Family Ceratopsidae Subfamily Centrosaurinae Achelousaurus Montana , USA Albertaceratops Alberta , Canada ... Ceratopsids Link FA de az Ceratopsidae bar Ceratopsidae ca Cerat psid cs Ceratopsidae de Ceratopsidae es Ceratopsidae eo Ceratopedoj fr Ceratopsidae it Ceratopsidae he la Ceratopsidae hu Ceratopsidae nl Ceratopidae ja pl Ceratopsy rodzina pt Ceratopsidae ru sv Ceratopsider ... more details
italictitle speciesbox name Turanoceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossil range 90 image Turanoceratops.jpg image width 250px image caption Restoration display parents 2 genus Turanoceratops parent authority Nesov et al. , 1989 species tardabilis authority Nesov et al. , 1989 Turanoceratops Turan horn face is a genus of ceratopsian dinosaur , possibly a ceratopsidae ceratopsid . Its fossil remains were recovered from the Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan , dating to the late Cretaceous Period mid late Turonian stage about 90 million years ago. If it is a ceratopsid, it would be one of few members of the family known from outside North America , and would be among the earliest ceratopsids. Classification Turanoceratops belonged to the Ceratopsia the name is Ancient Greek Greek for horned face , a group of herbivorous dinosaurs with parrot like beaks which thrived in North America and Asia during the Cretaceous Period, which ended 65.5 million years ago. All ceratopsians became extinct at the end of this period. A 2009 study led by Hans Dieter Sues analysed additional fossil material of Turanoceratops and concluded that, contrary to expectations, it represented a true though transitional member of the family Ceratopsidae . If correct, it would represent an Asia n ceratopsid. At the time of publication this would have been unique, as all other ceratopsids known to that point were from North America . ref name sues2009 Sues, H. D., and Averianov, A. 2009 . Turanoceratops tardabilis the first ceratopsid dinosaur from Asia. Naturwissenschaften , doi 10.1007 s00114 009 0518 9. ref Some scientists, such as Andrew Farke , disagreed with Sues findings. Farke and colleagues ran an independent phylogenetic analysis of the new Turanoceratops fossils and found that it was a close relative of Ceratopsidae the immediate sister group but was not a true member of that clade . ref name farkeetal2009 Farke, A., Sampson, S.D., Forster, C.A., Loewen, M.A. 2009 . Turanoceratops ... more details
Automatic taxobox name Chasmosaurinae fossil range Late Cretaceous , Fossil range 75 65 image Chasmosaurus BW.jpg image width 250px image caption Chasmosaurus , type species type species Chasmosaurus belli type species authority Lambe, 1902 authority N. R. Longrich, 2010 subdivision ranks subdivision synonyms Chasmosaurinae is a subfamily of Ceratopsidae ceratopsid dinosaur s. Triceratops is a well known example. They were one of the most successful groups of herbivores of their time. Chasmosaurines appeared in the early Campanian , and became extinct, along with all other non bird avian dinosaurs, during the K T extinction . Broadly, the most distinguishing features of chasmosaurinae are prominent brow horns and long frills lacking long spines centrosaurines generally had short brow horns and relatively shorter frills, and often had long spines projecting from their frills. Chasmosaurines are currently known definitively from rocks in western Canada, the western United States, and northern Mexico. Genera Image Phylogenetic relationships of Utahceratops gettyi and Kosmoceratops richardsoni within Ceratopsidae.jpg thumb 300px Phylogenetic relationships between Chasmosaurinae by Samson et al. Family Ceratopsidae Subfamily Chasmosaurinae Agujaceratops Texas , USA Anchiceratops Alberta, Canada Arrhinoceratops Alberta, Canada Chasmosaurus Alberta, Canada Coahuilaceratops Coahuila , Mexico ? Dysganus Montana, USA Kosmoceratops Utah , USA Medusaceratops Montana, USA Mojoceratops Alberta & Saskatchewan , Canada Pentaceratops New Mexico, USA ref Cite book author SPENCER G. LUCAS, ROBERT M. SULLIVAN AND ADRIAN P. HUNT year 2006 title RE EVALUATION OF PENTACERATOPS AND CHASMOSAURUS ORNITHISCHIA CERATOPSIDAE IN THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF THE WESTERN INTERIOR publisher pages 4 isbn ? ref ? Turanoceratops Uzbekistan Utahceratops Utah, USA Vagaceratops Alberta, Canada Tribe Triceratopsini Agathaumas Wyoming , USA Eotriceratops Alberta, Canada Ojoceratops New Mexico , USA ref Cite