other uses Refimprove date March 2009 A collective is a group of entities that share or are motivated by at least one common issue or interest, or work together on a specific project s to achieve a common objective. citation needed date October 2011 Collectives differ from cooperative s in that they are not necessarily focused upon an economic benefit or saving but can be that as well . There may be some issues with meaningfully describing the qualities of a collective. Types of groups Collectives are sometimes characterised by attempts to share and exercise political power political and power sociology social power and to make decisions on a consensus driven and egalitarianism egalitarian basis. A Commune intentional community commune or intentional community , which may also be known as a collective ..., or in some other arrangement e.g. sharing land . Collective households may be organized for a specific purpose e.g. relating to business, parenting , or some other shared interest . The term collective is sometimes used to describe a species as a whole for example, the human collective . A street artist collective , sometimes referred to as a graffiti crew or in other instances simply an artist collective is typically a collection of individuals with similar interests in producing and documenting ... with someone else and have no other goals or motivations for forming their collective. A work collective is a type of horizontal collectivism wherein a business functions as a partnership of individual ... collective aims to reduce costs to clients while maintaining healthy rewards for participating partners ... Collectivism Collective farming Artist collective Musical collectiveCollective bargaining Collective agreement Collective investment scheme Collective security Collective intelligence Collective consciousness Collective unconscious Discursive dilemma Kibbutz Law collective Mutual aid organization ... web.archive.org web 20050307063955 http www.redemmas.org collectives.shtml Collective Labor is Direct ... more details
wiktionary collective A collective is a group that makes decisions usually with unanimity. Collective may also refer to Collective number , a kind of grammatical number Collective operation , an operation in parallel computing Collective pitch , a flight control in helicopters Collective digital creative agency , a UK based digital creative agency The Collective, Inc. , an American video game company The Ayn Rand Collective , a group of people associated with Ayn Rand and Objectivism during the 60 s and 70 s The Collective mountain biking , a group of filmmakers, photographers, and mountain bikers Workers collective , a type of economic labor organization characterized by employee ownership and participation in decision making Collective investment scheme a method for a group to invest together Artist collective , a group of artists who coordinate activities for mutual benefit Musical collective , a flexible type of band Collective farm , a large farm leased from the state to groups of peasant farmers The Collective comics , a recently introduced Marvel Comics character Collective Man , another Marvel character Collective Law & Order Criminal Intent Collective Law & Order Criminal Intent , a 2005 episode of Law & Order Criminal Intent Collective Star Trek Voyager Collective Star Trek Voyager , a 2000 episode of Star Trek Voyager Collective BBC , an interactive culture magazine hosted by the BBC s website, bbc.co.uk Collective I ve album , 2005 Collective Stavesacre album Collective Stavesacre album The Collective 2008 film The Collective 2008 film , a 2008 American independent horror film The Collective Shreveport , a music venue located in Shreveport, Louisiana The Collective album The Collective album , a 2011 album by Scale the Summit disambiguation es Colectivo fr Collectif pt Coletivo ... more details
Multiple issues orphan January 2011 notability May 2009 unreferenced May 2009 The Firehouse Collective is a large scale artist collective in Berkeley, CA . It was founded during the summer of 2006 by graduates of ceramics at California College of the Arts , Tom Franco and Joe Kowalczyk . Early in the development of the collective they met Sara Kagan , and the three became the founding members. Together with the help of various artists they established the artist collective. The collective operates two working artist studios East West Studios in south Berkeley, California and an art classroom and a gallery Firehouse North in the gourmet ghetto of north Berkeley. The Collective is home to over twenty emerging artists, working in various media. It was voted best open studio by Diablo Magazine in its July, 2008 edition. Managers Tom Franco Chris Hawkins Members Empty section date January 2011 Non Studio Members Empty section date January 2011 External links http www.firehousecollective.com Firehouse Collective Firehouse Collective website Category Artist collectives ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Fiction date October 2009 Puffball Collective First Appearance Incredible ... called the Puffball Collective. The Puffball Collective was composed of a multitude of pale yellow thistle like puffballs. The Puffball Collective tried help the Hulk, who had lost all of Bruce Banner s intellect and persona and now had the mentality of a feral animal. The Puffball Collective ... to death. The Puffball Collective would sometime psychically probe