Chlamydia may refer to Chlamydia infection , a sexually transmitted infection ChlamydiabacteriumChlamydiabacterium , a genus of pathogenic bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis , causing human sexually transmitted disease and eye infections Chlamydia muridarum , causing disease in mice and hamsters the Muridae Chlamydia suis , bacteria that infect pigs Sus suis Chlamydophila , another genus of pathogenic bacteria Chlamydophila pneumoniae , also known as Chlamydia pneumoniae, an airborne chlamydial species responsible for human respiratory infection and numerous animal infections Chlamydophila pecorum , a chlamydial species common in livestock Chlamydophila psittaci , a highly virulent chlamydial species prevalent in birds Chlamydophila abortus , a chlamydial species that causes abortion in mammals Chlamydophila felis , a chlamydial species found in cats Chlamydophila caviae , a chlamydial species found in Guinea pigs Chlamydiaceae , family of bacteria including Chlamydia and Chlamydophila Chlamydiae , class of bacteria including Chlamydiaceae disambig ca Chlamydia es Chlamydia desambiguaci n id Chlamydia nl Chlamydia sv Klamydia tr Klamidya ... more details
automatic taxobox binomial Chlamydia trachomatis ref cite web author J.P. Euz by url http www.bacterio.cict.fr c chlamydia.html title Chlamydia accessdate 2008 09 11 work List of Prokaryotic names with Standing ... small Chlamydia trachomatis , an Obligate intracellular parasite obligate intracellular human pathogen , is one of three bacteria l species in the genus Chlamydia genus Chlamydia . ref name Sherris .... ref name MW cite web url http microbewiki.kenyon.edu index.php Chlamydia title Chlamydia author ... bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis were first described in 1907, the Chlamydia trachomatis agent ... isolation of Chlamydia, including TRIC agent, from the eye, genital tract, and rectum. Br J Vener ... in the diagnostic isolation of Chlamydia, including TRIC agent, from the eye, genital tract, and rectum. ref cite journal author Budai I title Chlamydia trachomatis milestones in clinical and microbiological ... H, Falk L, Jurstrand M, Unemo M title Molecular genetic methods for diagnosis and characterisation of Chlamydia ... cite journal author Carlson JH, Whitmire WM, Crane DD, et al. title The Chlamydia trachomatis Plasmid ... on March 12, 2012 in Nature Genetics, researchers have found that Chlamydia has evolved more actively ... of DNA between different strains of Chlamydia to form new strains is much more common than expected. ref cite web url http www.totheunknown.com ?p 309 title Whole genome analysis of Chlamydia trachomatis ... 2012 03 12 ref Identification Chlamydia species are readily identified and distinguished from other ... Ortiz L, Angevine M, Kim SK, Watkins D, DeMars R title T Cell Epitopes in Variable Segments of Chlamydia ... 1723.2000 pmc 97337 ref However, these mAbs may also cross react with two other Chlamydia species, Chlamydia suis C. suis and Chlamydia muridarum C. muridarum . Life cycle File Chlamydae Life Cycle.svg Clinical significance See also Chlamydia infection C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen i.e. the bacterium lives within human cells and can cause numerous disease states ... more details
bacterial diseases Wikispecies Chlamydia DEFAULTSORT ChlamydiaBacterium Category Chlamydiae ...For the disease in humans Chlamydia infection taxobox image ChlamydiaTrachomatisEinschlussk rperchen.jpg ... Chlamydiae classis Chlamydiae ordo Chlamydiales familia Chlamydiaceae genus Chlamydia ref cite web author J.P. Euz by url http www.bacterio.cict.fr c chlamydia.html title Chlamydia accessdate 2008 ... al. 1945 emend. Everett et al. 1999 small subdivision ranks Species subdivision Chlamydia muridarum small Everett et al. 1999 small br Chlamydia suis small Everett et al. 1999 small br Chlamydia trachomatis small Busacca 1935 Rake 1957 emend. Everett et al. 1999 small br Chlamydia is a genus of bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasite s. Chlamydia infection s are the most common bacterial ... 4th ed. pages 463 70 publisher McGraw Hill year 2004 isbn 0838585299 ref The three Chlamydia species include Chlamydia trachomatis a human pathogen , Chlamydia suis affects only Pig swine , and Chlamydia ... 2008 10 28 ref Classification Because of Chlamydia s unique developmental cycle, it was taxonomically classified in a separate order. ref name Chlamydia trachomatis cite web url http www.tjclarkinc.com bacterial diseases chlamydia trachomatis.htm title Chlamydia trachomatis date accessdate June 18, 2010 ref Chlamydia is part of the Chlamydiales order, Chlamydiaceae family. As of March 2008 ... Chlamydia species have genomes of approximately 1 to 1.3 Base pair Length measurements megabases in length ... accessdate January 19, 2012 ref Chlamydia may be found in the form of an elementary body and a reticulate ... produces 100 1000 elementary bodies. Chlamydia may also take the form of a reticulate body, which is in fact .... ref name Chlamydia trachomatis Studies on the growth cycle of C. trachomatis and C. psittaci ..., chlamydial infections ref cite web url http www.nhs.uk Livewell focusonchlamydia Pages Focus on chlamydia hub.aspx title Chlamydia protection date accessdate August 1, 2010 ref do not cause symptoms ... more details
