pmc 3002596 ref . The bileacidsequestrant Cholestyramine is used in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections, in order to absorb toxins A and B. Side effects Since bileacid ... bileacidsequestrant journal Heart disease Hagerstown, Md. volume 3 issue 1 pages 63 70 year 2001 ...The bileacid sequestrants are a group of medications used to bind certain components of bile in the Gut zoology gastrointestinal tract . They disrupt the enterohepatic circulation of bileacid s by sequestering ... in the treatment of chronic diarrhea due to bileacid malabsorption . Medical uses Since bile acids are biosynthesized from cholesterol , disruption of bileacid reabsorption will decrease cholesterol ... at the end of the small intestine the ileum . The condition of bileacid malabsorption occurs ... diarrhea is a side effect of gallbladder removal. Bileacid sequestrants may reduce diarrhea in these patients. Bileacid sequestrants may also be used to treat hyperthyroidism as an adjunct therapy. By inhibiting ... since the introduction of the statin s, which are more efficacious than bileacid sequestrants ... of rhabdomyolysis when used with statins . In addition, because bileacid sequestrants are not well ... acid sequestrants. Bileacid sequestrants are the principal therapy for the diarrhea found in bile ... last Walters first JR coauthors Pattni, SS title Managing bileacid diarrhoea journal Therapeutic ... acids, bileacid sequestrants may also bind drugs in the GI tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream. For this reason, it is generally advised that bileacid sequestrants be spaced several ... supplementation may be warranted. Mechanism Bileacid sequestrants are polymer ic compounds that serve as ion exchange resin s. Bileacid sequestrants exchange anion s such as chloride ions for bile .... Thus, bileacid sequestrants, along with any bile acids bound to the drug, are excreted ... treatments medications bileacid.html FDA Heart Health Online BileAcid Sequestrants Bot generated ... more details
. Bileacidsequestrant s bind bile acids in the gut, preventing reabsorption. In so doing, more ...Bile acids are steroid acid s found predominantly in the bile of mammals . Bile salts are bile acids ... acid derivatives of cholic acid represent approximately eighty percent of all bile salts. Bile acids ... acid are all found in human intestinal bile. An increase in bile flow is exhibited with an increased secretion of bile acids. The main function of bileacid is to facilitate the formation of micelles ... In humans, bileacid synthesis begins when hepatocytes liver cells synthesize the two primary bile acids , cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid , ref name Costanzo cite book last Costanzo first ... . This enzyme is down regulated by cholic acid and up regulated by cholesterol. When these two bile ... of them to form the secondary bile acids , deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid . ref name Costanzo ... important acid base properties. The pKa of unconjugated bile acids is 7, and the pH ... in water. Conjugating bile acids with amino acids lowers the pKa of the bileacid amino acid conjugate ... acid itself and amount of bileacid necessary to function in the spontaneous and dynamic formation ... per day and about half of that is used for bileacid synthesis. In total about 20 30 grams of bile ... species, the initial step in the formation of a bileacid is the addition of a 7 alpha hydroxyl group. In the subsequent step, in the conversion from cholesterol to a bileacid, the junction between ... hydroxyl is converted to the alpha orientation. Thus, the default simplest bileacid of 24 carbons .... This bileacid was first isolated from the domestic goose, from which the cheno portion of the name was derived. Citation needed date May 2011 Another bileacid, cholic acid with 3 hydroxyl groups ... bileacid a deoxycholic acid in that it had one fewer hydroxyl group than cholic acid. The 5 ... a functional bileacid. Its chief drawback lies in the ability of intestinal bacteria to remove the 7 ... more details
