Energy flow is the transfer of energy and may refer to Energy flow ecology , the flow of energy through a biological food chain Energy esotericism flow, the movement of spiritual energy. Energy transfer , the transfer of physical energy from one body to another or from one place to another. BTTB album Energy Flow , a 1999 song by Ryuichi Sakamoto disambig ... more details
Let It Flow may refer to Let It Flow album Let It Flow album , by Elvin Bishop Let It Flow song Let It Flow song , by Toni Braxton Let It Flow , a 1977 album by Dave Mason disambig tr Let It Flow Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
In computer networking , a mouse flow is a short in total bytes Flow computer networking flow set up by a TCP or other protocol flow measured over a network link. A mouse is a flow with less than C packets. An elephant flow is a flow with at least C packets. The constant C is left as a degree of freedom in the analysis. C is chosen depending on the target application. ref cite journal url http hal.inria.fr docs 00 39 73 14 PDF Hal.pdf title Adaptive Algorithms for the Identification of Large Flows in IP Traffic author Azzana, Y Chabchoub, Y Fricker, C Guillemin, F. and Robert, P. ref . See also Pareto principle Elephant flow References reflist DEFAULTSORT Mouse Flow Category Network performance ... more details
Isothermal flow is a model of Compressible flow compressible fluid flow whereby the flow remains at the same temperature while flowing in a conduit. ref Shapiro, A.H., The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow, Volume 1 , Ronald Press, 1953. ref In the model, heat transferred through the walls of the conduit is offset by frictional heating back into the flow. Although the flow temperature remains constant, a change in stagation temperature occurs because of a change in velocity. The interesting part of this flow is that the flow is choked at math 1 sqrt k math and not at Mach number equal to one as in the case of many other model such as Fanno flow . This fact applies to real gases as well as ideal gases. For an important practical case of a gas flow throw a long tube the model has an applicability in situations which occurs in a relatively long distance and where heat transfer is relatively rapid so that the temperature can be treated, for engineering purposes, as a constant. This model has also applicability as upper boundary to Fanno flow . See also Fanno flow Isentropic process Rayleigh flow References Reflist External links http www.potto.org gasDynamics gasDynamics.php Fundamentals of compressible Flow Category Fluid dynamics ... more details
commons Flow diagram Flow diagram may refer to Alluvial diagram , highlights and summarizes the significant structural changes in networks Flowchart , schematic representation of a process which can give a step by step solution to a given problem. Control flow diagram , a diagram to describe the control flow of a business process, process or program Flow map , in cartography, a mix of maps and flow charts that show the movement of objects from one location to another Functional flow block diagram , in systems engineering Data flow diagram , a graphical representation of the flow of data through an information system Process flow diagram , in Operations, a graphical representation of a process Sankey diagram , where line width represents magnitude Signal flow graph , in mathematics, a graphical means of showing the relations among the variables of a set of linear algebraic relations State diagram , a representation of a finite state machine disambig de Flussdiagramm ... more details
The term base flow may refer to Baseflow in hydrology Base flow random dynamical systems in the study of random dynamical systems in mathematics Disambig ... more details
Pipe flow , a branch of Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics , is a type of liquid flow within a closed Pipe fluid conveyance conduit conduit in the sense of a means of containment . The other type of flow within a conduit is open channel flow . These two types of flow are similar in many ways, but differ in one important respect. Pipe flow does not have a free surface which is found in open channel flow. Pipe flow, being confined within closed conduit, does not exert direct atmospheric pressure, but does exert hydraulic pressure on the conduit. Not all flow within a closed conduit is considered pipe flow. Storm sewer Storm sewers are closed conduits and usually maintain a free surface and therefore are considered open channel flow. The exception to this is when a storm sewer operates at full capacity, and then can become pipe flow. Energy in pipe flow is expressed as Hydraulic head head and is defined ... of flow within a pipe, diagrams often contain a hydraulic grade line. Pipe flow is subject to frictional losses as defined by the Darcy Weisbach equation Darcy Weisbach formula . States of Flow The behavior of pipe flow is governed mainly by the effects of viscosity and gravity relative to the inertia inertial forces of