PBB geneid 990 Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC6 ... CDC6 Cdc18 Associates with Orc1 and Cyclin cdk and Is Selectively Eliminated from the Nucleus at the Onset ... by this gene is highly similar to Cdc6 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6 , a protein essential for the initiation ... proteins. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene CDC6 cell division cycle 6 homolog S. cerevisiae ... ref Interactions CDC6 has been shown to Protein protein interaction interact with ORC1L , ref name ... Z H, Hendricks M, Parvin J D, Dutta A year 1998 month May. title Human CDC6 Cdc18 Associates with Orc1 ... Origin Recognition Complex, Cdc6, and Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins during the Cell Cycle Assembly ... J, Helin K year 1999 month January title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A CDK2 ... 2A, Interacts with Cdc6 and Modulates DNA Replication in Human Cells journal Mol. Cell. Biol ... month September title Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular localization, interaction ... ref MCM7 ref name pmid12614612 ref name pmid10464337 and PSKH1 . ref name pmid9889196 See also Cdc6Cdc6 homolog in Saccharomyces cerevisiae References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Yan Z, DeGregori J, Shohet R, et al. title Cdc6 is regulated by E2F ... CDC6 Is Dependent on E2F journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 18 issue 11 pages 6679 97 year 1998 pmid ... of cell growth dependent expression of mammalian CDC6 gene by the cell cycle transcription factor ... cite journal author Stoeber K, Mills AD, Kubota Y, et al. title Cdc6 protein causes premature entry ... J, S rensen CS, et al. title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A CDK2 regulates its subcellular ... of the sequence responsible for the nuclear localization of human Cdc6 journal FEBS Lett. volume ... al. title Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular localization, interaction with the human ... 2A, Interacts with Cdc6 and Modulates DNA Replication in Human Cells journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume ... more details
protein Name Cdc6 image Cdc6.png width 125 caption Crystal Structure of CDC6p from P. aerophilum . ref name pmid11030343 PDB 1FNN cite journal author Liu J, Smith CL, DeRyckere D, DeAngelis K, Martin GS, Berger JM title Structure and function of Cdc6 Cdc18 implications for origin recognition and checkpoint ... doi 10.1016 S1097 2765 00 00062 9 url issn ref Symbol Cdc6 AltSymbols YJL194W EntrezGene 853244 UniProt P09119 PDB 1FNN Cdc6 , or Cell Division Cycle 6, is a protein in eukaryotic cells that is studied ... proteins AAA ATPases and highly associated to Orc1p. Function Image CDC6 Function.jpg thumb left 300px Potential role of Cdc6 at the initiation of DNA replication. ref name pmid18048387 cite journal author Borlado LR, M ndez J title CDC6 from DNA replication to cell cycle checkpoints and oncogenesis ... author Speck C, Chen Z, Li H, Stillman B title ATPase dependent cooperative binding of ORC and Cdc6 ... Identification and characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6 DNA binding properties journal ... http www.molbiolcell.org cgi content abstract 11 5 1673 issn ref Furthermore Cdc6 indirectly inhibits .... ref name pmid1600944 cite journal author Bueno A, Russell P title Dual functions of CDC6 a yeast ... present at high levels during the G1 phase of the cell cycle . This is partly because the CDC6 ... oncogenic activity. Cdc6 overexpression interferes with the expression of ARF tumor suppressor INK4 ... indicate that deregulation of CDC6 expression in human cells poses a serious risk of carcinogenesis. ref name pmid18048387 Down regulation of CDC6 in prostate cancer was observed and associated with phenotypic ... Robles LD, Frost AR, Davila M, Hutson AD, Grizzle WE, Chakrabarti R title Down regulation of Cdc6, a cell ... observed that Cdc6 is greatly up regulated in cervical cancer , lung cancer and brain cancer . ref name ... year 2007 month December pmid 17690155 doi 10.1096 fj.07 8900rev url ref See also CDC6Cdc6 homolog in humans References Reflist External links http db.yeastgenome.org cgi bin locus.pl?locus YJL194W Cdc6 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 INK4 is a tumour suppressor