dablink For Chlamydia s life cycle, see Chlamydiabacterium dablink For infectious agents previously designated Chlamydiae, see species of Chlamydophila pp semi small yes Infobox disease Name Chlamydia ... D002690 Chlamydia infection from the Ancient Greek Greek , meaning cloak is a common sexually transmitted disease sexually transmitted infection STI in humans caused by the bacteriumChlamydia trachomatis . The term Chlamydia infection can also refer to infection caused by any species belonging ... professional Taxonomy diagram accessdate 2007 10 27 work ref Chlamydia is a major infectious cause of human genital and eye disease . Chlamydia infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted ... with chlamydia. ref http www.cdc.gov std Chlamydia STDFact Chlamydia.htm Chlamydia fact ... only inside human cells. Chlamydia can be transmitted during vaginal intercourse vaginal , anal sex ... . Between half and three quarters of all women who have a chlamydia infection of the cervix cervicitis ... consequences. Chlamydia conjunctivitis or trachoma is a common cause of blindness worldwide. The World ... title Chlamydia journal Nat Rev Microbiol volume 2 issue 7 pages 530 1 year 2004 pmid 15248311 doi 10.1038 .... The images shown here are relevant to the content, please do not remove them. Image SOA Chlamydia ... cervix cervical discharge, erythema , and inflammation . Image SOA Chlamydia trachomatis male.jpg ... dangerous complications of pregnancy. Chlamydia is known as the Silent Epidemic because in women, it may ... chlamydia title FreeTest.Me About Chlamydia accessdate 2008 12 15 format work ref and can linger for months ... urination or the urge to urinate more frequently than usual urinary urgency . Men In men, chlamydia ... for chlamydia in men to spread to the testicles causing epididymitis , which in rare cases can cause infertility sterility if not treated within 6 to 8 weeks. Chlamydia is also a potential cause of prostatitis ... disease Main Trachoma Image SOA conjunctivitis.jpg thumb Conjunctivitis due to chlamydia. Chlamydia ... more details
Chlamydia antibodies are antibodies targeting bacteria of the Chlamydia genus Chlamydia genus, but it generally refers specifically to antibodies targeting Chlamydia trachomatis , which is the cause of Chlamydia infection in humans. Usage Testing for Chlamydia antibodies is not the mainstay diagnostic tool for Chlamydia infection , which is preferentially diagnosed by Nucleic acid amplification test s NAAT such as polymerase chain reaction PCR . However, testing for Chlamydia antibodies is a cost effective screening device in detecting Fallopian tube Pathology fallopian tube pathology , as it is often related to Chlamydia infection. ref name coog cite journal author Kodaman PH, Arici A, Seli E. title Evidence based diagnosis and management of tubal factor infertility. journal Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jun 16 3 221 9. pmid 15129051 ref The preferred technique for this purpose is by micro immunofluorescence MIF , because it superior in the assessment of tubal pathology when compared with immunofluorescence IF or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA . ref cite doi 10.1093 humupd dmq060 ref References reflist Category Chlamydiae medicine stub ... more details
automatic taxobox binomial Chlamydia suis binomial authority Chlamydia suis is a member of the genus Chlamydophila Chlamydia . C. suis has only been isolated from swine , in which it may be Endemic epidemiology endemic . Glycogen has been detected in Chlamydia suis inclusions in infected swine tissues and in cell culture. C. suis is associated with conjunctivitis , enteritis and pneumonia in swine Rogers & Andersen, 1996 Rogers et al., 1996 . Some strains have enhanced resistance to sulfadiazine and tetracycline Andersen & Rogers, 1998 Rockey et al., 2004 Pignanelli & Shurdhi, 2011 . Several strains of C. suis are known to have an extrachromosomal plasmid , pCS. C. suis strains are somewhat more diverse than are other chlamydial species. The deduced ompA gene products of various Chlamydia suis strains contain vs4 epitope s TLNPTIAG A.K.T G D.K.N.T , TWNPTIAGAGS or TLNPTISGKGQ. These epitopes are identical or nearly identical to the Chlamydia MOMP core epitopes NPTI, TLNPTI, LNPTIA or LNPTI, which are recognized by Chlamydia trachomatis vs4 mAbs. They are also identical or nearly identical to TIAGAGD and IAGAG epitopes, which are recognized by C. trachomatis B serogroup mAbs Batteiger et al., 1996 . External links http www.chlamydiae.com restricted docs infections vet C.suis.asp Chlamydia suis at www.chlamydiae.com Category Chlamydiae Category Bacterial diseases ... more details