boo ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Dysganus image image width 200px image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Sauropsid a superordo Dinosaur ia ordo Ornithischia infraordo Ceratopsia familia Ceratopsidae subfamilia Ceratopsinae genus Dysganus genus authority Edward Drinker Cope Cope , 1876 subdivision ranks Species subdivision see text. Dysganus is the name given to a dubious genus of dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous . It was a ceratopsian . Its fossils have been found in Montana . The species assigned to this dubious genus include Dysganus encaustus , D. bicarinatus , and D. peiganus , but are all tooth taxa, based solely on teeth. A fourth species, Dysganus haydenianus , is chimeric, based on mixed hadrosaur and ceratopsian teeth. All species were described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1876 . References http www.web.me.com dinoruss de 4 5a8ed1f.htm Dysganus in the Dinosaur Encyclopedia E. D. Cope. 1876. Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union Beds of Montana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 248 261 Portal Dinosaurs Category Ceratopsids Category Cretaceous dinosaurs Category Dinosaurs of North America ceratopsian stub de Dysganus es Dysganus vo Dysganus zh ... more details
, inside the subfamily Centrosaurinae and the family Ceratopsidae Sampson, 1995 Dodson et al., 2004 ..., S.D. 2004. Ceratopsidae. In Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. & Osmolska, H. Eds. The Dinosauria ... of Montana with a phylogenetic analysis of the Centrosaurinae Ornithischia Ceratopsidae . Journal ... more details
File Triceratops skull frills.jpg right thumb Triceratops head from the front, with a fringe of epoccipitals around the frill. File Triceratops prorsus old skull003.png thumb Epoccipitals, marked by 4 on a Triceratops prorsus skull. Epoccipital is an anatomy anatomical term for the distinctive bone s found lining the neck frill frills of ceratopsid dinosaur s. The name is a misnomer, as they are not associated with the occipital bone . ref name PD96 cite book title The Horned Dinosaurs year 1996 last Dodson first Peter authorlink Peter Dodson publisher Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey pages 49 isbn 0 691 02882 6 ref Epoccipitals begin as separate bones that ossification fuse during the animal s growth to either the squamosal or parietal bone parietal bones that make up the base of the frill. These bones were ornamental instead of functional, and may have helped differentiate species . They appear to have been broadly different between short frilled ceratopsids centrosaurinae centrosaurines and long frilled ceratopsids chasmosaurinae chasmosaurines , being elliptical with constricted bases in the former group, and triangular with wide bases in the latter group. Within these broad definitions, different species would have somewhat different shapes and numbers. In centrosaurines especially, like Centrosaurus , Pachyrhinosaurus , and Styracosaurus , these bones become long and spike or hook like. ref name DFS04 cite book last Dodson first Peter authorlink Peter Dodson coauthors Forster, Catherine. A and Sampson, Scott D. editor Weishampel, David B. Dodson, Peter and Osm lska, Halszka eds. title The Dinosauria edition 2nd year 2004 publisher University of California Press location Berkeley isbn 0 520 24209 2 pages 494 513 chapter Ceratopsidae ref A well known example is the coarse sawtooth fringe of broad triangular epoccipitals on the frill of Triceratops . References Reflist Portal Dinosaurs Category Dinosaur anatomy dinosaur stub ca Epoccipital fr Os ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Brachyuranochampsa fossil range fossilrange 83.5 46.2 Late Cretaceous Eocene regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Sauropsida subclassis Diapsid a infraclassis Archosauromorpha unranked superordo Crurotarsi superordo Crocodylomorpha ordo Crocodilia familia Crocodile Crocodylidae genus Brachyuranochampsa genus authority Zangerl, 1944 subdivision ranks Species subdivision B. eversolei small Zangerl, 1944 type species type small B. zangerli small Mook, 1962 small Brachyuranochampsa is an extinct crocodilia n closely related to, but not within, Crocodylidae . Although reported from as old as the late Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous ref Ryan, M. J., Russell, A. P., Eberth, D. A., and Currie, P. J. 2001 . The taphonomy