bergeniae binomial Heterodera bergeniae binomial authority Maqbool & Shahina , 1988 synonyms Heterodera bergeniae ref Maqbool, M. A. Shahina, F. 1988 http olericulture.org 000 715 000715603.html Nematodes of northern areas in Pakistan. Heterodera bergeniae sp. n. Nematoda Heteroderidae , a parasite of Bergenia ciliata. Revue de Nematologie 11 2 1988 121 127. Zoological Record Volume 125 at http olericulture.org Olericulture.org ref is a plant pathogenic nematode in Pakistan . References Reflist nematode stub plant disease stub agri stub Category Heterodera bergeniae Category Plant pathogens and diseases ... more details
taxobox name Saxifragaceae image Foamflower.jpg image caption Foamflower regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae familia authority Antoine Laurent de Jussieu Juss. subdivision ranks Genus Genera subdivision Many, see text. Saxifragaceae is a plant family with about 460 known species in 36 genus genera . In Europe there are 12 genera. The flowers are hermaphrodite hermaphroditic and actinomorphic flower actinomorphic . They have 4 or 5 petal s and 5 or 10 stamen s. Well known species include Bergenia cordifolia Saxifraga umbrosa Saxifraga stellaris Saxifraga oppositifolia Saxifraga paniculata Heuchera x brizoides The Parnassiaceae have sometimes been treated as part of this family, although they are only distantly genetically related. Genera div float left col begin width 70 col 1 of 2 Abrophyllum &ndash Native Hydrangea Astilbe &ndash false goat s beards Astilboides Bensoniella &ndash Oregon Bensoniella Bergenia Bolandra &ndash false coolworts Boykinia &ndash brookfoams Chondrosea &ndash Pyramidal Saxifrage sometimes included in Saxifraga Chrysosplenium &ndash golden saxifrages Conimitella small Rydb. small Darmera &ndash Indian Rhubarb Elmera small Rydb. small &ndash Hemieva small Raf. small Heuchera &ndash Coral Bells Jepsonia Leptarrhena small R.Br. small Lithophragma &ndash woodlandstars col 2 of 2 Micranthes small Haw. small Mitella &ndash miterworts Mukdenia &ndash mukdenias Oresitrophe Peltiphyllum Verify source date January 2009 valid? small Engl. Engl. small Rodgersia Saxifraga &ndash saxifrages Saxifragella small Engl. small sometimes included in Saxifraga Saxifragodes Saxifragopsis small Small small &ndash saxifragopsis es sometimes included in Saxifraga Suksdorfia small Gray small Sullivantia small Torr. & Gray ex Gray small &ndash coolwort s Tanakaea Telesonix small Raf. small Tellima &ndash Fringecups Tiarella &ndash foamflowers Tolmiea &ndash Piggyback P ... more details
Taxobox name Black vine weevil image Otiorhynchus sulcatus 23 8 2007 20 10 41.JPG image width 240px regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Beetle Coleoptera familia Curculionidae genus Otiorhynchus species O. sulcatus binomial Otiorhynchus sulcatus binomial authority Johan Christian Fabricius Fabricius , 1775 Otiorhynchus sulcatus , commonly known as the black vine weevil , is native to Europe, but common in North America as well. It is a pest of many garden plants. Overview The adult weevil is matte black with fused wing covers, and is unable to fly. It feeds at night on the outer edges of leaves, causing the leaves to have a notched margin. Broadleaved evergreen plants such as camellia, rhododendron, euonymus and bergenia are particularly prone to damage, although a wide range of different garden plants is susceptible to attack. ref cite web url http www.forestry.ubc.ca fetch21 FRST308 lab3 otiorhynchus sulcatus vine.html title Otiorhynchus Brachyrhinus sulcatus Curculionidae author John A. McLean publisher UBC Faculty of Forestry date 2007 ref Grubs grow up to 1 cm in length, have a slightly curved, legless body, creamy white in colour, with a tan brown head. They live below the soil surface, and feed on roots and Cambium botany cambium at the base of the trunk. They cause most damage to herbaceous plants, particularly those growing in containers, where root growth is restricted. Severe infestations can result in complete root destruction and hence plant death. Host Plants The host plants include the following, listed by genus Arisaema Aster genus Aster Astilbe Bergenia Camellia Echinacea Epimedium Euonymus Heuchera Hosta Kalmia Lilium Phlox Rhododendron Sedum Syringa Taxus Tsuga Wisteria Controls Organic Controls Image Otiorhynchus sulcatus PICT3373.jpg thumb right 240px Found in the soil of Taxus The soil dwelling grubs can be controlled using predatory nematode s which can be bought from some garden centres, and by mail order. ref cite web u ... more details
Wikify date September 2011 chembox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 462262631 Name Norbergenin ImageFile Norbergenin.svg ImageSize 200px ImageName Chemical structure of norbergenin ImageAlt Chemical structure of norbergenin IUPACName 2S,3R,4R,4aS,10bR 3,4,8,9,10 pentahydroxy 2 hydroxymethyl 3,4,4a,10b tetrahydro 2H pyrano 3,2 c isochromen 6 one OtherNames br Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 79595 97 4 CASNo Comment CASNo Ref cascite changed ?? CASNo1 838 40 4 CASNo1 Comment ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 65953 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 463164 PubChem 73192 SMILES O C3O C H 1 C H O C H CO C H O C H 1O c2c O c O c O cc23 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C13H14O9 c14 2 5 8 17 10 19 12 11 21 5 6 3 13 20 22 12 1 4 15 7 16 9 6 18 h1,5,8,10 12,14 19H,2H2 t5 ,8 ,10 ,11 ,12 m0 s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey GDYGAIKPBLFCKR YWQRSDGBSA N MeSHName Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 13 sub H sub 16 sub O sub 9 sub MolarMass 314.24 g mol ExactMass 314.063782 u Appearance Density MeltingPt C BoilingPt C Solubility Norbergenin is a chemical compound. It is the O demethylated derivative of bergenin . It can be isolated from rhizomes of Bergenia stracheyi . ref Immunomodulatory effect of bergenin and norbergenin against adjuvant induced arthritis A flow cytometric study. Nighat Nazira, Surrinder Koulb, Mushtaq A. Qurishia, Sachin C. Tanejab, Sheikh F. Ahmadc, Sarang Banic and Ghulam N. Qazi, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 112, Issue 2, 13 June 2007, pp. 401 405, doi 10.1016 j.jep.2007.02.023 ref References reflist Phenolic acid Category Phenolic acid glycosides Natural phenol stub ... more details
chembox Verifiedfields changed Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 396293096 ImageFile Arbutin structure.svg ImageSize 200px IUPACName 2R,3S,4S,5R,6S 2 Hydroxymethyl 6 4 hydroxyphenoxy oxane 3,4,5 triol OtherNames Arbutoside br Hydroquinone D glucopyranoside Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 389765 ChEMBL Ref ebicite changed EBI ChEMBL 232202 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII C5INA23HXF InChIKey BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ RMPHRYRLBW StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C12H16O7 c13 5 8 9 15 10 16 11 17 12 19 8 18 7 3 1 6 14 2 4 7 h1 4,8 17H,5H2 t8 ,9 ,10 ,11 ,12 m1 s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ RMPHRYRLSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 497 76 7 EINECS PubChem 440936 SMILES c1cc ccc1O O C H 2 C H C H C H C H O2 CO O O O InChI 1 C12H16O7 c13 5 8 9 15 10 16 11 17 12 19 8 18 7 3 1 6 14 2 4 7 h1 4,8 17H,5H2 t8 ,9 ,10 ,11 ,12 m1 s1 RTECS MeSHName ChEBI Ref ebicite changed EBI ChEBI 18305 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG ATCCode prefix ATCCode suffix ATC Supplemental Section2 Chembox Properties C 12 H 16 O 7 Appearance Density MeltingPtC 199.5 Melting notes BoilingPt Boiling notes Solubility SolubleOther Solvent pKa pKb Section7 Chembox Hazards EUClass EUIndex MainHazards NFPA H NFPA F NFPA R NFPA O RPhrases SPhrases RSPhrases FlashPt Autoignition ExploLimits PEL Arbutin is both an ether and a glycoside a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from bearberry plant in the genus Arctostaphylos . It enzyme inhibitor inhibits tyrosinase and thus prevents the formation of melanin . Arbutin is therefore used as a skin lightening agent. Arbutin is found in wheat , and is concentrated in pear skins. It is also found in Bergenia crassifolia . ref cite journal url http notulaebotanicae.ro nbha article viewFile 3108 2947 title Natural Resources Containing Arbutin. Determination of Arbutin in the Leaves of Bergenia crassifolia L. Fritsch. acclimated ... more details
image Loch 4.jpg thumb right 240px Jovibarba globifera syn. Sempervivum globiferum showing larger mother plants hens and smaller, globe shaped offsets chicks , globi . image CommonHouseleek.jpg thumb right 240px Sempervivum tectorum Common Houseleek File Hen & Chicksbloom.JPG thumb 240px Close up of blooms Hen and chicks also known as Hen and chickens is a common name for a group of small succulent plant succulents belonging to the flowering plant family Crassulaceae , native to Europe and northern Africa . They grow close to the ground with leaves formed around each other in a Rosette botany rosette , and propagating by offsets . The hen is the main plant, and the chicks are the offspring, which start as tiny buds on the main plant and soon sprout their own roots, taking up residence close to the mother plant. Hen and chicks is also the popular name of a strain of opium poppy , Papaver somniferum , in which the seed head is surrounded by clusters of smaller heads. Other types Plants commonly referred to as Hens and chicks include ground hugging species of Sempervivum Houseleeks such as Sempervivum Pekinese , Sempervivum arachnoideum Cobweb Houseleek , and Sempervivum tectorum Common Houseleek and the related genus Jovibarba . The name is also used for some species of Echeveria , Sedum and Bergenia although these plants differ significantly from, and should not be confused with, Sempervivum and Jovibarba . The description below provides characteristics of Sempervivum and Jovibarba only. Description Aside from the common morphology, the many species of hen and chicks differ widely in appearance. Colours range from lime green to burgundy to purple, and size varies from as small as 1 cm to as large as 20 cm across. The leaves can be thin and spiky or thick and rounded with a pointed tip. Some, such as Cobweb Houseleek, have fine spiderweb like filaments that grow naturally from leaf edge to leaf edge, forming a white cover on the top of the plant, while others have fin ... more details
, as S. tabularis Bergenia crassifolia , as S. cordifolia, S. crassifolia Bergenia pacumbis , as S. ligulata, S. pacumbis Bergenia purpurascens , as S. delavayi, S. purpurascens Boykinia jamesii , as S. jamesii ... more details
Worker s District, S nggan gun Vegetation Tree Crataegus pinnatifida 121 Bergenia Community of Ch nch n br linktext Mup y ng ri, Ch nch n gun Vegetation Flower Bergenia pacifica ... more details
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