, a bileacidsequestrant . ref name apt cite journal last Wedlake first L coauthors A Hern ...Bileacid malabsorption is a cause of chronic diarrhea . It can result from malabsorption secondary to gastro intestinal disease or be a primary disorder. Treatment with bileacid sequestrants is often effective. Classification Bileacid malabsorption was first recognized in patients with ileal disease ..., ref cite journal last Thaysen first EH coauthors Pedersen, L title Idiopathic bileacid catharsis ... Malavolti, M title Bileacid induced diarrhoea journal Clinics in gastroenterology year 1986 volume 15 issue 3 pages 567 82 pmid 3742841 ref Type 1 Bileacid malabsorption, secondary to ileal resection, or ileal inflammation e.g. in Crohn s disease Type 2 Idiopathic bileacid malabsorption, Primary bileacid diarrhea Type 3 Secondary to various gastrointestinal diseases including cholecystectomy .... The cytoplasmic ileal bileacid binding protein IBABP, ILBP, gene symbol FABP6 and the basolateral ... enter the portal vein . These bileacid transporters are all highly expressed in the ileum but not in the liver ... Bileacid transporters journal Journal of lipid research year 2009 volume 50 issue 12 pages 2340 57 ... is reduced, the intestine is less efficient at bileacid reabsorption Type 1 bileacid malabsorption ... by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth , absorption is less efficient Type 3 bileacid malabsorption . A very small number of patients with no obvious disease Type 2 bileacid malabsorption ..., PA title Primary bileacid malabsorption caused by mutations in the ileal sodium dependent bile ..., MW, R ssel, P, Dawson, PA, Qvist, P title Absence of dysfunctional ileal sodium bileacid cotransporter gene mutations in patients with adult onset idiopathic bileacid malabsorption journal Scandinavian ... 003655201750422693 ref Overproduction of bile acids Primary bileacid diarrhea Type 2 bileacid malabsorption ... title Chronic diarrhea caused by idiopathic bileacid malabsorption an explanation at last journal ... more details
Infobox protein family Symbol SBF Name SBF image width caption Pfam PF01758 Pfam clan CL0064 InterPro IPR002657 SMART PROSITE MEROPS SCOP TCDB 2.A.28 OPM family 253 OPM protein 3zuy CAZy CDD This protein family family of proteins are found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes . They are related to the Homo sapiens human bile acid sodium symporters, which are transmembrane proteins functioning in the liver in the uptake of bile acid s from portal blood plasma, a process mediated by the co transport of Na sup sup . ref name pmid1961729 cite journal author Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Foguet M, Labbert H, Meier PJ title Functional expression cloning and characterization of the hepatocyte Na bile acid cotransport system journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 88 issue 23 pages 10629 33 year 1991 month December pmid 1961729 pmc 52983 doi url ref References reflist InterPro content IPR002657 Category Protein families Category Transmembrane transporters ... more details
enzyme Name Bileacid CoA hydrolase EC number 3.1.2.26 CAS number IUBMB EC number 3 1 2 26 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a bileacid CoA hydrolase EC number 3.1.2.26 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction deoxycholoyl CoA H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math CoA deoxycholate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are deoxycholoyl CoA and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and deoxycholate . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, specifically those acting on thioester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is deoxycholoyl CoA hydrolase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ye HQ, Mallonee DH, Wells JE, Bjorkhem I, Hylemon PB date 1999 title The bileacid inducible baiF gene from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 encodes a bileacid coenzyme A hydrolase journal J. Lipid. Res. volume 40 pages 17&ndash 23 pmid 9869646 issue 1 hydrolase stub Category EC 3.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name Bileacid 7alpha dehydratase EC number 4.2.1.106 CAS number IUBMB EC number 4 2 1 106 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a bileacid 7alpha dehydratase EC number 4.2.1.106 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate math rightleftharpoons math 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate H sub 2 sub O Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate , and two product chemistry products , 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the hydro lyases, which cleave carbon oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate hydro lyase 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate forming . This enzyme is also called 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate hydro lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Dawson JA, Mallonee DH, Bjorkhem I, Hylemon PB date 1996 title Expression and characterization of a C24 bileacid 7 alpha dehydratase from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 in Escherichia coli journal J. Lipid. Res. volume 37 pages 1258&ndash 67 pmid 8808760 issue 6 4.2 enzyme stub Category EC 4.2.