the flow. Depending on the effect of viscosity relative to inertia, as represented by the Reynolds number , the flow can be either laminar flow laminar or turbulent flow turbulent ... of Turbulence in Pipe Flow journal Science year 2011 month July volume 333 issue 6039 pages 192 .....192A ref pipe flow will ultimately be laminar, whereas above the critical value turbulent flow can persist. In addition, the transition between laminar flow and turbulence can be sensitive to disturbance levels and imperfections. Flow through pipes can roughly be divided into two Laminar flow see Hagen Poiseuille flow Turbulent flow see Moody diagram See Also Mathematical equations and concepts ... Mechanics Types of fluid flow Open channel flow Fluid properties Viscosity Fluid phenomena Hydraulic ... more details
A flow limiter or flow restrictor is a device to restrict the Fluid dynamics flow of a fluid , in general a gas or a liquid ref http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 2098037 Supercritical fluid chromatographic detection by use of a parallel flow restrictor ref . Some designs use single stage or multi stage orifice plate s to handle high and low flow rates. Uses As a safety valve to provide limited flow after closing in the event of a broken Hose tubing hose . See also Mass flow controller Needle valve References reflist Tech stub Category Plumbing Category Hydraulics Category Pneumatics Category Fluid dynamics ru ... more details
Cleanup spam date August 2010 A flow computer is an electronic computational device which implements the required algorithms to turn the raw data received from flow meter s to which it is connected into volumes at base conditions . A flow computer also audits changes that have been made to any of the parameters required to turn the raw flow meter data into volumes. It records events and alarms related to the flow meter for example, loss of flow, loss of required electrical signals from measurement ... a running tally of the volume for each flow meter it monitors and perform a gauge off of this volume on an hourly, daily or monthly basis. The flow data is made available externally through an electronic ..., accounting or auditing. Many types of flow meter equipment implement flow computers intrinsically. Many different types of Remote Terminal Unit RTU s that can be used as flow computers are available ... to audit and verify the information produced by a flow computer, and defines the data which a flow ... in a typical gas flow computer are AGA Report No. 3 , AGA Report No. 7 , AGA Report No. 8 . Additional to natural gas, some flow computers offer an array of density calculations for steam, oxygen ... fluids and petrochemicals can also be found in liquid flow computers. API MPMS Chapter 11.1 ... of calculations performed by liquid flow computers. Other corrections specific to particular types or manufacturers of flow meter s may also be implemented. Flow computers can include meter viscosity ... with ultrasonic meters to obtain flow and diagnostic data. Flow computers are available as completely ... s, flow control valve s, Programmable logic controller PLC , Distributed Control System DCS , SCADA and industry recognized Human machine interface HMI supervisory systems. Higher level flow computers ... from some flow computers. Security issues are very significant in SCADA system development using flow computers. Recognized industry leaders in specialty flow computers are companies such as Eagle ... more details
Transient flow is such a flow where the velocity and pressure changes over time. Transient flows usually occur during the starting or stopping of a pump , the opening or closing of a tank , or simple changes in tank levels. Transient flow usually refers to Jerk physics surge or water hammer . The main reason transient flow can be a problem is it can cause pressure that would exceed the limits of pipes, fittings, etc. External links http www.fluidmechanic.co.uk transient.htm Category Fluid mechanics Category Hydraulics pt Golpe de ar ete ... more details
The flow coefficient of a device is a relative measure of its efficiency at allowing fluid flow. It describes the relationship between the pressure drop across an wikt orifice orifice , valve or other assembly and the corresponding volumetric flow rate flow rate . Mathematically the flow coefficient can be expressed as math C v F sqrt dfrac SG Delta P math where br C sub v sub Flow coefficient or flow capacity rating of valve. br F Rate of flow US gallons per minute . br SG Specific gravity of fluid Water 1 . br P Pressure drop across valve psi . In more practical terms, the flow coefficient C sub v sub is the volume in US gallons of water at 60 F that will flow per minute through a valve with a pressure drop of 1 psi across the valve. The use of the flow coefficient offers a standard method ... by industry. The general definition of the flow coefficient can be expanded into equations modeling the flow of liquids, gases and steam as follows Coefficient of discharge is the ratio