A chemicallaser is a laser that obtains its energy from a chemical reaction . Chemical lasers can achieve ... device is incorporated into the resonator. Origin of the CW chemical HF DF laser The possibility of the creation ... proposed by J. C. Polanyi in 1961. A pulsed chemicallaser was demonstrated by Jerome V. V ... HCl chemicallaser, cited in some later reviews as the first chemicallaser. ref First, hydrogen chloride ... not produce a purely chemical continuous wave laser, it paved the way by showing the viability of the chemical reaction as a pumping mechanism for a chemicallaser. Pimentel was awarded a patent for a scalable ... lasers continuous wave CW chemical HF laser was first demonstrated in 1969, ref D. J. Spencer, T. A. Jacobs, H. Mirels and R. W. F. Gross, Continuous Wave ChemicalLaser, International Journal of Chemical .... J. Spencer, H. Mirels, T. A. Jacobs and R. W. F. Gross, Continuous Wave ChemicalLaser, US Patent ... and H. Mirels, Flame Sheet Analysis of CW Diffusion Type ChemicalLaser. 1 Uncoupled Radiation, AIAA ... ref W. S. King and H. Mirels, Numerical Study of a Diffusion Type ChemicalLaser, AIAA Journal, Vol ... and W. S. King, Simplified Model of CW Diffusion Type ChemicalLaser, 10th AIAA Aerospace Sciences .... 156 184. ref describing CW HF chemicallaser performance. Chemical lasers stimulated the use of wave ... Grumman. Comprehensive chemicallaser models were developed at SAIC by R. A. Wade, at TRW by D .... Mirels, D. A. Durran, Performance of cw HF ChemicalLaser with N2 or He Diluent , J. Appl. Phys., Vol ... laser, of any type, developed to date 2007 . TRW also produced a cylindrical chemicallaser the Alpha ... ChemicalLaser Category American inventions Category Chemical lasers ja ... for cutting and drilling. Common examples of chemical lasers are the chemical oxygen iodine laser COIL , all gas phase iodine laser AGIL , and the hydrogen fluoride laser and deuterium fluoride laser , both operating in the mid infrared region. There is also a deuterium fluoride carbon dioxide ... more details
Chemical oxygen iodine laser , or COIL , is an infrared chemicallaser . As the beam is infrared, it cannot be seen with the naked eye. It is capable of output power scaling up to megawatts in continuous mode Citation needed date February 2008 . Its output wavelength is 1.315 m, the wavelength of transition of atomic iodine. The laser is fed with gaseous chlorine , molecular iodine , and an aqueous mixture of hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide . The aqueous peroxide solution undergoes chemical reaction with chlorine, producing heat, potassium chloride , and oxygen in excited state, singlet delta oxygen. Spontaneous transition of excited oxygen to the triplet sigma ground state is forbidden giving the excited oxygen a spontaneous lifetime of about 45 minutes. This allows the singlet oxygen singlet delta oxygen to transfer its energy to the iodine molecules injected to the gas ... Improvement ChemicalLaser, is a 20 kW COIL laser tested by the United States Air Force in around ... m in the optical resonator region of the laser. The laser operates at relatively low gas pressures ... by metals, making it suitable for laser cutting and drilling. Rapid cutting of stainless steel ... weapon laser for the military airborne laser and advanced tactical laser programs. On February 11, 2010 ... in a test conducted with a laser aboard a Boeing jumbo jet that took off from the Naval Air Station ... Dead link date September 2010 bot RjwilmsiBot ref All gas phase iodine laser AGIL is a similar construction using all gas reagents, more suitable for aerospace applications. See also List of laser articles ... aviation space article 2008 03 how it works airborne laser cannon Popular Science The Flying Laser Cannon http www.freepatentsonline.com EP0891025.html Patent for the High energy airborne chemical oxygen iodine laser COIL http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi science nature 7531046.stm Laser jumbo testing moves ahead Category Chemical lasers Category American inventions ru ... more details