Automatic taxobox binomial Chlamydia muridarum binomial authority Everett et al. , 1999 Chlamydia muridarum is an intracellular bacterial species that at one time belonged to Chlamydia trachomatis . However, C. trachomatis naturally only infects humans and C. muridarum naturally infects only members of the family Muridae includes both mice and hamster s, Alderton, 1996 . Two strains of Chlamydia muridarum , MoPn originally named Nigg and SFPD, ref Fox et al., 1993 Nigg, 1942 Stills et al., 1991 ref have been isolated from mice and hamsters. Glycogen production by both strains has been demonstrated, although it is difficult to detect glycogen in MoPn Moulder et al., 1984 . The chromosome and extrachromosomal plasmid of MoPn have been sequenced. Chlamydia muridarum MoPn binds mAbs recognizing Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP vs4 core epitope T LNPT IA . ref Peterson et al., 1991 ref DNA sequence analysis indicates that these mAbs should recognize SFPD and that Chlamydia trachomatis B serogroup mAbs specific for the vs4 epitope IAGAG should recognize SFPD. ref Batteiger et al., 1996 ref MoPn was isolated in 1942 from the lungs of asymptomatic albino Swiss mice and was subsequently shown to be capable of producing disease in mice ref Nigg, 1942 ref . SFPD was obtained from a hamster, concurrent with a causative agent of proliferative ileitis . MoPn has been shown to be sensitive to sulfadiazine . References reflist Category Chlamydiae pt Chlamydia muridarum ... more details
Bacterium may refer to Singular form of bacteria Bacterium genus Bacterium film Bacterium film , a 2006 film See also Bacteria disambiguation disambig ... more details
italic title The genus Bacterium was a taxon described in 1828 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg . The type species was later changed from Bacterium triloculare to Bacterium coli now Escherichia coli as it was lost. ref name status cite pmid 16559906 ref In 1951 and then in 1954 it was recognised as a nomen generum rejiciendum , which means a rejected generic name, this also applied to its family Bacteriaceae . ref cite journal name International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy year 1954 volume 4 issue 142 url http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi reprint 4 3 4 141.pdf ref ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books NBK8805 Bacteriological code Appendix 5 J.O. 4 ref This genus included non spore forming rods whose relation to other species was obscure a taxonomy dumping group . This is different to the genus Bacillus , whose members were spore forming rods sensu Cohn 1872 ref COHN F. Untersuchungen ber Bakterien. Beitrage zur Biologie der Pflanzen Heft 2, 1872, 1, 127 224. ref . Species Many species were placed under the genus. Given that the genus was abolished in the process of forming the Bacteriological Code there is no such thing as an official list of species present. These are those accepted by Breed and Conn in 1935 ref name status Bacterium radiobacter , then Agrobacterium tumefaciens , now Rhizobium radiobacter Bacterium aerogenes , now Aerobacter aerogenes Bacterium violaceum , now Chromobacterium violaceum Bacterium amylovorum , now Erwinia amylovora Bacterium zopfii , now Kurthia zopfii Bacterium monocytogenes , now Listeria monocytogenes Bacterium pneumoniae , now Klebsiella pneumoniae See also Bacteria Bacterial taxonomy References reflist Category Bacteria ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Rhodobium bacterium Taxobox color lightgrey name Rhodobium regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Alpha Proteobacteria ordo Rhizobiales familia Rhodobiaceae genus Rhodobium subdivision ranks Species subdivision R. orientis br R. marina Rhodobium is a genus of purple bacteria purple non sulfur bacteria that reproduces by budding . The cells are rod shaped and reproduce by budding , as in many other members of the Rhizobiales . RNA trees separate it from the others, however, and it is given its own family. R. orientis , the type species, was isolated from seawater in 1995. It is capable of photosynthetic hydrogen production via the nitrogenase enzyme. References Hiraishi A, Urata K, Satoh T. 1995 . A new genus of marine budding phototrophic bacteria, Rhodobium gen. nov., which includes Rhodobium orientis sp. nov. and Rhodobium marinum comb. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 45 226 234. DEFAULTSORT Rhodobium Bacterium Category Rhizobiales Proteobacteria stub ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2009 DISPLAYTITLE Hafnia bacterium Taxobox name Hafnia image Hafnia alvei.tif image width 240px image caption Hafnia alvei cultures regnum Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Enterobacteriales familia Enterobacteriaceae genus Hafnia genus authority M ller, 1954 subdivision ranks Species subdivision H. alvei Hafnia is the genus of the Enterobacteriaceae family whose only species is the Gram negative , Facultative anaerobic organism facultatively anaerobic , bacillus rod shaped bacterium Hafnia alvei . H. alvei is a Commensalism commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract and not normally pathogenic , but may cause disease in immunocompromised patients. It is often drug resistance resistant to multiple antibiotics, including the aminopenicillin s. References Much of the content of this article comes from the corresponding de Hafnia German language Wikipedia article . DEFAULTSORT Hafnia Bacterium Category Enterobacteria Proteobacteria stub de Hafnia es Hafnia alvei fr Hafnia pl Hafnia ru ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Providencia bacterium Taxobox name Providencia image Providencia alcalifaciens.jpg image caption Providencia alcalifaciens regnum Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Enterobacteriales familia Enterobacteriaceae genus Providencia genus authority Ewing 1962 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Providencia stuartii P. stuartii br Providencia sneebia P. sneebia br Providencia rettgeri P. rettgeri br Providencia rustigianii P. rustigianii br Providencia heimbachae P. heimbachae br Providencia burhodogranariea P. burhodogranariea br Providencia alcalifaciens P. alcalifaciens Providencia is a Gram negative , motile bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae . Some strains Providencia stuartii P. stuartii , for example are opportunistic pathogen s in humans and can cause urinary tract infection s, particularly in patients with long term indwelling Foley catheter urinary catheters or extensive severe Burn injury burns . Other strains for example Providencia burhodogranariea P. burhodogranariea and Providencia sneebia P. sneebia are found in the haemolymph of Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies. ref Cite pmid 19406801 ref Some strains are sensitive to ampicillin . References Cite book author Ryan KJ Ray CG editors title Sherris Medical Microbiology edition 4th ed. publisher McGraw Hill year 2004 isbn 0 8385 8529 9 references DEFAULTSORT Providencia Bacterium Category Enterobacteria bacteria stub ca Provid ncia g nere de Providencia Bakteriengattung es Providencia bacteria fa fr Providencia genre pt Providencia bact ria ... more details
About the bacteria the snail Coxiella gastropod italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Coxiella regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Legionellales familia Coxiellaceae genus Coxiella Coxiella refers to a genus of Gram negative bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae . It is named after Harold H. R. Cox Herald Rea Cox 1907 1986 , an American bacteriologist. It is one of the Gammaproteobacteria . ref MeshName Coxiella ref Coxiella burnetii is the only member of this genus. It is an intracellular bacterium and it survives within the phagolysosome s of its host. It causes Q fever . References Reflist External links http patricbrc.org portal portal patric Taxon?cType taxon&cId 776 Coxiella genomes and related information at http patricbrc.org PATRIC , a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by http www.niaid.nih.gov NIAID Category Proteobacteria bg Coxiella id Coxiella nl Coxiella simple Coxiella ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Massilia bacterium Taxobox color lightgrey regnum Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Beta Proteobacteria ordo Burkholderiales familia Oxalobacteraceae genus Massilia genus authority La Scola et al. 2000 type species Massilia timonae subdivision ranks Species subdivision Massilia is a genus of bacteria in the Oxalobacteraceae family. ref name pmid9738031 Cite journal author La Scola B, Birtles RJ, Mallet MN, Raoult D title Massilia timonae gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from Blood of an Immunocompromised Patient with Cerebellar Lesions journal Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 36 issue 10 pages 2847 52 year 1998 month October pmid 9738031 pmc 105075 doi url http jcm.asm.