More footnotes date November 2009 Gnosticism The BosnianChurchBosnian language Bosnian , Croatian language ... churches. The BosnianChurch coexisted uneasily with Roman Catholicism for much of the later Middle Ages. Part of the resistance of the BosnianChurch was political during the 14th century, the Roman Church placed Bosnia under a Hungarian bishop, and the Schism religion schism may have been motivated ... as the BosnianChurch. The historian Franjo Ra ki wrote about this in 1869 based on Latin sources ... in which the BosnianChurch is described as heretical. ref Denis Ba i . The roots of the religious ... churches, were entirely converted to Islam . The BosnianChurch was dualist in character, and so ... strojnici strojniks , the same titles ascribed to the leaders of the BosnianChurch. ref Mauro Orbini ... now believe that the BosnianChurch had largely disappeared before the Ottoman Empire Turkish ... King Stephen Ostoja of Bosnia , a member of the BosnianChurch himself, had a djed as an advisor ... Bosnia and Herzegovina are identified with the BosnianChurch. BosnianChurch scholarship The phenomenon ... been published. Ra ki argued that the BosnianChurch was essentially Gnostic and Manichaean in nature ... Fine, does not believe in the dualism of the BosnianChurch at all. ref Fine, John. The Bosnian ... as a new interpretation of the BosnianChurch , his view is very close to J. idak s early theory and several ... been heretical groups alongside of the BosnianChurch, however, the church itself was Catholic. See ... of Bulgaria and Bosnia The Early Protestants of the East commons category BosnianChurch Category History of Bosnia and Herzegovina Church, Bosnian Category Former Christian denominations Link GA sr an Ilesia ... during the Middle Ages . Adherents of the church called themselves simply Krstjani Christians . The church ... and Herzegovina. Citation needed date January 2010 The church s organization and beliefs are poorly understood, because few if any records were left by church members, and the church is mostly ... more details
Wiktionary Bosnian Bosniak Bosnian may refer to Anything related to Bosnia region or its inhabitants Anything related to the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina or its inhabitants Bosnian language , a South Slavic language spoken mainly in Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosniaks , an ethnic group mainly inhabiting Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnians , people who live in, or come from, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bo njani , local Slavic name for inhabitants of Bosnia during the Middle Ages See also List of Bosnians and Herzegovinians Languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina lookfrom Bosniak lookfrom Bosnian Disambiguation pt B snio ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Bosnian Austrians br small Bosanski Austrijanci small image poptime 128,047 ref ftp www.statistik.at pub neuerscheinungen vzaustriaweb.pdf ref popplace Salzburg , Wien , Graz and Linz langs Bosnian language Bosnian , Croatian language Croatian , Serbian language Serbian and German language German rels Catholic Church Catholic , Sunni Islam , Eastern Orthodoxy Orthodox caption related c Other South Slavs South Slavic peoples Bosniaks Croats Serbs Bosnian Austrians locally and colloquially known as Esterajheri are citizens of Austria whose ancestry can be traced to Bosnia and Herzegovina . The vast majority of Bosnian Austrians emigrated to Austria during and after the Bosnian war, though a large number of Bosnians emigrated as early as the 19th century. According to the last census conducted in 2002, the total number of Bosnians in Austria was 128,047 and they comprised 1.6 of the total population. Bosnian Austrian communities The largest Bosnian communities in Austria are found in Vienna , Wels and Linz followed by Salzburg and Graz . Notable Bosnian Austrians Alen Orman , Footballer Boris Nemsic Boris Nem i , Businessman and the former Chief Executive Officer CEO of Telekom Austria IrfanView Irfan kiljan , Inventor of IrfanView , a freeware shareware image viewer Monice , Pop singer Nina Kusturica , Film director , film editor editor und film producer producer Sanel Kulji . Footballer See also Diaspora studies Bosniaks Bosnians References Reflist Immigration to Austria Bosniak diaspora Category Austrian people of Bosnia and Herzegovina descent Category Ethnic groups in Austria Category Bosniak diaspora Category Bosnia and Herzegovina people Bosnian Austrian Austria hist stub Bosnia stub de Bosnier in sterreich ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Bosnian American br small Bosanski Kana ani small image table border 0 align center tr td File Mila Mulroney cropped.jpg 100x100px td tr tr td div style background color fee8ab small Mila Mulroney small td table caption poptime 25,665 ref http immigration online.org 41 bosnian immigration.html ref popplace Toronto , Montreal and Vancouver langs Bosnian language Bosnian , Croatian language Croatian , Serbian language Serbian and English language English rels Sunni Islam , Orthodox Church Orthodox , Roman Catholicism Catholic , Judaism Jewish , Agnosticism Agnostic , and Atheism Atheist . related c Other South Slavs South Slavic peoples Bosnian Canadians are Canadians whose ancestry can be traced to Bosnia and Herzegovina . According to the 2001 Canada 2001 Census Canadian census , there are 25,665 people who have claimed Bosnians Bosnian ancestry. ref http immigration online.org 41 bosnian immigration.html ref A large majority of Bosnian Canadian Bosnian Canadians emigrated to Canada during and after the Bosnian war which lasted from 1992 1995. History of Bosnian arrivals to Canada, however, dates back to as far as the 1800s. ref http immigration online.org 41 bosnian immigration.html ref History The Bosnian Community in Canada has a long and distinguished history dating back more than one hundred years. ref http immigration online.org 41 bosnian immigration.html ref According to 2001 Canada 2001 Census Canadian census , estimates say there are 25,665 people of Bosnian origin living in Canada. ref http immigration online.org 41 bosnian immigration.html ... in Toronto , Ontario , Montreal , Quebec and Vancouver , British Columbia . Numerous Bosnian cultural, sport and religious associations, Bosnian language newspapers and other periodicals are published in many states. The largest Bosnian organisation in Canada is the Congress of North American ... www.bosniak.org ref Famous Bosnian Canadians Mila Mulroney wife of the 18th Prime Minister of Canada ... more details