Hulk s mind just to get a response out of him. Issue date July 2011 Though the Puffball Collective could not leave the Crossroads, it and the Hulk ... Collective became part of the crew of the space vessel Andromeda, helmed by Xeron the Starslayer and Captain Cybor. With the help of a powerful force field the Puffball Collective was finally .... Issue date July 2011 After Hulk and the Puffball Collective returned to the Crossroads, the Puffball Collective asked the Hulk to help it return to it homeworld. A world it described as a paradise ..., the gateway to its world was barricaded by chains which the Puffball Collective lacked the strength to break but the Hulk could. Issue date July 2011 Finding the Puffball Collective s world was now a desolate wasteland the Hulk finally learned the truth. The Puffball Collective was once part of a greater worldwide Collective. The small faction of the greater Collective which was the Puffball Collective secretly studied arcane magic. Using this magic it summoned a horde of demon s. The N Garai demons quickly started killing the Collective and destroying the planet. When the worldwide Collective discovered that the Puffball Collective was responsible for summoning the N Garai demons, the worldwide Collective exiled the Puffball Collective to the Crossroads. Issue date July 2011 Betrayed to the N Garai by the Puffball Collective, the Hulk escaped with the help of three parts of his ... Collective s world, leaving the Puffball Collective to be destroyed by the very demons he summoned ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Envelope Collective is an ongoing collaborative art project that uses mail as a medium. The Envelope Collective was founded by http heyitsgarrett.com 20 Garrett Miller and Adam Morse on November 3, 2005. Anyone can send anything to the Envelope Collective people from all over the world have sent in everything from boxes of Kraft Mac and Cheese to handmade paper envelope s. On April 11, 2006 The Envelope Collective reached 300 submissions. The Envelope Collective is not accepting submissions any longer. Garrett and Adam have graduated from Oberlin College and moved to Washington, D.C. and Los Angeles, California. The Envelope Collective is one of the largest online collectives of Mail art with over 1000 submissions from hundreds of artists. External links http www.envelopecollective.com The Envelope Collective official web site is closed. http www.flickr.com people heyitsgarrett Garrett Miller s photos Garrett Miller s photos Category Ephemera Category Performance artist collectives art org stub ... more details
A collective operation is a concept in parallel computing in which data is simultaneously sent to or received from many nodes. Common examples of collective operations are gather in which data is collected from all nodes , scatter in which a set of data is broken up into pieces, and a different piece is sent to all nodes , and broadcast in which the same data is sent to all nodes . Parallel computing frameworks with collective operations Collective operations are present in the following parallel programming frameworks Google s MapReduce framework Message Passing Interface MPI ref http www.mcs.anl.gov research projects mpi mpi standard mpi report 2.0 node144.htm Intercommunicator Collective Operations . The Message Passing Interface MPI standard, chapter 7.3.1. Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory . ref References references Compu network stub Category Programming constructs ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Collective routing is routing in which a switching center automatically delivers message s to a specified list of destinations. Collective routing avoids the need to list each single Network address address in the message heading . Major relay stations usually transmit messages bearing collective routing indicators to tributary, minor, and other major relay stations. References FS1037C Category Routing telecomm stub ... more details
Collective wisdom , also called group wisdom and co intelligence is shared knowledge arrived at by individuals and groups. Collective intelligence , which is sometimes used synonymously with collective wisdom, is more of a shared decision process than collective wisdom. Unlike collective wisdom, collective intelligence it is not uniquely human, and has been associated with animal and plant life. Collective intelligence is basically consensus driven decision making, whereas collective wisdom is not necessarily focused on the decision process. Collective wisdom is a more amorphous phenomenon which can be characterized by collective learning over time. History Collective wisdom, which may be said to have a more distinctly human quality than collective intelligence, is contained in such early works ... truth, the point of collective wisdom is to make life easier more enjoyable through understanding human behavior, whereas the point of collective intelligence is to make life easier more enjoyable through the application of acquired knowledge. While collective intelligence may be said to have more mathematical and scientific bases, collective wisdom also accounts for the spiritual realm of human behaviors and consciousness. Thomas Jefferson referred to the concept of collective wisdom ... Thomas Hobbes uses his Leviathan to illustrate how mankind s collective consciousness grows to create collective wisdom. mile Durkheim argues in The Elementary Forms of Religious Life 1912 that society ..., thereby achieving collective wisdom. 19th century Prussian physicist Gustav Fechner argued for a collective consciousness of mankind, and cited Durkheim as the most credible scholar in the field of collective consciousness. Fechner also referred to the work of Jesuit Priest Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , whose concept of the noosphere was a precursor to the term collective intelligence. H.G. ... directs evolutionary change through collective information processing. Alexander Flor related ... more details