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A sequestrant is a food additive its role in food is to improve the quality and stability of the food products. Sequestrants form chelate complexes with polyvalent metal ions, especially copper , iron and nickel , which serve as catalysts in the oxidation of the fats in the food. Sequestrants are a kind of preservative . The name comes from Latin and means to withdraw from use Citation needed date September 2008 . Common sequestrants are Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate E385 Glucono delta lactone E575 Sodium gluconate E576 Potassium gluconate E577 Sodium tripolyphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate E452i Sodium and calcium salts of EDTA are also commonly used in many foods and beverages. Category Food additives Category Article Feedback 5 Ingredient stub fr S questrant it sequestrante lt Atskyriklis vi Ph gia c l p ... more details
of bileacid CoA amino acid N acyltransferase from human liver journal J. Biol. Chem ... bileacid CoA ligase journal J. Lipid. Res. volume 43 pages 2062&ndash 71 pmid 12454267 doi 10.1194 ... bileacid CoA amino acid N acyltransferase expression, characterization, and peroxisomal localization ... bileacid CoA amino acid N acyltransferase functions in the conjugation of fatty acids to glycine ... more details
PBB geneid 151306 The G protein coupled bileacid receptor is a G protein coupled receptor which binds bile acids. ref name pmid12524422 cite journal author Kawamata Y, Fujii R, Hosoya M, Harada M, Yoshida H, Miwa M, Fukusumi S, Habata Y, Itoh T, Shintani Y, Hinuma S, Fujisawa Y, Fujino M title A G protein coupled receptor responsive to bile acids journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 278 issue 11 pages 9435 40 year 2003 pmid 12524422 doi 10.1074 jbc.M209706200 ref One effect of this receptor is to activate deiodinases which convert the prohormone thyroxine T sub 4 sub to the active hormone triiodothyronine T sub 3 sub . T sub 3 sub in turn activates the thyroid hormone receptor which increases metabolic rate . ref name pmid16400329 cite journal author Watanabe M, Houten SM, Mataki C, Christoffolete ... entrez cite web title Entrez Gene GPBAR1 G protein coupled bileacid receptor 1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... of membrane type bileacid receptor M BAR TGR5 in bileacid induced activation of epidermal ... web url http www.iuphar db.org GPCR ChapterMenuForward?chapterID 1332 title BileAcid Receptor accessdate ... Bile acids induce energy expenditure by promoting intracellular thyroid hormone activation journal ... name pmid16437098 cite journal author Baxter JD, Webb P title Metabolism bile acids heat things up ... receptor GPCR superfamily. This protein functions as a cell surface receptor for bile acids. Treatment of cells expressing this GPCR with bile acids induces the production of intracellular cAMP, activation ... in the suppression of macrophage functions and regulation of energy homeostasis by bile acids ... of membrane type receptor for bile acids M BAR . journal Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. volume ... Kawamata Y, Fujii R, Hosoya M, et al. title A G protein coupled receptor responsive to bile acids ... gr.2596504 pmc 528928 cite journal author Watanabe M, Houten SM, Mataki C, et al. title Bile ... bile salt receptor TGR5 is expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. journal Hepatology volume ... more details
Lithocholic acid acsv.svg Lithocholic acid gallery center See also BileacidsequestrantBile bear ... . In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum . Bile is a composition of the following materials water 85 , Bileacidbile salts 10 , mucus ...Image Cholestasis 2 high mag.jpg thumb 225px Bile yellow material in a liver biopsy in the setting of bile stasis, i.e. cholestasis . H&E stain File Lipid and bile salts.svg right 225px thumb Action of bile salts in digestion Bile or gall is a bitter tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced ... between Four humors four humors or vital fluids blood , phlegm , yellow bile or choler and black bile . Excesses of the last two humors were thought to produce aggression and depression, respectively ... . Those same theories explain the derivation of the English word bilious from bile , and the meaning of gall in English as exasperation or impudence . Physiological functions Bile acts to some extent as a surfactant , helping to emulsification emulsify the fats in the food. Bile salt anion ... and other phospholipids that compose bile, and this charge prevents fat droplets coated with bile ..., and is able to reach the fatty core through gaps between the bile salts. A triglyceride is broken ..., then absorbed into the lymphatic system through lacteals. Without bile salts, most of the lipids in the food would be passed out in feces, undigested. Since bile increases the absorption of fats ... s vitamin D D , Tocopherol E , vitamin K K and vitamin A A . Besides its digestive function, bile serves ... by the liver. Bilirubin derives from haemoglobin by glucuronidation . The alkaline bile also has the function of neutralizing any excess stomach acid before it enters the ileum , the final section of the small intestine. Bile salts also act as bactericide s, destroying many of the microbes that may be present in the food. Bile soap Bile from slaughtered animals can be mixed with soap . This mixture ... more details