in BosnianChurch and Roman Catholic Church in historical lands of Bosnia region Bosnia , Hum, Bosnia ... BosnianChurch . The Bosniak academic community has not as of yet produced a prominent authority ...Infobox Writing system name Bosnian Cyrillic br Bosan ica type Alphabet typedesc Cyrillic script time 10th 18th century languages Bosnian language Bosnian , Croatian language Croatian creator sample Bos cro cyr.gif imagesize 250px caption iso15924 South Slavic languages sidebar Bosnian Cyrillic or Croatian ... and Herzegovina Bosnia and the Dalmatia Dalmatian and Dubrovnik regions of Croatia . Its name in Bosnian language Bosnian is bosan ica or bosanica , which can be translated as Bosnian script . Croats also call it Croatian script , Croatian Bosnian script , Bosnian Croat Cyrillic , harvacko pismo ... to ascertain when features of characteristically Bosnian type of Cyrillic script had begun to appear, but paleographers consider that the Humac tablet Bosnian Cyrillic tablet is the first document of this type of script and dates back supposedly to the 10th 11th century. Bosnian Cyrillic lasted ..., a few areas of Bosnian Cyrillic had been prominent passages from the Bible in documents of BosnianChurch adherents, 14th and 15th century. numerous legal and commercial documents charters, letters, donations of nobles and royalty from medieval Bosnian state in correspondence with Dubrovnik and various ... and 15th centuries Hval Manuscript was written in 1404 by Hval Krstyanin in Bosnian Croatian Cyrillic ... Roman Catholic church books used this alphabet until late 19th c. Roman Catholic diecese in Omi ... liturgical works missals, breviaries, lectionaries of the Roman Catholic Church from Dubrovnik , 15th and 16th century the most famous is a printed breviary from 1520 the comprehensive body of Bosnian ... and early 19th century. This is by far the most abundant corpus of works written in Bosnian Cyrillic ... breviaries , historical chronicle s, local church histories, religious poetry and didactic ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Bosnian American br small Bosanski Amerikanci small image table border 0 align ... States Midwest and Northwestern United States Northwest langs Bosnian language Bosnian , Croatian ... Church Orthodox Christianity , Roman Catholicism Catholicism , Judaism , Agnosticism , and Atheism related c Other South Slavs South Slavic peoples Bosnian Americans are Americans whose ancestry can be traced to Bosnia and Herzegovina . A large majority of Bosnian Americans emigrated to the United States during and after the Bosnian war which lasted from 1992 1995. History of Bosnian arrivals .... ref http www.everyculture.com multi A Br Bosnian Americans.html ref While official census reports from the 2000 United States Census 2000 Census indicate that there are 98,766 Bosnian Americans in the United States, it is estimated that today there are some 350,000 Bosnian Americans of full or partial Bosnian descent living in the country. History The Bosnian Community in the USA has a long and distinguished history dating back more than one hundred years. One of the first Bosnian arrivals to any .... According to Embassy estimates there are some 350,000 people of Bosnian origin living in the United ... numerous Bosnian cultural, sport and religious associations. Bosnian language newspapers and other periodicals ... sabahusa.com Bosnian American Newspaper Sabah . Settlements and Communities Refimprove date April 2011 citations needed date April 2012 The largest Bosnians Bosnian American communities in the US are found ... States. The suburban city of Northbrook, Illinois is thought to have the largest Bosnian and Balkan Slav community in the USA and they scatter across Chicagoland . Bosnian Muslims had lived in California ... Ogden settled there since the end of the Bosnian War in the 1990s. The first Bosnians settled in Chicago ... America their new home. In 2001 the Bosnian community established the first Bosnian American television ... American culture is an annual Bosnian Herzegovinian Film Festival in New York now in its 11th ... more details
