Maha Wetsandon Chadok ref , Boun Pha Vet in Laos ref http laovoices.com tag boun phavet Boun Pha Vet ref and as Bun Phawet Bun Phra Wes , Bun Duan Sii Merit making of the fourth month or Thet ... of its central role on the Thet Mahachat or Boun Pha Vet celebrations, the Vessantara Jataka is an important ... more details
Rancho Ca ada de San Felipe y Las Animas was a convert 8788 acre km2 sing on Ranchos of California Mexican land grant present day Santa Clara County, California given in 1839 by Governor Protem Manuel Jimeno to Thomas Bowen. ref Ogden Hoffman, 1862, Reports of Land Cases Determined in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California , Numa Hubert, San Francisco ref The grant extended along San Felipe Creek and Las Animas Creek in the Diablo Range , north east of Morgan Hill, California Morgan Hill . ref http content.cdlib.org ark 13030 hb600006bz ?&brand oac Dise o del Rancho Ca ada de San Felipe y Las Animas ref ref http cagenweb.com santaclara landgrants.html Early Santa Clara Ranchos, Grants, Patents and Maps ref Much of the grant is now under the waters of Anderson Reservoir . History Thomas Bowen Tomas Boun and Nathan Daly came to California in 1834 and received the two square league Rancho Ca ada de San Felipe y Las Animas from Governor Protem Manuel Jimeno Casarin in 1839. Charles Maria Weber , born in Germany, immigrated to America in 1836. He arrived in California with the Bartleson Bidwell Party in 1841. Weber settled in the Pueblo of San Jos in 1842. He was a grantee of Rancho Campo de los Franceses . Captain Charles Weber took part, for the United States in the Mexican American War , and in 1849 founded the city of Stockton, California Stockton . Webber acquired Rancho Ca ada de San Felipe y Las Animas, which became known as the Weber Ranch and later managed by his son, Charles Martin Weber. With the Mexican Cession cession of California to the United States following the Mexican American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, ref http content.cdlib.org view?docId hb109nb422&chunk.id c01 1.3.6.4&brand oac United States. District Court California Southern District Land Case 332 SD ref a ... more details
Burmese characters File Burmese style Wat Srichum, Lampang.jpg thumb An example of a pyathat roofed building at Wat Srichum in Lampang, Thailand File Great Audience Hall, Mandalay.jpg thumb The Mandalay Palace s Great Audience Hall features a prominent seven tiered pyatthat. Pyatthat lang my , IPA my pja a IPA from Sanskrit IAST pr s da lang mnw IPA mnw tan.c i IPA also spelt pyathat is the name of a multi tiered and spired roof commonly found in Burmese royal and Buddhist architecture, especially pagoda compounds, monasteries and palace buildings. The pyatthat is made of successive roofs, with a box like structure between each roof called the lebaw my . It is topped off with a finial called the taing bu my or kun bu my depending on its shape, similar to the hti , an umbrella ornament that tops Burmese pagodas. The edges of each tier are gold gilded decorative designs made of metal sheet, with decorative ornaments called du yin my at the corners analogous to the Thai chofah . There are three primary kinds of pyatthat, with the variation being the number of tiers called boun my , from Pali bhumi . Three tiered, five tiered and seven tiered roofs are called yahma , thooba , and thooyahma , respectively. ref cite book title The Burman, His Life and Notions last Scott first James George year 1910 publisher BiblioBazaar isbn 9781115231954 page 126 accessdate 2010 09 13 ref The usage of the pyatthat began early in Burmese architecture, with examples dating to the Pagan dynasty Pagan period . ref cite book title Imperial Pagan art and architecture of Burma last Strachan first Paul year 1990 publisher University of Hawaii Press isbn 9780824813253 pages accessdate 2010 09 13 ref Prominent examples from this era that feature the pyatthat include the Ananda Temple and Gawdawpalin Temple . In pre colonial Burma, the pyatthat was a prominent feature in the royal palaces, which itself symbolized Tavatimsa , a Buddhist heaven. Above the main ... more details
