Image Winblad MariaElizabeth birthcertificate.jpg thumb Mary Elizabeth Winblad 1895 1987 birthcertificate A birthcertificate is a vital record that documents the birth of a child. The term birthcertificate can refer to either the original document certifying the circumstances of the birth or to a certified ... A Soviet birthcertificate from 1972. The documentation of births is a practice widely held throughout ..., the description birthcertificate is commonly used to describe a copy of the relevant entry ... in England and Wales Each full birthcertificate issued is actually a certified copy of an entry ... certificate is a copy of the entry, showing the child s surname, forename s , date of birth ... on such documents since the 1980s. In addition, one can obtain a short birthcertificate, which ... http oig.hhs.gov oei reports oai 02 86 00001.pdf BirthCertificate Fraud Office of Inspector General ... document for each and every birth. In most states this document is entitled a Certificate of Live ... content of birthcertificate forms is uniform across states. These forms are completed by the attendant ... Document Laboratory the number of legitimate birthcertificate versions in use exceeded 14,000. ref http oig.hhs.gov oei reports oai 02 86 00001.pdf BirthCertificate Fraud Office of Inspector General ... blockquote A certified birthcertificate has a registrar s raised, embossed, impressed or multicolored ... issue a souvenir birthcertificate which typically includes the Fingerprint Footprints footprints ... seals the original birthcertificate and will issue a replacement birthcertificate substituting the individual ... access to their own original birth certificates, while in others the certificate is available ... date, place of birth, date of registration, date of issue, registration number, certificate number ... BirthCertificate Category Personal documents Category Vital statistics Category Genealogy ... sq Certifikata e lindjes simple Birthcertificate sl Rojstni list sv F delseattest ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced September 2008 orphan September 2008 New Zealand Birth Certificates are issued to persons who were born in New Zealand . The Department of Internal Affairs New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs is responsible for issuing birthcertificate s in New Zealand. Information listed on New Zealand Birth Certificates are First Given Names Surname Family Names Sex Date of Birth Place of Birth Mother s First and Family Names Mother s surname at birth Mother s Date of Birth Mother s place of birth Father s First and Family Names Father s date of birth Father s place of birth The end of the certificate is ended by a legal clause and the person s birth registration number assigned at birth. Since 1 January 2006, a minor addition shows on all new certificates ordered New Zealand Citizen by Birth will be added and will have Yes , No or Not Applicable to births that occurred prior to 1 January 2006 Certain historical records including historical birth certificates are available online in a searchable format on the Birth, Death and Marriage Historical Records http www.bdm.govt.nz website . The available records are for births recorded at least one hundred years ago. External links http www.bdm.govt.nz Birth, Death and Marriages website http www.legislation.govt.nz act public 2008 0048 latest contents.html Births, Deaths, Marriages, and Relationships Registration Amendment Act 2008 Category New Zealand law ... more details
infobox book name Where s the BirthCertificate? author Jerome Corsi Jerome R. Corsi image Image Where s the Birth Certificate.jpg 190px border Cover image caption country United States language English ... and the Cult of Personality Where s the BirthCertificate? The Case That Barack Obama Is Not Eligible ... birthcertificate to the courts, ref name bookworm an assertion which has been disputed by Obama supporters. ref name right wing Obama released his birthcertificate several weeks before Where s the Birth ... responded to the birthcertificate release by saying that Corsi was deeply suspicious of the authenticity ... s long form birthcertificate on April 27, 2011, publisher Joseph Farah told The Washington Post that Where s the BirthCertificate? would not be renamed and would still be released on May 17. ref name .... ref name obama trumps Boston Globe columnist Joan Vennochi opined that Obama s birthcertificate ... than factual ones and predicted that Where s the BirthCertificate? would still sell though Obama had released his long form birthcertificate one month before the book was to hit the shelves. ref ... Wisckol first Martin title Obama birthcertificate book hits best seller list url http www.ocregister.com news certificate 302785 birth obama.html work The Orange County Register accessdate June 3 ... books Esquire lawsuit Because Obama released his long form birthcertificate prior to the publication of Where s the BirthCertificate? , shortly after the book s release, a blogger for Esquire magazine ... refs ref name an answer cite web url http www.splcenter.org blog 2011 04 27 wheres the birthcertificate the lunatic right gets an answer title Where s the BirthCertificate? The Lunatic Right Gets ... post obama trumps book on birthcertificate 2011 04 27 AFKxYwyE blog.html title Obama trumps book on birthcertificate first Stephen last Lowman work The Washington Post date April 27, 2011 accessdate May 3, 2011 quote Last week, Jerome Corsi s Where s the BirthCertificate? The Case that Barack Obama ... more details