and is linked to the Bosnian medieval monarchy and the Bosnianchurch medieval Bosnian religion ... as Bosnian woman, Bosnianchurch heretic and in Bosnian language called Djevena . The irony of the Bosnian language is that its speakers are, on the level of colloquial idiom, more linguistically ...pp move indef Infobox language name Bosnian nativename lang bs bosanski pronunciation IPA sh b sanski ... Cyrillic ref Ronelle Alexander, 2006. Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, a Grammar With Sociolinguistic Commentary ... iso2 bos iso3 bos lingua part of 53 AAA g notice IPA South Slavic languages sidebar Bosnian lang bs ..., and Bosnian are usually thought of as constituting one language called Serbo Croatian. ref ref ... base vocabulary, grammar and syntax of what are today officially four national standards. The Bosnian standard uses the Gaj s Latin Alphabet Latin alphabet. The first official dictionary in the Bosnian .... Written evidence and records point to the Bosnian language being the official language of the country ... and one of the oldest to be written in Bosnian Cyrillic Bosan ica . ref cite book title Razvitak ..., Viennae, 1858, p. 8 9. ref History The modern Bosnian language uses the Latin alphabet. However, scripts other than Latin were used much earlier, most notably the indigenous Bosnian Cyrillic called Bosan ica literally Bosnian script and dates back to the late 10th and early 11th centuries AD. ref ... Bosnian literacy monuments, is written in this script. The script is of the greatest significance to Bosnian ... of Bosnian Cyrillic Controversies and polemic controversial debates and propaganda Citation ... Bosnian state, and associate it to Croatian and Serbian cultural provenience, despite its geographical ... nobility during the Ottoman era. In addition, the oldest South Slavic document is the Bosnian statehood charter from 1189, written by Bosnian ruler Kulin Ban in Bosnian Cyrillic. Some other early mentions ..., to standardize their language in the crucial 19th century. The first Bosnian dictionary, a rhymed ... more details
Refimprove date October 2010 The Bosnian diaspora consists of Bosnian emigrants and their descendants in countries such as the United States, Canada, Germany, Austria, Australia and elsewhere. There are an estimated 2,000,000 Bosnian people Bosnians living outside Bosnia and Herzegovina . ref cite web title BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MIGRATION PROFILE url http www.mhrr.gov.ba iseljenistvo Publikacije MigrationProfile2010ENGLISHFINAL.pdf publisher Ministry of Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina date March 2010 ref Causes The Bosnian diaspora was the consequence of either voluntary departure, coercion and or forced migrations or expulsions that occurred on several occasions in the past 100 years In the late 19th century to the east and west caused by the invading forces of the Austro Hungarian Empire . In the early 20th century between the two wars, Bosnians moved to the east and west. They fled to Turkey , Austria , the United Kingdom , Australia , New Zealand , France , Germany , Italy , Sweden and United States of America with Canada included . This occurred mostly during the Second World War . The Bosnian War in the early 1990s from 1992 to 1995 . Many Bosnian refugees sought asylum in Western Europe and Oceania Australia and New Zealand Spain and the Netherlands , and the non EU nations of Norway and Switzerland , North America , the Middle East , the former USSR i.e. Russia and Ukraine . Today there are an estimated 500000 Bosnian diaspora in America, 200,000 in Germany, 30,000 in the UK, 40,000 in Belgium and so on. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Bosnian Diaspora Category Bosnia and Herzegovina diaspora Bosnia stub ... more details
The Bosnian Party Bosanska Stranka , BOSS is a multi ethnic Left wing left populism populist ref http www.bhdani.com arhiva 276 t27607.shtml Predizborne poruke Bot generated title ref ref http bosnian.irib.ir media mp3 Mirnes.Ajanovic 2086 10 8.mp3 ref political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina . References Reflist Bosnian political parties BosniaHerzegovina party stub Category Political parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina bs Bosanska stranka ca Partit Bosni it Partito Bosniaco he ... more details
Use dmy dates date June 2011 Infobox military conflict partof the Yugoslav Wars image File Bosnian war ... Srpska soldiers a Norwegian UN soldier in Sarajevo. conflict Bosnian War date 5 April 1992 14 ... by the majority of BosnianBosnian Croats Croats and Bosnian Serbs Serbs who each had their own hostile entities . Consequently, it was representative mainly of the Bosniaks Bosniak Bosnian ... all three Bosnians Bosnian ethnic groups. br small b small Between 1994 and 1995, the Republic of Bosnia ... Bosnian Croats . This was primarily because of the Washington Agreement . campaignbox Campaignbox Yugoslav Wars campaignbox Campaignbox Bosnian War The Bosnian War or the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina ... proclaimed Bosnian Serb and Bosnian Croat entities within Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika ... Church Orthodox Serbs 31 percent and Catholic Croats 17 percent , passed a History of Bosnia and Herzegovina referendum for independence on 29 February 1992. This was rejected by Bosnian Serb political ... the declaration of independence , Bosnian Serb forces, supported by the Serbian government of Slobodan ..., indiscriminate shelling of cities and towns, ethnic cleansing , Rape in the Bosnian War systematic mass rape and Bosnian Genocide genocide mostly led by the Serb forces. Events such as the Siege ... Bosniaks were an easy target, because the Bosnian government forces were poorly equipped and unprepared ... was hotly contested by the Bosnian Serb members of parliament, arguing that Amendment LXX of the Constitution ... was debated anyway, leading to a boycott of the parliament by the Bosnian Serbs, and during the boycott ... The Bosnian Serbian assembly members invited the Serb population to boycott the referendums ... of voters voting in favour of independence implying that Bosnian Serbs, which made up approximately ... in Vogo a , and others were inoperable due to a lack of electricity and raw materials. The Bosnian ... s including Islamist groups to smuggle weapons to the Bosnian government forces via Croatia. ref http ... more details