Infobox President name Souphanouvong image order 1st President of Laos primeminister Kaysone Phomvihane vicepresident term start 2 December 1975 term end 15 August 1991 predecessor successor Phoumi Vongvichit birth date birth date July 13, 1909 July 13, 1909 birth place Luang Phrabang , Laos death date death date January 9, 1995 January 9, 1995 aged 85 death place Vientiane spouse Nguyen Thi Ky Nam Viengkham Souphanouvong party Lao People s Revolutionary Party PPPL Prince Souphanouvong July 13, 1909 January 9, 1995 was, along with his half brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak town Champasak , one of the Three Princes who represented respectively the communist pro Vietnam , neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos . He was the figurehead President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991. Souphanouvong was one of the sons of Prince Bounkhong , the last Uparat vice king of Luang Prabang . Unlike his half brothers, Souvanna Phouma and Phetsarath , whose mothers were of royal birth, his mother was a commoner, Mom Kham Ouane . Educated in France and Vietnam , he eventually became a supporter of Ho Chi Minh and joined the Indochinese communist movement. In August 1950, Souphanouvong convened the first congress of the Lao Freedom Front Neo Lao Issara more generally known as the Pathet Lao which served as the vehicle for the communism communist challenge to French rule. Nicknamed The Red Prince , he became the figurehead leader of the Lao People s Revolutionary Party , and upon its successful seizure of power in 1975, he became the first President of the Lao People s Democratic Republic, a position which he held until his retirement in 1986. ref http www.encyclopedia.com topic Prince Souphanouvong.aspx ref After 1986, Phoumi Vongvichit Succeeded as president, Kaysone Phomvihane succeeded as president in 1991. In 1991, he became an Advisor of Party s Central Committee. Souphanouvong died on 12 January 1995 at the age of 86. ref http www ... more details
for the American politician from Florida Charles S. Dean, Sr. Image Charles Dean AP.jpg thumb Charlie Dean Charles Charlie Dean was the brother of Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean , Democracy for America Chairman Jim Dean DFA Jim Dean and political activist Bill Dean. In 1974, Charlie, who had been traveling through southeast Asia at the time, was captured and killed by Pathet Lao guerrilla s. His death and the subsequent repatriation of his remains to the United States have been the subject of speculation and controversy. Charlie attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he was active in student government and the anti war movement. In 1972, he went on to work as the Orange County, NC coordinator for Democratic Party United States Democrat George S. McGovern George S. McGovern s U.S. presidential election, 1972 1972 presidential campaign . In 1974, he traveled to Laos to visit a friend who worked for USAID . Together with an Australian friend named Neal Sharman, Charlie stayed in a bungalow on the Mekong River , planning to meet up with another friend who was serving in the Peace Corps in Nepal . Charlie s parents have speculated that he was in fact working for the CIA , although Howard Dean has stated that he does not think this to be the case. In early September, 1974, Charlie and Neal took a raft down the Mekong River to Thailand . They were stopped at a checkpoint near a small village called Pak Him Boun, two miles southeast of the capital of Laos, Vientiane , by Pathet Lao communist guerrillas who imprisoned the two, apparently because they were carrying cameras. The US Government U.S. Government learned of the capture, and Charlie was classified as a Prisoner of War POW Missing in Action MIA although he was a civilian. Charlie and Neal were executed by the Pathet Lao on or about December 14, 1974. In 2000, through accounts given by people who had seen the two young men killed, the site where Charlie and Neal were believe ... more details
Boun Oum of Champasak Province Champassak in the south, right wing, pro US, dominated the Pakse ... Minister with the backing of the communists. To avoid argument over whether Souvanna or Boun Oum .... In 1961, a majority of the National Assembly had already voted Boun Oum into power and King Savang ... more details
Phoumi Nosavan lang lo zh c p f m nu S w n 1920 1985 was a Laos Lao military and political figure of the Vietnam War Second Indochina War . Nosavan was of Chinese descent. ref http www.webcitation.org query?url http www.geocities.com khmerchronology convers041067.htm&date 2009 10 26 01 21 20 ZHOU ENLAI AND PHAM VAN DONG ref ref http www.wilsoncenter.org topics pubs ACFB39.pdf 77 CONVERSATIONS Between Chinese and Foreign Leaders on the Wars in Indochina, 1964 1977 ref ref zh icon http 202.116.13.5 news content.asp?newsid 8990 ref Backed by the CIA and the Programs Evaluation Office , Phoumi, then a colonel, became a cabinet minister in the right wing government of the Kingdom of Laos in February 1959 and a general several months later. Shortly after Kong Le s neutralist coup, he sought help from Sarit Dhanarajata to establish a competing capital in Savannakhet . He