of actual flow rate to theoretical discharge. For gas flow in a pneumatic system the C sub v sub for the same assembly can be used with a more complex equation. ref Swagelok C sub v sub Flow Coefficient http www.swagelok.com downloads webcatalogs EN MS 06 84.PDF Swagelok CV Flow Coefficient ref ref http generant.com ... than simply differential pressure. For air flow at room temperature, when the outlet pressure is less than 1 2 the absolute inlet pressure, the flow becomes quite simple although it reaches sonic velocity internally . With C sub v sub 1.0 and 200 psia inlet pressure the flow is 100 standard cubic feet per minute scfm . The flow is proportional to the absolute inlet pressure so that the flow in scfm would equal the C sub v sub flow coefficient if the inlet pressure were reduced to 2 psia and the outlet ... en Online Calculation of pressure drop with flow coefficient http www.novanumeric.com samples.php?CalcName Valves Online Cv Calculator For Multiple conditions DEFAULTSORT Flow Coefficient Category ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 In fluid mechanics , internal flow is a flow for which the fluid is confined by a surface. Hence the boundary layer is unable to develop without eventually being constrained. The internal flow configuration represents a convenient geometry for heating and cooling fluids used in chemical processing, environmental control, and energy conversion technologies. An example includes flow in a pipe. Category Fluid mechanics Fluiddynamics stub ... more details
Multiple issues orphan March 2012 unreferenced October 2011 context October 2011 Flow waveform is a shape of air flow, a flow pattern that is blowed into the patient airways . Modern ventilators lung ventilators are able to generate into breathing circuit three basic waveforms of flow squared waveform descending waveform sinusoidal waveform References reflist Category Fluid dynamics respiratory stub ... more details
Multiple issues wikify March 2012 unreferenced January 2007 orphan November 2009 In fluid mechanics , external flow is such a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. Accordingly, there will always exist a region of the flow outside the boundary layer in which velocity, temperature, and or concentration gradients are negligible.It can be defined as the flow of a fluid around a body that is completely submerged in it. An example includes fluid motion over a flat plate inclined or parallel to the free stream velocity and flow over curved surfaces such as a sphere, cylinder, airfoil, or turbine blade,air flowing around an airplane and water flowing around the submarines. DEFAULTSORT External Flow Category Aerodynamics Category Fluid dynamics Fluiddynamics stub ... more details
In mathematics , specifically differential geometry , a geometric flow is the gradient flow associated to a functional on a manifold which has a geometric interpretation, usually associated with some curvature extrinsic or intrinsic curvature . They can be interpreted as flows on a moduli space for intrinsic flows or a parameter space for extrinsic flows . These are of fundamental interest in the calculus of variations , and include several famous problems and theories. Particularly interesting are their critical point mathematics critical point s. A geometric flow is also called a geometric evolution equation . Examples Extrinsic Extrinsic geometric flows are flows on embedded submanifold s, or more generally immersed submanifold s. In general they change both the Riemannian metric and the immersion. Mean curvature flow , as in soap film s critical points are minimal surface s Willmore flow , as in minimax eversion s of spheres Inverse mean curvature flow Intrinsic Intrinsic geometric flows are flows on the Riemannian metric , independent of any embedding or immersion. Ricci flow , as in the Solution ... of the Uniformization theorem Calabi flow Yamabe flow Classes of flows Important classes of flows ... to parabolic partial differential equation s. A given flow frequently admits all of these interpretations ... a flow, and stationary states for the flow are solutions to the elliptic partial differential equation ... F , then the flow has a variational interpretation as the gradient flow of F , and stationary states of the flow correspond to critical points of the functional. In the context of geometric flows, the functional ... . The Ricci flow , Calabi flow , and Yamabe flow arise in this way in some cases with normalizations . Curvature flows may or may not preserve volume the Calabi flow does, while the Ricci flow does not , and if not, the flow .... Thus one often normalizes the flow, for instance by fixing the volume. References cite journal author ... year 2007 arxiv hep th 0702034 DEFAULTSORT Geometric Flow Category Geometric flow ... more details