The Bosnian Institute is an organisation principally devoted to providing information on, and promoting the common good of, Bosnia and Herzegovina . It publishes a quarterly online magazine . It is directed by Quintin Hoare. The Bosnian Institute was founded in July 1997 as a UK Registered Charity, with a grant from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation . In addition to other donors, the charity continues to be funded by this foundation as well as the Friends of the Bosnian Institute. The Board of Trustees is chaired by the prominent historian Noel Malcolm , with other Balkan specialists such as Dr. Bojan Bujic, Cambridge historian Dr Brendan Simms and journalist Melanie McDonagh. External links http www.bosnia.org.uk about Category Bosnia and Herzegovina culture Category Bosniak culture Category Organisations based in the United Kingdom UK org stub ... more details
Begin Infobox Horse. The text of the article should go AFTER this section. Infobox Horse name Bosnian Pony image Bosanski brdski konj.JPG image caption Bosnian Pony features altname nickname country BIH group1 std1 End Infobox Horse info. Article Begins Here The Bosnian Pony is a member of the group of horses known as the Balkan breeds, and is thought to be descended from a cross between the Tarpan and the Asian Wild Horse . History The Bosnian Pony bears many similarities to both the Hucul and the Konik breeds of pony, and the triad is generally known collectively as the Balkan breeds. The breeds are all considered ancient, and the Bosnian Pony is thought to have developed through a cross between the Tarpan and the Asian Wild Horse, also known as the Przewalski horse. It is thought that there were infusions of oriental stock by the Turkish people Turks during the Ottoman Empire , after which more Tarpan blood was added to make the modern Bosnian Pony breed. ref name Pickeral Pickeral, Tamsin The Encyclopedia of Horses and Ponies . Parragon Plus, 2001. ISBN 0752541587 ref Beginning in the 1900 s, the Bosnian Pony has been selectively bred through government controlled breeding programs. The principle breeding center for many years was the Borike Stud in Bosnia. The state controlled all breeding stallions, while mares were privately owned. During the 1940s three stallions, Agan, Barat, and Misco, were used to improve the breed. Agan and Barat resembled the Asian Wild Horse type, while Misco was a lighter type. Until the Bosnian War, there were strict standards, including performance ... ponies bosnian.htm Bosnian . Equine Kingdom . Referenced January 26, 2008. ref Characteristics The Bosnian Pony generally stands 12.1 to 14 hands high, and may be bay horse bay , bay horse brown ... of oriental blood. ref name Pickeral Uses The Bosnian Pony is used for many things, including ..., making them easy to handle and ride. ref name EK References reflist commons Bosnian Pony Category ... more details
The Bosnian Mafia or Bosnian organized crime is a term used to describe illegal gangs and criminal organisations operating in Bosnia and Herzegovina and within the Bosnian diaspora . Bosnian organised crime figures operate mostly in Europe, as well as in Canada, the United States and Australia. Bosnian organised crime groups are involved in a wide range of activities, including drug trafficking , gambling , cigarette smuggling , human trafficking , prostitution , illicit antiquities trafficking, extortion often under the cover of ostensible Security guard security and insurance companies and the arms trade. Smuggling revenues are between 150 million and 300 million, equivalent to Bosnia and Herzegovina s annual state budget. ref cite news last Griffiths first Hugh title Investigation Will Europe Take on Bosnia s Mafia? url http iwpr.net report news investigation will europe take bosnias mafia newspaper Institute for War & Peace Reporting date 21 February 2005 ref Organised crime groups and activities The Bosnian Mafia can be broadly divided into four categories the Bosniak Mafia, the Bosnian Serb Mafia, the Bosnian Croat Mafia and many local organised crime groups. The Bosnian Mafia groups are involved in a wide range of activities one of their more notorious activities occurred in 2003 when they smuggled and sold 250,000 Zastava M70 Yugoslav made AK 47 s to Iraq. Judicial prosecution and the struggle against criminal networks The Federalism federalist government of Bosnia and Herzegovina makes fighting organised crime groups extremely difficult. Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of two largely independent entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska both of which have their own capital, parliament, president and police force. Due to the poor cooperation ... the European Union established the State Investigation and Protection Agency . SIPA is a Bosnian federal ... Bosnian diaspora Organized crime References Reflist Use dmy dates date October 2010 DEFAULTSORT Bosnian ... more details
Original research article date May 2009 Infobox Ethnic group group flagicon Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian Australian flagicon Australia br small Bosanski Australijanci image File Dino Djulbic.jpg 100px caption small Notable Bosnian Australians br Dino ulbi Edin ulbi poptime 26,628 by birth, 2006 br 18,458 by ancestry, 2006 ref2 lower ref name ABS Country of Birth cite web url http www.censusdata.abs.gov.au ABSNavigation prenav ViewData?action 404&documentproductno 0&documenttype Details&order 1&tabname Details&areacode 0&issue 2006&producttype Census 20Tables&javascript true&textversion false&navmapdisplayed true&breadcrumb POLTD&&collection Census&period 2006&productlabel Country 20of 20Birth ... Sydney Brisbane Perth, Western Australia Perth Adelaide Canberra langs Australian English Bosnian language Bosnian rels Islam significantly secular related Bosniaks Bosnian Australians or Australian Bosnians are people of Australia who are of Bosnian ancestry or come from Bosnia and