wikt certificateCertificate may refer to Public key certificate , an electronic document used in cryptography Certificate of deposit , or CD, a financial product commonly offered to consumers by banks, thrift institutions, and credit unions Certificate complexity , a string that certifies the answer to a computation Medical certificate Official document Birthcertificate Marriage certificate Stock certificate Death certificate Academic qualification Academic certificate Professional certification , a vocational award A confirmation that a person has passed a Test assessment to prove competence Australia Higher School Certificate New South Wales , a school qualification in New South Wales, Australia Victorian Certificate of Education , a school qualification in Victoria, Australia Technical and further education Qualifications awarded by TAFE colleges , a qualification offered by an education institution in Australia Ireland Junior Certificate , a qualification attained by school students Irish Leaving Certificate , a higher qualification attained by school students National Certificate , an older higher education qualification Higher Certificate , a newer higher education qualification Hong Kong Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examination United Kingdom Certificate of Higher Education , awarded after one year full time study at a university or other higher education institution See also Certification Academic degree Motion picture rating system disambig cs Certifik t de Zeugnis eo Atesto fr Certificat hr Certifikat it Certificato ka lt Liudijimas nl Certificaat verklaring ja pl Certyfikat ru sq Certifikata scn Certificatu simple Certificate sk Certifik t uk ur zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image certificate book.jpg thumb 200px The Certificate book cover The Certificate is a novel by Isaac Bashevis Singer , published in English language English in 1992 published in Yiddish in 1967 . David, a poor, young Yiddish writer wishes to emigrate to Palestine from Poland , and because married couples are given preference, he tries to arrange for a marriage certificate to be purchased for him by a wealthy woman whose fiancee lives in Palestine. The narrative deals with the abject poverty of David, as well as his Jewish heritage, and details the rise of both Communism and Zionism . IsaacBashevisSinger DEFAULTSORT Certificate, The Category 1967 novels Category Jewish literature Category Novels by Isaac Bashevis Singer 1960s novel stub ... more details
Birth. Legal meanings Birthcertificate is a legal document describing details of a person ... 175px Moche ceramic vessel showing a woman giving birth. Larco Museum Collection. Lima Peru Image Eucharius R lin Rosgarten Childbirth.jpg right thumb A woman giving birth on a birth chair, circa 1515 Birth calving in livestock and List of animal names some other animals , whelping in carnivorous ... browse birthBirth , dictionary.com, Retrieved on June 10, 2010. ref The offspring is brought forth from the mother . The time of human birth is defined as the time at which the fetus comes out of the mother s womb into the world. Different forms of birth are oviparity , vivipary and ovovivipary . Medical meanings Placenta Afterbirth is the birth of the placenta following the birth of the infant. Vagina Birth canal is the term used for the vagina during birth, as it is the route through which the infant passes during a vaginal birth. Birth control methods are medical device devices , medications or behavior patterns employed to reduce the probability of pregnancy. Birth doula is the term ... doula provides support after birth, and specializes in postpartum care for mother and infant ... who serves. Birth pangs are the pains felt by the mother during labor, resulting from contractions ... surgical birth through the wall of the abdomen . Childbirth is the process at the end of a human pregnancy that results in a baby being born. Lotus birth is the practice of leaving the umbilical cord uncut after birth so that the baby is left attached to its placenta until the cord naturally ... mothers, delivers baby during birth, and provides postpartum care. Multiple birth is the birth ... search?q Placenta Dictionary.reference.com ref Unassisted childbirth UC is birth without the aid of medical or professional birth attendants. Also known as freebirth Complications Image HumanNewborn.JPG right thumb Newborn after typical hospital birth Congenital disorder Birth defect is a physical ... more details
