Infobox journal cover Image Biology direct.png center discipline Biology abbreviation Biol. Direct editor Eugene Koonin , Laura Landweber , David J. Lipman website http www.biology direct.com publisher BioMed Central country ISSN 1745 6150 impact 3.740 impact year 2010 BiologyDirect is an online Open access publishing open access scientific journal that publishes original, Peer review peer reviewed research papers and hypotheses in biology . The journal is published by BioMed Central . The journal follows a peer review system which is different from the traditional peer review system. Based on the information presented on their website BiologyDirect s key aim is to provide authors and readers with an alternative to the traditional model of peer review . This includes making the author responsible for obtaining reviewer s reports via the journal s editorial board , making the peer review process Peer review Dynamic and open peer review open rather than Anonymity anonymous , and making the reviewers reports public, thus increasing the responsibility of the referees and eliminating sources of Peer review Abuse of inside information by reviewers abuse in the refereeing process. ref name one http www.biology direct.com info about About BiologyDirect ref References Reflist External links Official http www.biology direct.com sci journal stub Category BioMed Central academic journals Category Biology journals Category English language journals ... more details
Wiktionary Direct may refer to Direct current , a direct flow of electricity Direct examination , the in trial questioning of a witness by the party who has called him or her to testify Direct sum of modules , a construction in abstract algebra which combines several vector spaces Direct Vangelis album Direct Vangelis album , 1988 album by Vangelis Direct EP Direct EP , a 2002 EP by The 77s Direct Tower of Power album Direct Tower of Power album , 1981 DirectX , a proprietary dynamic media platform Mars Direct , a proposal for a manned mission to Mars DIRECT , a proposed space shuttle derived launch vehicle Computing Direct access disambiguation , a method of accessing data in a database Direct connect disambiguation , various methods of telecommunications and computer networking Direct memory access , access to memory by hardware subsystems independently of the CPU Mathematics Directed set , in order theory Direct limit of pre , sheaves See also Direction disambiguation Director disambiguation Indirect disambiguation lookfrom intitle disambiguation fr Direct nl Direct sv Direct ... more details
Other uses Direct disambiguation For the rockets proposed as part of the DIRECT architecture Jupiter rocket family DIRECT is a proposed alternative heavy lift launch vehicle architecture supporting NASA ... and the Helios space stations and the Artemis crew cargo ship. DIRECT is advocated by a group of space ... 10 alt September 2008 , the DIRECT Team was said to consist of 69 members, ref cite web url http ... represent the group. The project name DIRECT refers to a philosophy of maximizing the re use of hardware and facilities already in place for the Space Shuttle program STS , hence a direct transition. The DIRECT Team asserts that using this approach to develop and operate a family of high commonality .... Three major versions of the DIRECT proposal have been released with the latest, Version 3.0, having ... Vehicle , the DIRECT Team has declared success of their effort. They have since announced the formation ... obama signs nasa bill.html ref ref http www.launchcomplexmodels.com Direct documents Direct Team ... DIRECT advocates developing a single, high commonality family of rockets named Jupiter, adapted closely ... for Ares V. DIRECT have specified existing components for their launch vehicles, but contend ... are possible, but the DIRECT version 3.0 proposal, released in May 2009, recommends two the Jupiter ... Earth orbit . ref name direct v3 specs cite web title Jupiter Launch Vehicle Technical Performance Summaries url http www.launchcomplexmodels.com Direct media.htm archiveurl http www.launchcomplexmodels.com Direct documents Baseball Cards archivedate 2009 06 08 accessdate 2009 07 18 ref Proposed ... I . The DIRECT Team has suggested a number of extra missions which would be enabled by Jupiter in their proposal, ref cite web url http www.directlauncher.com documents DIRECT Presentation 080703.pps title DIRECT Presentation work The DIRECT Team date 3 July 2008 ref including New ISS resupply missions ... a human crew to fly around the moon as early as 2013 The DIRECT team asserts that these additional ... more details
Other uses pp semi protected small yes pp move indef File Biology organism collage.png thumb 300px Biology ... , and Brachypelma smithi science Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life ... glossary.html Aquarena Wetlands Project glossary of terms. ref Biology is a vast subject containing ... that can be said to be the fundamental axioms of modern biology ref name avila biology cite book author Avila, Vernon L. title Biology Investigating life on earth publisher Jones and Bartlett location ... and constant condition Living organisms consume and transform energy . Subdisciplines of biology ... them biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life molecular biology studies the complex interactions of systems of biological molecules cellular biology examines the basic building block of all life, the cell biology cell physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of the tissue biology tissues , Organ anatomy organs , and organ system s of an organism and ecology examines ... History of biology File Tree of life by Haeckel.jpg thumb Ernst Haeckel s Tree of Life 1879 The term wikt biologybiology is derived from the Greek Language Greek word lang grc wikt , bios ... of amphibians by deletion of the initial amphi . Although biology in its modern form is a relatively ... subcontinent , and China . However, the origins of modern biology and its approach to the study ... 