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9738031 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Massilia Bacterium Category Burkholderiales Proteobacteria stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Quinella bacterium Taxobox color lightgrey name Quinella regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Veillonellaceae genus Quinella genus authority Krumholz et al., 1993 subdivision ranks Species ref http www.dsmz.de microorganisms html literature literature005712.html ref subdivision Quinella ovalis Quinella is a genus of bacteria in the Veillonellaceae family. Its only species, Quinella ovalis , is an extremely large motile rumen Anaerobic organism anaerobic prokaryote previously known as Quin s Oval . ref Cite journal doi 10.1099 00207713 43 2 293 author Krumholz, L.R., Bryant, M.P., Brulla, W.J., Vicini, J.L., Clark, J.H. & Stahl, D.A. title Proposal of Quinella ovalis gen. nov., sp. nov., Based on Phylogenetic Analysis journal Int J Syst Bacteriol volume 43 pages 293 296 year 1993 pmid 7684240 issue 2 ref ref Cite journal author Quin, J.I. title Studies on the alimentary tract of Merino sheep in South Africa. VII. Fermentation in the forestomachs of sheep. journal Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry volume 18 pages 91 112 year 1943 ref In the illustrated atlas of sheep rumen organisms of Moir and Masson, their organism no. 3 represents Quinella ovalis ref Cite journal author Moir, R.J. & Masson, M.J. title An illustrated scheme for the microscopic identification of the rumen micro organisms of sheep journal J. Path. Bact. volume 64 issue 2 pages 343 350 year 1952 pmid 14946656 doi 10.1002 path.1700640210 ref . References references DEFAULTSORT Quinella Bacterium Category Clostridiales bacteria stub it Quinella ovalis ... more details
other uses Gelria disambiguation Italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Gelria regnum Bacteria divisio Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Thermoanaerobacterales familia Thermoanaerobacteraceae genus Gelria genus authority Caroline M Plugge Plugge et al. 2002 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Gelria glutamica ref Gelria glutamica gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, obligately syntrophic, glutamate degrading anaerobe. Caroline M Plugge, Melike Balk, Erwin G Zoetendal and Alfons J M Stams, IJSEM, March 2002, vol. 52, no. 2, page 401 407, http ijs.sgmjournals.org content 52 2 401.short abstract ref Gelria is an endospore forming bacterium genus in the family Thermoanaerobacteraceae . The name of the genus comes from Gelre present province of Gelderland , one of the 12 provinces in The Netherlands. See also List of bacterial genera named after geographical names References Reflist External links wikispecies Gelria commons Gelria Category Thermoanaerobacteriales Bacteria stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Stigmatella domain Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Deltaproteobacteria ordo Myxococcales subordo Cystobacterineae familia Cystobacteraceae genus Stigmatella binomial authority Berkeley and Curtis 1875, genus . ref http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi reprint 30 1 225 ref type species S. aurantiaca subdivision ranks Species Stigmatella is a bacterium genus in the phylum Proteobacteria . ref lpsn classificationsz.html Classification of Genera SZ ref Etymology The name Stigmatella derives from br Latin grammatical gender neuter gender noun stigma atis , brand, mark Latin grammatical gender feminine gender dim. ending ella New Latin grammatical gender feminine gender noun Stigmatella , small dark spot. ref name main lpsn s stigmatella.html Stigmatella ref Species The genus contains 3 species including basonyms and synonyms , namely ref name main Stigmatella aurantiaca S. aurantiaca Berkeley and Curtis 1875, species . Type species of the genus . New Latin grammatical gender feminine gender adjective aurantiaca , orange colored. ref http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi reprint 30 1 225 ref Stigmatella erecta S. erecta Schroeter 1886 McCurdy 1971, species . Latin grammatical gender feminine gender participle adjective erecta from Latin v. erigo , erected, rised. ref http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi reprint 30 1 225 ref Stigmatella hybrida S. hybrida Reichenbach 2007, Latin grammatical gender feminine gender adjective hybrida , half breed, bastard. ref cite doi 10.1099 ijs.0.65207 0 ref See also Bacterial taxonomy Microbiology References reflist Category Proteobacteria ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Proteus bacterium Taxobox color lightgrey name Proteus image Proteus McConkey.jpg image width 240px image caption Proteus vulgaris growth in MacConkey agar culture plate domain Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gammaproteobacteria ordo Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriales familia Enterobacteriaceae genus Proteus genus authority Hauser 1885 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Proteus hauseri P. hauseri br Proteus mirabilis P. mirabilis br Proteus myxofaciens P. myxofaciens br Proteus penneri P. penneri br Proteus vulgaris P. vulgaris Proteus is a genus of Gram negative Proteobacteria . Clinical significance Three species&mdash Proteus vulgaris P. vulgaris , Proteus mirabilis P. mirabilis , and Proteus penneri P. penneri &mdash are Opportunistic infection opportunistic human pathogen s. Proteus includes pathogens responsible for many human urinary tract infection s. ref name Barron Cite book author Guentzel MN title Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter, and Proteus. In Barron s Medical Microbiology Barron S et al. , eds. edition 4th publisher Univ of Texas Medical Branch year 1996 id http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid mmed.section.1472 via NCBI Bookshelf ISBN 0 9631172 1 1 ref P. mirabilis causes wound and urinary tract infections. Most strains of P. mirabilis are sensitive to ampicillin and cephalosporin s. P. vulgaris is not sensitive to these antibiotics. However, this organism is isolated less often in the laboratory and usually only targets immunosuppressed individuals. P. vulgaris occurs naturally in the intestines of humans and a wide variety of animals also manure, soil and polluted waters. P. mirabilis , once attached to urinary tract, infects the kidney more commonly than E. coli . P. mirabili s are often found as free living organisms in soil and water. Identification Proteus species do not usually ferment lactose ... 10629184 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Proteus Bacterium Category Enterobacteria Proteobacteria ... more details
Italic title Refimprove date March 2012 Taxobox color lightgrey name Buchnera aphidicola regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Gamma Proteobacteria ordo Enterobacteriales familia Enterobacteriaceae genus Buchnera species B. aphidicola binomial Buchnera aphidicola Buchnera aphidicola a member of the Proteobacteria , is the primary Endosymbiosis endosymbiont of Aphid aphids , and has been studied in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum . Buchnera is believed to have had a free living, Gram negative ancestor similar to a modern Enterobacteriaceae , such as Escherichia coli . Buchnera is 3 m in diameter and has some of the key characteristics of their Enterobacteriaceae relatives, such as a Gram negative cell wall. However, unlike most other Gram negative bacteria, Buchnera lacks the genes to produce lipopolysaccharides for its outer membrane. The long association with aphids and the limitation of Chromosomal crossover crossover events due to strictly vertical transmission has seen the deletion of genes required for anaerobic respiration , the synthesis of amino sugars , fatty acids , phospholipids , and complex carbohydrates . This has resulted not only in one of the smallest known genomes of any living organism, but also one of the most genetically stable. The Symbiosis symbiotic relationship with aphids began between 160 million and 280 million years ago, ref name symbionin cite journal title The Interactions of Allium sativum Leaf Agglutinin with a Chaperonin Group of Unique Receptor Protein Isolated from a Bacterial Endosymbiont of the Mustard Aphid url http www.jbc.org cgi content full M401405200 pmid 15028723 doi 10.1074 jbc.M401405200 year 2004 last1 Banerjee first1 S last2 Hess first2 D last3 Majumder first3 P last4 Roy first4 D last5 Das first5 S volume 279 issue 22 pages 23782 9 journal The Journal of biological chemistry ref and has persisted through ... of a symbiotic bacterium was carried out by Baumann, using Buchnera . The initial studies ... more details