conceptdab Leaving Certificate , High School Leaving Certificate or School Leaving Certificate may refer to Leaving Certificate Ireland Scottish Leaving Certificate School Leaving Certificate Nepal High School Leaving Certificate India Secondary School Leaving Certificate , India See also List of secondary school leaving certificates dab ... more details
Certificate of Achievement may refer to Any sort of wikt certificatecertificate recognising an achievement Entry Level Certificate , a qualification in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, formerly known as the Certificate of Achievement National Certificate of Educational Achievement , a qualification in New Zealand Segrave Certificate of Achievement, a subsidiary award of the Segrave Trophy disambig ... more details
Death Certificate may refer to Death certificate , a document concerning a person s death Death Certificate album Death Certificate , an album by rapper Ice Cube Death Certificate for a Beauty Queen , a single by metal band I Killed the Prom Queen disambig ... more details
Matriculation Certificate refers to a certificate awarded for matriculation . It may refer to Matriculation Certificate Malta , awarded to post secondary students in Malta Secondary School Certificate SSC awarded in South Asian countries National Senior Certificate in South Africa disambiguation ... more details
distinguish Type certificate A Certificate of Airworthiness CofA , or an airworthiness certificate , is issued for an aircraft by the national aviation authority in the state in which the aircraft is registered. The airworthiness certificate attests that the aircraft is airworthiness airworthy insofar as the aircraft conforms to its Type certificate type design . Each airworthiness certificate is issued in one of a number of different categories. In the USA, Australia and some other countries, each airworthiness certificate is classified as either a Standard Airworthiness Certificate standard airworthiness certificate or a Special Airworthiness Certificate special airworthiness certificate . External links http www.caa.co.uk UK Civil Aviation Authority http www.caa.lk aw.htm Sri Lanka Category Aviation licenses and certifications Aviation stub es Certificado de Aeronavegabilidad ja ... more details
Refimprove date September 2008 Image Marriage certificate 1907.jpg thumb 250px Marriage certificate issued in Russian language in the Congress Poland , 1907 Image 1883 wedding lic.jpg thumb 180px right A wedding certificate issued in 1883. In some jurisdictions a marriage certificate is the official record that two people have undertaken a marriage ceremony. This does include jurisdictions where marriage license s do not exist. In some other jurisdictions, a marriage license serves a dual purpose of granting permission for a marriage to take place and then recording the fact that it has done so. United States In the United States, the certificate of marriage is recorded on the same document as the marriage license and application for marriage, thus allowing for all information relating to the marriage to be recorded on one document. While each state creates their own form for use with the recording of marriages, most states have a specific portion of the record to be completed by the official performing the ceremony. In some states, this portion also includes places for the parties to indicate a change in name, if any. If there isn t a place for a name change, the name is changed as requested ... thumb 250px 1875 Marriage Certificate, United States England and Wales On 1 July 1837 civil registration ... ceremonies have been certified by the issuing of a marriage certificate whose details are also ... certificate itself is given to the couple who have married. Copies are made in two registers ... The certificate lists the date of the marriage, and the full names of both the bride and groom. Their ages ... of certificates said that if the certificate reads minor or under age , it means that, until 1929 when the law changed to 16, the bride was between 12 and 20 and the groom 14 and 20 years of age . The certificate ... used wording is previous marriage dissolved with no further details given. Unlike birth and death ... 2010 DEFAULTSORT Marriage Certificate Category Personal documents de Eheurkunde fa fr ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The Higher Certificate Ardteastas in Irish language Irish is an award that has replaced the National Certificate in the Republic of Ireland The Higher Certificate is awarded by various Institute of technology Ireland Institutes of Technology . A Higher Certificate academic programme is 2 years of full time study. The equivalent British award is a Certificate of Higher Education Cert.HE Both the Irish Higher Certificate and the British Certificate of Higher Education are Level 6 awards on the Irish National Framework of Qualifications . Common Higher Certificates align center class wikitable English title align right Irish title Higher Certificate in Arts align right Ardteastas Eala on Higher Certificate in Business align right Ardteastas Gn Higher Certificate in Engineering align right Ardteastas Innealt ireachta Higher Certificate in Science align right Ardteastas Eola ochta See also Education in the Republic of Ireland Category Qualifications Category Education in the Republic of Ireland ... more details