384 BC 322 BC who contributed most extensively to the development of biology. Especially important ... Islamic world who wrote on biology included al Jahiz 781 869 , Al Dinawari 828 896 , who wrote ... hierarchy of life. Biology began to quickly develop and grow with Antony van Leeuwenhoek s dramatic ... to the central importance of the cell biology cell . In 1838 and 1839, Matthias Jakob Schleiden ... as cell theory . ref Sapp, Genesis , chapter 7 Coleman, Biology in the Nineteenth Century ... genetics . From the 1950s to present times, biology has been vastly extended in the molecular ... more details
Direct repeats are a type of genetic sequence that consists of two or more repeats of a specific sequence. ref name Ussery2008 cite book title Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics Bioinformatics for Microbiologists chapter Word Frequencies, Repeats, and Repeat related Structures in Bacterial Genomes series Computational Biology volume 8 page 133 144 first1 David W. last1 Ussery first2 Trudy last2 Wassenaar first3 Stefano last3 Borini publisher Springer edition 1 date 2008 12 22 isbn 978 1 84800 254 8 ref Direct repeats are nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome . There are several types of repeated sequences. Interspersed or dispersed DNA repeats interspersed repetitive sequences are copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome. Flanking or terminal repeats terminal repeat sequences are sequences that are repeated on both ends of a sequence, for example, the long terminal repeat Long terminal repeats LTRs on retroviruses . Direct terminal repeats are in the same direction and inverted terminal repeats are opposite to each other in direction. Tandem repeats tandem repeat sequences are repeated copies which lie adjacent to each other. These can also be direct or inverted repeats . The ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA genes belong to the class of middle repetitive DNA. See also inverted repeat References reflist genetics stub Repeated sequence Category Repetitive DNA sequences Category Genetics ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Membrane biology is the study of the Biology biological and Biochemistry physiochemical characteristics of Biological membrane membranes . DEFAULTSORT Membrane Biology Category Membrane biologyBiology stub ... more details
The term Direct coupled or Direct coupled may refer to Direct coupled amplifier Direct coupled transistor logic Direct coupled applied to an engine , indicates that the engine drives a machine directly without intervening belts, chains or gears disambig ... more details
Animal biology may refer to Animal Biology journal Animal Biology journal , a scientific journal Zoology , the branch of biology that studies animals disambiguation ... more details
saved book title Biology subtitle An introduction cover image SEM blood cells.jpg cover color Biology An introduction Main article Biology Research Molecular biology Cell biology Genetics Developmental biology Physiology Anatomy Evolution Modern evolutionary synthesis Natural selection Taxonomy Ecology Ethology Behavior Biogeography Biochemistry DEFAULTSORT Biology Category Wikipedia books on biologyBiology ... more details
Direct deposit also known as Direct credit is a banking term used to refer to certain payment system s used to transfer money where a payment is initiated by the payer not the payee, namely In Europe, the giro system In Nigeria, by the Nigeria Interbank Settlement System, NIBSS In the United States, the Automated Clearing House In Australia, Direct debit Australia Direct Debit and Direct Deposit are performed through the Financial system in Australia Direct Entry Direct Entry network. disambig ... more details
Wiktionary biologyBiology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms. Biology may also refer to Biology The Unity and Diversity of Life , a college level textbook compiled by Cecie Starr and Ralph Taggart Biology , a textbook by Neil Campbell scientist Neil Campbell , first published in 1987 Biology band , an American rock indie band Biology song Biology song , a song by Girls Aloud See also Biosciences disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
Direct method may refer to Direct method education for learning a foreign language Direct method computational mathematics as opposed to iterative method Direct methods crystallography for estimating the phases of the Fourier transform of the scattering density from the corresponding magnitudes Direct method in calculus of variations for constructing a proof of the existence of a minimizer for a given functional Direct method accounting as opposed to indirect method for calculating cash flows Disambig ... more details
Direct Access may refer to DirectAccess , a network technology in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 Random access Direct access , a concept in computer science Direct Access Archive , a proprietary file format Direct access storage device , a secondary computer storage device Direct Access Test Unit , special numbers used to test telephone exchanges Direct access trading , a technology for stock trading Direct Access Scheme is a type of motorcycle training in the United Kingdom Direct Access, an email marketing service that targets Government buyers and is offered by Coley & Associates, Inc. Direct Access, an antiquated DOS menu program by Delta Technology International. Disambiguation ... more details