laser s are powered by a chemical reaction permitting a large amount of energy to be released ...Other uses pp semi small yes Image Military laser experiment.jpg thumb 300px right United States Air Force laser experiment File RGB laser.jpg thumb 300px right Red 635 nm , green 532 nm , and blue violet 445 nm lasers A laser is a device that emits light electromagnetic radiation through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of photon s. The term laser ... ref cite web accessdate 2008 05 15 url http dictionary.reference.com browse laser title laser publisher Reference.com ref The emitted laser light is notable for its high degree of spatial and temporal ... a so called pencil beam. Laser beams can be focused to very tiny spots, achieving a very high ... using simpler technologies. Terminology File Laser play.jpg thumb Laser beams in fog, reflected on a car windshield The word laser started as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission ... visible light , hence infrared laser , ultraviolet laser , X ray laser , and so on. Because the microwave predecessor of the laser, the maser , was developed first, devices of this sort operating ... , the laser was called an optical maser this term is now obsolete. ref cite web title Schawlow and Townes invent the laser publisher Lucent Technologies year 1998 url http www.bell labs.com about history laser accessdate 2006 10 24 ref A laser which produces light by itself is technically an optical ... amplifiers have come to be referred to as laser amplifiers , notwithstanding the apparent redundancy ..., meaning to produce laser light, ref cite web url http dictionary.reference.com browse lase title ... medium of a laser when a laser is operating it is said to be lasing. Further use of the words laser and maser in an extended sense, not referring to laser technology or devices, can be seen in usages such as astrophysical maser and atom laser . Design Image Laser.svg thumb Principal components ... more details
A. Laser is an Indian politician and incumbent member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Periyakulam State Assembly Constituency Periyakulam constituency . He represents the Communist Party of India Marxist party. ref cite web title List of MLAs from Tamil Nadu 2011 url http www.assembly.tn.gov.in member list.pdf publisher Govt. of Tamil Nadu ref References Reflist CPIndiaMarxist politician stub Persondata NAME Laser, A. ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Indian politician DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Laser, A. Category Tamil Nadu MLAs Category Communist Party of India Marxist politicians from Tamil Nadu Category Communist Party of India Marxist politicians Category Living people Category Year of birth missing living people ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 file Lasercons.svg frame 300px right Schematic diagram of a typical laser, showing the three major parts A laser is constructed from three principal parts An energy source usually referred to as the Laser pumping pump or pump source , A gain medium or Active laser medium laser medium , and Two or more mirrors that form an optical resonator . Pump source The pump source is the part that provides energy to the laser system. Examples of pump sources include electrical discharges, flashlamps, arc lamps, light from another laser, chemical reactions and even explosive devices ... how the energy is transmitted to the medium. A helium neon Helium neon laser HeNe laser uses an electrical discharge in the helium neon gas mixture, a Nd YAG laser uses either light focused from a xenon flash lamp or Laser diode diode lasers , and excimer lasers use a chemical reaction. Gain medium Laser medium The gain medium is the major determining factor of the wavelength of operation, and other properties, of the laser . Gain media in different materials have linear spectra or wide spectra. Gain media with wide spectra allow tuning of the laser frequency. First wide tunable crystal laser ... of different gain media in which laser operation has been achieved see list of laser ... gain media include Liquids, such as dye lasers. These are usually organic chemistry organic chemical solvents , such as methanol , ethanol or ethylene glycol , to which are added chemical dyes such as coumarin , rhodamine , and fluorescein . The exact chemical configuration of the dye molecules determines the operation wavelength of the dye laser . Gases, such as carbon dioxide , argon , krypton ... state laser media include Nd YAG, Ti sapphire laser Ti sapphire , Cr sapphire usually known .... Solid state lasers are usually pumped by flashlamps or light from another laser. Semiconductor ... in which the movement of electron s can cause laser action. Semiconductor lasers are typically very ... more details