Herzegovina ... In 1986 it was estimated that there were 5,500 Bosnian Muslims in Australia including up to 2,000 born in Australia. The earliest signs of Bosnian Muslim community life have been evident since ... throughout the 20th century and more recently as a result of the Bosnian War which took place between March 1992 and November 1995. There were significant movements in the 1960s and 70s. Bosnian ... . List of notable Bosnian Australians This section is for notable people not ordinary people such as priests ... Religious Deer Park Mosque Penshurst Mosque See also Bosnian people Bosnians Bosniaks Bosnia and Herzegovina ... ViewBlog&BlogTopicID 5418 Bosnian Community Festival in Deer Park http www.sbs.com.au yourlanguage bosnian home page in english SBS Bosnian Australian Community Radio http www.bih.org.au Embassy of Bosnia ... cultural festivals past festivals bosnian herzegovinian festival Bosnian Herzegovinian Festival Melbourne http www.mov.vic.gov.au About MV News 2005 Bosnian Herzegovinian festival Bosnian Herzegovinian ... more details
overlooking Visoko, photo taken in 1973 Image Bosnian Pyramid.jpg right thumb 300px Viso ica overlooking Visoko in 2007 The term Bosnian pyramids has been used for a cluster of natural geological ... 2009, The Pyramid Man , Smithsonian 40 9 ref near the Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian town of Visoko ... download.html Pyramid No More , Sub Rosa, Issue 6, Oct 2006. ref ref name The great Bosnian pyramid scheme http www.britarch.ac.uk ba ba92 feat3.shtml The great Bosnian pyramid scheme by Anthony ... Additionally, scientists have criticised the Bosnian authorities for supporting the pyramid claim ... was publicised by Bosnian author and metalworker Semir Osmanagi . His subsequent excavations at the site ... at the site. ref name Bosnian Pyramids Update Mark Rose, http www.archaeology.org online features osmanagic update.html Bosnian Pyramids Update , Archaeology Magazine Online , 14 June 2006 ref The dig ... of the Moon Plje evica hill and the Pyramid of the Bosnian Dragon another two, Pyramid of the Earth ... were all built by the same people, with the Bosnian Pyramid being the last to be built. However ... Osmanagic Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun Candidate for Mother of all Pyramids , http www.fena.ba uk index.html ... Archaeological Park Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun Foundation . Accessed 13 July 2006. ref In October ... archaeology. ref name The great Bosnian pyramid scheme Comparison of pyramids.svg On 8 May 2006, members of the Geological team investigating Viso ica on behalf of the Archaeological Park Bosnian ... 08 language Bosnian publisher FEMA News Agency ref ref name vrabac cite web url http irna.lautre.net ... 04 17 language Bosnian ref According to Professor Vrabac, who specializes in paleogeology, there are dozens ... Bosnian pyramid created by nature, say European experts , Yahoo AFP, June 9, 2006. ref as recommending ... hawass.pdf Letter to Archaeology Magazine PDF ref The Archaeological Park Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun ... of pyramid, probably a primitive pyramid. ref name Bosnian Pyramids Update ref Aida Cerkez Robinson ... more details
Bosnian mujahideen ref Also spelt Mujahedin in some articles ref were foreign Muslim volunteers who fought on the side of Bosnian Muslims during the 1992 1995 Bosnian war . They arrived in Bosnia and Herzegovina ... disputed, ref http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world europe 1600107.stm BBC Analysis Bosnian stability ... towards Bosnian institution by foreign volunteers, can serve as a rough approximation. According to that approximation there were 400 foreign volunteers during the Bosnian War. ref name Radio .... Bosnian Serbian Croatian ref The war gave sudden and unexpected credence to the calls of violent radicals ... than anything since the creation of Israel in 1948. Bosnian War main Role of foreign fighters in the Bosnian ... judgement with the aim of helping their Bosnian Muslim Bosniaks Bosniak coreligionists to defend ... East . On 13 August 1993, the Bosnian government officially organized foreign volunteers into the detachment ..., deprived many necessities by the Serb forces. Once hostilities broke out between the Bosnian government ... population, because the Army of Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian army had thousands of troops ... as a defending army , but for arms. Many Bosnian Army officers and intellectuals were suspicious ... of Herzeg Bosnia without problems, unlike Bosnian Army soldiers who were regularly arrested by Croat ... survived without this help, as at the time a U.N. arms embargo diminished the Bosnian government s fighting ... hand, according to general Stjepan iber , the highest ranking ethnic Croat in Bosnian Army ... with the aim to justify the involvement of Croatia in the Bosnian War and the crimes committed by Croat forces. Although the Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovi regarded them as symbolically valuable ... Relationship to the Bosnian government army Although it is alleged that there were a number of mujahideen units in the Bosnian government army mostly by Role of the media in the Yugoslav wars Serb ... 1993, by the Bosnian Army, which decided to form a unit of foreign fighters in order to impose control ... more details