of a stillbirth it is not standard practice to issue both a birthcertificate and a death certificate. Most states instead issue a certificate of birth resulting in stillbirth . ref http www.missingangelsbill.org ref See also Birthcertificate Ghosting identity theft Marriage licence Marriage certificate ...Refimprove date January 2008 For the album by rapper Ice Cube Death Certificate album File EddieSchneider DeathCertificate.gif thumb Eddie August Schneider 1911 1940 death certificate The phrase death certificate can describe either a document issued by a medical practitioner certifying the deceased ... register of deaths. Nature of a certificate Each governmental jurisdiction prescribes ... purpose of the certificate is to review the cause of death to determine if foul play occurred it also ... Before issuing a death certificate, the authorities usually require a certificate from a physician ... issuance of the death certificate is often both a crime and cause for loss of one s license to practice ..., a police officer or a paramedic may be allowed to sign a death certificate under specific circumstances .... In New York State, for instance, the cause of death on a general death certificate is only specified ... given in a Medical Certificate of Death MCOD supplied by the medical practitioner who certifies that life is extinct, this being the real death certificate distinct from the registration of a death ... of birth, maiden surnames and other former surnames of women who have been divorced. Beginning in 1879, a doctor s certificate was necessary for the issuance of a death certificate prior to that, no cause ... s description. Current 2011 registrations show the date of birth. The prescribed forms are part ... birth and death registration for the stillborn infant. Prior to 1960 such certificates gave no cause ... sibling can order the certificate if they can provide the dates of death for both parents. Scotland ... and Records lists some online death certificate indexes http www.cdc.gov nchs howto w2w w2welcom.htm ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 No Objection Certificate or popularly abbreviated as NOC is a type of legal certificate issued by any agency, organization, institute or in certain cases, an individual, that does not object to the Covenant law covenants of the certificate. This certification is a requirement at most of the government based departments predominantly from the Indian subcontinent .. Category Indian law India gov stub ... more details
File Ariernachweis 13.jpg thumb right 150px A 1943 Ariernachweis File Ahnenpass.jpg thumb right 150px Ahnenpass File Genealogical table for evidence of Aryan ancestry.jpg thumb right 150px Ahnentafel used as Ariernachweis In Nazi Germany , the Aryan certificate lang de Ariernachweis was a document which certified that a person was a member of the Aryan race . Beginning in April 1933 it was required from all employees and officials in the public sector , including education , according to the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service . There were two main types. Kleiner Ariernachweis Lesser Aryan certificate was one of Seven birth or baptism certificates the person, his parents and grandparents and three marriage certificates parents and grandparents or certified proofs thereof. Ahnenpass literally ancestor s passport Certified genealogy table Ahnentafel Gro er Ariernachweis Greater Aryan certificate was required for compliance with the requirements of Reichserbhofgesetz land heritage law and membership in the Nazi party . This certificate had to trace the family pedigree down to 1800 and to 1750 for SS officers . According to the especially strict regulation of this law which included the goal of Preserving the Purity of German Blood ref Quotation in German Reinhaltung des deutschen Blutes in Isabel Heinemann. Rasse Siedlung, deutsches Blut , Wallstein Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3892446237, p. 54 ref only those were eligible who could prove reaching back to January 1st 1800 that none of their paternal nor their maternal ancestors had Jewish or colored blood ref Quotation in German wer unter seinen Vorfahren v terlicherseits oder m tterlicherseits kein j disches oder farbiges Blut hat in Isabel Heinemann. Rasse Siedlung, deutsches Blut , Wallstein Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3892446237, p. 54 ref . See also German Blood Certificate , for Mischlinge people of mixed origin Ahnenpass one form of it. Aryan clause Nazism and race References reflist Eric Ehrenreich. The Naz ... more details