primarysources date February 2010 The Rhizome Collective is a Consensus democracy consensus run 501 c 3 nonprofit organization based on Austin, Texas Austin , Texas , United States USA . It operated an Educational Center for Urban Sustainability and a Center for Community Organizing until March of 2009 when the collective and its members were evicted from their location at 303 Allen St on Austin s east side. The collective and its members are currently reforming around the search for a new physical space. History Foundation The collective was founded in 2000. Activities In 2004, the Rhizome Collective received a 200,000 grant from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency to convert an abandoned lot in Montopolis , Austin, into an educational park. The Rhizome Collective operates out of three warehouses on Allen Street in East Austin . These warehouses and the convert 1 3 acre ha adj on on which they sit make up the Rhizosphere . In addition to housing the collective, the Rhizosphere is used as a space for the development of urban sustainability practices. The Rhizosphere hosts space for organizations such as Austin Indymedia , the http www.zinewiki.com Austin zine library Austin Zine Library , the Inside Books Project , which ships reading material to prison inmates, Bikes Across Borders , and Food Not Bombs . In 2008, Rhizome released Toolbox For Sustainable Living A Do It Ourselves Guide , which has been described by the authors as a DIY guide for creating locally based, ecologically sustainable communities in today s cities. Eviction On March 5th, 2009, the Rhizome Collective received a letter from the Code Enforcement Division of the City of Austin requiring the warehouse from which they operated since 2000 to be vacated. The Collective ... External links http rhizomecollective.org Rhizome Collective Home Page Anarchism Category Culture of Austin ... organizations in the United States es Rhizome Collective fa ... more details
The Writers Collective was founded in 2000 as The Collective for Professional and Developing Writers ... sources. The Writers Collective is housed on the fourth floor of The University of Winnipeg s main campus. Vision and Mission Statements The Writers Collective aims to help connect the writing community ... established writers of Manitoba. br The Vision Statement of the Writers Collective is Celebrate .... ref name The Writers Collective cite web url http thewriterscollective.org about title The Writers Collective About Us ref The Mission Statement of the Writers Collective is Support, encourage and recognize emerging and established writers in Manitoba. ref name The Writers Collective Products and Services The Writers Collective offers several services for both new and established writers. Some ... Mosionier, and mystery writer Karen Dudley. Contests The Writers Collective has four annual contests that are open to everyone, regardless of membership in The Writers Collective itself. In the fall ... entertainment books writers collective winners honoured 78300457.html title The Winnipeg Free Press Writers Collective Winners Honoured ref Speaking Crow Speaking Crow is Winnipeg s longest running open ... Collective and give both emerging and established writers the opportunity to share their current work ... only open to current members of The Writers Collective. Workshops Facilitated by writing professionals, workshops are hosted by The Writers Collective from September thru May. Various topics have ... writing, children s books, and poetry. The Collective Consciousness The Writers Collective publishes a quarterly journal called The Collective Consciousness . The Collective Consciousness accepts submissions ... and non fiction. Though produced by The Writers Collective, both members and non members of the organization are allowed to submit their work to the journal for a chance to appear in The Collective ... genuine feedback from experienced individuals. All members of The Writers Collective are entitled to their own ... more details
Musical collective is a phrase used to describe a group of musicians in which membership is flexible and creative control is shared. Such entities have transitioned from the traditional hierarchical configuration ... been especially prominent in indie rock and hip hop . A musical collective is distinct from a musicians collective, such as the London Musicians Collective which is an organisation with more general ... the music is credited. In one type, the collective is centred around a record label which releases music by its member bands. Although musicians in the collective collaborate with each other, the resulting albums are always credited to a specific band or artist within the collective, rather than to the collective itself. For example, artists associated with the The Elephant Six Collective Elephant ... was