Laser bonding is a marking technique that uses laser s and other forms of radiant energy to bond an additive marking substance to a wide range of substrates. Invented in 1997, this patent protected technology ref USPTO 6,238,847 ref delivers permanent marks on metals, glass and ceramic parts for a diverse ... industries. It differs from the more widely known techniques of laser engraving and laser ablation in that it is an additive ... firing process replaced by a laser, with its permanent bond fired on in seconds. Laser bonding has been achieved by Nd YAG , carbon dioxide laser CO sub 2 sub laser , Fiber laser and Diode pumped solid state laser and can be made by other forms of radiant energy. Laser bonding is often referred ... , Cleveland Ohio, USA. This trademark, like Xerox, has become synonymous with the laser bonding process. The laser bonding process Mark quality depends on a variety of factors, including the substrate used, marking speed, laser spot size, beam overlap, materials thickness, and laser parameters ... 1. Application of the marking material 2. Bonding of the marking material with a laser. 3. Removal ... it is as durable as the subsrate itself. The durability of laser bonded markings Markings placed on stainless steel are extremely durable and have survived such testing as abrasion resistance, chemical ... Space Station , or ISS , was home to aluminum squares laser marked with CerMark marking material ... laser bonding. The material test coupons were then affixed to spaces provided on test panels, which .... 11, 2005. ref . The laser bonding process is outlined and specified in both military ref MIL STD 130M DOD Marking Standard, p.24, Table II ref and NASA ref NASA HDBK 6003 NASA Marking Handbook, Laser Bonding Section 5.1.5, p.15 ref marking specifications and standards. Laser bonding is also a preferred ... IUID . See also Laser engraving Laser ablation Laser applications References Reflist Category Laser machining Bonding Category Laser applications ... more details
, dissociative excitation transfer in the neon oxygen laser the first chemicallaser , and collision ... neon laser HeNe on alignment rig, 2 Watt Lexel 88 Argon Ion laser, and power supply. To the rear are hoses for water cooling . An ion laser is a gas laser which uses an ion ized gas as its lasing medium. ref GoldBookRef title ion laser file I03219 ref Like other gas lasers, ion lasers feature a sealed cavity containing the laser medium and mirrors forming a Fabry P rot resonator. Unlike Helium neon laser HeNe lasers , the energy level transitions that contribute to laser action come from ion ... cooling water cooled . A small air cooled ion laser might produce, for example, 130mW of light with a tube ... of heat which must be dissipated. Types Krypton laser A krypton laser is an ion laser, a type of gas laser using krypton ion s as a gain medium , laser pumping pumped by electric discharge . Krypton ... light lasers, useful for laser light shows. Krypton lasers are also used in medicine e.g. for coagulation ... nm, 676.4 nm. Argon laser This section is linked from Laser File Nci vol 2268 300 argon ion laser.jpg left thumb This argon ion laser emits blue green light at 488 514 nm. The Argon laser was invented in 1964 by William Bridges at Hughes Aircraft ref W. B. Bridges, LASER OSCILLATION ... l phototherapy for diabetes , lithography , and laser pumping pumping other lasers. Argon lasers emit ... techinfo gas ion.htm ref . File Argon laser beam and diffraction mirror.png thumb An argon laser beam .... In comparison with the helium neon laser s requiring just a few milliamps, the current used for pumping the krypton laser ranges in several amperes, as the gas has to be ionized. The ion laser tube produces a lot of waste heat and requires active cooling. The typical noble gas ion laser plasma consists ... R. Bennett was co inventor of the first gas laser the helium neon laser , was first to observe spectral hole burning effects in gas lasers, and created a theory of hole burning effects on laser oscillation ... more details