Merge self signed certificate date December 2009 In cryptography and computer security , a root certificate is either an unsigned public key certificate or a self signed certificate that identifies the Root Certificate Authority CA . A root certificate is part of a public key infrastructure scheme. The most common commercial variety is based on the ITU T X.509 standard, which normally includes a digital signature from a certificate authority CA . Digital certificates are verified using a chain of trust . The trust anchor for the digital certificate is the Root Certificate Authority CA . A certificate authority can issue multiple certificates in the form of a tree structure . A root certificate is the top most certificate of the tree, the private key of which is used to sign other certificates. All certificates immediately below the root certificate inherit the trustworthiness of the root certificate a signature by a root certificate is somewhat analogous to notarizing an identity in the physical world. Certificates further down the tree also depend on the trustworthiness of the intermediates often known as subordinate certification authorities . Many software applications assume these root certificates are trustworthy on the user s behalf. For example, a Web browser uses them to verify identities within Transport Layer Security SSL TLS secure connections. However, this implies that the user trusts their browser s publisher, the certificate authorities it trusts, and any intermediates the certificate authority may have issued a certificate issuing certificate, to faithfully verify the identity and intentions of all parties that own the certificates. This transitive relation transitive trust in a root certificate is the usual case and is integral to the X.509 certificate chain model. The root certificate is usually made trustworthy by some mechanism other than a certificate, such as by secure physical distribution. For example, some of the most well known root certificates ... more details
File 1939 Certificate of Life.jpg right thumb A 1939 Certificate of Life from the British Embassy in Paris. The fee has been paid through the application of revenue stamp s. A Certificate of Life also called a Proof of Life , Certificate of Existence or Letter of Existence is a certificate produced by a trusted entity to confirm that an individual is still alive. ref http lexicon.ft.com term.asp?t certificate of existence Retrieved 24 February 2010. ref Governments, pension and insurance companies and other bodies may need to check periodically that the people they are paying have not died in order that they do not overpay Life annuity annuities and pensions ref House of Commons papers, Volume 28 , by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, published by Office of Public Sector Information, 1848. Page 21 ref . Where individuals are resident outside their country of origin, a Certificate of Life may be obtained from the person s embassy in their country of residence by producing proof of identity such as a passport. References Reflist External links http www.israelfm.org en notaries certificate of life Obtaining a Certificate of Life from the Israeli Consulate in New York. http www.netherlands embassy.org article.asp?articleref AR00000135EN Obtaining a Certificate of Life from the Netherlands Embassy in Washington D.C. See also Life annuity zh Category Insurance terms Category Personal finance ... more details
The ATR.1 Certificate is a customs document used in trade between EU members and Turkey , to benefit from cheaper rates of duty. The legal basis for the use of the certificate is the EU Turkey Customs Union . It is important to remember that not all products are included in the customs union . Products not included in the customs union are steel & coal and some agricultural products. Many of these are instead included in the EU Turkey free trade agreement FTA . It is also worthwhile to note that the ATR.1 certificate is not a certificate of origin, but rather a status certificate. It therefore certifies that the product has been put in free circulation either in the EU or in Turkey , which means that the product had gone through the importation procedure in either country. See also ATA Carnet Certificate of Origin EUR.1 movement certificate Form A Form B TIR Carnet External links http www.tbcci.org faq.php Three TBCCI Frequently Asked Questions international law stub Category International trade ... more details