of a Centrosaurus Ornithischia Ceratopsidae bone bed from th Dinosaur Park Formation Upper Campanian , Alberta, Canada, with comments on cranial ontogeny. Palaios 16 482 506 ref , the only robust occurrence of Brachyuranochampsa is B. eversolei from Wyoming ref Zangerl, R. 1944 . Brachyuranochampsa eversolei , gen. et sp. nov., a new crocodilian from the Washakie beds of Wyoming. Annals of Carnegie Museum , 30 77 84 ref . Another species, B. zangerli from the lower Bridger Formation at Grizzly Buttes , has been synonymized with another primitive crocodyloid, Crocodylus affinis , also known from the Bridger Formation ref Brochu, C.A. 1997 . Morphology, fossils, divergence timing, and the phylogenetic relationships of Gavialis. Systematic Biology 47 479 522 ref References reflist External links http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl?action checkTaxonInfo&taxon no 38439&is real user 1 Brachyuranochampsa in the Paleobiology Database Category Cretaceous crocodylomorpha Category Paleogene crocodylomorpha Category Prehistoric reptiles of North America es Brachyuranochampsa pl Brachyuranochampsa ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Sinoceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous regnum Animal ia image Sinoceratops skull.svg image width 200px image caption Illustration of the known portion of the skull phylum Chordate Chordata classis Reptile Reptilia superordo Dinosaur ia ordo Ornithischia infraordo Ceratopsia familia Ceratopsidae subfamilia Centrosaurinae genus Sinoceratops genus authority Xu Xing paleontologist Xu et al. , 2010 subdivision ranks Species subdivision S. zhuchengensis small Xu et al. , 2010 Type species type small Sinoceratops is a genus of ceratopsia n dinosaur described by Xu Xing paleontologist Xu Xing and colleagues in 2010. It lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now China. The type species is S. zhuchengensis . ref Cite journal author Xu, X., Wang, K., Zhao, X. & Li, D. year 2010 title First ceratopsid dinosaur from China and its biogeographical implications journal Chinese Science Bulletin volume 55 issue pages 1631 1635 doi 10.1007 s11434 009 3614 5 ref Image Sinoceratops NT.jpg thumb left Restoration A basal Centrosaurinae centrosaurine , Sinoceratops is significant in that it bears similarities to both centrosaurines and Chasmosaurinae chasmosaurine s. It was also considerably larger than most other centrosaurines. The skull of sinoceratops is estimated to be 180cm long what makes it one of the largest centrosaurine skulls. See also List of dinosaurs 2010 in paleontology References Reflist External links http palaeoblog.blogspot.com 2010 05 sinoceratops zhuchengensis first.html Paleoblog Sinoceratops zhuchengensis, First Ceratopsid from China Category Ceratopsids Category Cretaceous dinosaurs Category Dinosaurs of Asia Category Fossil taxa described in 2010 ca Sinoceratop cs Sinoceratops es Sinoceratops fr Sinoceratops nl Sinoceratops pl Sinoceratops ru simple Sinoceratops sk Sinoceratops zh ... more details
Infobox television show name The Dinosaurs image genre Documentary film Documentary runtime 56 min. per episode developer producer Kathi White , Trudi Brown executive producer narrated Barbara Feldon theme music composer country USA location language English language English network PBS first aired 1992 num series 1 series num episodes 4 episodes The Dinosaurs , United States America n television miniseries produced by PBS in 1992, featuring some of the then modern theories about dinosaurs and how they lived. The program. The program features the age of dinosaurs, from the appearing of the early forms like Herrerasaurus , to the Tyrannosaurus and Ceratopsidae Ceratopsians of the late Cretaceous . The possibilities whether dinosaurs were active, warm blooded animals, had parental care, and the theory that they are the ancestors to birds are featured. What caused their extinction are also discussed. Episodes ref name laserdisc http www.lddb.com laserdisc 31515 L PBS 1029 6 Dinosaurs The 281992 29 , The Dinosaurs at LaserDisc Database. ref Part 1 The Monsters Emerge Part 2 Flesh on the Bones Part 3 The Nature of the Beast Part 4 The Death of the Dinosaurs Animations Some animated cartoons were made to give an impression about how the dinosaurs might could have looked like and how they might would have behaved. Those animations have been featured in other media since. Some of them have been available to see