Carboxylyases , also known as decarboxylases , are carbon carbon lyases carbon carbon lyases that add or remove a carboxyl group from organic compound s. These enzyme s catalyze the decarboxylation of amino acids, beta keto acids and alpha keto acids http www.expasy.org cgi bin get entries?KW Decarboxylase . Classification and nomenclature Carboxylyases are categorized under Enzyme Commission number EC number 4.1.1. http www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk bsm enzymes ec4 ec01 ec01 index.html Usually, they are named after the substrate whose decarboxylation they catalyze , for example Pyruvate decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of Pyruvate Examples Aromatic L amino acid decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase Histidine decarboxylase Ornithine decarboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylase RuBisCO the only carboxylase that leads to a net fixation of carbon dioxide Uridine monophosphate synthetase Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase See also Enzyme s Lyase s List of EC numbers 28EC 4 29 EC 4.1.1 CarboxyLyases List of EC numbers of enzymes belonging to category EC 4.1 External links MeshName CarboxyLyases References div class references small style moz column count 2 column count 2 references div 4.1 enzyme stub Enzymes Carbon carbon lyases Category EC 4.1.1 de Decarboxylasen fr D carboxylase it Decarbossilasi ja ru ... more details
enzyme Name carboxy cis,cis muconate cyclase EC number 5.5.1.5 CAS number 37318 55 1 IUBMB EC number 5 5 1 5 GO code 0047768 image width caption In enzymology , a carboxy cis,cis muconate cyclase EC number 5.5.1.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3 carboxy 2,5 dihydro 5 oxofuran 2 acetate math rightleftharpoons math 3 carboxy cis,cis muconate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3 carboxy 2,5 dihydro 5 oxofuran 2 acetate , and one product chemistry product , 3 carboxy cis,cis muconate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically the class of intramolecular lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3 carboxy 2,5 dihydro 5 oxofuran 2 acetate lyase decyclizing . This enzyme is also called 3 carboxymuconate cyclase . This enzyme participates in benzoic acid benzoate degradation via hydroxylation . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 1JOF . References reflist 1 cite journal author GROSS SR, GAFFORD RD, TATUM EL date 1956 title The metabolism of protocatechuic acid by Neurospora journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 219 pages 781&ndash 96 pmid 13319299 issue 2 isomerase stub Category EC 5.5.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
carboxy terminal hydrolase L1 has been shown to Protein protein interaction interact with COP9 ... S title Low frequency of pathogenic mutations in the ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase gene in familial ... BS title The Ile93Met mutation in the ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1 gene is not observed ... title Intragenic deletion in the gene encoding ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase in gad mice journal ... last9 Ichihara first9 Nobutsune cite journal author Mellick GD, Silburn PA title The ubiquitin carboxy ... PDB Gallery geneid 7345 External links MeshName Ubiquitin Carboxy Terminal Hydrolase Esterases PBB ... more details
enzyme Name 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.69 CAS number 83137 76 2 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 69 GO code 0047556 image width caption In enzymology , a 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.69 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate math rightleftharpoons math 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate , and two product chemistry products , 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate carboxy lyase 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate forming . This enzyme is also called 3,4 dihydroxyphthalate carboxy lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Eaton RW, Ribbons DW date 1982 title Metabolism of dibutylphthalate and phthalate by Micrococcus sp. strain 12B journal J. Bacteriol. volume 151 pages 48&ndash 57 pmid 7085570 issue 1 pmc 220188 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.55 CAS number 37290 48 5 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 55 GO code 0018796 image width caption In enzymology , a 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.55 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate math rightleftharpoons math 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate , and two product chemistry products , 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate carboxy lyase 3,4 dihydroxybenzoate forming . This enzyme is also called 4,5 dihydroxyphthalate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in 2,4 dichlorobenzoate degradation . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ribbons DW and Evans WC date 1966 title Oxidative metabolism of phthalic acid by soil pseudomonads journal Biochem. J. volume 76 pages 310&ndash 318 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.80 CAS number 109300 96 1 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 80 GO code 0050546 image width caption In enzymology , a 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.80 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate math rightleftharpoons math 4 hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate , and two product chemistry products , 4 hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate carboxy lyase 4 hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde forming . This enzyme is also called 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate carboxy lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Rueffer M and