protein. It is associated with several genes, including p16INK4a and p14ARF , and with several other proteins, like HRAS . ref http www.nature.com nature journal v440 n7084 abs nature04585.html Oncogenic activity of Cdc6 through repression of the INK4 ARF locus Nature Bot generated title ref Lack of this protein has been associated with several types of cancer, including bladder and melanoma. The INK4 label is given to three proteins INK4A and INK4B . These proteins act to inhibit cdk4 and cdk6 upon binding, causing the arrest of the cell cycle in G1. ref http www.chemistry.ohio state.edu tsai tumor suppressor.htm INK4 Tumor Suppressor Proteins in the CDK4 Bot generated title ref References Reflist Category Proteins genetics stub ... more details
. Two of the proteins synthesised are called Cdc6 and Cdt1 and are only synthesised in G1 phase. These two ... hexamer acts as a helicase unwinding the double stranded DNA. At this point Cdc6 leaves the complex ... G1 phase and enters S phase when replication starts. From the above sequence we can see that Cdc6 ... more details
Pfam box Symbol MCM Name MCM2 3 5 family image PDB 1ltl EBI.jpg width caption Structure of MCM from archaeal M. Thermoautotrophicum . ref name pmid12548282 cite journal author Fletcher RJ, Bishop BE, Leon RP, Sclafani RA, Ogata CM, Chen XS title The structure and function of MCM from archaeal M. Thermoautotrophicum journal Nat. Struct. Biol. volume 10 issue 3 pages 160 7 year 2003 month March pmid 12548282 doi 10.1038 nsb893 url ref Pfam PF00493 Pfam clan CL0023 InterPro IPR001208 SMART SM00350 PROSITE PDOC00662 SCOP TCDB OPM family OPM protein PDB PDB2 1ltl Image CDC6 Function.jpg thumb Potential role of Cdc6 at the initiation of DNA replication. ref name pmid18048387 cite journal author Borlado LR, M ndez J title CDC6 from DNA replication to cell cycle checkpoints and oncogenesis journal Carcinogenesis volume 29 issue 2 pages 237 43 year 2008 month February pmid 18048387 doi 10.1093 carcin bgm268 url issn ref Mini Chromosome Maintenance complex , or Minichromosome Maintenance protein complex or mini chromosome maintenance MCM 2 7 helicase complex has a role in both the initiation and the elongation phases of eukaryotic DNA replication , specifically the formation and elongation of the replication fork . MCM is a component of the pre replication complex , which is a component of the licensing factor . MCM is a hexamer of six related polypeptides mcm2 7 that form a ring structure. ref name pmid15210935 cite journal author Cortez D, Glick G, Elledge SJ title Minichromosome maintenance proteins are direct targets of the ATM and ATR checkpoint kinases journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 101 issue 27 pages 10078 83 year 2004 month July pmid 15210935 pmc 454167 doi 10.1073 pnas.0403410101 url issn ref ref name pmid11821426 cite journal author Carpentieri F, De Felice M, De Falco M, Rossi M, Pisani FM title Physical and functional interaction between the mini chromosome maintenance like DNA helicase and the single stranded DNA binding protein from the crenarchaeo ... more details
recognition complex ORC protein, Cdc6 , and a homohexamer of the Mini Chromosome Maintenance MCM protein ... of six ORC proteins ORC1 6 , Cdc6, Cdt1 , and a heterohexamer of the six MCM proteins MCM2 ... eukaryotes Cdc6 is replaced by the homologous Cdc18 protein. Sap1 is also included in the S. pombe pre .... After this, Cdc6 and the MCM homohexameric complex bind in a sequential fashion. Eukaryotes have the most complex pre RC. After ORC1 6 bind the origin of replication, Cdc6 is recruited. Cdc6 recruits the licensing factor Cdt1 and MCM2 7. Cdt1 binding and ATP hydrolysis by the ORC and Cdc6 load MCM2 7 onto DNA. There is a stoichiometric excess of the MCM proteins over the ORC and Cdc6 proteins, indicating ..., MCM heterohexamer is phosphorylated by CDC7 and CDK, which displaces Cdc6 and recruits MCM10 ... from the nucleus, targeting Cdc6 for degradation by the proteasome , and dissociating ORC1 6 from ... . Known mutations are in the ORC1 , ORC4, ORC6, CDT1, and CDC6 genes. The disease phenotype ... more details