Laser propulsion is a form of beam powered propulsion where the energy source is a remote usually ground based laser system and separate from the reaction mass. This form of propulsion differs from a conventional chemical rocket where both energy and reaction mass come from the solid or liquid propellant s carried on board the vehicle. File Laser launch hx kare.png thumb 300px A laser launch Heat Exchanger ... into a potential laser NASP transport technology url http hdl.handle.net 2060 19910008838 ... of laser propelled vehicles was first introduced by Arthur Kantrowitz in 1972. Laser propulsion ... s and laser sails. A second way of driving momentum transfer to a spacecraft, used in the devices described below, which is more commonly proposed is using the laser to help expel mass from the spacecraft ... in their final spacecraft velocities by the rocket equation . Forms There are several forms of laser propulsion. Ablative laser propulsion Ablative Laser Propulsion ALP is a form of beam powered propulsion in which an external pulsed laser is used to burn off a Plasma physics plasma plume from a solid ... surface at high velocities by laser ablation by a pulsed laser. Depending on the laser flux and pulse ... thousand seconds are possible by choosing the propellant and laser pulse characteristics. Variations of ablative propulsion include double pulse propulsion in which one laser pulse ablates material and a second laser pulse further heats the ablated gas, laser micropropulsion in which a small laser onboard a spacecraft ablates very small amounts of propellant for attitude control or maneuvering, and space debris removal, in which the laser ablates material from debris particles in low Earth ... Pakhomov at the University of Alabama in Huntsville of the UAH Laser Propulsion Group. Pulsed ... breakdown of the gas usually air . This causes an expanding shock wave which absorbs laser energy at the shock front a laser sustained detonation wave or LSD wave expansion of the hot plasma behind ... more details
suppressed Raman spectroscopy . Nitrogen laser Ion laser Gas dynamic laserChemical lasers Chemicallaser s are powered by a chemical reaction, and can achieve high powers in continuous operation. For example, in the Hydrogen fluoride laser 2700 2900 nm and the Deuterium fluoride laser ... laser s are powered by a chemical reaction involving an excited dimer , or excimer , which is a short ...A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. The gas laser was the first continuous light laser and the first laser to operate on the principle of converting electrical energy to a laser light output. The first gas laser, the Helium neon laser .... Citation needed date October 2010 Types of gas laser Gas lasers using many gases have been built and used for many purposes. The Helium neon or HeNe laser can be made to oscillate at over 160 ... of kilowatts ref cite web title Air Force Research Lab s high power CO sub 2 sub laser work Defense ... and welding. The efficiency of a CO sub 2 sub laser is over 10 . Carbon Monoxide or CO lasers have the potential for very large outputs, but the use of this type of laser is limited by the extreme ... when constructing and using CO lasers. Ion laser Argon ion lasers emit light in the range 351 528.7 nm. Depending on the optics and the laser tube a different number of lines is usable but the most commonly used lines are 458 nm, 488 nm and 514.5 nm. A nitrogen TEA laser transverse electrical discharge in gas at atmospheric pressure TEA laser is an inexpensive gas laser producing UV light at 337.1 nm. ref cite web last Csele first Mark title The TEA Nitrogen Gas Laser ... Springer isbn 0412819104 ref Advantages High volume of Active laser medium active material Active ... quickly from the Optical cavity cavity Applications He Ne laser is mainly used in making holograms. In laser printing He Ne laser is used as a source for writing on the photosensitive material. He ... more details
Meanings of Laser Class Laser dinghy a class of sail boat Laser safety classification of laser products concerning safety hazards disambig ... more details
An excimer laser sometimes more correctly called an exciplex laser is a form of ultraviolet laser which ... but less commonly used name for such is exciplex laser . History The excimer laser was invented ... al., History and future prospects of excimer laser technology, 2nd International Symposium on Laser ..., C. A. 1975 , Laser action on the 2 Sigma 1 2 2 Sigma 1 2 bands of KrF and XeCl, Appl. Phys. Lett ..., J. M. 1975 , 100 MW, 248.4 nm, KrF laser excited by an electron beam, Optics Comm., vol. 15 ... , High power xenon fluoride laser, Applied Physics Letters 27, p. 413. ref and the United States Government ... a XeCl Laser ref High Efficiency Microwave Discharge XeCl Laser , C. P. Christensen, R. W. Waynant ... laser, commercialized under U. S. Patent 4,796,271 by Potomac Photonics, Inc. ref Construction