bile and in the bile of all mammals is Ursodiol ursodeoxycholic acid UDCA . Before the manufacture ...File Bile bear.jpg right thumb A bile bear in a crush cage on Huizhou Farm, China. ref name AAPN cite web author url http www.aapn.org endangered.html Bile 20Bears title Endangered and Abused Wild Animals ... Network date accessdate 18 December 2011 ref Bile bears or battery bears are Asian black bear s kept ... bile farm in Laos.html ref and Vietnam ref name BBC cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi science ... Richard last Black ref to harvest bile , a digestive juice produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder . When extracted, the bears bile is a valuable commodity for sale as an ingredient in traditional ... . Living conditions File Sun Bear bile extration 01.jpg thumb right Bears are commonly kept in extraction cages To facilitate the bile milking process, the bears are commonly kept in extraction cages ... BearBileFarming.htm Bile Bear Report. ref The Chinese media reported an incident in which a mother ... 5 August 2011 ref In two model Chinese bile farms, the Humane Society of the United States HSUS reports ... sent researchers to 11 bile farms. ref name HSUS They reported seeing bears moaning, banging their heads against their cages, and chewing their own paws. The mortality rate is high. Bile bears suffer ... the bears stop producing bile after a few years, they are usually killed for their meat, fur, paws ... HSUS Extraction methods According to the HSUS, the bile is usually extracted twice a day through an implanted tube, producing 10 20 mL of bile each time the process is believed to be painful, as the bears ... HSUS writes that bile bears are still seen with catheters in them. ref name HSUS http www.hsus.org wildlife issues facing wildlife wildlife trade the unbearable trade in bear parts and bile The Unbearable Trade in Bear Parts and Bile , Humane Society of the United States, accessed July 31, 2009. ref ... and gall bladder, from which bile drips out freely. The wound is vulnerable to infection and bile ... more details
Bile may refer to Bile or gall , a greenish yellow alkaline fluid secreted from the liver of most vertebrates Bile band Bile band , a New York industrial metal band Abdi Bile , a Somali people Somali former World champion middle distance runner Black bile or Yellow bile , two of the humours in the historical medical theory of humours see Humourism Bile may also refer to Belenus , a god of Celtic mythology Birecik , Turkey, a city called Bile during the Crusades William I of Bimbia birthname BileBile as a slang term can mean something hateful or demeaning, whereas gall is synonymous with audacity. disambig fr Bile homonymie ... more details
RELEASED 5 16 2000 LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Dubbed as Krztoff s solo cd. Produced, mixed, and mastered by Krztoff during the Sex Reflex sessions that didn t quite fit into the Bile realm. Love Stinks written by Peter Wolf and Seth Justman. Demonic Electronic 2002 2003 Bile Style The Devil s Bile Legion Demonic Electronic Celebrity Prime Time Loser Bad Karma The Hatred Acid Buried ... See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Bile image caption image size background group or band ... label Energy Records 1994 &ndash 2000 br Bile Style 2000 &ndash present associated acts website current ... notable instruments Bile is an industrial metal project based in the New York City, USA area ..., Energy folded, inciting Bile to regroup and record for their own label, Bile Style . Bile recorded ... live, Bile usually consists of Krztoff vocals, guitar , R. H. Bear bass, effects , live guitarist Dave ... Life With the Thrill Kill Kult . Bile is currently working on their new CD Hate Radio , which will slowly be released through their MySpace page, and with an official CD release in 2009 Bile is currently ... 