PBB geneid 5681 Serine threonine protein kinase H1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PSKH1 gene . ref name pmid8268911 cite journal author Larsen F, Solheim J, Kristensen T, Kolsto AB, Prydz H title A tight cluster of five unrelated human genes on chromosome 16q22.1 journal Hum Mol Genet volume 2 issue 10 pages 1589 95 year 1994 month Feb pmid 8268911 pmc doi 10.1093 hmg 2.10.1589 ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene PSKH1 protein serine kinase H1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 5681 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text Interactions PSKH1 has been shown to Protein protein interaction interact with CDC6 . ref name pmid9889196 cite journal last Petersen first B O authorlink coauthors Lukas J, S rensen C S, Bartek J, Helin K year 1999 month Jan. title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A CDK2 regulates its subcellular localization journal EMBO J. volume 18 issue 2 pages 396 410 publisher location ENGLAND issn 0261 4189 pmid 9889196 doi 10.1093 emboj 18.2.396 bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote pmc 1171134 ref References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Hanks SK title Homology probing identification of cDNA clones encoding members of the protein serine kinase family. journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 84 issue 2 pages 388 92 year 1987 pmid 2948189 doi 10.1073 pnas.84.2.388 pmc 304212 cite journal author Petersen BO, Lukas J, S rensen CS, et al. title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A CDK2 regulates its subcellular localization. journal EMBO J. volume 18 issue 2 pages 396 410 year 1999 pmid 9889196 doi 10.1093 emboj 18.2.396 pmc 1171134 cite journal author Amarzguioui M, Brede G, Babaie E, et al. title Secondary structure prediction and in vi ... more details
Cdc6 , Tah11 aka Cdt1 , and the MCM2 Mcm2 MCM7 Mcm7 complex. ref name pmid7892251 cite journal author ... cooperative binding of ORC and Cdc6 to origin DNA journal Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. volume 12 ... doi 10.1016 j.febslet.2004.12.011 url ref Cell cycle regulated phosphorylation of Orc2, Orc6, Cdc6 ... H, Stillman B title ATPase dependent cooperative binding of ORC and Cdc6 to origin DNA journal Nat ... Sequential ATP hydrolysis by Cdc6 and ORC directs loading of the Mcm2 7 helicase journal Mol. Cell volume ... more details
pre RC.png thumb 350px Pre RC assembly involves the assembly of the ORC subunits, Cdc6 and Cdt1 ... at specific stages of the cell cycle. ref name Bell2002 Cdc6 and Cdt1 Cdc6 and Cdt1 assemble on the ORC ... Cdc6 to mark it for degradation by the SCF in late G1 and early S phase. ref name Diffley2008 ... To get substantial re replication of DNA, regulation of all three components, Cdc6, Mcm2 7 and the ORC ... cells, APC mediated degradation of Cdc6 prevents licencing. However, when the cells transition into a proliferative state, CDK phosphorylates Cdc6 to stabilizes it and allow it to accumulate and bind ... cells by promoting Cdc6 from APC C dependent proteolysis journal Cell volume 122 pages 915 926 year ... more details
the ORC recruits the AAA proteins AAA ATPase Cdc6 and the Coiled coil coiled coil domain protein DNA replication factor CDT1 Cdt1 . Cdt1 binding and the ATPase activity of ORC and Cdc6 facilitate the loading ... Nature volume 332 issue 6164 pmid 3357511 ref The identification and characterization of the ORC, Cdc6 ... through the CDK mediated phosphorylation of the pre RC components Cdc6, MCM2 7, and the ORC subunits ... Cdc6 is bound by the Ubiquitin ligase ubiquitin protein ligase SCF which leads to its Proteolysis ..., MCM2 7 and Cdc6 mechanisms can induce rereplication in budding yeast cells. ref cite journal pages ... Nature Reviews Cancer volume 5 issue 2 pmid 15660109 ref and experimental overexpression of Cdt1 and Cdc6 ... more details
laydate quote pmc 2621004 ref CDC6 ref name pmid10629059 cite journal last Yan first Z authorlink ... Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A, Interacts with Cdc6 and Modulates DNA Replication in Human Cells ... RS title PR48, a Novel Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A, Interacts with Cdc6 and Modulates ... more details
