notability date August 2011 one source date August 2011 The Data Base Task Group DBTG was a working group founded in 1965 initially named the List Processing Task Force and later renamed to DBTG in 1967 by the Cobol Committee , formerly Programming Language Committee , of the Conference of Data Systems Language CODASYL . In April 1971, the DBTG published a report containing specifications of a Data Manipulation Language DML and a Data Definition Language DDL for standardization of Network model network database model . The first DBTG proposals had already been published in 1969. The specification was subsequently modified and developed in various committees and published by other reports in 1973 and 1978. The specification is often referred to as the DBTG database model or the CODASYL database model. As well as the data model, many basic concepts of database terminology were introduced by this group, notably the concepts of Database schema schema and subschema . Source Gunter Schlageter, Wolffried Stucky Datenbanksysteme Konzepte und Modelle , B. G. Teubner Stuttgart, 1983, ISBN 3 519 12339 8 Category History of software Category COBOL Category Data modeling languages database stub de Data Base Task Group pt DBTG ru Data Base Task Group scn Data Base Task Group simple Data Base Task Group ... more details
Wiktionary To alter generally means to change something, and may refer to Alter name , people named Alter Alter automobile Alter crater , a lunar crater Alter Channel , a Greek TV channel Archbishop Alter High School , a Roman Catholic high school in Kettering, Ohio Alter , a song by Raven from their 1994 album Glow Raven album Glow Self modifying code High level languages ALTER , a command in older implementations of COBOL Alter ego , or alter in popular usage, a second self Alter SQL Alter aircraft constructor Alter album Alter album , 2002 album by Floater Alter , 2006 remix album by Swiss band Knut band Knut See also Altar disambiguation disambig Category Latin adjectives in current use fr Alternatif it Alter nl Alter pt Alter ... more details
Ada , and COBOL programming language COBOL , as well as interpreters, command processors, and domain specific languages of many kinds. It is the primary technology used in IBM IBM s ILE 400 COBOL programming language COBOL compiler, ref Ian H. Carmichael and Stephen Perelgut. S SL revisited ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A Conditional Assembly Language is that part of an Assembly Language used to write Macro computer science macros . Example In the IBM conditional assembly language, the most important statements are MACRO and MEND used to start and finish a macro AIF, AGO, ANOP, AEND, AEXIT and MEXIT used to control the generation of different assembly language statements, depending on the nature of the macro s supplied arguments. SETx used to manipulate variables within the macro. Alternative use The conditional assembler is not restricted to generating assembler code and was in fact used by IBM in the 1970s onwards to generate COBOL or PL 1 statements for compiling into CICS application programs. DEFAULTSORT Conditional Assembly Language Category Assembly languages Compu lang stub ... more details
FACT may refer to Federation Against Copyright Theft Federation of American Consumers and Travelers FACT biology facilitates chromatin transcription , a protein factor affecting eukaryotic cells FACT the Foundation for Art and Creative Technology , a multimedia complex based in Liverpool, England FACT computer language , an early programming language that influenced the design of COBOL Cape Town International Airport , its ICAO airport code Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore Limited , a fertiliser and chemical manufacturing company in Kochi, Kerala, India FACT United Kingdom magazine , a British music and culture magazine First Aid Care Team Frolikha Adventure Coastline Track See also Fact Fact disambiguation disambig ... more details
IBM CICS Transaction Gateway provides secure access to CICS from Java applications, using Internet protocols for example TCP IP . CICS TG has an API to allow programmers to use the features of a J2EE compliant runtime environment. The CICS Universal Client is a part of the CICS Transaction Gateway, sometimes sold separately, which allows similar connections from C, C and COBOL to CICS. The Help for CICS Transaction Gateway is available to read http www 306.ibm.com software htp cics ctg library online and also in their http publib.boulder.ibm.com infocenter cicstgmp v7r2 index.jsp Information Center Category IBM software ... more details