2000 2003 Bile Style World War Four Betty Page Wet Dream Sex Reflex There Is No You and Me To Belong ... LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Produced, mixed, mastered, recorded, and engineered by Krztoff ..., and exclusion of the track Manchurian Candy Date. Nightmare Before Krztoff 2000 2003 Bile Style .... LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Demonic Electronic was written, performed, produced, recorded ... Machine 2002 Bile Style Clones We re All Do You Wanna Touch Me There Oh Yeah We Got The Beat Love ... 10 2002 LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO A collection of Bile s cover songs. All songs recorded ... Frankenhole Frankenhole 2003 Bile Style Disc One Head Burnt Ura Fucking Loser I Reject Feeling Like ... This Pt. 3 You Can t Love This Pt. 4 Solitude Is Bliss RELEASED 11 18 2003 LABEL Bile Style Records ... of Bile s first two albums, Suckpump and Teknowhore. All songs written, recorded, mixed, mastered ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray1094.png Caption Bile capillaries of rabbit. shown by Golgi s method. X 450. Image2 Caption2 System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName Bile canaliculi MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 04 DorlandsSuf 12208377 Bile canaliculus plural bile canaliculi also called bile capillaries is a thin tube that collects bile secreted by hepatocytes . The bile canaliculi merge and form bile ductules, which eventually become common hepatic duct . Hepatocytes are polyhedra polyhedral in shape, therefore having no set shape or design. They have surfaces facing the Liver sinusoid sinusoids , called sinusoidal faces and surfaces which contact other hepatocytes, called lateral faces . Bile canaliculi are formed by grooves on some of the lateral faces of these hepatocytes . Microvilli are present in the canaliculi but are sparse. External links MeshName Bile Canaliculi UIUCHistologySubject 421 BUHistology 15301loa Category Hepatology digestive stub Digestive glands it Canalicolo biliare ja ... more details
Infobox language name Bile states Nigeria region Adamawa State speakers 30,000 date 1992 ethnicity familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid fam5 Southern Bantoid fam6 Bantu languages Bantu ? Bantu Zone A Zone A fam7 Mbam languages Mbam fam8 Jarawan languages Jarawan fam9 Nigerian Jarawan fam10 Numan iso3 bil Bile is one of the Bantoid Jarawan languages of Nigeria . Category Jarawan languages lang stub de Bile Sprache hr Bile jezik sw Kibile pms Lenga Bile ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Bile duct Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Digestive system showing bile duct.png Caption Digestive system diagram showing the bile duct Image2 ERCP Roentgen.jpg Caption2 ERCP image ... DorlandsPre d 29 DorlandsSuf 12313926 Bile ducts and pancreas A bile duct is any of a number of long tube like structures that carry bile . Bile, required for the digestion of food, is secreted by the liver into passages that carry bile toward the hepatic duct , which joins with the cystic duct carrying bile to and from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct , which opens into the intestine ... the liver. The path is as follows Bile canaliculi Canals of Hering interlobular bile ducts intrahepatic bile ducts left and right hepatic ducts merge to form common hepatic duct exits liver and joins cystic duct from gall bladder forming common bile duct joins with pancreatic duct forming ampulla of Vater enters duodenum Common bile duct Bile duct is green like the gallbladder, because of bile stains. Pathology Blockage of the bile duct by a cancer , gallstones, or scarring from injury prevents the bile from being transported to the intestine and the active ingredient in the bile bilirubin instead ... cancer , which causes blockage of the bile duct passing through the cancerous portion of the pancreas cholangiocarcinoma , cancer of the bile ducts blockage by a stone in patients with gallstone s and from scarring after injury to the bile duct during gallbladder removal. Sensation Inflation of a balloon in the bile duct causes through the vagus nerve , activation of the brain stem and the insular ... of cerebral response to balloon distention of the bile duct. World J Gastroenterol. 16 14 1772 ... in the bile duct, either permanently or as a temporary solution before definite treatment such as surgery ... radiology . A biliary drain can also be used to take bile samples for diagnostic workup ... with biliary atresia , hepatoportoenterostomy is an alternative method of providing bile drainage ... more details
Infobox River river name Bile River image name image size caption origin mouth basin countries Guam length elevation mouth elevation discharge watershed The Bile River is a river in Guam . See also List of rivers of Guam References http geonames.usgs.gov pls gnispublic USGS Geographic Names Information Service Guam geo stub Category Rivers of Guam coord missing Guam ... more details