An excimer laserlaser construction typically uses a combination of a noble gas argon , krypton , or xenon ..., exciplex is created, which can only exist in an energized state and can give rise to laser light in the ultraviolet range. ref GoldBookRef title excimer laser file E02243 ref ref Basting, D. and Marowsky, G., Eds., Excimer Laser Technology, Springer, 2005. ref Operation Laser action in an excimer ... not usually form chemical compound s. However, when in an excited state induced by an electrical ... inversion . Wavelength determination The wavelength of an excimer laser depends on the molecules ... pump see Nitrogen laser . Major applications The ultraviolet light from an excimer laser is well ... laser adds enough energy to disrupt the molecular bonds of the surface tissue, which effectively ... nanometers the dominant lithography technology today is thus also called excimer laser lithography ref ... ref name Polasko Polasko et al., Deep UV exposure of Ag2Se GeSe2utilizing an excimer laser , IEEE Electron ... 1 ref ref name spie1990 Jain, K. Excimer Laser Lithography , SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, 1990. ref ... transistor feature sizes to shrink below 45 nanometers. Excimer laser lithography has thus played ... more details
Wiktionary laser A laser is a device which generates a coherent beam of light. Laser may also refer to Transportation Laser sailboat Ford Laser , a compact car sold outside the United States from 1980 2003 Chrysler Laser , a hatchback car sold from 1985 1986 Plymouth Laser , a sports coupe sold from 1989 1994 LASER Airlines Computing MPEG 4 Part 20 , a rich media standard VTech Laser 200 , an 8 bit home computer Laser 128 , a clone of the Apple II home computer Other uses Laser debit card , the primary debit card system used in Ireland. Laser roller coaster Lasers album Lasers album , by Lupe Fiasco Silphium , an extinct plant, of the genus Ferula , which produced a resin also called laserLaser genus , a plant genus of the family Apiaceae Dieter Laser , German actor David Copperfield s laser illusion See also Atom laser Lazar disambiguation Lazer disambiguation disambig da Laser flertydig de Laser Begriffskl rung fr Laser homonymie ko it Laser disambigua he lb Laser nl Laser ja pl Laser ujednoznacznienie pt Laser desambigua o ru fi Laser t smennyssivu sv Laser olika betydelser ... more details
. Chemical hazards may include materials intrinsic to the laser, such as beryllium oxide ...File Laser symbol text.svg thumb 200px right A typical European style laser hazard sign warning symbol. Laser safety is safe design, use and implementation of lasers to minimize the risk of laser accidents, especially those involving eye injuries. Since even relatively small amounts of laser light can ... Z136 in the US and IEC 60825 internationally, define classes of laser depending on their power and wavelength ... warnings, and wearing laser safety goggles when operating lasers. Laser radiation hazards Laser radiation predominantly causes injury via thermal effects. Even moderately powered lasers can ... divergence angle of laser light and the focusing mechanism of the eye means that laser light can ... C can destroy retinal photoreceptor cell s. If the laser is sufficiently powerful, permanent damage ... url http www.laserglasses.com.au Laser Safety.html title Laser Safety ref Sufficiently powerful in the visible to near infrared laser radiation 400 1400 1 E 9 m nm will penetrate the eyeball and may cause heating of the retina, whereas exposure to laser radiation with wavelengths less than 400 ... of cataract s or Burn injury burn injuries. ref cite web url http www.dermatology.org laser eyesafety.html title Laser Safety and the Eye Hidden Hazards and Practical Pearls author Osama Bader ... to high power Nd YAG laser emitting invisible 1064 nm radiation, may not feel pain or notice ... laser author Chuang LH, Lai CC, Yang KJ, Chen TL, Ku WC year 2001 journal Ophthalmic Surg Lasers volume 32 pages 73 pmid 11195748 issue 1 ref Damage mechanisms File Laser label 2.jpg thumb right Typical US ANSI laser warning label. Lasers can cause damage in biological tissues, both to the eye and to the skin ... mechanism is photochemistry photochemical damage, where light triggers chemical reactions in tissue ... over the course of hours. Laser pulses shorter than about 1 s can cause a rapid rise ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Image Linelaser.jpg thumb 220px right A line laser is a laser with an Optics optic , to generate a laser line instead of a point e.g. laser pointer . Different types of optics generate different patterns. Usage 3D scanner laser scanning laser line level laser level surveying DEFAULTSORT Line Laser Category Surveying Category Laser image generation de Linienlaser ... more details