in public computers at Swedish Museum of Natural History . Many of the animations have also been uploaded on Youtube . Home Video The series was released on VHS and laserdisc in 1993. ref name laserdisc The VHS edition was re issued in 1998 with different case artwork. There have been no plans or discussions for a DVD or Blu ray release. Sources http www.amazon.com Dinosaurs Nature Beast Barbara Feldon dp 6303196152 . http movies.nytimes.com movie 189451 The Dinosaurs The Nature of the Beast overview . http www.lddb.com laserdisc 31515 L PBS 1029 6 Dinosaurs The 2819 ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Avaceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous image Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia IMG 7431.JPG image width 250px image caption Mounted skeleton regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Reptilia superordo Dinosaur ia ordo Ornithischia subordo Marginocephalia infraordo Ceratopsia familia Ceratopsidae genus Avaceratops genus authority Peter Dodson Dodson , 1986 subdivision ranks Species subdivision A. lammersi small Dodson, 1986 type species type small Avaceratops is a genus of small ceratopsia n dinosaur which lived during the late Campanian during the Late Cretaceous Period geology Period in what are now the Northwest United States . Discoveries and species File Avaceratops dinosaur.png thumb left Restoration The first fossils of Avaceratops were found in the Judith River Formation of Montana , in 1981. ref name ageofdinosaursavaceratops Avaceratops. In Dodson, Peter & Britt, Brooks & Carpenter, Kenneth & Forster, Catherine A. & Gillette, David D. & Norell, Mark A. & Olshevsky, George & Parrish, J. Michael & Weishampel, David B. The Age of Dinosaurs . Publications International, LTD. p. 129. ISBN 0 7853 0443 6. ref They were preserved scattered through out the remains of a prehistoric stream bed. ref name ageofdinosaursavaceratops This Avaceratops specimen was likely buried in the sandbar after its body was swept downstream by the current. ref name ageofdinosaursavaceratops The original find was made by Eddie Cole and the fossils were formally named in 1986, by Peter Dodson . It was named after Ava, Eddie s wife. ref name ageofdinosaursavaceratops The species epithet honors the Lammers family, who owned the land where the holotype fossil was found. ref name ageofdinosaursavaceratops Classification Avaceratops belonged to the family Ceratopsidae within the Ceratopsia both names being derived from Ancient Greek for horned face , a group of herbivorous dinosaurs with parrot like beaks which thrived in what are now North America a ... more details
italictitle speciesbox name Ceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 75 image Ceratops.jpg image caption Illustration of the type specimen by Marsh grandparent authority Othniel Charles Marsh Marsh , 1888 genus Ceratops parent authority Marsh, 1888 species montanus authority Marsh, 1888 synonyms Proceratops montanus br small Marsh, 1888 R. S. Lull Lull , 1906 small Ceratops meaning horn face is a nomen dubium dubious genus of ceratopsia n dinosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous . Its fossils have been found in Montana . Although poorly known, Ceratops is important in the history of dinosaurs, since it is the type species for which both Ceratopsia and Ceratopsidae are named. Unfortunately, the material is too poor to be confidently referred to better specimens, and Ceratops is considered a nomen dubium . History File Ceratops montanus.jpg thumb left Illustration of the horn cores from 1907 The first remains referred to Ceratops an wikt occipital occipital Condyle anatomy condyle and a pair of horn cores were found by John Bell Hatcher 1861 1904 in the summer of 1888 in the uppermost Judith River Formation of Montana. O. C. Marsh originally believed the animal to be similar to Stegosaurus , but with two horns on its head. In 1995, Trexler and Sweeney noted that complete material from a bonebed that had been found in Montana could enable Ceratops to be reexamined. The site, known as the Mansfield Bonebed, belongs to the same stratigraphic level as the one the yielded the original Ceratops remains. It had initially been interpreted as containing Styracosaurus , but what earlier authors considered the frill spikes of Styracosaurus turned out to be chasmosaurine orbital horns. Trexler and Sweeney pointed out that these horns closely resembled those of Ceratops , and could allow the genus to be rescued as a valid name. ref name trexler Trexler, D. and Sweeney, F.G. 1995 . Preliminary work on a recently discovered ceratopsian Dinosauria Ceratopsidae boneb ... more details