Direct Hit may refer to Direct Hit Technologies , a Boston based search engine company acquired by Ask Jeeves in January 2000 Direct Hit Records , a record label and store based in Dallas, Texas Direct Hit film Direct Hit film , a 1994 film starring William Forsythe Direct Hit, a single from the album It s a Bit Complicated by British band Art Brut See also DirectHit , a pharmacodiagnostic test used to determine the tumor sensitivity or resistance to drug regimens Direct Hit Operation Dead Ball , an episode of the 1977 1980 Japanese animated television series Lupin III Part II Direct Hits , the first U.K. compilation album released by The Who The Best of Collin Raye Direct Hits , country singer Collin Raye s first greatest hits album disambiguation ... more details
Quantum biology refers to applications of quantum mechanics to biological objects and problems. Usually, it is taken to refer to applications of the non trivial quantum features such as quantum superposition superposition , nonlocality , quantum entanglement entanglement and quantum tunneling tunneling , as opposed to the trivial applications such as chemical bonding which apply to biology only indirectly by dictating quantum chemistry . Erwin Schr dinger is one of the first scientists to suggest a study of quantum biology in his 1946 book What is Life? Applications Many biological processes involve the conversion of energy into forms that are usable for chemical transformations and are quantum mechanical in nature. Such processes involve chemical reactions , light absorption , formation of Excited state excited electronic states , Exciton transfer of excitation energy , and the transfer of electrons and protons hydrogen ion s in chemical processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration. ref Quantum Biology. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group. http www.ks.uiuc.edu Research quantum biology ref Quantum biology uses computation to model biological interactions in light of quantum mechanical effects. ref http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2007 01 070116133617.htm Science Daily Quantum Biology Powerful Computer Models Reveal Key Biological Mechanism Retrieved Oct 14, 2007 ref Some examples of the biological phenomena ... M. Bezrukov , and Hans Frauenfelder , Plenary debate quantum effects in biology trivial or not? Fluctuation ... 2011 110615 full 474272a.html Physics of life The dawn of quantum biology , Nature 474 2011 , 272 ... . Biol Direct . 3 , pp. 15, 2008. http www.biology direct.com content 3 1 15 Erwin Schr dinger ... Research quantum biology Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign DEFAULTSORT Quantum Biology Category Biophysics Category Quantum mechanics Biology ... more details
Infobox television episode Title Biology 101 Series Community TV series Community Image Caption Season 3 Episode 1 Airdate Start date 2011 9 22 Guests John Goodman as Vice Dean Robert Laybourne Michael K. Williams as Professor Marshall Kane Production 301 Writer Neil Goldman and Garrett Donovan Garrett Donovan br Neil Goldman Director Russo brothers Anthony Russo Episode list List of Community episodes Prev For a Few Paintballs More Next Geography of Global Conflict Biology 101 is the first episode of the Community season 3 third season of Community TV series Community . The episode originally aired on September 22, 2011 on NBC . The episode picks up where Community season 2 the second season left off, with Pierce out of the group. The study group resumes class at Greendale and decides to enroll in Biology. The episode was written by Neil Goldman and Garrett Donovan and directed by Russo brothers Anthony Russo . Plot The study group decides to take a Biology class together, but Pierce soon faces problems when only six seats are available in the class. Jeff quickly makes enemies with their professor Michael K. Williams and is removed from the class. Dean Pelton, meanwhile, finds a new rival in Vice Dean Laybourne John Goodman , the dean of the renowned Air Conditioning Repair Annex. Production The episode was written by executive producers Neil Goldman and Garrett Donovan , their first writing credit for the series. It was directed by executive producer Russo brothers Anthony Russo ... Spacetime . The short clip is a direct parody of Doctor Who , with similar opening credits, a time ..., Biology 101 was viewed by an estimated 4.00 million viewers with a Nielsen rating of 1.7 in the 18 ... guide season 3 401501 biology 101 episode 301 401502 Biology 101 at NBC.com IMDb episode 1986325 Tv.com episode 1394726 http tvtropes.org pmwiki pmwiki.php Recap CommunityS3E01Biology101 Biology 101 at TV Tropes Community TV series DEFAULTSORT Biology 101 Category Community TV series episodes Category ... more details
Modules Key Pieces in the Integration of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology http raven.zoology.washington.edu ... Elements of a Conceptual Framework for EvoDevo evolutionary biology genarch Category Biology ... more details
USS Direct was a name used more than once by the United States Navy in naming its ships USS Direct AM 90 , launched 25 April 1942 by Dravo Corporation , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . USS Direct AM 430 , launched 27 May 1953 by Hiltebrant Dry Dock Hiltebrant Dry Dock Co. , Kingston, New York . References DANFS Shipindex DEFAULTSORT Direct Category United States Navy ship names pl USS Direct ... more details
Direct to disk or Direct to disc can refer to Direct to disc recording , an analog audio recording method. Sounds are recorded directly onto an analog e.g. LP album disc master bypassing intermediate typ. magnetic tape stages. Direct to Disc , a 1978 music recording by Canadian progressive rock group, FM Direct to disk recording DDR , a recording method by which audio and or video signals are recorded directly to digital storage media e.g. a hard disk drive disambiguation ... more details