Refimprove date December 2010 S phase synthesis phase is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is DNA replication replicated , occurring between G1 phase G sub 1 sub phase and G2 phase G sub 2 sub phase . Precise and accurate DNA replication is necessary to prevent genetic abnormalities which often lead to cell death or disease. Due to the importance, the regulatory pathways that govern this event in eukaryotes are highly conserved. This conservation makes the study of S phase in model organisms such as Xenopus laevis embryos and budding yeast relevant to higher organisms. S Phase Regulation The G1 S transition is a major checkpoint in the regulation of the cell cycle . Depending on levels of nutrients, energy and external factors, cells must decide to enter the cell cycle or move into a non dividing state known as G0 phase . This transition, as with all of the major checkpoint transitions in the cell cycle, is signaled by cyclins and cyclin dependent kinase CDKs . The pulse of G1 S cyclins causes CLN3 Cdk1 to activate Cln1 2, Start point yeast as well as Clb5 6 at the initiation of S phase. This pathway contains 2 positive feedback loops, allowing for rapid, unidirectional movement into S phase. Redundant pathways like this are not uncommon because they allow for tuning the output of the system and often lead to faster genetic evolution. ref name Bell Bell, S.P. and Dutta, A. DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Annu.Rev.Biochem. 2002,71 333 374. ref DNA Replication The major event in S phase is DNA replication . The goal of this process is to create exactly two identical semi conserved chromosomes. The cell prevents more than one replication from occurring by loading pre replication complexes onto the DNA at replication origins during G1 phase which are dismantled in S phase as replication begins. In budding yeast, Cdc6 is degraded, Orc2 6 are phosphorylated and mcm proteins are excluded from the nucleus, preventing re attachment of the replication machinery DNA ... more details
Infobox DAB ensemble name DRG London br small Greater London 3 small image area Greater London frequency 11B 218.640 MHz airdate 25 February 2002 ref Radiocentre Commercial Radio Pocket Booklet 2007 ref owner The Digital Radio Group London Ltd. website http www.thedigitalradiogroup.co.uk thedigitalradiogroup.co.uk map transmitter DRG London is a Digital Audio Broadcasting multiplexing multiplex available in the London area that has been broadcasting since January 2002. It is also referred to as the Greater London 3 multiplex. The station operates from ten transmitters Croydon transmitting station Croydon , Alexandra Palace transmitting station Alexandra Palace , Blue Bell Hill , Reigate, Guildford, Brookmans Park transmitting station Brookmans Park , Zouches Farm , BT Bedmont, High Wycombe and Kemsing. The Kemsing site 2 kW was replaced in 2010 by the more powerful Wrotham site 5 kW in Kent. Stations available class wikitable sortable Service Service ID Bit rate Audio channels Description Analogue availability Absolute Radio 60s CDC1 64 kbit s Mono 60s Music Absolute Classic Rock C7C9 64 kbit s Mono Classic rock sort Arrow The Arrow radio The Arrow CDC6 128 kbit s Joint stereo Soft rock Colourful Radio CEC7 64 kbit s Mono Soul music Desi Radio C9C1 64 kbit s Mono Panjabi talk and music 1602 kHz Fun Kids C5C9 80 kbit s Mono Children s radio, on air 0600 1900 Gaydar Radio C9C9 128 kbit s Joint stereo House, dance and pop music gay oriented news and entertainment IBC Asia CAC1 64 kbit s Mono Asian service IBC Tamil C8C1 64 kbit s Mono Asian service Kismat Radio C8C0 80 kbit s Mono LSF Asian talk 1035 kHz London LBC News 1152 C5C2 48 kbit s Mono LSF Rolling news 1152 kHz London Panjab Radio CF99 64 kbit s Mono LSF Panjabi service Polish Radio London C1D0 96 kbit s Mono Polish service Premier Christian Radio Premier Gospel C9C8 80 kbit s Mono Gospel music, replaced Premier Christian Radio Rainbow Radio CAC0 64 kbit s Mono LSF African music station ref http www.radio now. ... more details