A certificate of incorporation is a legal document relating to the formation of a company law company or corporation . It is a license to form a corporation issued by state government. ref cite book last Sullivan first arthur authorlink Arthur O Sullivan coauthors Steven M. Sheffrin title Economics Principles in action publisher Pearson Prentice Hall year 2003 location Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 pages 197 url http www.pearsonschool.com index.cfm?locator PSZ3R9&PMDbSiteId 2781&PMDbSolutionId 6724&PMDbCategoryId &PMDbProgramId 12881&level 4 doi id isbn 0 13 063085 3 ref Its precise meaning depends upon the legal system in which it is used, but the two primary meanings are In the U.S.A. a certificate of incorporation is usually used as an alternative description of a corporation s articles of incorporation . In English law English and Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth legal systems, a certificate of incorporation is usually a simple certificate issued by the relevant government registry as confirmation of the due incorporation and valid existence of the company. In the U.S.A. the certificate of incorporation or articles of incorporation form a major constituent part of the constitutional documents of the corporation. In other common law legal systems, the certificate of incorporation has less legal significance, although it has been held by the Judicial functions of the House of Lords House of Lords in Cotman v Brougham 1918 AC 514 that because the issue a certificate of incorporation is conclusive evidence of the formation of a company, the issuance of the certificate ... Editable word doc and printable pdf of generic Certificate of incorporation or Delaware certificate of incorporation http www.northwestregisteredagent.com certificate of incorporation.html A Scottish style certificate of incorporation http www.research innovation.ed.ac.uk ettc ettc incorp.pdf A Canadian style certificate of incorporation References Reflist Category Business law Category Corporations ... more details
Certificate servers validate, or certify, Public key keys as part of a Public key infrastructure . Keys ... users before they transmit information. A digital certificate is a password protected, encrypted ... be signed by a certificate authority CA to be valid. X.509 Description The Internet Engineering Task Force RFC 2459, entitled Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile , describes the protocols for the X.509 X.509 v3 certificate and Certificate revocation list X.509 v2 Certificate revocation list as a part of the Internet PKI. According to the RFC, The goal of this specification ..., via the use of public key certificates digitally signed by a certificate authority. ref cite web last ... Certificate and CRL Profile url http www.ietf.org rfc rfc2459.txt date January 1999 accessdate 2009 04 21 ref Implementation using Microsoft IIS Microsoft s Certificate Services on IIS allows ... certificate server in one of four configurations as Certificate authorities . Enterprise root CA Enterprise subordinate CA Stand alone root CA Stand alone subordinate CA Management of Certificate Services ... Microsoft, Inc. first title Managing Microsoft Certificate Services and SSL url http technet.microsoft.com ... There exist several open source implementations of certificate servers, commonly referred to as a CA or Certificate Authority . Common for all is that they provide the services to issue, revoke and manage ... an SSL TLS library, but comes with tools to use it as a simple certificate authority. Implementation using Apache mod ssl Apache can use a certificate server to get certificates used to provide ... and Certificate revocation list certificate revocation . This is accomplished via three ... docs apachecon2001 date 2001 04 04 accessdate 2009 04 23 ref See also Certificate authority Certificate based encryption Public key infrastructure Public key certificate X.509 References references DEFAULTSORT Certificate Server Category Internet Category Public key cryptography Category Key ... more details
A certificate policy CP is a document which aims to state what are the different actors of a public key infrastructure PKI , their roles and their duties. This document is published in the PKI perimeter. When in use with X.509 public key certificate certificates , a specific field can be set to include a link to the associated certificate policy. Thus, during an exchange, any relying party has an access to the assurance level associated with the certificate, and can make a decision concerning the trust metric level of trust to put in the certificate. RFC 3647 The reference document for writing a certificate policy is, as of 2010 12 lc y , RFC 3647. The RFC proposes a framework for the writing of certificate policies and certification practice statement s CPS . The points described below are based on the framework presented in the RFC. Main points Architecture The document should describe the general architecture of the related PKI, present the different actors of the PKI and any exchange based