saved book title Color subtitle cover image HLSColorSpace.png cover color black Color Color Color Theory Color space Color theory Additive color Subtractive color Mixing Color Color mixing Primary color Colorfulness Dichromatism Hue Tints and shades Lightness color Lightness Perception of Color Opponent process Impossible colors Color vision Visual perception Visual Color List of colors Web colors Category Wikipedia books books without categories ... more details
Aisha Garifovna Galimbaeva born December 29, 1917 in Issyk, Almaty Province is a Kazakhstan Kazakhstani painter. The first artist in Kazakhstan to be recognised professionally, she was a National Artist of Kazakh SSR . ref http oyu.kz en authors galimbayeva a.html Oyo Art Gallery ref She graduated from Almaty Art School in 1943 and worked at the Union State Cinematography Institute in Moscow. Her artwork was noted for its colorfulness and joyfulness. References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Galimbaeva, Aisha ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH December 29, 1917 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Galimbaeva, Aisha Category Kazakhstani painters Category 1917 births Category Living people Kazakhstan painter stub ... more details
Orphan date July 2011 Wiktionary blee Blee may refer to Chromatics Color Colorfulness Hue Complexion Form Visual Appearance Shape Configuration geometry A surname Deborah Blee Deborah Blee a.k.a. Debra Blee , an American actress Francis J. Blee Francis J. Blee a.k.a. Francis J. Frank Blee , an American Republican Party politician Kathleen M. Blee , a professor of sociology at the University of Pittsburgh Robert Blee , the mayor of Cleveland, Ohio from 1893 to 1894 Place Blee, a former village, now part of Monheim am Rhein Category Color ... more details
wiktionarypar purity Purity is the absence of impurity or contaminants in a substance. The term also applies to the absence of vice in human character. Purity may also refer to Purity gas , an indication of the amount of other gases in a particular gas Purity quantum mechanics , a measure of correlation between a system and its environment Purity , a song by Slipknot on their debut Slipknot album self titled album Purity in Buddhism , a spiritual purity of character or essence Purity Dairies , a dairy company in Nashville, Tennessee, United States Purity Factories , a food processing company in St. John s, Newfoundland, Canada Purity Distilling Company , an alcohol manufacturer involved in the Boston Molasses Disaster in the United States Black oil also known as Purity , a fictional alien virus in the TV series The X Files Purity, a former supermarket brand owned by Woolworths Limited Purity, the colorfulness of a light source See also lookfrom intitle Blood purity disambiguation Pure disambiguation disambig ar de Reinigung es Pureza fr Puret it Purezza he th ... more details
wiktionary chroma Chroma , the Greek word for color , may refer to Colorfulness or chroma, the perceived intensity of a specific color Chrominance or chroma, one of the two components of a television signal Chroma, a measure of color purity in the Munsell color system Chroma Munsell color system Chroma ATE , a Taiwanese electronics company In art and entertainment Chroma album Chroma album , an album by Cartel Chroma ballet Chroma ballet , a ballet by Wayne McGregor Chroma comics , a fictional character in the DC Comics universe Chroma software , a media player for the Mac OS X platform Chroma Is Color Chroma mobile software , a series of color and design software for mobile devices , including the IOS Apple iOS platform Chroma A Queer Literary Journal , a UK based journal ARP Chroma or Rhodes Chroma, a polyphonic synthesizer Chroma, in music theory, a quality of a pitch class Chroma , a novel by Frederick Barthelme Chroma , a book by Derek Jarman Chroma, a fictional supernatural force in the video game Fahrenheit video game Fahrenheit Chroma, a profession in the video game Phantom Brave Chroma, a fictional character in the children s novel The Phantom Tollbooth , by Norton Juster Chroma, a contemporary composition by Rebecca Saunders See also Lookfrom Chroma Disambig ko ja ... more details
For the album by Tony MacAlpine Chromaticity album Image PlanckianLocus.png right thumb 250px The CIE 1931 x,y chromaticity space, also showing the chromaticities of black body light sources of various temperatures, and lines of constant Color temperature Correlated color temperature correlated color temperature Chromaticity is an objective specification of the quality of a color regardless of its luminance , that is, as determined by its hue and colorfulness or saturation, chroma, intensity, or excitation purity . ref cite book title Progress in Optics author Emil Wolf publisher North Holland Pub. Co year 1961 url http books.google.com books?id 5n7yXmBusL0C&q chromaticity hue purity&dq chromaticity hue purity&pgis 1 ref ref cite book title The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography author Leslie D. Stroebel, Richard D. Zakia publisher Focal Press year 1993 isbn 0 240 51417 3 url http books.google.com books?id CU7 2ZLGFpYC&pg PA124&dq chromaticity hue saturation chroma colorfulness purity ref In color science, the white point of an illuminant or of a display is a neutral reference characterized by a chromaticity for example, the white point of an sRGB display is an x,y