italictitle Taxobox image Albertaceratops BW2.jpg image width 250px image caption Restoration fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 77.5 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Reptile Reptilia superordo Dinosaur ia ordo Ornithischia familia Ceratopsidae subfamilia Centrosaurinae genus Albertaceratops genus authority Ryan, 2007 subdivision ranks Species subdivision A. nesmoi small Ryan, 2007 Type biology type small Albertaceratops meaning Alberta horned face was a genus of centrosaurinae centrosaurine ceratopsid horned dinosaur from the middle Campanian age Upper Cretaceous Oldman Formation of Alberta, Canada . Albertaceratops is known from a single complete skull Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology TMP.2001.26.1 found in August 2001 and skull and postcranial fragments. This genus is unusual in combining long brow horn anatomy horns with an otherwise centrosaurine skull, as centrosaurines normally possess short brow horns. Over its nose was a bony ridge, and on its neck frill frill were two large outwardly projecting hooks. A phylogenetics phylogenetic analysis carried out by its describer, Michael J. Ryan, found it to be the most basal centrosaurine. ref name MJR07 Ryan, M.J. 2007 . http www.bioone.org perlserv ?request get abstract&doi 10.1666 2F0022 3360 282007 2981 5B376 3AANBCCF 5D2.0.CO 3B2 A new basal centrosaurine ceratopsid from the Oldman Formation, southeastern Alberta . Journal of Paleontology 81 2 376 396. ref Additional specimens were reported from a bonebed in the Judith River Formation of Montana , which is equivalent to the Oldman Formation and differentiated only by the United States Canadian border. However, further study showed these remains to come from a chasmosaurine, Medusaceratops . Both ceratopsids lived during the same time period, about 77.5 million years ago. ref name Ryan2010 Ryan, Michael J. Russell, Anthony P., and Hartman, Scott. 2010 . A New Chasmosaurine Ceratopsid from the Judith River Formation, Montana , In Mich ... more details
italictitle speciesbox name Coahuilaceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 72 image Coahuilaceratops known.png image width 200px image caption Skull of Coahuilaceratops genus Coahuilaceratops parent authority Loewen et al. , 2010 in paleontology 2010 species magnacuerna authority Loewen et al. , 2010 Coahuilaceratops meaning Coahuila horn face is a genus of herbivorous ceratopsia n dinosaur . It is a Chasmosaurinae chasmosaurine ceratopsian which lived during the Late Cretaceous period geology period late Campanian stage in what is now southern Coahuila in northern Mexico . It is known from the holotype CPC 276, a partial skeleton of an adult individual which includes several skull elements. Another specimen, CPS 277, may represent a juvenile Coahuilaceratops . All specimens of Coahuilaceratops were collected from a single location in the Cerro del Pueblo Formation , around 72 mya unit million years ago . ref name Coahuilaceratops Loewen, M.A., Sampson, S.D., Lund, E.K., Farke, A.A., Aguill n Mart nez, M.C., de Leon, C.A., Rodr guez de la Rosa, R.A., Getty, M.A., Eberth, D.A., 2010, Horned Dinosaurs Ornithischia Ceratopsidae from the Upper Cretaceous Campanian Cerro del Pueblo Formation, Coahuila, Mexico , In Michael J. Ryan, Brenda J. Chinnery Allgeier, and David A. Eberth eds , New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium , Indiana University Press, 656 pp. ref Image Coahuilaceratops NT.jpg thumb left Restoration It was formally described in 2010, though it appeared as an informal designation nomen nudum as early as 2008. ref name Vanguardia cite web url http www.vanguardia.com.mx diario noticia masnoticiascoahuila coahuila hallan en coahuila nuevo dinosaurio 259881 title Hallan en Coahuila nuevo dinosaurio last Goz lez first Edgar date 2008 11 20 work Vanguardia language Spanish accessdate 2009 10 11 ref Coahuilaceratops was named by Mark A. Loewen, Scott D. Sampson, Eric K. Lund, Andrew A. Farke, Mart ... more details