source in chemicallaser s. This allows for very high output powers difficult to reach by other ...Image Ruby laser pumping cavity assembled and disassembled.JPG thumb 350px A ruby laser head. The photo .... The photo on the right shows the head assembled. Laser pumping is the act of energy transfer from an external source into the gain medium of a laser . The energy is absorbed in the medium, producing ..., the mechanism of stimulated emission can take place and the medium can act as a laser or an optical amplifier . The pump power must be higher than the lasing threshold of the laser. The pump ... been used, such as Chemical reaction chemical or nuclear reaction s. Optical pumping main Optical pumping Pumping cavities A laser pumped with an arc lamp or a flashlamp is usually pumped through the lateral ... most of the lamp s energy into the rod or dye cell. Image Various laser pumping cavity cross section shapes.JPG thumb 300px Various laser pumping cavity configurations. In the most common ... laser engineering by Walter Koechner Springer Verlag 1965 Page 376 ref For a single flashlamp, if the lamp ... prelasing can occur, depleting the rod s energy before it can properly build up. ref Solid state laser ... coated or cut at Brewster s angle to minimize this effect. ref Solid state laser engineering by Walter ... cavity to reduce loss. ref name ReferenceA Solid state laser engineering by Walter Koechner Springer ... less maintenance than metalized reflectors. ref Solid state laser engineering by Walter Koechner ... problem if the barrel of the rod is polished. Cylindrical laser rods support whispering gallery ... state laser engineering by Walter Koechner Springer Verlag 1965 Page 193 194 ref Pumping with a single ..., helps increase this effect, improving the gain . ref Solid state laser engineering by Walter Koechner Springer Verlag 1965 Page 380 381 ref Laser host materials are chosen to have a low absorption ... and a krypton arc lamp.JPG thumb 300px Laser pumping lamps. The top three are xenon flashlamps ... more details
multiple image direction vertical width 250 image1 Diode laser.jpg caption1 image2 Laser diode chip.jpg caption2 Top a packaged laser diode shown with a penny for scale. Bottom the laser diode chip is removed from the above package and placed on the eye of a needle for scale. File Laser diode close up.jpg thumb right 250px A visible light micrograph of a laser diode taken from a CD ROM drive. Visible ... collimator lens. A laser diode is a laser whose active medium is a semiconductor similar to that found in a light emitting diode . The most common type of laser diode is formed from a p n junction ... laser diodes to distinguish them from optically pumped laser diodes. Theory of operation Refimprove section date July 2011 A laser diode is formed by doping semiconductors doping a very thin layer ... . Laser diodes form a subset of the larger classification of semiconductor p n junction diodes. Forward electrical bias across the laser diode causes the two species of charge carrier electron ... injection lasers, or injection laser diode ILD . As diode lasers are semiconductor devices, they may ... state laser s. Another method of powering some diode lasers is the use of optical pumping. Optically Pumped Semiconductor Lasers OPSL use a III V semiconductor chip as the gain media, and another laser often another diode laser as the pump source. OPSL offer several advantages over ILDs, particularly ... poised to enter scientific pump laser market.QP129867.dcmp rss.page 1.html M. Arrigoni, et. al., Optically Pumped Semiconductor Lasers Green OPSLs poised to enter scientific pump laser market , OptoIQ 2009 . ref ref http www.repairfaq.org sam laserdio.htm dioopsl Optically Pumped Semiconductor Laser OPSL , Sam s Laser FAQs. ref When an electron and a hole are present in the same region, they may ..., lattice vibrations, rather than as photons. Spontaneous emission gives the laser diode below lasing threshold similar properties to an LED . Spontaneous emission is necessary to initiate laser oscillation ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Laser guidance is a technique