Live & Direct may refer to Live & Direct Starflam album Live & Direct Starflam album , 2000 Live & Direct Taj Mahal album Live & Direct Taj Mahal album , 1979 disambiguation Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it from being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Long comment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Merge from Synthetic life date June 2010 Synthetic biology is a new area of biology biological research ... in synthetic biology research approach the creation of new biological system from different perspectives .... The former focus includes the approach of Biology, inserting man made DNA into a living cell and Chemistry ..., rebuilding the natural systems to provide the engineered surrogates. The advance of synthetic biology ... behavior are essential tools in synthetic biology. Biosafety and biosecurity concerns are the understandable ... of synthetic biology has discussed policy options and started initiatives of self regulation. Symposia ... and the public perception of synthetic biology. A report from The United States Presidential ... team during the 2004 http parts.mit.edu r parts htdocs SBC04 index.cgi Synthetic Biology competition , displaying Hello world program Hello World History The term synthetic biology has a history spanning the twentieth century. ref Luis Campos, That Was the Synthetic Biology That Was in M. Schmidt, A. Kelle, A. Ganguli Mitra and H. Vriend, eds., Synthetic Biology The Technoscience and Its Societal ... used the term synthetic biology , ref Waclaw Szybalski, In Vivo and in Vitro Initiation of Transcription ... pp. 404 5 Szybalski s concept of Synthetic Biology , 411 2, 415 7. New York Plenum Press, 1974 ... phase of molecular biology. ... But the real challenge will start when we enter the synthetic biology phase of research in our field. We will then devise new control elements and add ... will run out of exciting and novel ideas, ... in the synthetic biology, in general. blockquote ... genes, but also has led us into the new era of synthetic biology where not only existing genes are described ... first2 A issue 3 ref blockquote Perspectives Biology Biologists are interested in learning more about how natural living systems work. One simple, direct way to test current understanding of a natural ... biology can be viewed as an extension and application of synthetic chemistry to biology ... more details
Biology of Reproduction is a peer reviewed academic journal , and the official journal of the Society for the Study of Reproduction . It is published with the assistance of HighWire Press . External links official http www.biolreprod.org ISSN 0006 3363 eISSN 1529 7268 Category Developmental biology journals biology journal stub ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 A test is a term used to refer to the shell of sea urchin s, and also the shell of certain microorganisms, such as testate foraminifera and testate amoebae . See also Frustule Lorica biology DEFAULTSORT Test Biology Category Biology biology stub es Testa protista fr Test zoologie ... more details
dablink The symbol math oplus math denotes direct sum it is also the astrological and astronomical symbol ... a direct sum of objects already known, giving a new one. This is generally the Cartesian product of the underlying ..., the direct sum is often, but not always, the coproduct in the Category mathematics category in question. In cases where an object is expressed as a direct sum of subobjects, the direct sum can be referred to as an internal direct sum . The direct sum of a family of objects A sub i sub , with i I , is denoted by math A bigoplus i in I A i math and each A sub i sub is called a direct summand of A . Examples include the direct sum of abelian groups , the direct sum of modules , the direct sum of rings , the direct sum of matrices , and the direct sum topology direct sum of topological spaces . A related concept is that of the direct product , which is sometimes the same as the direct sum, but at other times can be entirely different. span id abgrps span Direct sum of abelian groups The direct sum of abelian groups is a prototypical example of a direct sum. Given two abelian groups A , and B , , their direct sum A B is the same as their direct product of groups direct product , i.e. its ... generalizes to direct sums of finitely many abelian groups. For an infinite family of abelian groups A sub i sub for i I , the direct sum math bigoplus i in I A i math is a proper subgroup of the direct product. It consists of the elements math a i in prod j in I A j math such that a sub i sub is the identity element of A sub i sub for all but finitely many i . In this case, the direct sum is indeed the coproduct in the category of abelian groups . Direct sum of modules e.g. vector spaces main Direct sum of modules span id reps span Direct sum of representations Group representations The direct sum of group representations generalizes the direct sum of modules direct sum of the underlying ... G modules , the direct sum of the representations is V W with the action of g G given component ... more details
PC Direct was a UK computer magazine published by Ziff Davis . The magazine was shut down in 2001 soon after Ziff Davis sold its European business to VNU . References http www.theregister.co.uk 2001 06 28 pc direct disappears from newsstands PC Direct disappears from newsstands Category British computer magazines UK compu mag stub ... more details
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