on certificates issued by this very same PKI. Certificate uses An important point of the certificate policy is the description of the authorized and prohibited certificate uses. When a certificate is issued, it can be stated in its attributes what use cases it is intended to fulfill. For example, a certificate can be issued for digital signature of email e mail aka S MIME , encryption of data ... generation of the key cryptography key s is also mentioned in a certificate policy. Users may be allowed to generate their own keys and submit them to the CA for generation of an associated certificate ... The different procedures for certificate application, issuance, acceptance, renewal, re key, modification ... environment computers, network . Certificate revocation lists The revocation list CRLs are a vital ... with these lists, to ensure consistency between certificate status and the content of the list ... in its documents, such as the certificate policy. The procedures used to assess such regulatory compliance ... more details
Trust certificate may refer to Public key infrastructure Trust Certificate finance disambiguation Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Refimprove date June 2006 The name at birth is the name a child is given by his or her parent s, according to a generally universal Norm sociology custom , and legal requirement. ref http www.parentfinders.org faqs.htm Canadian legal requirement ref What happens subsequently about this name has a substantial cultural component. Where birth s are officially registered, a name entered into a birthcertificate may by that fact alone become a legal name . The assumption in the Western world is often that the name from birth given name plus family name at least , or perhaps from baptism , persists to adulthood in the normal course of affairs, with some possible changes such as concerning middle name s, uses of diminutive forms, adoption , choice of surname if parents divorce or were not married . Matters are very different in some cultures where a name at birth is only a childhood name, rather than the default choice for later life. Birth name is a term now sometimes used for maiden name name before marriage of a woman, in cultures where a married woman s name customarily changes , by those who find maiden name to be an old fashioned usage with the wrong connotations. By extension to men, birth name or now sometimes birthname can mean name at birth, or possibly and less precisely the more elusive concept of real name i.e. name before taking a professional name such as stage name , pen name , ring name , or an assumed name alias name nickname , or some recognised name change process which de jure alters names . Notes references Category Names arc es Nombre propio Nombres de pila eo Naskonomo id Nama lahir no D penavn pt Nome de batismo ru zh ... more details
National Certificate lang ga Teastais N isi nta often abbreviated to NCert or NC is the name of an educational award in a number of countries, although the actual merit of award is not always the same. Ireland The National Certificate was a two year broadly based higher education professional certification qualification in a technology discipline offered by an Institutes of Technology in Ireland Institute of Technology or a HETAC designated institution in Ireland . The certificate generally exempts a student from the first year of a four year university Bachelor s degree or the first two years of an Legal term Ab initio ab initio National Diploma in Ireland. The certificates are often in business , engineering and science , with most entrants being school leavers and presenting a Irish Leaving Certificate Leaving Certificate or similar educational achievement. Many students continue education and transfer to a National Diploma course or a Bachelor s degree . The first National Certificates in Ireland were awarded in 1972 at five Institutes of Technology in Ireland Regional Technical Colleges . Since June 2006 and the implementation of the National Framework of Qualifications , the National Certificate has been replaced by the Higher Certificate in a number of similar disciplines. United Kingdom except Scotland In the United Kingdom, the National Certificate is a standard vocational further education qualification. It is usually rated at Level 3 on the National Qualifications Framework and is equivalent to A level , BTEC National Diploma or NVQ Level 3 standard. Scotland National Certificate courses in Scotland are a one year course offered by Institute of technology Technical Colleges . They are typically used to progress on to a Higher National Certificate or similar Bachelor of Science degree course, although a National Certificate is still a recognised qualification on its own. ref http www1.kilmarnock.ac.uk index.pl?iid 2210&isa Category SCQF Scottish Credit and Qualifications ... more details
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