of guiding a missile or other projectile or vehicle to a target by means of a laser beam. Some laser guided systems utilise beam riding guidance, but most operate more similarly to semi active radar homing SARH . This technique is sometimes called SALH , for Semi Active Laser Homing . With this technique, a laser is kept pointed at the target and the laser radiation bounces off the target and is scattered in all directions this is known as painting the target , or laser painting . The missile, bomb, etc. is launched or dropped somewhere near the target. When it is close enough for some of the reflected laser energy from the target to reach it, a laser seeker detects which direction this energy is coming from and adjusts the projectile trajectory towards the source. While the projectile is in the general area and the laser is kept aimed at the target, the projectile should be guided accurately to the target. Note that laser guidance is not useful against targets that do not reflect much laser energy, including those coated in special paint which absorbs laser energy. This is likely to be widely used by advanced military vehicles in order to make it harder to use laser rangefinder s against them and harder to hit them with laser guided munitions. An obvious circumvention would be to aim the laser merely close to the target. Countermeasures to laser guidance are Laser warning receiver Laser detection systems , Smoke screen , anti laser active protection systems. See also Laser guided bomb List of laser articles Missile types DEFAULTSORT Laser Guidance Category Missile guidance Missile stub id Pemandu laser it Missile a guida laser ja sv Laserstyrning ... more details
A superradiant laser is a laser that does not rely on a large population of photons within the laser cavity to maintain coherence . ref cite web url http physicsworld.com cws article news 2012 apr 05 superradiant laser created for first time title Superradiant laser created for first time date Apr 5, 2012 publisher physicsworld.com ref ref cite web url http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2012 04 120404133654.htm title New Way of Lasing A Superradiant Laser publisher Science Daily date April 4, 2012 ref Rather than relying on photons to store phase coherence, it relies on collective effects in an atomic medium to store coherence. Such a laser uses repumped Dicke superradiance or superfluorescence to sustain emission of light that can have a substantially narrower linewidth than a conventional laser. References reflist optics stub Category Laser types ... more details
atop high capacity paper feeder History of printing A laser printer is a common computer peripheral ... photocopier s and multifunction printer s MFPs , laser computer printer printer s employ ... is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer s photoreceptor. Overview A laser ... printer Impact printers impact printers , laser printer speed can vary widely, and depends on many ... over 200 monochrome pages per minute 12,000 pages per hour . The fastest color laser printers can print over 100 pages per minute 6000 pages per hour . Very high speed laser printers are used for mass ... facts about laser printing.html title Facts about laser printing access date 2010 09 01 publisher ... path. In comparison with the laser printer, most inkjet printer s and dot matrix printer s simply ... pauses as the printer waits for more data. A laser printer is unable to work this way because such a large ... left Gary Starkweather in 2009. The laser printer was invented at Xerox in 1969 by researcher Gary ... 1 57356 521 0 url http books.google.com books?id JTYPKxug49IC&pg PA152&dq starkweather laser printer ... RA2 PR48&dq starkweather laser printer 1971 parc ref The prototype was built by modifying ... drum with nowrap 8 mirrored sides, with a laser focused on the drum. Light from the laser would ... to complete. Citation needed date August 2008 The first commercial implementation of a laser printer ... Image Pa 1977 9700 medium.jpg left thumb 250px left Xerox 9700 laser printer ca. 1977 The first laser printer designed for use in an office setting was released with the nowrap Xerox Star 8010 in 1981 ... more widespread, the first laser printer intended for a mass market was the Hewlett Packard HP LaserJet ... engine controlled by HP software. The HP LaserJet printer was quickly followed by laser printers from ... in diameter. Laser printers brought fast, high quality text printing with multiple fonts on a page ... of features. As with most electronic devices, the cost of laser printers has fallen markedly over ... more details