the label , and was never credited as the band name on an associated album. In the other type, the collective ... credited directly to the collective as an entity in its own right, such as Broken Social Scene ... with other members of the collective. Also, almost as an in between, collectives are appearing that have ... The Damnwells The Desert Sessions Diggin in the Crates Crew Doomtree Dufay Collective Dungeon Family Early Day Miners The Elephant 6 Recording Company The Elephant 6 Collective Fence Collective F IRE Collective Godspeed You Black Emperor Grateful Dead The Hidden Cameras Hello Project Henri Faberge ... Antler Collective KMFDM Lansing Dreiden Living Legends Mediterranean scene The Mountain Goats Native Tongues Posse The New Pornographers No Neck Blues Band The Ocean Collective Odd Future Wolf ... Silk Road Project Soulquarians So Solid Crew Streetlight Manifesto Subjective Collective Sunburned ... Friendship Society Wu Tang Clan Undertow Music Un Drame Musical Instantane See also Collective Artist collective Leaderless resistance Collectives often share the anarchic streak associated with such entities ... Collective Souls This Magazine article on musical collectives Category Musical collectives ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 Notability date January 2009 The Oxygen Collective is an anarchist environmentalist collective that uses non violent direct action in order to prevent logging . The Oxygen Collective is based in Oregon , the United States . See also Portal box Sustainable development Environment Ecology Earth sciences Energy Sustainability Biodiversity Global warming Ecology Earth Science Natural environment Please Keep This Space For Formatting Purposes. Thank You. blank line space for formatting purposes External links http www.o2collective.org the group s website DEFAULTSORT Oxygen Collective Category Environmental organizations based in the United States poli org stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A collective belief is referred to when people speak of what we believe when this is not simply elliptical for what we all believe. sociology Sociologist mile Durkheim wrote of collective beliefs and proposed that they, like all social fact s , inhered in social Group sociology groups as opposed to individual persons. Durkheim s discussion of collective belief, though suggestive, is relatively obscure. philosophy Philosopher Margaret Gilbert has offered a related account in terms of the joint commitment of a number of persons to accept a certain belief as a body. According to this account, individuals who together collectively believe something need not personally believe it themselves. Gilbert s work on the topic has stimulated a developing literature among philosophers. One question that has arisen is whether and how philosophical accounts of belief in general need to be sensitive to the possibility of collective belief. See also Collective behavior DEFAULTSORT Collective Belief Category Belief Philosophy stub Sociology stub There must also be thought given to the idea of collective belief as being a method for a group to come together in a common belief to make things happen that were previously thought impossible unimaginable. ... more details
A collective agreement or collective bargaining agreement CBA is an agreement between employers and employees which regulates the terms and conditions of employees in their workplace, their duties and the duties of the employer. It is usually the result of a process of collective bargaining between an employer or a number of employers and a trade union representing workers. Germany See also German labour law Expand section date April 2010 United Kingdom See also UK labour law TULRCA 1992 In the United Kingdom, collective agreements are conclusively deemed to be not legally binding under the Trade Union and Labour Relations Consolidation Act 1992 section 179. This presumption may be rebutted when the agreement is in writing and contains an explicit provision asserting that it should be legally enforceable. This reflects the tradition in British industrial relations policy of legal abstentionism from workplace disputes. United States See also US labor law NLRA Expand section date April 2010 See also Labour law Labour economics NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement , an agreement in the National Basketball Association NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement , an agreement in the National Hockey League Notes reflist 2 DEFAULTSORT Collective Agreement Category Labour law de Tarifvertrag da Overenskomst es convenio colectivo fa ... more details