Automatic taxobox fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 70 image Ojoceratops skull reconstruction final .jpg image width image caption Skull reconstruction display parents 3 taxon Ojoceratops fowleri parent authority Sullivan & Lucas, 2010 authority Sullivan & Lucas, 2010 Ojoceratops is a genus of ceratopsia n dinosaur which lived in what is now New Mexico . Ojoceratops fossils have been recovered from strata of the Ojo Alamo Formation Naashoibito Member , dating to the late Cretaceous period probably early Maasrichtian age, 70 million years ago . The type species is Ojoceratops fowleri . It is very similar to its close relative Triceratops , though it is from an earlier time period and has a more squared off frill. ref Robert M. Sullivan and Spencer G. Lucas, 2010, A New Chasmosaurine Ceratopsidae, Dinosauria from the Upper Cretaceous Ojo Alamo Formation Naashoibito Member , San Juan Basin, New Mexico , In Ryan, M.J., Chinnery Allgeier, B.J., and Eberth, D.A. eds. New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium , Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 656 pp. ref Nick Longrich, in 2011, noted that the squared off frill is also found in some true Triceratops specimens and that Ojoceratops is probably a junior synonym of Triceratops , ref name Titanoceratops Cite journal author Nicholas R. Longrich year 2011 title Titanoceratops ouranos , a giant horned dinosaur from the Late Campanian of New Mexico url http www.sciencedirect.com science article pii S0195667110001205 journal Cretaceous Research volume 32 issue 3 pages 264 276 doi 10.1016 j.cretres.2010.12.007 ref while Holtz 2010 noted that it is probably ancestral to Triceratops and possibly synonymous with the contemporary Eotriceratops . ref name Holtz2010 Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. 2011 Dinosaurs The Most Complete, Up to Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, http www.geol.umd.edu tholtz dinoappendix HoltzappendixWinter2010.pdf Winter 2010 Appendix. ref It is estimat ... more details
. Pp. 478 493. ref ref name Dods04 Dodson, P., Forster, C.A., & Sampson, S.D. 2004. Ceratopsidae ... of the Ceratopsidae, with notice of new Cretaceous dinosaurs. American Journal of Science ... Zuniceratops New Mexico , USA Family Ceratopsidae Possible ceratopsians from the Southern Hemisphere ... includes animals like Zuniceratops which are more closely related to the family Ceratopsidae . This last ... font color white void font 2 clade 1 Zuniceratops 2 Ceratopsidae Chaoyangsaurus ... Ceratopsidae In contrast to the previous analysis, You and Dodson find Chaoyangsaurus to be the most ..., is recovered as the sister group of Ceratopsidae. This study includes Auroraceratops but lacks ... more details
Horner, et al. 1992 . ref References Reflist Dodson, P., Forster, C.A. and Sampson, S.D. 2004 . Ceratopsidae ... of Montana with a phylogenetic analysis of the Centrosaurinae Ornithischia Ceratopsidae url journal ... more details
italictitle Automatic taxobox name Zuniceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 91 image Zuniceratops BW.jpg image width 250px image caption Life restoration taxon Zuniceratops christopheri authority Wolfe & Kirkland, 1998 parent authority Wolfe & James Kirkland paleontologist Kirkland , 1998 Zuniceratops Zuni horned face was a ceratopsia n dinosaur from the mid Turonian of the Late Cretaceous Period geology Period of what is now New Mexico , United States . It lived about 10 million years earlier than the more familiar horned Ceratopsidae and provides an important window on their ancestry. Zuniceratops appears to have been roughly 3 to 3.5 meters long 10 11 ft and three feet one meter tall at the hips. It probably weighed 100 to 150 kilogram s 200 to 250 pound mass lb . The neck frill frill behind its head was fenestrated but lacking epoccipital s. It is the earliest known ceratopsian to have eyebrow horns and the oldest known ceratopsian from North America . This set of horns is thought to have grown much larger with age. Discovery and Species Zuniceratops was discovered in 1996, by 8 year old Christopher James Wolfe, son of Paleontology paleontologist Douglas G. Wolfe, in the Moreno Hill Formation in west central New Mexico. One skull and the bones from several individuals have been found. More recently, one bone, believed to be a squamosal , has since been found to be an ischium of a Nothronychus . Classification Zuniceratops is an example of the evolutionary transition between early ceratopsians and the later, larger ceratopsids that had very large horns and frills. This supports the theory that the lineage of ceratopsian dinosaurs may have been North America n in origin. Although the first specimen discovered had single rooted teeth unusual for ceratopsians , later fossils had double rooted teeth. This is evidence that the teeth became double rooted with age. Zuniceratops was a herbivore like other ceratopsian ... more details