Noref date March 2011 In differential geometry , the Yamabe flow is an intrinsic geometric flow a process which deforms the metric tensor metric of a Riemannian manifold . It is the negative L2 norm L sup 2 sup gradient flow of the normalized total scalar curvature , restricted to a given conformal class it can be interpreted as deforming a Riemannian metric to a conformal metric of constant scalar curvature, when this flow converges. It was introduced by Richard Hamilton professor Richard Hamilton shortly after the Ricci flow , as an approach to solve the Yamabe problem on manifolds of positive conformal Yamabe invariant . Category Geometric flow ... more details
for the molding defect Flow marks A flow line , used on a drilling rig, is a large diameter pipe typically a section of Casing borehole casing that is connected to the bell nipple under the drill floor and extends to the possum belly on the mud tank s and acts as a return line, for the drilling fluid as it comes out of the hole , to the mud tank s. Flow Line Components The flow line will typically have equipment attached to it, such as a flow show , possum belly and the sample box Flow Show The flow show shows whether drilling fluid is flowing down the flow line or not and any changes in that flow. High pressure jets are typically attached along its length to dislodge any obstructions such as drill cuttings collecting in one spot that may occur. Possum Belly The possum belly is used to slow the flow of returning drilling fluid before it hits the shale shakers . This enables the shale shaker to clean the cuttings out of the drilling fluid before it is returned to the pits for circulation. Sample Box Another common add on is the sample box. This is a heavy duty rubber hose that is inserted at the end of the flow line and at the other end emplaced into the sample box itself. The sample box is used to capture samples of drill cuttings for geological logging. The box is typically equipped with a raising door that allows the water and cuttings to escape after a sample is collected. Stinger Line A stinger line is similar to a flow line, but unlike a flow line is not used to maintain circulation. The stinger line is attached to the blowout preventer to allow for the pressure from a blowout to be released. The stinger line usually will run parallel to the flow line. See also Drilling rig petroleum References http www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com Display.cfm?Term flowline Flow line Category Drilling technology Category Oilfield terminology Category Petroleum engineering Category Piping ... more details
refimprove date December 2007 Helicoidal flow is the cork screw like flow of water in a meander . It is one example of a secondary flow . Helicoidal flow is a contributing factor to the formation of slip off slopes and river cliffs in a meandering section of the river. The helicoidal motion of the flow aids the processes of hydraulic action and corrasion on the outside of the meander, and sweeps sediment across the floor of the meander towards the inside of the meander. ref blockquote One of the important consequences of helical flow in meanders is that sediment eroded from the outside of a meander bend tends to be moved to the inner bank or point bar of the next downstream bend. blockquote Citation last Hickin first Edward J. contribution Meandering Channels year 2003 title Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks editor last Middleton editor first Gerard V. volume pages 432 place New York publisher Springer id ISBN 1 402 008724 ref Notes reflist References http www.agu.org pubs crossref 2002 2001JC001082.shtml Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 107 2002 See also Laminar flow Turbulent flow Baer s law Secondary flow River bends Secondary flow in river bends Category Rivers nn Helikoid straum ... more details
Stefan flow , occasionally called Stefan s flow Slovene language Slovene Stefanov tok , is a transport phenomenon concerning the movement of a chemical species by a flowing fluid typically in the gas phase that is induced to Fluid dynamics flow by the production or removal of the species at an interface chemistry interface . Any process that adds the species of interest to or removes it from the flowing fluid may cause Stefan flow, but the most common processes include evaporation , condensation , chemical reaction , Sublimation chemistry sublimation , ablation , adsorption , absorption chemistry ... Joseph Stefan for his early work on calculating evaporation rates. Stefan flow is distinct ... systems that are experiencing Stefan flow. In systems undergoing one of the species addition or removal processes mentioned previously, the addition or removal generates a mean flow in the flowing fluid ... by the processes occurring at the interface. The transport of the species by this mean flow is the Stefan flow. When concentration gradient s of the species are also present, diffusion transports the species relative to the mean flow. The total transport rate of the species is then given by a summation of the Stefan flow and diffusive contributions. An example of Stefan flow occurs when a droplet .... In addition to this mean flow, a concentration gradient must exist in the neighborhood of the droplet ... away from the droplet and the air towards it, with respect to the mean flow. Thus, in the Frame of reference frame of the droplet, the flow of vapor away from the droplet is faster than for pure Stefan flow, since diffusion is working in the same direction as the mean flow. However, the flow of air away from the droplet is slower than the pure Stefan flow, since diffusion is working to transport air back towards the droplet against the Stefan flow. Such flow from evaporating droplets is important ... engine s, and in the design of such engines. Stefan flow from evaporating droplets and subliming ice ... more details