Zenk MH date 1987 title Distant precursors of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids and their enzymatic formation journal Z. Naturforsch. C Biosci. volume 42 pages 319&ndash 332 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name aconitate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.6 CAS number 9025 01 8 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 6 GO code 0047613 image width caption In enzymology , an aconitate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.6 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction cis aconitate math rightleftharpoons math itaconate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , cis aconitate , and two product chemistry products , itaconate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cis aconitate carboxy lyase itaconate forming . Other names in common use include cis aconitic decarboxylase , CAD , cis aconitate carboxy lyase , and cis aconitate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in c5 branched dibasic acid metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author BENTLEY R, THIESSEN CP date 1957 title Biosynthesis of itaconic acid in Aspergillus terreus. III. The properties and reaction mechanism of cis aconitic acid decarboxylase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 226 pages 703&ndash 20 pmid 13438855 issue 2 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name arylmalonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.76 CAS number 144713 36 0 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 76 GO code 0047436 image width caption In enzymology , an arylmalonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.76 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 aryl 2 methylmalonate math rightleftharpoons math 2 arylpropanoate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 2 aryl 2 methylmalonate , and two product chemistry products , 2 arylpropanoate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2 aryl 2 methylmalonate carboxy lyase 2 arylpropanoate forming . Other names in common use include AMDASE , 2 aryl 2 methylmalonate carboxy lyase , and 2 aryl 2 methylmalonate carboxy lyase 2 arylpropionate forming . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2DGD . References reflist 1 cite journal author Miyamoto K, Ohta H date 1992 title Cloning and heterologous expression of a novel arylmalonate decarboxylase gene from Alcaligenes bronchisepticus KU 1201 journal Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. volume 38 pages 234&ndash 8 pmid 1369144 issue 2 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name o pyrocatechuate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.46 CAS number 37289 48 8 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 46 GO code 0050150 image width caption In enzymology , an o pyrocatechuate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.46 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2,3 dihydroxybenzoate math rightleftharpoons math catechol CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 2,3 dihydroxybenzoate , and two product chemistry products , catechol and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,3 dihydroxybenzoate carboxy lyase catechol forming . This enzyme is also called 2,3 dihydroxybenzoate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in benzoate degradation via hydroxylation and carbazole degradation . References reflist 1 cite journal author Rao PV, Moore K, Towers GH date 1967 title O pyrocatechiuc acid carboxy lyase from Aspergillus niger journal Arch. Biochem. Biophys. volume 122 pages 466&ndash 73 pmid 6066253 doi 10.1016 0003 9861 67 90220 2 issue 2 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name UDP galacturonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.67 CAS number 9054 79 9 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 67 GO code 0050374 image width caption In enzymology , an UDP galacturonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.67 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP D galacturonate math rightleftharpoons math UDP L arabinose CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , UDP D galacturonate , and two product chemistry products , UDP L arabinose and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP D galacturonate carboxy lyase UDP L arabinose forming . Other names in common use include UDP galacturonic acid decarboxylase , UDPGalUA carboxy lyase , and UDP D galacturonate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in nucleotide sugars metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Fan D F and Feingold DS date 1972 title UDPgalacturonic acid decarboxylase from Ampullariella digitata journal Methods Enzymol. volume 28B pages 438&ndash 439 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name sulfinoalanine decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.29 CAS number 62213 10 9 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 29 GO code 0004782 image width caption In enzymology , a sulfinoalanine decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.29 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3 sulfino L alanine math rightleftharpoons math hypotaurine CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3 sulfino L alanine , and two product chemistry products , hypotaurine and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3 sulfino L alanine carboxy lyase hypotaurine forming . Other names in common use include cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase , L cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase , cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase , CADCase CSADCase , CSAD , cysteic decarboxylase , cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase , cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase , sulfoalanine decarboxylase , and 3 sulfino L alanine carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , pyridoxal phosphate . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2JIS . References reflist 1 cite journal author Guion Rain M C, Portemer C, Chatagner F date 1975 title Rat liver cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase purification, new appraisal of the molecular weight and determination of catalytic properties journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 384 pages 265&ndash 76 pmid 236774 issue 1 cite journal author JACOBSEN JG, THOMAS LL, SMITH LH Jr date 1964 title PROPERTIES AND DISTRIBUTION OF MAMMALIAN L CYSTEINE SULFINATE CARBOXY LYASES journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 85 pages 103&ndash 16 pmid 14159288 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes Category Enzymes o ... more details