attacked Vientiane on September 18 but the neutralists with the help of the Pathet Lao and the Soviet Union Soviet s, repulsed the attack. A tripartite coalition government was formed between neutralists, communists and rightists on November 18, 1960. On December 8, Souvanna Phouma relieved Kong Le from his command, but the next day Kong Le deposed Souvanna Phouma who went to Cambodia and the leftist minister Quinim Pholsena was appointed premiere. On December 13, Phoumi began the Battle of Vientiane and victorious, installed Boun Oum as premier. In 1961, John F. Kennedy s administration opted for a neutralist coalition rather than risk an armed confrontation with the Russia ns over Laos, and Phoumi was ordered to merge his right wing government into a tripartite coalition under the leadership of Souvanna Phouma . When he refused despite personal appeals from President Kennedy and the assistant secretary of state, his CIA handler was transferred out of Laos and in February 1962 aid was cut to his government and army. Determined not to give in, he ordered General Oua ... more details
Lao Army Royal Lao Air Force Laotian people Anouvong Boun Oum Bounkhong Fa Khai Fa Ngum Khamphoui ... Boun Oum Bounkhong Khamphoui Mangkra Souvannaphouma Phetsarath Rattanavongsa Ratsadanay Sauryavong ... more details
This is a list of foreign minister s in 1950. Africa border 2 cellpadding 4 cellspacing 0 style margin 1em 1em 1em 0 background FCFDFF border 1px aaa solid border collapse collapse font size 95 Flag Country Foreign minister Term flagicon Egypt 1922 Kingdom of Egypt Egypt Hussein Sirri Pasha br Muhammad Salah al Din Bey 1949 1950 br 1950 1952 flagicon Ethiopia 1897 Ethiopian Empire Ethiopia Aklilu Habte Wold 1943 1958 flagicon Liberia Liberia Gabriel Lafayette Dennis 1944 1953 flagicon South Africa 1928 Union of South Africa South Africa Daniel Fran ois Malan 1948 1954 Asia border 2 cellpadding 4 cellspacing 0 style margin 1em 1em 1em 0 background FCFDFF border 1px aaa solid border collapse collapse font size 95 Flag Country Foreign minister Term flagicon Afghanistan 1931 Kingdom of Afghanistan Afghanistan Ali Mohammad Khan 1938 1952 flagicon Burma 1948 Burma E Maung br Sao Hkun Hkio 1949 1950 br 1950 1958 flagicon Ceylon Dominion of Ceylon Ceylon Don Stephen Senanayake 1948 1952 flagicon China, People s Republic of People s Republic of China China People s Republic of China Zhou Enlai 1949 1958 flagicon India India Jawaharlal Nehru 1947 1964 flagicon Indonesia Indonesia Mohammad Hatta br Mohammad Roem 1949 1950 br 1950 1951 flagicon Iran 1925 Pahlavi dynasty Iran Hossein Ala br Mahmud Salahi 1950 br 1950 1951 flagicon Iraq 1924 Kingdom of Iraq Iraq Muzahim al Bajaji br Tawfiq al Suwaidi br Shakir al Wadi 1949 1950 br 1950 br 1950 1951 flagicon Israel Israel Moshe Sharett 1948 1956 flagicon Japan alt Occupation of Japan Japan under occupation Shigeru Yoshida 1948 1954 flagicon Jordan Jordan Samir al Rifai br Muhammad ash Shuraiki br Ruhi Abdul Hadi br Samir al Rifai 1949 1950 br 1950 br 1950 br 1950 1951 flagicon North Korea North Korea Pak Hon yong 1948 1953 flagicon South Korea South Korea Yim Byeong sik 1949 1951 flagicon Laos colonial Kingdom of Laos Laos associated state of France Boun Oum Prince Boun Oum br Phoui Sananikone 1948 1950 br 1950 1951 flagicon Leban ... more details
Infobox Belgium Municipality name Sprimont picture Kierch vu Sprimont.jpg picture legend St. Martins l eglise de Sprimont map Sprimont Li ge Belgium Map.png map legend Location of Sprimont in Li ge province arms Escut Sprimont.jpg armes http commons.wikimedia.org wiki File Armes de SPRIMONT.png flag region BE REG WAL community BE FR province BE PROV LG arrondissement Arrondissement of Li ge Li ge nis 62100 pyramid date 0 19 20 64 65 foreigners foreigners date mayor Claude Ancion EC CDH MR majority EC Centre D mocrate Humaniste CDH Mouvement R formateur MR postal codes 4140, 4141 telephone area 04 web http www.sprimont.be www.sprimont.be lat deg 50 lat min 30 lon deg 05 lon min 40 Sprimont is a municipality of Belgium . It lies in the country s Wallonia Walloon Region and Liege province Province of Liege . On January 1, 2006 Sprimont had a total population of 12,782. The total area is 74.28 km² which gives a population density of 172 inhabitants per km . Etymology Sprimont is an ancient name, the earliest written records of which date from 855 and 856 AD. These are located in the Abbey de Stavlot. The etymology of Sprimont is uncertain. a priori and a posteriori A priori , it seems to be the name of a place however some historians propose that it may derive from a person s name. ref Bulletin et annales de l Academie d Archeologie de Belgique , vol. XXXVIII, Bulletin de l Institute Archeologique Liegeois , vol. VII ref Spellings of Sprimont may be different, depending on 1 the written language, and 2 the time period. Since Sprimont is more than 1,100 years old, a variety of different spellings are to be expected. For example, Ernst cites Sprismonte in 888 AD, and Martine & Duraud cite Sprismont in 1049. However, since about 1000 AD Sprimont seems to be exclusively used. In Bulletin de l Institute Archeologique Liegeois vol. VII , there are further references to the Teutonic Spir Boum, Spereboum, Sper Boun and the Frisian Spiri, Spere, Sper , as well as the Latin s ... more details