Bob the Dinosaur is a fictional character in the comic strip and television series Dilbert . A vegetarianism vegetarian dinosaur who is the wedgie enforcer at the office. He was found after Dilbert calculated that dinosaurs could not be extinct, and they therefore must be in hiding. ref http www.dilbert.com fast 1989 07 17 ref Bob is found hidden behind the couch. Bob has a wife Dawn and son Rex , who also live in Dilbert s house, but they are seen far less frequently than he is, since most of his time is spent at Dilbert s office, where his wedgie duty is constantly needed while working with incompetent co workers, salesmen, or clients. He has also revealed that being a dinosaur he is, of course, mistaken for a COBOL programmer ref http www.dilbert.com fast 1997 11 04 ref . References reflist dilbert DEFAULTSORT Bob The Dinosaur Category Dilbert characters ... more details
and enterprise systems, and the deployment of CICS applications written in COBOL, C C , and PL I. You ... also provides an External File Handler EXTFH component which allows COBOL applications to transparently ... used in the COBOL applications would remain unchanged. As a result, the COBOL application programmer sees no apparent difference between a standard COBOL File I O and access to RDBMS through EXTFH ... COBOL, C, C , PL 1, and Core Java specialists to create simple solutions for business critical ... specific applications written in COBOL, C, C , PL 1, or Core Java applications running inside ... application As a stand alone COBOL, C, C , PL 1 or Core Java transaction server, connecting to a stand ... more details
words approximately 50 whereas CobolCOBOL has approximately 400. At the other end of the spectrum ... powerful a language is. COBOL was designed in the 1950s as a business language and was made to be self .... For example, compare the equivalent blocks of code from C and COBOL to calculate weekly ... source lang fortran Calculation in COBOL IF Salaried THEN MULTIPLY Payrate BY 40 GIVING Amount ... in COBOL IF Salaried COMPUTE Amount Payrate 40 ELSE COMPUTE Amount hours payrate END IF. source ... more details
of the program, the COMPILER section corresponding to COBOL s Procedure Division . The record fields PRODUCT NO and UNIT PRICE would have been defined in the DIRECTORY section corresponding to COBOL ..., Jean 1978 . The Early History of COBOL , http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 800025 History of Programming ... COBOL Category Programming languages created in the 1950s de FLOW MATIC es FLOW MATIC gl Flow ... more details
Notability date May 2009 Unreferenced date May 2009 Capex Corporation was a software house based in Phoenix, Arizona founded by three former employees of General Electric . It was subsequently acquired by Computer Associates . Products Optimizer Capex s IBM COBOL Compiler Compiler optimization optimizer using Peephole optimization This product had two significant additional components The first was called Analyzer, and the second was called Detector. The former allowed execution analysis giving a count of the number of times instructions were executed. This provided a way for the programmer to move code so that the most often executed conditions would be found first, thus saving time on needless IF statements. While this may not be significant for a few hundred input file records, it was very important when there were millions of input records. The latter, Detector, trapped execution abends , or abnormal ends to the execution of an instruction, displayed the contents of applicable fields, and could be told to apply a fix to the offending field so execution could continue. The programmer could then correct one or more error conditions later and recompile the program. Both were substantial time savers in mainframe OS MVS and DOS VSE COBOL environments. Computer Associates subsequently developed an additional product called CA OPTIMIZER II for the OS MVS environment. EZTEST CICS Interactive testing debugging tool for OS MVS and DOS VSE mainframe environments TLMS II A Tape Library Management System for IBM Mainframe OS MVS environments Manage DASD Software to accommodate Direct Access Storage Device maintenance on IBM OS MVS Mainframe systems LANPAR LANguage for Programming Arrays at Random Autotab an early batch spreadsheet program Autoplan an early batch spreadsheet program Category Defunct software companies of the United States ... more details
notability date September 2011 Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Systems Application Architecture SAA is a set of standards for computer software , developed by IBM in the 1980s and implemented in IBM operating system s including MVS , OS 400 and OS 2 . IBM AIX AIX , IBM s version of the UNIX operating system, is not a target of SAA, but does have interoperability with the SAA family. The purpose of the standard was to enable the development of interoperable software on different platforms and operating systems. The most important of the standards are Common Programming Interface CPI COBOL , Fortran , C programming language C , REXX Common User Access CUA Common Communication Support CCS IBM Systems Network Architecture SNA Of these, only the CUA, which standardizes parts of the user interface , remains influential. External links http www.faqs.org copyright systems application architecture common user access panel Systems Application Architecture Copyrights records , faqs.org DEFAULTSORT Ibm Systems Application Architecture