chromaticity of 0.3127,0.3290 . All other chromaticities may be defined in relation to this reference using polar coordinates . The hue is the angular component, and the purity is the radial component, normalized by the maximum radius for that hue. In color science Purity is roughly equivalent to the term saturation color theory saturation in the HSV color space HSV color model . The property hue is as used in general color theory and in specific color model s such as HSV color space HSV or HSL color space HSL , though it is more perceptually uniform in color models such as Munsell , CIELAB or CIECAM02 . Some color space s separate the three dimensions of color into one luminance relative luminance dimension and a pair of chromaticity dimensions. For example, the chromaticity coordinates are a and b in CIE ... more details
Image Sin1perz.png thumb 270px Color wheel graph of complex function math sin 1 z math according to the first definition . Black parts inside refer to numbers having large absolute values. This function has an essential singularity at math z 0 math . In mathematics , a complex function is a Function mathematics function with the complex number s see the imaginary numbers and the complex plane as both its Domain of a function domain and codomain . The complex color wheel method assigns a color to the Carl Friedrich Gauss Gauss number plane unequivocally. The assignment could be diverse, but usually one of the following two the Origin mathematics origin is white, 1 is red, &minus 1 is cyan , and a point at the infinity is black, or the origin is black, 1 is red, &minus 1 is cyan, and a point at the infinity is white. More precisely, the argument of the complex number defines the hue value while the modulus defines the light value of the color in the HSL and HSV HLS hue , lightness , Colorfulness saturation color model for a given H,L pair we choose the maximal saturation value. In both assignments, vivid colors of the rainbow are rotating in a continuous way on the complex unit circle, so the 6th Root of unity roots of unity counted from the 0th, the 1 are red, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and violet. In addition, it is common in the assignments that the gradiations of colors belonging to two complex numbers close to each other are close to each other, and that colors of complex numbers of the same Argument complex analysis argument are gradiations of the same color &ndash the one which has greater absolute value is darker according to the first definition or lighter according to the second definition . History The color wheel method was probably first used in publication by Larry Crone in 1987 . Citation needed date March 2011 Other references http wmi.math.u szeged.hu kovzol rtzme doku.php?id color wheel method Color wheel method http w.american.edu cas mathstat lcron ... more details
version of CIELUV is known as CIE LCh sub uv sub , where C sub uv sub is the colorfulness chroma ... for CIELAB. See Colorfulness Saturation Colorfulness for more discussion on saturation. Color and hue ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Rama and Hanuman fighting Ravana, an album painting on paper, c1820.jpg right 250px thumb Rama and Hanuman fighting Ravana , small an album painting on paper from Tamil Nadu, ca 1820. small Ramavataram Tamil language , popularly referred to as Kamba Ramayanam , is a Tamil language Tamil Tamil mythology epic that was written by Kambar Kamban during the 12th century. Based on Valmiki s Ramayana in Sanskrit , the story describes the life of King Rama of Ayodhya . However, Ramavatharam is different from the Sanksrit original in many aspects both in spiritual concepts and in the specifics of the story line. This historic work is considered by Tamil scholars as well as the general public as one of the greatest literary works in Tamil literature. Kamban wrote this epic with the patronage of Vallal Sadaiyappar Thiruvennai Nallur Sadayappa Vallal , a Pannai kula chieftain . In gratitude to his patron, Kamban references his name once in every 1000 verses. The epic is quite well known, both in the Tamil language Tamil literary world and in the Hindu spiritual world, for the colorfulness of its poetry and for its religious value. Structure The book is divided into six chapters, called Kandam in Tamil language Tamil . Bala Kandam Chapter Childhood Ayodhya Kandam Chapter Ayodhya Aranya Kandam Chapter Forest Kishkinta Kandam Chapter Kishkintha Sundara Kandam Chapter Beautiful Yutha Kandam Chapter War The Kandams are further divided into 123 sections called Padalam in Tamil. These 123 sections contains approximately 12,000 Verse poetry verses of the epic. Compilation As with many historic compilations, it was very difficult to discard the interpolations and addendum which have been added over a period of time to the original. This task was taken up a committee of scholars headed by T P Meenakshi Su ... more details