Infobox athlete name Abdi Bile image imagesize Only for images narrower than 220 pixels caption fullname nicknames nationality flagcountry SOM sport Running event 800 metres br 1500 metres club collegeteam birth date birth date and age 1962 12 28 birth place Las Anod , Sool residence death date death place height convert 1.85 m ftin weight convert 75 kg lb medaltemplates Abdi Bile lang so , Cabdi Bille Cabdi, born December 28, 1962 is a former middle distance track event middle distance runner. He was born in Las Anod , Somalia . In 1987 he became world champion in the 1500 metres , the first Somali to do so. Career Bile won the 1500 m World Championship in 1987, running the final 800 m of the race in 1 46.0, the fastest final 800 m of any 1,500 meter race in history. He was a two time Olympian 1984 and 1996 and dominated the event in the late 1980s. Bile was ranked first in the world at the mile distance in 1989. He was World Cup champion in the 1500 m in 1989 and two time world Grand Prix final champion. Bile graduated from George Mason University with a BS in marketing management. At George Mason, Bile was team captain and a two time NCAA Division I 1,500 meter champion, winning his first title in 1985 3 41.2 and the second in 1987 3 35.79 . He also won many conference titles and held the inter collegiate 1500 m record for more than ten years. He was coached by John Cook, the former coach of 2008 Olympic 10,000 meter bronze medalist Shalane ... 1500 m final. Bile has traveled widely and has inspired many young people and helped several humanitarian ... WBYP 1500m Men Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Abdi Bile ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT ... DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Abdi Bile Category 1962 births Category Living people Category ... Olympic athletes of Somalia ca Abdi Bile da Abdi Bile de Abdi Bile fr Abdi Bile it Abdi Bile no Abdi Bile pl Abdi Bile pt Abdi Bile so Cabdi Bile Cabdi fi Abdi Bile sv Abdi Bile ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best of Bile Type greatest Longtype Artist Bile band Bile Cover Released October 12, 2004 Recorded Genre Industrial music Industrial Length Label Underground Inc Producer Reviews Last album Frankenhole The Reanimation of Dead Tissue This album Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best of Bile Next album Hate Radio Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best Of Bile is a compilation of fan favorite tracks by the New York based industrial band Bile band Bile . 1. Get Out br 2. No One I Call Friend br 3. In League br 4. Legion br 5. I Reject br 6. Weather Control br 7. Sex Reflex br 8. Jerk br 9. Ura Fucking Loser br 10. Teknowhore br 11. Betty Page br 12. Devils Bile br 13. Celebrity DEFAULTSORT Regurge A Bucket Of Bile, Best Of Category Bile albums Category 2004 greatest hits albums 2000s electronic album stub ... more details
refimprove date April 2010 Vanishing bile duct syndrome is a loose collection of diseases which leads to the injury to hepatic bile ducts and eventual ductopenia . ref cite journal author Reau NS, Jensen DM title Vanishing bile duct syndrome journal Clin Liver Dis volume 12 issue 1 pages 203 17, x year 2008 month February pmid 18242505 doi 10.1016 j.cld.2007.11.007 url ref Etiology Congenital Developmental In fetal and neonatal life the ductal plates are remodeled. The malformations can be atretic or fibrocystic. Atretic causes Extrahepatic bile duct atresia Fibrocystic causes Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Congential hepatic fibrosis Caroli s disease Von Meyenburg complex Chromosomal associations Trisomy 17, 18 and 21 Genetic associations Cystic fibrosis Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency Trihydroxycoprostanic acidemia Byler s disease Immunologic associations Bile duct injury and loss can result from autoimmune destruction. T cells recognize biliary epithelial cell antigens causing injury and eventual atresia. Other causes Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Hodgkin s disease Chronic graft versus host disease Drugs Toxins Ischemia Clinical presentation The presentation is dependant upon the underlying etiology. The course can be rapid or chronic. Symptoms Fatigue Anorexia Abdominal pain Weight loss Pruritus Signs Hyperlipidemia Malabsorption Fat soluble vitamin deficiencies Elevated alkaline phosphatase Elevated gamma glutamyltransferase Elevated conjugated bilirubin Treatment Treatment is dependent upon the underlying etiology. Treatment is supportive as it is not possible to induce regrowth of lost ducts. Medical therapies Ursodeoxycholic acid Immunosuppression General consensus is that more studies are needed before this can be considered Organ transplant References Reflist External links http www.utdol.com patients content topic.do?topicKey 1kvvp.E6r b5ok&source HISTORY Uptodate Hepatic ductopenia and vanishing bile duct syndrome ... more details
Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name This Is Acid Cover Cover size Caption Artist Maurice Joshua Maurice with Hot Hands Hula from Album A side B side Released 1988 Format Gramophone record 12 Recorded 1987 citation needed date February 2011 Genre Electronic dance music Electronica Acid House Length 4 38 Radio edit version ref It was the Les Adams K&T Remix that was the hit the radio edit of this mix was 4 38 and the 12 version was 6 22. ref Label A&M Records Vendetta A&M Records Writer Hula Mahone , Lidell Townsell Producer Hot Hands Hula, Les Adams Certification Last single This single Next single Misc This Is Acid , also known by its full title, This Is Acid A New Dance Craze , is the name of a 1 Billboard magazine Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart single by Chicago house music DJ and producer Maurice Joshua , who recorded the track under his first name Maurice. It reached the top spot in April 1989 and stayed there for two weeks. ref Joel Whitburn Whitburn, Joel 2004 . Hot Dance Disco 1974 2003 , Record Research Inc. ref The song contains spoken lyrics performed by male singer Hot Hands Hula Mahone. The lyrics introduce the listener to the acid house sound. Versions ... cite web url http www.discogs.com Maurice This Is Acid master 85253 title This Is Acid master release .... Legacy This Is Acid A New Dance Craze was Joshua s only hit single, but he did go on to be a Grammy Award winning producer and remixer. This Is Acid was cover version covered by Germany German ... Records TX169 A1 I Gotta Big Dick 6 20 A2 I Gotta Big Dick Instrumental 5 23 B1 This Is Acid 4 56 B2 Feel the Mood 4 15 12 Maxi US on Maurice This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Vendetta Records VE 7016 A1 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze S & T Mix 7 22 A2 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Deep Dub 5 58 B This Is Acid ... Hot Dance Club Songs number one singles Category Acid house songs Category Electronic songs Category House music songs Category Spoken word Category Techno songs it This Is Acid ... more details
Other uses Acid disambiguation Refimprove date March 2008 Expert subject Computer science date August 2009 In computer science , ACID Atomicity database systems atomicity , Consistency database systems consistency , Isolation database systems isolation , Durability database systems durability is a set of properties that guarantee that database transaction s are processed reliably. In the context of database s, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even though that might involve multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another , is a single transaction. Jim Gray computer scientist Jim Gray defined these properties of a reliable transaction system in the late 1970s and developed technologies to automatically achieve them. ref cite web url http www.microsoft.com presspass features 1998 11 23gray.mspx title Gray to be Honored With A. M. Turing Award This Spring date 1998 11 23 accessdate ... no ref In 1983, Andreas Reuter and Theo H rder coined the acronym ACID to describe them. ref cite ..., isolation, and durability ACID , describe the major highlights of the transaction paradigm, which has ..., since their sequence, and hence the outcome, might be unpredictable. This property of ACID ... The following examples are used to further explain the ACID properties. In these examples, the database ... locking to provide ACID capabilities. Locking means that the transaction marks the data that it accesses ... the isolation property, namely snapshot isolation . Distributed transactions Guaranteeing ACID properties ... 1 55860 190 2. refend Databases DEFAULTSORT Acid Category Database management systems Category Transaction processing Category Concurrency control ar ACID ca ACID da ACID Transaktion de ACID fr Propri t s ACID el ACID es ACID ko ACID it ACID he ACID hu ACID nl ACID ja ACID pl ACID pt ACID ru ACID simple ACID fi ACID ta , , , uk ACID vi ACID zh ACID ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Common bile duct Latin ductus choledochus GraySubject 250 GrayPage 1198 Image Digestive system showing bile duct.png Caption Digestive system diagram showing the common bile duct System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre d 29 DorlandsSuf 12314771 Bile ducts and pancreas The common bile duct ductus choledochus is a tube like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract . It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct from the gall bladder . It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla . There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi . When the sphincter of Oddi is closed, newly synthesized bile from the liver is forced into storage in the gall bladder. When open, the stored and concentrated bile exits into the duodenum . This conduction of bile is the main function of the common bile duct. The hormone cholecystokinin , when stimulated by a fatty meal, promotes bile secretion by increased production of hepatic bile, contraction of the gall bladder, and relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi. Several problems can arise within the common bile duct. If clogged by a gallstone , a condition called choledocholithiasis can result. In this clogged state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis . Very rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations 4 cm , choledochoceles cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater 3 8 cm , and biliary atresia ... tumor. Image Gray1095 gall bladder.png The gall bladder and bile ducts laid open. Image Illu ... of the duodenum, showing bile papilla. Image Gray1086 liver.PNG Inferior surface of the liver. Image ... and extrahepatic bile ducts. SUNYAnatomyImage 8 3 36 SUNYAnatomyImage 7 9 57 NormanAnatomy liver NormanAnatomyFig biliarysystem Digestive glands DEFAULTSORT Common Bile Duct Category Digestive ... biliar com n fr Canal chol doque hr Glavni u ovod it Coledoco pam Common bile duct la Ductus ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Accessory bile duct Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf An accessory bile duct is a wikt conduit conduit that transports bile and is considered to be supernumerary body part supernumerary or auxiliary to the biliary tree . ref EMedicineDictionary accessory ref It may be described by its location relative to the gallbladder as supravesicular ref name sharif cite journal author Sharif K, de Ville de Goyet J title Bile duct of Luschka leading to bile leak after cholecystectomy revisiting the biliary anatomy journal J. Pediatr. Surg. volume 38 issue 11 pages E21 3 year 2003 month November pmid 14614740 doi 10.1016 j.jpedsurg.2003.08.008 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0022346803005980 ref ref name mcquillan cite journal author McQuillan T, Manolas SG, Hayman JA, Kune GA title Surgical significance of the bile duct of Luschka journal Br J Surg volume 76 ... al. title A study of the subvesical bile duct duct of Luschka in resected liver specimens journal World ... 0469 z url ref ref name spanos cite journal author Spanos CP, Syrakos T title Bile leaks from the duct ... to an accessory bile duct that does not communicate with the gallbladder lumen. The term is ambiguous ... cystic duct s are excluded from the definition of duct of Luschka however, they are accessory bile ... of a bile leak or biliary peritonitis after cholecystectomy in both adults and children. If an accessory bile duct goes unrecognized at the time of the gallbladder removal, 5 7 days post operative the patient will develop bile peritonitis , Fact date April 2008 an easily treatable complication with a morbidity rate of 44 if left untreated. Often diagnosed by HIDA scan , a bile leak from an accessory bile duct post op can be treated with a temporary biliary stent Fact date April 2008 to redirect the bile from the liver into the intestine and allow the accessory duct to spontaneously seal themselves ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Bile ducts and pancreas Intrahepatic bile ducts compose the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver . They can be divided into ref name MacSweenBurt2007 cite book author1 Roderick N. M. MacSween author2 Alastair D. Burt author3 Bernard Portmann coauthors Linda D. Ferrell title MacSween s pathology of the liver url http books.google.com books?id 08a3FiePGGQC&pg PA518 accessdate 27 June 2010 year 2007 publisher Elsevier Health Sciences isbn 9780443100123 pages 518 ref Hepatic duct Lobar ducts right and left hepatic ducts stratified columnar epithelium. Interlobar ducts between the main hepatic ducts and the interlobular ducts pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Interlobular bile ducts between the interlobar ducts and the lobules simple columnar epithelium. Intralobular bile ducts cholangioles or Canals of Hering simple cuboidal epithelium, then by hepatocytes Bile canaliculi two half canaliculi formed by the hepatocytes facing the perisinusoidal space Reflist Digestive glands Use dmy dates date February 2011 DEFAULTSORT Intrahepatic Bile Ducts Category Hepatology Digestive stub ... more details
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