lead missing date March 2012 Synexpression is a type of non random eukaryotic gene organization. Genes in a synexpression group may not be physically linked, but they are involved in the same process and they are coordinately expressed. It is expected that genes that function in the same process be regulated coordinately. Synexpression groups in particular represent genes that are simultaneously up or down regulated, often because their gene products are required in stoichiometric amounts or are protein complex subunits. ref name niehrs Niehrs, C. and Pollet, Nicolas. Synexpression groups in eukaryotes. Nature 1999 December 2 402 483 487. ref It is likely that these gene groups share common cis and trans acting control elements to achieve coordinate expression. Synexpression groups are determined mainly by analysis of expression profiles compiled by the use of DNA microarrays . ref name niehrs The use of this technology helps researchers monitor changes in expression patterns for large numbers of genes in a given experiment. Analysis of DNA microarray expression profiles has led to the discovery of a number of genes that are tightly co regulated. ref name niehrs One simplified example of a synexpression group is the genes cdc6, cdc3, cdc46, and swi4 in yeast , which are all co expressed early in the G1 phase G 1 stage of the cell cycle., ref name niehrs ref name Mai Mai, B. et al. Characterization of the ECB binding complex responsible for the M G1 specific Transcription of CLN3 and SW14. Molecular and Cell Biology 2002 Jan 430 441. ref These genes share one common cis regulatory element, called ECB, which serves as a binding site for the MCM1 trans acting protein. Although these genes are not spatially clustered, co regulation seems to be achieved via this common cis and trans control mechanism. Most synexpression groups are more complicated than the ECB group in yeast, involving a myriad of cis and trans control elements., ref name niehrs ref name Mai The identifi ... more details
name pmid12614612 CDC6 , ref name pmid10464337 cite journal last Fujita first M authorlink coauthors ... regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular localization, interaction with the human mcm complex ... Chromatin Association of Human Origin Recognition Complex, Cdc6, and Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins ... Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular localization, interaction with the human ... more details
cite journal author Bermejo R, Vilaboa N, Cal s C title Regulation of CDC6, geminin, and CDT1 in human ..., Nevins JR title The regulated association of Cdt1 with minichromosome maintenance proteins and Cdc6 ... more details
M, Tsurumi T year 1999 month Sep. title Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular ... quote ref CDC6 , ref name pmid12614612 ref name pmid10464337 MNAT1 , ref name pmid11056214 cite ... author Fujita M, Yamada C, Goto H, et al. title Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. Intracellular ... more details
of ORC to the origin, Cdc6 Cdc18 and Cdt1 coordinate the loading of the MCM Mini Chromosome Maintenance ... activates the helicase. It is believed that ORC and Cdc6 18 are phosphorylated by Cdk2 Cyclin E. Ddk ... of the anaphase promoting complex APC . In addition, phosphorylation of Cdc6 18 prevent it from binding ... more details
bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote pmc 359381 ref CDC6 ... C S, Bartek J, Helin K date January 1999 title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A CDK2 ... J D, Dutta A date May 1998 title Human CDC6 Cdc18 Associates with Orc1 and Cyclin cdk and Is Selectively ... more details
to Protein protein interaction interact with CDC6 ref name pmid18397887 cite journal last Davis ... of protein phosphatase 2A, interacts with Cdc6 and modulates DNA replication in human cells journal ... more details
language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote doi 10.1074 jbc.274.33.23027 ref CDC6 ... CDC6 Cdc18 associates with Orc1 and cyclin cdk and is selectively eliminated from the nucleus at the onset ... KC, et al. title Human CDC6 Cdc18 associates with Orc1 and cyclin cdk and is selectively eliminated ... more details
DATA pmid 10402184 ref MCM4 , ref name pmid12614612 CDC6 , ref name pmid12614612 ref name pmid11046155 ... association of human origin recognition complex, cdc6, and minichromosome maintenance proteins ... more details
replication for example DNA polymerase, thymidine kinase TK , dihydrofolate reductase DHFR and cdc6 ... H2A, DNA polymerase DNA pol math alpha math and math delta math , RPA1,2,3, CDC6, MCM2,3,4,5,6,7 ref ... more details
form of Cdc6 Ultrasensitivity in the mitogen activated protein kinase cascade Onset of S phase ... Cdc6. In addition to those functions mentioned above, Cdc4 is involved in some other degradation ... more details
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