In fluid dynamics the flow velocity , or velocity field , of a fluid is a vector field which is used to mathematically describe the motion of a fluid. The length of the flow velocity vector is the flow speed . Definition The flow velocity u of a fluid is a vector field math mathbf u mathbf u mathbf x ,t math which gives the velocity of an fluid parcel element of fluid at a position math mathbf x , math and time math t , math . The flow speed q is the length of the flow velocity vector ref citation first1 R. last1 Courant author1 link Richard Courant first2 K.O. last2 Friedrichs author2 link Kurt Otto Friedrichs edition 5th publisher Springer year 1977 isbn 0387902325 , p. 24 ref math q mathbf u math and is a scalar field. Uses The flow velocity of a fluid effectively describes everything about the motion of a fluid. Many physical properties of a fluid can be expressed mathematically in terms of the flow velocity. Some common examples follow Steady flow Main Steady flow The flow of a fluid is said to be steady if math mathbf u math does not vary with time. That is if math frac partial mathbf u partial t 0. math Incompressible flow Main Incompressible flow A fluid is incompressible if the divergence of math mathbf u math is zero math nabla cdot mathbf u 0. math That is, if math mathbf u math is a solenoidal vector field . Irrotational flow main Irrotational flow A flow is irrotational if the Curl mathematics curl of math mathbf u math is zero math nabla times mathbf u 0. math That is, if math mathbf u math is an irrotational vector field . Vorticity Main Vorticity The vorticity , math omega math , of a flow can be defined in terms of its flow velocity by math omega nabla times mathbf u . math Thus in irrotational flow the vorticity is zero. The velocity potential main Potential flow If an irrotational flow occupies a simply connected fluid region then there exists a scalar ... is called the velocity potential for the flow. See Irrotational vector field . Notes and references ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A supercritical flow is when the flow velocity is larger than the wave velocity. The analogous condition in gas dynamics is supersonic . Information travels at the wave velocity. This is the velocity at which waves travel outwards from a pebble thrown into a lake. The flow velocity is the velocity at which a leaf in the flow travels. If a pebble is thrown into a supercritical flow then the ripples will all move down stream whereas in a subcritical flow some would travel up stream and some would travel down stream. It is only in supercritical flows that hydraulic jump s Tidal bore bores can occur. In fluid dynamics , the change from one behaviour to the other is often described by a dimensionless quantity , where the transition occurs whenever this number becomes less or more than one. One of these numbers is the Froude number math Fr stackrel mathrm def frac U sqrt gh math , where U velocity of the flow g acceleration due to gravity 9.81 m s or 32.2 ft s h depth of flow relative to the channel bottom If math Fr 1 math , we call the flow subcritical if math Fr 1 math , we call the flow supercritical . See also Momentum Depth Relationship in Rectangular Channel Subcritical and supercritical flow Subcritical vs. supercritical flow Supersonic Hypersonic DEFAULTSORT Supercritical Flow Category Fluid dynamics fr coulements torrentiel et fluvial nl Superkritische stroming The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow An Introduction. Physical Modelling of Hydraulics Chanson, Hubert 1999 ... more details
Corrected Flow is the mass flow that would pass through a device e.g. compressor, bypass duct, etc. if the inlet pressure and temperature corresponded to ambient conditions at Sea Level, on a Standard Day e.g. 14.696 lbf in , 518.7R . Corrected Flow, math w sqrt theta delta math , can be calculated as follows, assuming Imperial Units math w sqrt theta delta w sqrt T 518.7 P 14.696 math Corrected Flow is often given the symbol math wc math or math wr math for referred flow . So called Non Dimensional Flow, math w sqrt T P math , is proportional to Corrected Flow math w sqrt T P w sqrt theta delta sqrt 518.7 14.696 math The equivalent equations for Preferred SI Units are 101.325kPa, 288.15K math w sqrt theta delta w sqrt T 288.15 P 101.325 math math w sqrt T P w sqrt theta delta sqrt 288.15 101.325 math Nomenclature math P math Stagnation or Total Pressure math T math Stagnation or Total Temperature math w math Real Mass Flow math delta math Referred Pressure math theta math Referred Temperature In relative form, Corrected Flow, Referred Flow and Non Dimensional Flow are all measures of axial Mach number. Side note If the mass flow can be consider an energy source such as fuel flow, the corrected flow is calculated as follows math w delta sqrt theta math See also compressor map turbine map corrected speed Category Turbines Category Aerospace engineering Category Jet engines Engine aircraft stub ... more details