Cleanup rewrite date January 2010 Refimprove date April 2009 Infobox military conflict conflict Bosnian ... br Bosniaks Bosnian Muslims combatant3 commander1 flagicon Ottoman Empire Grand Vizier Mehmed Rashid ... strength1 strength2 strength3 casualties1 casualties2 casualties3 notes The Bosnian uprising also known as Great Bosnian Uprising was a revolt of Bosnian Muslims against the Ottoman Empire , which ... thumb right Sultan Mahmud II Mahmud II s actions were the catalyst for the Bosnian autonomy movement ... status and privileges Bosnian beys had enjoyed under the Ottoman Empire and coupled with the growing ... that of the rest of the Bosnian aristocracy. Grada evi threatened that he would use military ... one of his more trusted advisors. This culminated in Grada evi s large role in the Bosnian mobilization ... protests, newly autonomous Serbia was also given six districts Bosnian nahijas that had traditionally ... of historically Bosnian lands Citation needed date November 2010 , the Bosnian autonomy movement ... 5, another meeting was held in Tuzla to prepare for the revolt. From there, a call was issued to the Bosnian ... in Travnik . Since Travnik was the seat of the Bosnian pashaluk and the vizier, the planned meeting ... eventually accepted the honor. His new status was made official during an all Bosnian congress held ... at home in Sarajevo , he moved the center of Bosnian politics to Travnik , making it the de facto ... , a Bosnian congress, which together with him made up the Bosnian government. Citation needed date ... supporters of the Stolac opposition. A Bosnian delegation reached the Grand Vizier s camp in Skopje ... Bosnia. His true intentions, however, were manifested by early December when he attacked Bosnian ... forces. Due to a particularly strong winter though, the Bosnian troops were forced to return ... March of the next year. Receiving information that the Bosnian ranks were depleted due to the winter .... The Bosnian army was led by Grada evi himself, while the Ottoman troops were under the command ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 File Bosanskilonac.jpg thumb Bosnian Pot Bosnian Pot Bosanski Lonac is an authentic Bosnians Bosnia n culinary speciality, appreciated for its rich taste and flexibility. It is impossible to define the recipe for Bosanski lonac, as there are many variations, but the main ingredients are mostly the same meat and various vegetables. It has been on tables of both the rich and the poor for hundreds of years. Rich people used more meat and other expensive ingredients, while the poor used what was available. Typical ingredients are beef , Lamb and mutton lamb , cabbage , potatoes , tomatoes , carrots , parsley , garlic , black pepper peppercorns whole, not ground . Many different vegetables or meats may be used. The Bosanski lonac is prepared by layering meat and vegetables alternating layers of meat and vegetables until the pot is full into a deep cooking pot pot , then adding 1 2 dl water or white wine. The ingredients should be cut into large pieces rather than finely chopped or minced. Originally, Bosanski lonac was made in ceramic pots, that were then put in the fireplace or pit in the ground. That would be perfect, but today, not everyone has a fireplace available for cooking, so cooks may use a regular pot and their kitchen stove. Since the pieces of meat and vegetables are rather large, it takes about 4 hours till the meal is cooked. Category Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine Category Bosnia and Herzegovina culture Category Stews bs Bosanski lonac de Bosanski Lonac es Bosanski lonac hr Bosanski lonac sl Bosanski lonec sh Bosanski lonac ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 The rock music of Bosnia and Herzegovina mostly developed during the time when Bosnia was part of SFRY socialist Yugoslavia . The city of Sarajevo was, prior to the war, a center for Yugoslav rock music. Bands from this period included Plavi Orkestar , Bijelo Dugme , Indexi Zabranjeno Pu enje , Crvena Jabuka , and Divlje Jagode . Most of the bands in Sarajevo at the time were influenced by heavy metal pioneers such as Led Zeppelin , Queen band Queen , and Deep Purple . Punk music in Sarajevo was also influenced by major punk bands of the time, such as the Sex Pistols . Influenced by Bob Dylan , Kemal Monteno helped popularize folk rock . Goran Bregovic Goran Bregovi was a renowned songwriter and brought his band, Bijelo Dugme , to popular acclaim across Central Europe . Psychedelic rock was taken control of by the pioneers of Bosnian rock Indexi . Punk rock entered Bosnia from Slovenia , and it set roots in Sarajevo, Tuzla , Zenica and Biha . Rock music was most dominant in Bosnia and Herzegovina out of all the states in Yugoslavia . Bijelo Dugme was probably the most legendary and influential band of the Balkans. During the late 90s and the early 2000s many new bands have formed. Mainly Heavy Metal and Alternative bands like Sikter , Letu tuke, Skroz, Zoster band Zoster , Dubioza Kolektiv , and famous alternative singer Elvir Lakovi who represented Bosnia and Herzegovina at Eurovision . External links http bosnianrock.blogger.ba Bosnian Rock Portal See also Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina SFR Yugoslav Pop Rock scene World rock Category Bosnia and Herzegovina music Rock Category Rock music by nationality music genre stub ... more details