Asymmetric bacteria are bacteria that, as their name implies, undergo non symmetrical life cycles. This especially includes those that cellular differentiation differentiate temporally, such as prosthecate bacteria . ref name Brock cite book author Madigan, Michael T., Martinko, John M. title Brock Biology of Microorganisms edition 11th ed. publisher Pearson Prentice Hall year 2006 isbn 0 13 196893 9 ref References references Category Bacteria bacteria stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Tetracoccus bacteria Taxobox color darkgrey name Tetracoccus domain Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Alphaproteobacteria ordo Rhodobacterales familia Rhodobacteraceae genus Tetracoccus subdivision ranks Species biology Species subdivision Tetracoccus cechii synonyms Tetracoccus Blackall et al. 1997 In alpha taxonomy taxonomy , Tetracoccus is a genus biology genus of the Rhodobacteraceae . ref See the National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Taxonomy Browser wwwtax.cgi?mode Info&id 56056 webpage on Tetracoccus . Data extracted from the Cite web url ftp ftp.ncbi.nih.gov pub taxonomy title NCBI taxonomy resources publisher National Center for Biotechnology Information accessdate 2007 03 19 ref References Reflist 1 Further reading Scientific journals cite journal author Blackall LL, Rossetti S, Christensson C, Cunningham M, Hartman P, Hugenholtz P, Tandoi V date 1997 title The characterization and description of representatives of G bacteria from activated sludge plants journal Lett. Appl. Microbiol. volume 25 pages 63&ndash 69 pmid 9248083 doi 10.1046 j.1472 765X.1997.00176.x issue 1 Scientific books cite book author Garrity GM, Holt JG date 2001 chapter Taxonomic Outline of the Archaea and Bacteria title Bergey s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1 The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria edition 2nd editor DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds. pages 155 166 publisher Springer Verlag location New York isbn 978 0387987712 Scientific databases Taxonomic references taxon Tetracoccus External links Taxonomic links microbe yes NCBI taxID 56056 taxoname Tetracoccus LSPN letter t LSPN taxoname tetracoccus DEFAULTSORT Tetracoccus Bacteria Category Rhodobacterales Category Bacteria genera Category Microbiology Proteobacteria stub ... more details
Wikify date July 2011 Fibrolytic Bacteria constitute a group of microorganisms that are able to process complex plant polysaccharides thanks to their capacity to synthesize cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. Polysaccharides are present in plant cellular cell walls in a compact fiber form were they are mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose. Fibrolytic enzymes, which are classified as cellulases, can hydrolize the 1 4 bonds in plant polysaccharides. Cellulase and hemicellulase also known as xylanase are the two main representatives of these enzymes. Content 1. Biological characteristics 2.Cellulolytic communities 3.Applications 3.1.General applications 3.2. Energy applications 4.Discovery of fibrolytic genes and fibrolytic bacteria 4.1. Analysis of microbial community specificity 4.2. Metagenomic sequentiation 4.3. Identification of carbohidrate active genes 4.4. Identificacion of fibrolytic microorganisms 5.External links 6.References Biological characteristics Fibrolytic bacteria use glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway as the main metabolic routes to catabolize carbohydrates in order to obtain energy and carbon backbones. They use ammonia as the major and practically exclusive source of nitrogen, and they require several B vitamins for their development. They often depend on other microorganisms to obtain some of their nutrients. Although their growth rate is considered slow, it can be enhanced in the presence of considerable amounts of short chain fatty acids isobutyric and isovaleric . These compounds are normally generated as a product of the amino acid fermentative activity of other microorganisms . Because of their habitat conditions, most fibrolytic bacteria are anaerobic . Cellulolytic communities Most fibrolytic bacteria are classified as Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes and include several bacterial species with diverse morphological and physiological characteristics. KNOW FIBROLYTIC BACTERIA class wikitable KNOW FIBROLYTIC BACTERIA C ... more details
Refimprove date August 2008 Perihepatitis is inflammation of the serous or peritoneal coating of the liver . Perihepatitis is often caused by one of the inflammatory disorders of the female upper genital tract, known collectively as Pelvic inflammatory disease . Some patients have sharp Right upper quadrant abdomen right upper abdominal quadrant pain. One of the Complication medicine complications of perihepatitis is Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome . Common bacteria for this disease are Chlamydia bacterium Chlamydia Trachomatis and Gonococcus Category Hepatitis ja ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