Category IBM software Systems Application Architecture Software stub de Systems Application Architecture ja Systems Application Architecture ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 RAMIS Software is a fourth generation programming language capable of generating reports using simple language and many fewer lines of code than previous third generation programing languages such as COBOL . RAMIS and its most recent version dubbed RAMIS II were developed at Mathematica Products Group, in Princeton, New Jersey , in the late 1960s through the early 1980s. RAMIS is the predecessor of Information Builder s FOCUS , with Gerry Cohen as a common developer and IBI founder. RAMIS was available for purchase in a variety of environments, including starting in 1969 on a Royalties royalty basis from National CSS, Inc., on their Proprietary software proprietary time sharing system. Mathematica Products Group was acquired for a brief time by Martin Marietta Corporation . In 1987 RAMIS was sold to Online Software International until it was acquired by its current owners, Computer Associates , Long Island, New York . RAMIS stands for Rapid Access Management Information System. Software stub Category 4GL ... more details
dablink Not to be confused with Control Break displayed in MS DOS when cancelling an ongoing task by pressing break key Ctrl Break key combination. Orphan date February 2009 In a computer program, a control break occurs when there is a change in the value of one of the Key field key s on which a file is sorted which requires some extra processing. For example, with an input file sorted by post code, the number of items found in each postal district might need to be printed on a report, and a heading shown for the next district. Quite often there is a hierarchy of nested control breaks in a program, e.g. streets within districts within areas, with the need for a grand total at the end. Structured programming techniques have been developed to ensure correct processing of control breaks in languages such as COBOL and to ensure that conditions such as empty input files and sequence error s are handled properly. With fourth generation language s such as SQL , the programming language should handle most of the details of control breaks automatically. Category Conditional constructs Category Data management de Gruppenwechsel ... more details
Infobox programming language name COMTRAN released Start date 1957 developer Bob Bemer influenced by FLOW MATIC influenced COBOL website COMTRAN COMmercial TRANslator is an early programming language developed at IBM . It was intended as the business programming equivalent of the scientific programming language FORTRAN FORmula TRANslator . It served as one of the forerunners to the COBOL language. Developed by Bob Bemer , in 1957, the language was the first to feature the programming language element known as a picture clause . Contributions to COBOL Several elements of COMTRAN were incorporated into COBOL Picture clause . Paragraphing dividing code into paragraphs with line breaks not significant . Paragraph names. Assigning names to paragraphs, and jumps GO TO s are to a paragraph name, not to a line number. AT END clause on file input operations. Figurative constant HIGH VALUE. Passing a numeric value RETURN CODE back to the operating system when the program exit operating system terminates . Picture clause main Picture clause A picture clause element defines the length of any given datum, much like a dictionary defines words. In particular a picture clause determines whether the datum contains letters and numbers, and other characteristics of the data, including format, size, and data type. Sample program This is a sample COMTRAN program, doing payroll calculations. From IBM F28 8043 Commercial Translator General Reference Manual. ref http bitsavers.org pdf ibm 7090 F28 8043 CommercialTranslatorGenInfMan Ju60.pdf pdf, 8.2M See Pg 87. ref 01001 PROCEDURE 01002 CALL EMPLOYEE.NUMBER EMPLOYNO, 01003 BONDEDUCTION BONDEDUCT, 01004 BONDENOMINATION BONDENOM, 01005 BONDACCUMULATION BONDACCUM, 01006 INSURANCE.PREM INSPREM, 01007 RETIREMENT.PREM RETPREM, 01008 DEPARTMENT.TOTAl DPT. 01009 START. OPEN ALL FILES. 01010 GET.MASTER. GET MASTER, AT END DO END.OF.MASTERS. 01011 GET.DETAIL. GET DETAIL, AT END GO TO END.OF.DETAILS. 