automatic Taxobox name Protoceratopsids fossil range Late Cretaceous , fossilrange 91 78 earliest 99.6 latest 70.6 image andrewsi.jpg image width 250px image caption Protoceratops andrewsi skeleton, Carnegie Museum of Natural History taxon Protoceratopsidae type species extinct Protoceratops andrewsi type species authority Granger & Gregory, 1923 authority Granger & Gregory, 1923 subdivision ranks Genus Genera display children 1 A protoceratopsid is a dinosaur of the family biology family Protoceratopsidae . The name protoceratopsid is derived from Ancient Greek Greek for first horned face . They resembled and were closely related to, Ceratopsidae ceratopsids but were generally smaller and more primitive. Protoceratopsids have so far been found exclusively in the Late Cretaceous of Asia Nemegt Basin , dating to between about 99.6 and 70.6 million years ago. ref name Holtz2008 Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. 2011 Dinosaurs The Most Complete, Up to Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, http www.geol.umd.edu tholtz dinoappendix HoltzappendixWinter2010.pdf Winter 2010 Appendix. ref A typical protoceratopsid is Protoceratops andrewsi . The taxon Protoceratopsidae was introduced by Walter W. Granger and William King Gregory in May 1923 as a monotypic family for Protoceratops andrewsi . Granger and Gregory recognized Protoceratops close relationship to other Ceratopsia , but considered it primitive enough to warrant its own family, and perhaps suborder. Protoceratopsidae was later expanded to include all ceratopsians that were too advanced to be psittacosaurids, but too primitive to be ceratopsids. In 1998, Paul Sereno defined Protoceratopsidae as the stem based clade including all coronosaurs closer to Protoceratops than to Triceratops . Sereno s definition ensures that Protoceratopsidae is monophyletic , but probably excludes some dinosaurs that have been traditionally thought of as protoceratopsids for example, Leptoceratops and Montanoceratops . The latter genera are ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Claorhynchus fossil range Late Cretaceous regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Sauropsid a superordo Dinosaur ia ordo Ornithischia subordo Cerapoda infraordo uncertain genus Claorhynchus genus authority Edward Drinker Cope Cope , 1892 binomial Claorhynchus trihedrus binomial authority Cope, 1892 Claorhynchus meaning broken beak , as it is based on broken bones from the snout region is a nomen dubium dubious genus of ornithischia n dinosaur with a confusing history behind it. It has been considered to be both a hadrosaur id and a ceratopsid , sometimes the same as Triceratops , with two different assignments as to discovery formation and location, and what bones make up its holotype type remains . History Paleontologist and natural science naturalist Edward Drinker Cope described what he interpreted as an Agathaumas agathaumid Ceratopsidae horned dinosaur s rostral bone and predentary American Museum of Natural History AMNH 3978 , which he said came from the Laramie Formation of Montana . ref name EDC92 Cope, E.D. 1892 . Fourth note on the Dinosauria of the Laramie. The American Naturalist 26 756 758. ref It was soon thought to be a hadrosaurid, though. ref name JBH02 Hatcher, J.B. 1902 . The genus and species of the Trachodontidae Hadrosauridae, Claosauridae Marsh. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 14 1 377 386. ref ref name HML07 Hatcher, J.B., Marsh, O.C., and Lull, R.S. 1907 . The Ceratopsia . Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 300 pp. ISBN 0405127138 ref In their influential monograph , Richard Swann Lull and Nelda E. Wright regarded the genus as a dubious type of hadrosaurid, based on premaxilla e and a predentary . ref name LW42 Lull, R.S., and Wright, N.E. 1942 . Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America. Geological Society of America Special Paper 40 1 242. ref This opinion stood until the work of Michael K. Brett Surman , who stated in his dissertation that, having rediscovered and reexamined the material with Dougl ... more details
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