enzyme Name 2 oxoglutarate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.71 CAS number 37205 42 8 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 71 GO code 0008683 image width caption In enzymology , a 2 oxoglutarate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.71 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 oxoglutarate math rightleftharpoons math succinate semialdehyde CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 2 oxoglutarate , and two product chemistry products , succinate semialdehyde and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2 oxoglutarate carboxy lyase succinate semialdehyde forming . Other names in common use include oxoglutarate decarboxylase , alpha ketoglutarate decarboxylase , alpha ketoglutaric decarboxylase , oxoglutarate decarboxylase , pre 2 oxoglutarate decarboxylase , and 2 oxoglutarate carboxy lyase . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , thiamin diphosphate . References reflist 1 cite journal author Shigeoka S, Onishi T, Maeda K, Nakano Y and Kitaoka S date 1986 title Occurrence of thiamin pyrophosphate dependent 2 oxoglutarate decarboxylase in mitochondria of Euglena gracilis journal FEBS Lett. volume 195 pages 43&ndash 47 doi 10.1016 0014 5793 86 80126 0 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Thiamine enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 3 oxolaurate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.56 CAS number 37290 49 6 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 56 GO code 0050410 image width caption In enzymology , a 3 oxolaurate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.56 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3 oxododecanoate math rightleftharpoons math 2 undecanone CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3 oxododecanoate , and two product chemistry products , 2 undecanone and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3 oxododecanoate carboxy lyase 2 undecanone forming . Other names in common use include beta ketolaurate decarboxylase , beta ketoacyl decarboxylase , and 3 oxododecanoate carboxy lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author FRANKE W, PLATZECK A, EICHHORN G date 1961 title On the knowledge of fatty acid catabolism by mold fungi. III. On a decarboxylase for average beta ketomonocarbonic acids beta ketolaurate decarboxylase journal Arch. Mikrobiol. volume 40 issue 1 pages 73&ndash 93 pmid 13701396 doi 10.1007 BF00408834 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 4 oxalocrotonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.77 CAS number 37325 55 6 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 77 GO code 0047437 image width caption In enzymology , a 4 oxalocrotonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.77 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 4 oxalocrotonate math rightleftharpoons math 2 oxopent 4 enoate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 4 oxalocrotonate , and two product chemistry products , 2 oxopent 4 enoate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4 oxalocrotonate carboxy lyase 2 oxopent 4 enoate forming . This enzyme is also called 4 oxalocrotonate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in 3 metabolism metabolic pathways benzoate degradation via hydroxylation , toluene and xylene degradation , and fluorene degradation . References reflist 1 cite journal author Shingler V, Powlowski J, Marklund U date 1992 title Nucleotide sequence and functional analysis of the complete phenol 3,4 dimethylphenol catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas sp strain CF600 journal J. Bacteriol. volume 174 pages 711&ndash 24 pmid 1732207 issue 3 pmc 206147 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 5 guanidino 2 oxopentanoate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.75 CAS number 56831 67 5 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 75 GO code 0047435 image width caption In enzymology , a 5 guanidino 2 oxopentanoate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.75 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 5 guanidino 2 oxo pentanoate math rightleftharpoons math 4 guanidinobutanal CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 5 guanidino 2 oxo pentanoate , and two product chemistry products , 4 guanidinobutanal and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5 guanidino 2 oxo pentanoate carboxy lyase 4 guanidinobutanal forming . Other names in common use include alpha ketoarginine decarboxylase , and 2 oxo 5 guanidinopentanoate carboxy lyase . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors thiamin diphosphate , and Divalent cation . References reflist 1 cite journal author Vanderbilt AS, Gaby NS, Rodwell VW date 1975 title Intermediates and enzymes between alpha ketoarginine and gamma guanidinobutyrate in the L arginine catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 250 pages 5322&ndash 9 pmid 237915 issue 14 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Thiamine enzymes Category Divalent cation enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.68 CAS number IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 68 GO code 0018800 image width caption In enzymology , a 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.68 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate math rightleftharpoons math 2 oxohept 3 enedioate CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate, and two product chemistry products , 2 oxohept 3 enedioate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate carboxy lyase 2 oxohept 3 enedioate forming . Other names in common use include 5 carboxymethyl 2 oxo hex 3 ene 1,6 dioate decarboxylase , and 5 oxopent 3 ene 1,2,5 tricarboxylate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 1I7O . References reflist 1 cite journal doi 10.1111 j.1432 1033.1981.tb06377.x author Garrido Pertierra A and Cooper RA date 1981 title Identification and purification of distinct isomerase and decarboxylase enzymes involved in the 4 hydroxyphenylacetate pathway of Escherichia coli journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 117 pages 581&ndash 584 pmid 7026235 issue 3 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name 6 methylsalicylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.52 CAS number 37289 50 2 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 52 GO code 0047596 image width caption In enzymology , a 6 methylsalicylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.52 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 6 methylsalicylate math rightleftharpoons math 3 cresol CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 6 methylsalicylate , and two product chemistry products , 3 cresol and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 6 methylsalicylate carboxy lyase 3 cresol forming . Other names in common use include 6 methylsalicylic acid 2,6 cresotic acid decarboxylase , 6 MSA decarboxylase , and 6 methylsalicylate carboxy lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Light RJ date 1969 title 6 methylsalicylic acid decarboxylase from Penicillium patulum journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 191 pages 430&ndash 8 pmid 5354271 issue 2 doi 10.1016 0005 2744 69 90262 9 cite journal author Vogel G and Lynen F date 1970 title 6 Methylsalicylsaure Decarboxylase journal Naturwissenschaften volume 57 page 664 doi 10.1007 BF00598791 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name Acetylenedicarboxylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.78 CAS number 72561 10 5 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 78 GO code 0050476 image width caption In enzymology , an acetylenedicarboxylate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.78 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction acetylenedicarboxylate H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate CO sub 2 sub Thus, the two enzyme substrate substrates of this enzyme are acetylenedicarboxylic acid acetylenedicarboxylate and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetylenedicarboxylate carboxy lyase pyruvate forming . Other names in common use include acetylenedicarboxylate hydratase , acetylenedicarboxylate hydrase , and acetylenedicarboxylate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Yamada EW and Jakoby WB date 1958 title Enzymatic utilization of acetylenic compounds. I. An enzyme converting acetylenedicarboxylic acid to pyruvate journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 233 pages 706&ndash 711 pmid 13575441 issue 3 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name branched chain 2 oxoacid decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.72 CAS number 63653 19 0 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 72 GO code 0047433 image width caption In enzymology , a branched chain 2 oxoacid decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.72 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3S 3 methyl 2 oxopentanoate math rightleftharpoons math 2 methylbutanal CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3S 3 methyl 2 oxopentanoate , and two product chemistry products , 2 methylbutanal and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3S 3 methyl 2 oxopentanoate carboxy lyase 2 methylbutanal forming . Other names in common use include branched chain oxo acid decarboxylase , branched chain alpha keto acid decarboxylase , branched chain keto acid decarboxylase , BCKA , and 3S 3 methyl 2 oxopentanoate carboxy lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Oku H, Kaneda T date 1988 title Biosynthesis of branched chain fatty acids in Bacillus subtilis. A decarboxylase is essential for branched chain fatty acid synthetase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 263 pages 18386&ndash 96 pmid 3142877 issue 34 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name carnitine decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.42 CAS number 37237 38 0 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 42 GO code 0047729 image width caption In enzymology , a carnitine decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.42 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction carnitine math rightleftharpoons math 2 methylcholine CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , carnitine , and two product chemistry products , 2 methylcholine and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is carnitine carboxy lyase 2 methylcholine forming . This enzyme is also called carnitine carboxy lyase . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , Adenosine triphosphate ATP . References reflist 1 cite journal author Khairallah EA, Wolf G date 1967 title Carnitine decarboxylase. The conversion of carnitine to beta methylcholine journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 242 pages 32&ndash 9 pmid 6016331 issue 1 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name dehydro L gulonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.34 CAS number 9024 67 3 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 34 GO code 0047842 image width caption In enzymology , a dehydro L gulonate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.34 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3 dehydro L gulonate math rightleftharpoons math L xylulose CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3 dehydro L gulonate , and two product chemistry products , L xylulose and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3 dehydro L gulonate carboxy lyase L xylulose forming . Other names in common use include keto L gulonate decarboxylase , 3 keto L gulonate decarboxylase , and 3 dehydro L gulonate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in pentose and glucuronate interconversions . References reflist 1 cite journal author Smiley JD and Ashwell G date 1961 title Purification and properties of beta L hydroxy acid dehydrogenase II. Isolation of beta keto L gluconic acid, an intermediate in L xylulose biosynthesis journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 236 pages 357&ndash 364 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name diaminopimelate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.20 CAS number 9024 75 3 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 20 GO code 0008836 image width caption In enzymology , a diaminopimelate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.20 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction meso 2,6 diaminoheptanedioate math rightleftharpoons math L lysine CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , meso 2,6 diaminoheptanedioate , and two product chemistry products , L lysine and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is meso 2,6 diaminoheptanedioate carboxy lyase L lysine forming . Other names in common use include diaminopimelic acid decarboxylase , meso diaminopimelate decarboxylase , DAP decarboxylase , and meso 2,6 diaminoheptanedioate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in lysine biosynthesis . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , pyridoxal phosphate . Structural studies As of late 2007, 8 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1HKV , PDB link 1HKW , PDB link 1KNW , PDB link 1KO0 , PDB link 1TUF , PDB link 1TWI , PDB link 2O0T , and PDB link 2P3E . References reflist cite doi 10.1016 0006 3002 55 90257 2 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name dihydroxyfumarate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.54 CAS number 37289 51 3 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 54 GO code 0047858 image width caption In enzymology , a dihydroxyfumarate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.54 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction dihydroxyfumarate math rightleftharpoons math tartronate semialdehyde CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , dihydroxyfumarate , and two product chemistry products , tartronate semialdehyde and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is dihydroxyfumarate carboxy lyase tartronate semialdehyde forming . This enzyme is also called dihydroxyfumarate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Fukumaga K date Tokyo title Metabolism of dihydroxyfumarate, hydroxypyruvate, and their related compounds. I. Enzymic formation of xylulose in liver journal J. volume Biochem. pages 741&ndash 754 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name gallate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.59 CAS number 37290 51 0 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 59 GO code 0018798 image width caption In enzymology , a gallate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.59 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3,4,5 trihydroxybenzoate math rightleftharpoons math pyrogallol CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3,4,5 trihydroxybenzoate , and two product chemistry products , pyrogallol and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3,4,5 trihydroxybenzoate carboxy lyase pyrogallol forming . Other names in common use include gallic acid decarboxylase , and gallate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in benzoate degradation via coa ligation . References reflist 1 cite journal author Grant DJW and Patel JC date 1969 title Non oxidative decarboxylation of p hydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid by Klebsiella aerogenes Aerobacter aerogenes journal J. Microbiol. Serol. volume 35 pages 325&ndash 343 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name gentisate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.62 CAS number 37290 54 3 IUBMB EC number 4 1 1 62 GO code 0047923 image width caption In enzymology , a gentisate decarboxylase EC number 4.1.1.62 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2,5 dihydroxybenzoate math rightleftharpoons math hydroquinone CO sub 2 sub Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 2,5 dihydroxybenzoate , and two product chemistry products , hydroquinone and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the carboxy lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,5 dihydroxybenzoate carboxy lyase hydroquinone forming . Other names in common use include 2,5 dihydroxybenzoate decarboxylase , and gentisate carboxy lyase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Grant DJW and Patel JC date 1969 title Non oxidative decarboxylation of p hydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid by Klebsiella aerogenes Aerobacter aerogenes journal J. Microbiol. Serol. volume 35 pages 325&ndash 343 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