Expert subject Former countries date November 2008 This article is in US English Infobox Former Country native name br Phra Ratxa A na chak Lao br Royaume du Laos conventional long name Kingdom of Laos common name Laos continent moved from Category Asia to Southeast Asia region Southeast Asia country Laos year start 1949 year end 1975 date start July 19 date end December 2 event start Autonomy event end Pathet Lao established Lao PDR event1 Independence event2 Communist takeover date event1 November 9, 1953 date event2 August 23, 1975 p1 French Indochina flag p1 Flag of French Laos.svg p2 Kingdom of Luang Phrabang flag p2 s1 Laos flag s1 Flag of Laos.svg image flag Flag of Laos 1952 1975 .svg image coat Royal Coat of Arms of Laos.svg image map Laos orthographic map.png national anthem Pheng Xat Lao capital Vientiane Administrative Capital and br Luang Phabang Royal Capital latd 17 latm 58 latNS N longd 102 longm 36 longEW E common languages Lao language Lao , French language French de jure until 1954, de facto after 1954 government type Constitutional monarchy leader1 Sisavang Vong year leader1 1949 1959 leader2 Savang Vatthana year leader2 1959 1975 deputy1 Souvanna Phouma several times year deputy1 1962 1975 stat area1 236800 stat pop1 3100000 stat year1 currency Kip footnotes History of Laos The Kingdom of Laos was a sovereign state from 1953 until December 1975, when Pathet Lao overthrew the government and created the Lao People s Democratic Republic . ref http lcweb2.loc.gov frd cs laos la glos.html Library of Congress Laos Glossary ref Given self rule in 1949 as part of a federation with the rest of French Indochina, the 1953 Franco Lao Treaty finally established a sovereign, independent Laos, but did not stipulate who would rule the country. In the years that followed, three groups led by the so called Three Princes , contended for power the neutralists under Prince Souvanna Phouma , the right wing party under Prince Boun Oum of Champassak, a ... more details
Refimprove date March 2009 Image Clan member crest badge Clan Haldane.svg thumb Scottish crest badge Crest badge suitable to be worn by members of Clan Haldane. Clan Haldane is a Lowland Scottish clan . History Origins of the Haldanes of Gleneagles The following text is copied verbatim from The Haldanes of Gleneagles , General Sir Aylmer Haldane J. Aylmer L. Haldane , 1929, William Blackwood & Sons, Ltd., London and Edinburgh, which book is in the Public Domain since 2004. While this text may appear on some message boards, it is NOT a copyright violation. Contact John Haldane for more information. HISTORIANS and genealogists have ascribed various origins to the family Haldane. Sir James Dalrymple, Nisbet, and others have suggested its descent from a Danish chief called Haldanus, or from an Anglo Norman, Brien sup 1 sup by name, whose son Bernard came to Scotland during the reign of King William the Lion 1165 1214 , and was given by him a manor on the Border. sup 2 sup The legend of Danish descent, which probably arose from the resemblance of the family name to that of this chief, is not borne out by the Kelso charters. In one of these, sup 3 sup which is dated between 1165 and 1171, Bernard son of Brien is recorded, with some circumlocution, as granting to the monks of Kelso Abbey a carucate sup 4 sup of land, which they have in the town of Hauden, and which they had before I came to Hauden in perpetual alms by the same boun daries by which they had the same before I came to Hauden. A later charter from Bernard s nephew to the monks, which confirms the earlier gift, is couched in precisely the same words. sup 5 sup A perusal of these two documents shows unmistakably that before Bernard obtained his lands on the border, they bore the name of Hauden, and proves that his surname or rather that of his successor and his descendants, for he himself never dropped his designation of son of Brien was derived from the title by which the lands were known, and from it alone. Th ... more details
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