Image Meridionalflowpattern.jpg thumb right 250 px Meridional Flow pattern of October 23, 2003. Note the amplified troughs and ridges in this 500 hPa height pattern. Meridional flow is a meteorology meteorological term meaning that the general flow pattern is north to south, or south to north, along the Earth s longitude lines perpendicular to a zonal flow . Extratropical cyclone s in this environment tend to be stronger and move slower. This pattern is responsible for most instances of extreme weather , as not only are storms stronger in this type of flow regime, but temperatures can reach extremes as well, producing heat wave s and cold wave s depending on the equator ward or poleward direction of the flow. See also Atmospheric circulation Cyclone References http amsglossary.allenpress.com glossary search?id meridional flow1 AMS Glossary of Meteorology http www.usatoday.com weather wmeridio.htm Meridional flow brings extreme weather to USA Category Basic meteorological concepts and phenomena Category Weather climate stub fr Circulation atmosph rique Flux m ridional no Meridional str m nn Meridional straum pt Fluxo meridional ... more details
Material flow MF is the description of the transportation of raw materials, pre fabricates, parts, components, integrated objects and finally products as a flow of entities. The term applies mainly to advanced modeling of Supply chain management . As industrial material flow can easily become very complex Plant Simulation Software has been developed to simulate, visualize, analyze and optimize these processes. Origin The aim of understanding the inflow and outflow of materials and objects no longer as a sequence of residing pools but as a stream or flow shall re orient the understanding of material management from the stock and warehouse management concept to a flow management concept ref http www.efb consulting.de efb consulting tp pub verans flowmanage PDF M 20Vortrag 20Thomas 20Hoehn.pdf ref , where residing quantities and volumes may be minimized. See also Cash flow Industrial ecology Information flow Input output analysis Input Output Analysis Sustainability References Reflist Category Control engineering Category Industrial ecology Category Industrial engineering Category Systems ecology Category Resource economics ru ... more details
Flow conditioning ensures that the real world environment closely resembles the laboratory environment for proper performance of inferential flow measurement flowmeters like Gas meter orifice , gas meter turbine , gas meter coriolis , gas meter ultrasonic etc. Types of Flow Basically, fluid dynamics Flow in pipe fluid conveyance pipe s can be classified as follows Fully developed flow found in world class flow laboratories Pseudo fully developed flow Non swirling, non symmetrical flow Moderate swirling, non symmetrical flow High swirling, symmetrical flow Types of Flow Conditioners File Figure a . flow conditioner.GIF thumb Figure a showing The Flow conditioner Flow conditioners shown in fig ... swirl and non symmetry, but do not produce pseudo fully developed flow Those that eliminate swirl, non symmetry and pseudo fully developed flow high performance flow conditioners Natural gas .... The effect of flow conditioning for various popular meters which is used in gas measurement is explained below. Pipe flow conditions The most important as well as most difficult to measure aspects of flow measurement are flow conditions within a pipe upstream of a meter. Flow conditions mainly ... or turbulence intensity profile, swirl and any other fluid flow characteristics which will cause the meter to register flow different than that expected. It will change the value from the original .... ref Miller, W. Richard, Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook , McGraw Hill , Third Edition, 1996 ..., exceptional pipe roughness or smoothness, elbows, valve s, tees and reducer s causes the flow conditions ... of any standard metering design. Flow Conditioning refers to the process of artificially generating a reference, fully developed flow profile and is essential to enable accurate measurement while ... flowmeter artc 04031102.html Flow conditioning for Natural gas measurement ref Law of similarity .... With respect to calibration of flowmeters, the Law of Similarity is the foundation for flow measurement ... more details
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