dablink This article refers to genocide during the 1992 1995 Bosnian War . Use dmy dates date June 2011 POV date November 2011 Infobox civilian attack title big Bosnian Genocide big partof Bosnian War ... susperp weapons numparts numpart dfens dfen footage The term Bosnian Genocide refers to either Srebrenica massacre the genocide committed by Bosnian Serb forces in Srebrenica in 1995 or the Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia ethnic cleansing campaign that took place throughout areas controlled by the Bosnian Serb Army during the 1992 1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian War . ref John Richard Thackrah ... is &as brr 0&cd 5 v onepage&q 22Bosnian 20Genocide 22&f false pp. 81,82 Bosnian genocide can mean ... the 1992 95 Bosnian War This reference post dates this lead in the article so there is no copy violation by Wikipdia. ref The events in Srebrenica in 1995 included the killing of more than 8,000 Bosnian Muslim s as well as the mass expulsion of another 25,000 30,000 Bosnian Muslims, in and around ... cleansing campaign that took place throughout areas controlled by the Bosnian Serb Army targeted Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats. The ethnic cleansing campaign included unlawful confinement ... that ethnic cleansing as carried out by elements of the Bosnian Serb army was genocide . ref ... By seeking to eliminate a part of the Bosniaks Bosnian Muslims , the Bosnian Serb forces committed genocide. They targeted for extinction the forty thousand Bosnian Muslims living in Srebrenica, a group which was emblematic of the Bosnian Muslims in general. They stripped all the male Muslim prisoners ... icty pressreal 2004 p860 e.htm UN.org ref In September 2006, former Bosnian Serb leader Momcilo Krajisnik ... 2006 JP MOW 1115e ref Ongoing Bosnian Genocide Trial Currently, former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan ... hearing at the ICJ. main Bosnian Genocide Case On 26 February 2007 the International Court of Justice ICJ , in the Bosnian Genocide Case concurred with the ICTY s earlier finding that the Srebrenica ... more details
unsourced date March 2009 Infobox Military Unit unit name br Bosnian Police image caption br Bosnian Federation Police Patch dates 1996 Present country Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia branch command structure Government type Police Police Force role Domestic Law Enforcement size Classified current commander garrison Sarajevo HQ ceremonial chief ceremonial chief label colonel of the regiment nickname motto colors Yellow & Blue march mascot battles notable commanders anniversaries The Bosnian Police consists of two police entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Police and the Republika Srpska Police . Bosnia also has its Counter Terrorism Agency State Investigation and Protection Agency SIPA . Bosnia s three ethnic party officials have reached an agreement to unify the police forces, like the army was unified, and it now awaits approval by the High Representative Miroslav Laj k. Police Ranks Chiefs of Police Chief Inspector General Inspector General Chief Inspector Inspectors Independent Inspector Senior Inspector Inspector Junior Inspector Police Officers Senior Sergeant Sergeant Senior Police Officer Police Officer Skra enice PU OKP Police Insignia br style clear left br style border 1px solid black background color white font size 95 align center align center colspan 7 big Chiefs of Police big align center align center bgcolor d7e8ff Glavni Generalni Inspektor DGS a Generalni Inspektor DGS a Glavni Inspektor br style clear left br style border 1px solid black background color white font size 95 align center align center colspan 8 big Inspectors big align center align center bgcolor d7e8ff Samostalni Inspektor Visi Inspektor Inspektor Mladi Inspektor br style clear left br style border 1px solid black background color white font size 95 align center align center colspan 4 big Police Officers big align center Deleted image removed Image OFBIHPoliceOR4.gif 75px Stariji Narednik align center bgcolor d7e8ff Stariji Narednik Narednik Stariji Policajac Policajac ... more details
Taxobox name Bosnian Pine status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 image Pinus heldreichii Orjen.jpg image width 240px regnum Plant ae divisio Pinophyta classis Pinophyta Pinopsida ordo Pinales familia Pinaceae genus Pine Pinus subgenus Pinus classification Pinus species P. heldreichii binomial Pinus heldreichii binomial authority H.Christ Image Heldreichii Orjen.jpg thumb right Pinus heldreichii on Orjen. 240px The Bosnian Pine Pinus heldreichii , synonym P. leucodermis family Pinaceae is a species of pine native to mountainous areas of the Balkans and southern Italy ref Coniferous forests Folke Andersson 2005 http books.google.bg books?id YoO8xKYSJAC&pg PA138&dq 22Pinus heldreichii 22&hl en&sa X&ei K3x4T5X1Baaj4gSO7e2ODw&redir esc y v onepage&q 22Pinus 20heldreichii 22&f false p.138 ref . It can be found in the mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia , southwestern Bulgaria , Albania , the Republic of Macedonia , Serbia , northern Greece south to Mount Olympus , and locally in southern Italy it is the symbol of the Pollino National Park , growing at 900 2,500 m altitude. It often reaches the tree line alpine tree line in this area. It is an evergreen tree is up to 25 35 m height, and 2 m trunk diameter. Image Distribution Abiesalba Pinusheldreichii Orjen.jpg thumb left The Distribution of Pinus heldreichii and Abies alba on Orjen have differing patterns. The mesophytic Silver Fir is restricted to humid northern sides whereas the xerophytic Bosnian Pine prefers south facing slopes. Image Heldreichii Orjen Beechforest.jpg thumb left Pinus heldreichii in beech forest on Orjen. It is a member of the Pinus classification hard pine group, Pinus subgenus Pinus , with leaf leaves needles in fascicles bundles of two, with a persistent sheath. They are 4.5 10 cm long and 1.5 2 mm thick. Bosnian Pine conifer cone cones are 5 9 cm long, with thin, fragile scales they are dark blue .... Cultivation and uses Bosnian Pine is a popular ornamental tree in park s and large garden s, giving ... more details