Cleanup date August 2010 The term collective landscape was introduced to landscape design and landscape planning by Geoffrey Jellicoe Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe . He wrote, on the dust jacket of The landscape of man , that The world is moving into a phase when landscape design may well be recognized as the most comprehensive of the arts. Man creates around him an environment that is a projection into nature of his abstract ideas. It is only in the present century that the collective landscape has emerged as a social necessity. We are promoting a landscape art on a scale never conceived of in history. Definitions It appears that the term was inspired by Carl Jung s use of the term collective unconscious . Jellicoe admired Jung, but the use of collective landscape in the above quotation has something in common with its use in collectivism . Unlike the terms public park and national park , the term collective landscape is a psychological construct and an abstract concept. Collective landscape is therefore best understood as a landscape which exists in the collective unconscious like other public good s, does not belong to any individual Contemporary applications In American contemporary landscape architecture the term collective landscape is used to mean landscape which matters to the community as in the following quotation from the Smokey Mountain News for the week of 10 12 05 The struggle to preserve a collective landscape heritage has been fought and won by the Cherokee once in the past, but is now at risk again. References Geoffrey and Susan Jellicoe, The landscape of man shaping the environment from prehistory to the present day London Thames and Hudson, 1975 See also Geoffrey Jellicoe Landscape architecture Landscape design Landscape planning DEFAULTSORT Collective Landscape Category Landscape Category Landscape architecture Category Landscape design history ... more details
UFO Collective Seminal South African Rave organization established in Cape Town in 1990 by Carl Mason and Jesse Stagg . Key members of the collective were UK artist Nik Jevons, Massimo Loi, Jerome Wagner, DJ Will Hutton aka DJ Will Travel and UK DJ Chris Powell. UFO collective was responsible for staging the first African rave the World Peace Party in 1991 and conceiving Africa s first dedicated House Music club Eden . UFO Collective s offshoot design group was the Paint Possee. Specializing in a number of interior design projects, murals and other public arts projects, the Paint Possee had a vivid post modern psychedelic style based heavily on ancient Maya civilization Mayan artwork. The number of e s at the end of the word Posse signed in a mural or artwork, indicated the amount of artists in this loose arts collective at any given time. Category South African electronic music groups ... more details
7535 music interview diy venue spotlight the lollybot collective ref The collective was founded ... for Creative Studies in Detroit. Key Members There is no set membership in the collective, artists participate in the collective s shows on a revolving door basis. Yet there are many key members who have participated with the collective since its conception and are main supporters. Adam Ziskie br Ebenezer ... by The Lollybot Collective at various Detroit Art Galleries ACCIDENTAL SHOW October 27, 2007 ... list. References Reflist External links http www.lollybotcollective.com Lollybot Collective website http www.lollybot.blogspot.com Lollybot Collective blog Category Artist collectives Category American ... more details
Multiple issues notability April 2011 unreferenced April 2011 Workingman Collective founded 2005 is a collaborative group of artists and other professionals whose membership, goals and missions change with each project. Workingman Collective is interested in process, invention, chance, and the public. Workingman Collective is based in the Washington, DC area and has created public Installation art installations and projects in Washington DC , Virginia, Maryland, Montana, North Carolina, New York City, and Haiti . Projects In 2006 Workingman Collective created Five Mile Line a temporary, performance site responsive public work consisting of a five mile long chalk line draw through the city of Butte, Montana . In 2008 Workingman Collective in partnership with the Shenandoah and Potomac Garden Railway Club presented Synchrony, at the Delaplaine Visual Art Center, Fredrick, MD. In response to a series of meetings with people from Tenants and Workers United, a prototype for a mobile community center was built as the project Building a Mobile Community Center, 2009 in Falls Church, VA in collaboration with representatives of the Day Workers of Culmore in Falls Church, The Working Man Collective, and the Floating Lab Collective. In 2011 Workingman Collective exhibited Prospects and Provisions at Hemphill Fine Arts , Washington DC. The exhibition installation included an original backpack designed and patented by Trapper Lloyd F. Nelson in 1924 U.S. patent 1,505,661 . The backpack served as the launching point for Workingman Collective s creation of a variety of provisions for the modern ... with the public. 2011, February and July, Workingman Collective worked in Haiti with the http www.internationaldisastercenter.com International Center for Disaster Resilience . Workingman Collective worked ... workingman collective Reeve, Anne, Workingman Collective, Art In America, November, 2011 DEFAULTSORT Workingman Collective Category Organizations based in Washington, D.C. Category Artist collectives ... more details