01012 COMPARE.EMPLOYEE.NUMBERS. GO TO COMPUTE.PAY ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 File IBM System360 Model 30.jpg thumb IBM System 360 Model 30 at the Computer History Museum . The IBM System 360 Model 30 was a popular IBM mainframe announced in 1964 across the world as the least powerful of the IBM System 360 System 360 range of four compatible computers the first range in the world to allow programs to be written that could be used across a range of computers. The Model 30 had a maximum main storage of 64K byte bytes its CPU used an 8 bit microarchitecture with only a few hardware register s everything that the programmer saw was emulated by the microprogram . Programming was mostly in the COBOL and Assembler languages for the commercial applications that were the predominant uses of this computer. Many installations included the IBM 1401 compatibility feature. The IBM operating system used was OS 360 or usually the realistically sized DOS 360 . Category IBM System 360 mainframe line System 360 30 mainframe compu stub ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 TBNF is an acronym for the phrase, Translational BNF . Backus Naur form BNF refers to Backus Normal Form which is a formal grammar notation used to define the syntax of computer languages, such as Algol, Ada, C , COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Perl, Python, and many others. TBNF goes beyond Backus Naur form BNF and Extended BNF EBNF grammar notation because it not only defines the syntax of a language, but also defines the structure of the abstract syntax tree abstract syntax tree AST to be created in memory and the output intermediate code to be generated. Thus TBNF defines the complete translation process from input text to intermediate code. The TBNF concept was first published in April 2006 in a paper at SIGPLAN Notices, a special interest group of the Association for Computing Machinery ACM . See the TBNF paper http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 1147218 at ACM . prog lang stub Category Compiler construction ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced October 2011 orphan February 2009 notability October 2011 Applications By Forms ABF is an early 4GL computer programming language provided by the Ingres database Ingres relational database . It provides an ASCII form painter, which automatically binds form fields to a database using ABF, a programming language, with embedded SQL , simplifying the task of making a Create, read, update and delete CRUD application for textual data. ABF source code is interpreted into a Third generation programming language 3GL language C programming language C or COBOL , which is then compiled so snippets of the native language may be directly embedded in the ABF code. ABF was deprecated by OpenROAD in the early nineties. Several other database vendors marketed comparable 4GL s at around the same time, such as IBM SystemBuilder Pick System Builder , Clipper programming language Clipper , and DBASE DBASE III . Category 4GL Category Proprietary database management systems prog lang stub ... more details
. The machine matched COBOL so closely that the COBOL compiler was simple and fast, and COBOL ... all result writing to be suppressed in overflow cases. Serial arithmetic worked very well for COBOL ... recognition MICR reader sorter, compiling COBOL applications, supporting on line transactions ... as functions within the operating system itself and exposed to the languages COBOL FILL ... and sometimes the program files for a particular application or customer client. blockquote COBOL to machine ... reflist Category Transistorized computers Category Burroughs mainframe computers Category COBOL ... more details
platform listed BASIC COBOL C programming language C C EGL programming language EGL Fortran Java ... 14H0922 IBM VisualAge for COBOL Standard is Year 2000 ready and Requires Warp Version 4.0 plus FixPak 1 or Windows NT 4.0 plus Service Pack 3 IBM Corp., IBM, 1997 . IBM VisualAge for COBOL Standard ... Part Number 4301978 IBM Corp., IBM, 1997 . IBM VisualAge for COBOL Getting Started on Windows Manual ...., IBM, September 1997 . IBM VisualAge for COBOL Getting Started on OS 2 Manual . IBM Corp. 2nd Edition. 156 pages Document Number GC26 9051 01 IBM Corp., IBM, April 1997 . Resource Catalogue for IBM COBOL ... more details
computer for which it was written operating system, job control language, COBOL programming language ... Enterprise Application Environment EAE and can generate COBOL code for Burroughs & Sperry mainframes ... system, COBOL application programming language, Work Flow Language WFL job control language , Unisys ... language 3rd GL COBOL application , DMSII database definition , NDLII network description , and WFL ... It provides an intuitive and easy to understand interface to the Burroughs DMS and COBOL programming ... and basis on Burroughs DMS and COBOL, which differ greatly from other computing platforms. People ... more details
CIL http www.microfocus.com products NetExpress Net Express a CLI implementation of COBOL http www.netcobol.com products windows netcobol.html NetCOBOL a CLI implementation of COBOL http www.nec.co.jp cced dotnetcobol COBOL2002 for .NET Framework a CLI implementation of COBOL http www.hitachi.co.jp Prod comp soft1 cobol info lineup topics dotnet cbl2002.html COBOL2002 for .NET Framework a CLI implementation of COBOL http www.sourceforge.net projects oxyscheme OxygenScheme a CLI implementation ... a CLI implementation of DIBOL http www.microfocus.com visualcobol Visual COBOL a CLI implementation of COBOL http www.GoVulcan.NET Vulcan.NET a CLI implementation of xBase Visual Objects X a CLI implementation ... more details
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