Context date October 2009 Laser converting or laser digital converting is a Manufacturing production technology that enables device manufacturers to produce features that otherwise would be problematic or even impossible to Die preparation die cut , without the need for Machine tool tooling . In contrast to traditional mechanical converting, laser digital converting utilizes the features of laser s and advance software technology to convert parts in extremely high accuracy. In production environment, the laser digital converting is the economics of scale when the production run is short, as there is virtually no up front cost associated with machine tools making and storage. Also, the turnaround time is minimal as it only involves software interpretation on the imported engineering diagram of the part. See also List of laser articles Unreferenced date April 2007 Category Industrial processes Category Laser applications technology stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The mercury laser is a high average power laser system being developed as a prototype for systems to drive inertial confinement fusion . Like the National Ignition Facility , it is intended to produce narrow pulses of extremely high power, using laser diode diode pumped solid state laser s. Unlike the NIF system, the mercury laser aims to achieve a high repetition rate its goals are 10 pulses per second, each delivering 100 J with a 10 efficient conversion of electricity to laser light. The active gain medium is Yb SFAP Ytterbium doped Sr sub 5 sub PO sub 4 sub sub 3 sub , which is cooled by fast flowing helium to allow high repetition rates. Infrared light at 900 nm from 8 arrays of laser diode s Optical pumping pumps the laser. See also Mercury vapor lamp , a gas discharge lamp that uses the element mercury in an excited state to produce light DEFAULTSORT Mercury Laser Category Inertial confinement fusion research lasers ... more details
Image Janus laser 1975.jpg thumb right 350px The Janus laser as it appeared in 1975. The Janus laser was a then considered high power two beam infrared neodymium doped silica glass laser built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1974 for the study of inertial confinement fusion . Janus was built using about 100 pounds of Nd glass laser material. Initially, Janus was only capable of producing laser pulses of about 10 joules of energy. See also Laser Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory List of laser articles List of laser types External links http www.llnl.gov 50science lasers.html http www.osti.gov bridge servlets purl 16710 UOC0xx native 16710.pdf http adsabs.harvard.edu cgi bin nph bib query?bibcode 1978SPIE..121..111G& db key PHY& data type HTML& format & high 44fac4eeaa10084 fusion experiments Category Inertial confinement fusion research lasers physics stub ... more details
Laser guns describe guns converted from their regular ammunition to using Laser Hobby uses lasers to hit reflective targets. These have been used in Clay pigeon shooting Lasers clay pigeon shooting and were suggested for use in the Modern pentathlon at the 2012 Summer Olympics after a successful trial at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore . Use of these laser guns opens up new venues for gun sports because of the increased levels of safety. ref cite web title LONDON 2012 Olympic modern pentathlon to feature laser guns url http www.morethanthegames.co.uk london 2012 2312228 london 2012 olympic modern pentathlon feature laser guns publisher morethanthegames.com accessdate 5 May 2011 date 23 August 2010 ref For fictional uses see Ray gun For military laser applications see Laser weapon Military Laser weapon and Directed energy weapons Lasers Direct energy weapons For gaming uses see Light gun and Laser tag See also List of laser articles References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Laser Guns Category Laser applications weapon stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Laser snow is the Precipitation chemistry precipitation of Cluster physics clustered atoms or molecules, induced by passing a laser beam through certain gas ses. DEFAULTSORT Laser Snow Category Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Atomic physics stub ... more details
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