unreferenced date June 2009 A collective trauma is a traumatic psychological effect shared by a group of people of any size, up to and including an entire society. Traumatic events witnessed by an entire society can stir up collective sentiment, often resulting in a shift in that society s culture and mass actions. Well known collective traumas include The John F. Kennedy assassination in the United States , the Estonia disaster in Sweden, the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States and various others. Collective traumas have been shown to play a key role in group identity formation see Gestalt psychology Law of Common Fate . During World War II , a US submarine, the USS Puffer SS 268 , came under several hours of depth charge attack by a Japanese surface vessel until the ship became convinced the submarine had somehow escaped. Psychological studies later showed that crewmen transferred to the submarine after the event were never accepted as part of the team . Later, US naval policy was changed so that after events of such psychological trauma, the crew would be dispersed to new assignments. Examples of contemporary collective traumas include 9 11 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake Hurricane Katrina Rape during the occupation of Germany References reflist DEFAULTSORT Collective Trauma Category Social psychology ... more details
Collective consciousness Ambiguity about the definition of collective identity may be reduced by distinguishing collective identities from collective consciousness es. While in the case of a collective identity psychological activity occurs at the level of the individual, a collective consciousness ... which possesses its own psychological characteristics and Agency philosophy agency . Collective ... the idea of collective consciousnesses include Borg Star Trek The Borg House Ordos The Executrix Council The Executrix Council Evolutionary function of collective identity and the means of reaching it Joseph Jordania suggested that in human evolution ary history collective identity was crucial for the physical ... of neuro chemicals , in order to reach the state of collective identity. In this state the needs for the group ... and Autonomy Glossary Entry http repositories.cdlib.org csd 01 07 Collective Identity and Expressive ... www.findarticles.com p articles mi hb3518 is 200212 ai n8309369 Perception of the minority s collective ... faculty marcuse present 972ident.htm Collective memory and collective identity in German war prisoner ... more details
Collective depression is one of many collective mental state s, such as collective elation, collective paranoia, collective trauma , or collective grief, which may affect a group, community or whole nation. It is characterised by a prevailing and seemingly permanent sense of inadequacy, despondency, lack of vitality, sadness and hopelessness, shared by a high proportion of the members of a collectivity. As shown by Gustave Le Bon in 1895, it can be passed by contagion, in a way similar to a physical condition. Collective depression is often found in detained communities, such as ghettos, concentration camps or other places where all prospects of release are extremely improbable, and is recognisable by a high incidence of suicide. There is debate over the philosophical status of the concept while Sigmund Freud , Carl Jung , Franz Borkenau and many others accepted the existence of a collective mind or collective unconscious, much modern thinking treats collective depression as an aggregate of individuals depressions. However, there is growing interest in the concept of mass sociogenic illness where a physical or psychological condition is observed to spread within a group without a common organic cause. The remedy for collective depression is the restoration of hope, though this may be a task beyond the capabilities of any leader of a community. Collective depression can also be a state of considerable vulnerability, as destructive strategies may be clutched at through misplaced belief in the efficacy of radical measures. References Bartholomew, Robert E. Simon Wessely 2002 . Protean nature of mass sociogenic illness . The British Journal of Psychiatry 180 4 300 306. doi 10.1192 bjp.180.4.300. PMID 11925351. http bjp.rcpsych.org content 180 4 300 Retrieved 2011 9 23. Borkenau, Franz, 1981. End and Beginning, On the Generations of Cultures and the Origins of the West. ed ... Collective Depression Its Nature, Causation and Alleviation . In Bernie Warren, Ed., Suffering the slings ... more details
Collective dose is a measure of the total amount of Effective dose radiation safety effective dose multiplied by the size of the exposed population. Collective dose is usually measured in units of person R ntgen equivalent man rem or person sievert s, or man rem or man sievert. References Reflist http www.euronuclear.org info encyclopedia collectivedose.htm European Nuclear Society Glossary http www.hps.org publicinformation ate q525.html Health Physics Society See also Radioactivity Radiation poisoning Ionizing radiation Total effective dose equivalent Deep dose equivalent Cumulative dose Committed dose equivalent Committed effective dose equivalent Radiation Category Radioactivity Category Radiation health effects nuclear stub fr Dose collective ja zh ... more details