Bosnian Sanjak lang tr Bosna Sanca , lang sr was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire established in 1463 when Bosansko Kraji te was transformed to sanjak and Isa Beg Isakovi was appointed its first sanjakbey . ref cite book last1 first1 authorlink1 last2 first2 authorlink2 editor1 first editor1 last editor1 link others title Enciclopedia Croatica trans title url http www.scribd.com doc 24124044 Hrvatska enciklopedija Sv III Boja Bra C5 BE C4 91enje archiveurl archivedate format accessdate March 15, 2011 type edition III series volume date year 1942 month origyear publisher Naklada Hrvatskog Izdavala kog Bibliografskog Zavoda location Zagrem language Croatian isbn oclc doi id page 157 pages at trans chapter chapter chapterurl quote Kraji nik Isabeg imenovan je 1463 sand akbegom novoustrojenog sand aka Bosna ref bibcode laysummary laydate separator postscript lastauthoramp ref List of sanjakbey s of Bosnian Sanjak is the following ref cite book last1 first1 authorlink1 last2 first2 authorlink2 editor1 first editor1 last editor1 link others title Enciclopedia Croatica trans title url http www.scribd.com doc 24124044 Hrvatska enciklopedija Sv III Boja Bra C5 BE C4 91enje archiveurl archivedate format accessdate March 15, 2011 type edition III series volume date year 1942 month origyear publisher Naklada Hrvatskog Izdavala kog Bibliografskog Zavoda location Zagrem language Croatian isbn oclc doi id page 157 pages at trans chapter chapter chapterurl quote ref bibcode laysummary laydate separator postscript lastauthoramp ref Isa Beg Isakovi , beginning of 1463 spring of 1463 Mehmedbeg Minetovi , lang tr Mehmed Bey Minetoglu spring of 1463 February 7, 1464 Isa Beg Isakovi , February 7, 1464 1470 Ajazbeg, 1470 1475 Balibeg Malko evi , 1475 1476 Skenderbeg Mihajlovi , 1478 1480 Davud Pasha Dautbeg , 1480 Jahjabeg, 1482 1484 Had ibeg, 1484 Ajazbeg, 1484 1485 Skenderpa a Mihajlovi , 1485 1491 Jakubpa a, 1492 1494 Jahjapa a, 1494 Sinanpa a Borovini , 1496 ... more details
refimprove date June 2011 Sidebar track gauge Bosnian gauge refers to railways with a track gauge of RailGauge 760 . ref name Parovoz cite web url http parovoz.com spravka gauges en.php title Railroad Gauge Width accessdate 5 June 2011 ref ref cite book title The economy of East Central Europe 1815 1989 stages of transformation in a peripheral region author David Turnock publisher Routledge date 2006 page 98 ref It was used extensively in the former Austria Hungary Austro Hungarian Empire as a standardised form of narrow gauge . The name is also used for lines of the same gauge outside Bosnia, for example in Austria. ref cite web url http www.pinzgauer lokalbahn.at index.php unternehmen allgemeine info title ber das Unternehmen SLB Pinzgauer Lokalbahn publisher Pinzgauer Lokalbahn SLB Pinzgauer Lokalbahn ref History After a British proposal the 1878 Congress of Berlin Berlin Congress permitted Austria Hungary to occupy and govern Bosnia Herzegovina instead of Turkey, the 190 km long Brod, Bosnia and Herzegovina Brod Zenica military railway was built to support maneuvers and supply troops. It was completed in 1879, using the 760 mm temporary tracks and rolling stock used during the construction of the recently finished Temesv r Orsova line. The Zenica Sarajevo extension opened in 1882, with a loading gauge the same as that used on 1000 mm gauge railways, which was thought to be sufficient for general traffic including passenger services. ref name mkka The Brod Zenica Sarajevo Bosna Bahn lang hu Bosznav lgyi Vas t provided the basis for the narrow gauge railway network which was later established in Bosnia Herzegovina. In barely two decades a national 760 mm network was built. By the 1890s this stretched through Mostar to the Dalmatia Dalmatian border at Metkovic, and to Gravosa ... international professional circles. It was the success of the Bosnian narrow gauge net which gave ... History of Bosnian railways References reflist Navbox track gauge Category Track gauge by name Category ... more details
File Bosnian Crisis 1908.jpg thumb right 220px Cover of the French periodical Le Petit Journal on the Bosnian Crisis Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria declares independence and is proclaimed Tsar, and the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina, while the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II looks on. The Bosnian Crisis of 1908 1909, also known as the Annexation crisis , or the First Balkan Crisis , erupted into public view when on 6 October 1908, Austria Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina . Russian Empire Russia , the Ottoman Empire , Britain, Italy, Serbia, Montenegro, Germany and France took an interest in these events. In April 1909 the Treaty of Berlin 1878 Treaty of Berlin was amended to accept the new status quo bringing the crisis to an end. The crisis permanently damaged relations between Austria Hungary on the one hand and Russia and the Kingdom of Serbia on the other. The annexation and reactions to the annexation were contributing causes of World War I . Background Image Bosnia Herzegovina and Sanjak of Novibazar.JPG thumb 225px left Bosnia Herzegovina and the Sanjak of Novibazar Under article 25 of the Treaty of Berlin 1878 Treaty of Berlin of 1878 , Austria Hungary received special rights in the Ottoman Empire s provinces of Bosnia Herzegovina and the Sanjak of Novi Pazar . Article 25 stated The provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina shall be occupied and administered by Austria Hungary. and continued ... Austria Hungary reserves the right to maintain garrisons and to have military and trading roads over the whole area of that portion the Sanjak of Novibazar of the ancient Vilayet of Bosnia . ref Albertini 2005 22 23 . ref Austria ... from the Sanjak of Novibazar. Bulgarian independence and the Bosnian annexation were not countenanced ... company, New York. External links Commons category Bosnian Crisis http www.lib.byu.edu rdh wwi ... diplomacy DEFAULTSORT Bosnian Crisis Category History of Bosnia and Herzegovina Category World War ... more details
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