distinguish Collective guilt For the British Parliamentary discipline Cabinet collective responsibility for other types of responsibility Responsibility disambiguation Unreferenced date September 2009 Collective responsibility is a concept or doctrine, according to which individuals are to be held responsible for other people s actions by tolerating, ignoring, or harboring them, without actively collaborating in these actions. In religion see also Corporate personality This concept is found in the Old Testament or Tanakh , some examples include the account of the Noah s Ark Flood , the Tower of Babel , Sodom and Gomorrah and in some interpretations, the Book of Joshua s Achan . In those records entire communities were punished on the act of the vast majority of their members, however it is impossible .... The practice of blaming the Jews for Jesus death is the longest example of collective responsibility ... Religions. Collective punishment main collective punishment Collective responsibility in the form of collective .... Collective punishment is also practiced in situation of war, economic sanctions , etc., presupposing the existence of collective guilt . Collective guilt, or guilt by association, is the controversial ... of governments and citizens, the term collective responsibility is beginning to be more widely used. Collective responsibility is widely applied in corporations, where the entire workforce is held .... Collective punishment , even including measures that actually further harm the prospect of achieving ... ignored as it is not measurable on balance sheets. In culture The concept of collective responsibility ... Bad Boys 1983 film Bad Boys depict collective responsibility and punishment. See also Collective punishment ... laysource laysummary laydate quote ref separator postscript External links sep entry collective responsibility Collective Responsibility DEFAULTSORT Collective Responsibility Category Political theories Category Collective punishment Category Religious belief and doctrine kk ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Nortec Collective image Nortec Collective05.jpg ... , Tijuana Makes Me Happy website http www.myspace.com nortec Nortec Collective current members ... Man Nortec Collective is a musical ensemble formed by various individual one or two man production ... Pictures, that released their first album Tijuana Session Volume 1 under the name Nortec Collective ... Man and Terrestre. The latter 2 would leave Nortec Collective in 2002. Nortec Collective s second ... Latin Grammy awards in 2006. In 2008, Nortec Collective ceased to function as a proper collective, with the various individual projects performing and recording separately. According to the Collective s Myspace page, For the time being, Nortec Collective has decided to release music separately ... and Until further notice, there will be not be any bookings for Nortec, Nortec Collective or Colectivo ... The Nortec Collective has borrowed several elements of Banda music sub culture and have used them both ... 1999, the Nortec Collective musicians have toured throughout the United States, Mexico, Europe ..., Mexico and Europe in 2004. In 2005, Nortec Collective released their most acclaimed work to date ... Collective Presents Bostich Fussible Tijuana Sound Machine was released digitally on April 29, 2008 ... 14, 2010 on Nacional Records . Recognitions Nortec Collective s album Tijuana Sessions, Vol ... 1999 Nortec Collective The Spaced TJ Dub EP 1999 Bostich Fussible Nortec 2001 The Tijuana Sessions Vol ... Sessions Vol. 3 26 July 2005 Nortec Collective Presents Bostich Fussible Tijuana Sound Machine 29 April 2008 Nortec Collective Presents Clorofila Corridos Urbanos 13 April 2010 Nortec Collective Presents Bostich Fussible Bulevar 2000 14 September 2010 Nortec Collective Hiperboreal Border Revolver ... cite press release title Nortec Collective Nominated for Two Latin Grammy Awards publisher Nacional ... web url http www.milrecords.com main.htm title Nortec Collective Official Website accessdate 2007 ... more details
psychoanalysis Collective unconscious is a term of analytical psychology , coined by Carl Jung . It is proposed to be a part of the unconscious mind , expressed in Humankind humanity and all life forms .... Jung distinguished the collective unconscious from the personal unconscious , in that the personal unconscious is a personal reservoir of experience unique to each individual, while the collective ... psychic system of a collective, universal, and impersonal nature which is identical in all individuals. This collective unconscious does not develop individually but is inherited. It consists of pre ... give definite form to certain psychic contents. . ref C. G. Jung, The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious London 1996 p. 43 ref Jung linked the collective unconscious to what Freud called ..., Man and his Symbols London 1978 p. 57 ref Archetypes and collective representations Jung considered ... to the collective unconscious by contrast, the collective unconscious is personified as a Wise Old ... of this category of the unconscious psyche as being similar to Levy Bruhl s use of collective ... interpretation of what would then appear as Jung s much misunderstood idea of the collective ... London 1975 p. 433 ref Thus one could as easily speak of the collective arm meaning the basic pattern ... out however that there does seem to be a basic ambiguity in Jung s various descriptions of the Collective ... Companion to the Mind Oxford 1987 p. 405 ref as with the collective arm. However, Jung was also at pains ... the hypothesis of the collective unconscious historically and regressively with the ancient idea ... to suggest that the human mind could link to ideas and motivations called the collective unconscious .... 10 ref See also Columns list 3 Collective consciousness sociology Depth psychology Evolutionary psychology ..., Skeptical Inquirer, 18 4 . Summer 1994. Jung, Carl. 1959 . Archetypes and the Collective ... Forum. All levels of discourse welcomed. DEFAULTSORT Collective Unconscious Category Crowd psychology ... more details
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