Refimprove date December 2006 Image GTK color chooser.png thumb A screenshot of the GTK color picker. Image Qt color chooser.png thumb A screenshot of the Qt toolkit Qt color picker. A color tool , color picker , or color chooser is a utility, usually found within graphics software or online, used to choose colors or create color scheme s. Many such tools exist on the world wide web which include features such as a color harmonization interface, a color picker, RGB color model RGB and HSL and HSV HSL conversion and manipulation, a collection of saved color scheme schemes , and other similar characteristics. Designers, developers, and other professionals that work with other types of screen or print media use these tools in their work. Purpose A color tool is used to preview and test color values. In graphic design and graphics software image editing , users typically choose colors via an interface with a visual representation of a color often organized with quasi perceptually relevant hue , lightness color lightness , and colorfulness saturation dimensions instead of keying in alphanumeric text values. Because color appearance depends on comparison of neighboring colors see color vision , many interfaces attempt to clarify the relationships between colors. Interface Color tools can vary in their interface. Some may use sliders, buttons, text boxes for color values, or direct manipulation interface direct manipulation . Often a two dimensional square is used to create a range of color values such as lightness and saturation that can be clicked on or selected in some other manner. Drag and drop, color droppers, and various other forms of interfaces are commonly used as well. Each color is represented as a unique number. In many cases it is a hexadecimal 32 bit number e. g. FF0000 represents pure red in HTML and is also used in many graphic editors . In case of an external color tool, the number of the chosen color is copied to the clipboard and pasted to an applicatio ... more details
The Rock , Op. 7 or The Crag lang ru Utyos is a Fantasia music fantasia or symphonic poem for orchestra written by Sergei Rachmaninoff in the summer of 1893. It is dedicated to Nikolai Rimsky Korsakov . Inspiration As an epigraph for the composition, Rachmaninoff chose a couplet from a poem by Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov blockquote The golden cloud slept through the night br Upon the breast of the giant rock br blockquote He later admitted, however, to a second musical programme, drawn from a story by Anton Chekhov titled Along the Way , in which a young girl meets an older man during a stormy, overnight stop at a roadside inn on Christmas Eve. The man shares with her the story of his life, beliefs, and past failures, as a blizzard rages on through the night. ref name bert58 Bertensson and Leyda, Sergei Rachmaninoff A Lifetime in Music , Indiana University Press, 58 62. ref History Rachmaninoff highly respected the older and accomplished composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky , and in a meeting between the two at the home of Rachmaninoff s former teacher Sergei Taneyev , the younger composer was given the opportunity to perform his just completed piece at the piano. The Rock had a positive effect on Tchaikovsky, who had been discontented with an earlier performance of a four hand piano arrangement of his latest symphony Symphony No. 6 Tchaikovsky the sixth by another young composer, Lev Conus . The composer Mikhail Ippolitov Ivanov recounted the event cquote At the close of the evening Rachmaninoff acquainted us with the newly completed symphonic poem, The Crag . ... The poem pleased all very much, especially Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky , who was enthusiastic over its colorfulness. The performance of The Crag and our discussion of it must have diverted Pyotr Ilyich, for his former good hearted mood came back to him. ref name bert58 Tchaikovsky asked to be allowed to include The Rock in the program of a forthcoming European concert tour. This was never realized, howe ... more details
Tint redirects here. For other uses, see tint disambiguation Image tint tone shade.svg thumb right Image Kleurenovergang van zwart naar blauw.png right thumb Some shades of blue In color theory , a tint is the mixture of a color with white , which increases lightness color lightness , and a shade is the mixture of a color with black , which reduces lightness. Mixing a color with any neutral color , including black and white, reduces the chroma, or colorfulness , while the hue remains unchanged. When mixing colored light additive color models , the achromatic mixture of spectrally balanced red, green and blue RGB is always white, not gray or black. When we mix colorants, such as the pigment s in paint mixtures, a color is produced which is always darker and lower in chroma, or saturation, than the parent colors. This moves the mixed color toward a neutral color&mdash a gray or near black. Lights are made brighter or dimmer by adjusting their brightness, or energy level in painting, lightness is adjusted through mixture with white, black or a color s complement. It is common among some art artistic painters to darken a paint color by adding black paint&mdash producing colors called shades &mdash or to lighten a color by adding white&mdash producing colors called tints . However, this is not always the best way for representational painting, since an unfortunate result is for colors to also shift in their hues. For instance, darkening a color by adding black can cause colors such as yellows, reds and oranges, to shift toward the greenish or bluish part of the spectrum. Lightening a color by adding white can cause a shift towards blue when mixed with reds and oranges. Another practice when darkening a color is to use its opposite, or complementary, color e.g. violet red added to yellowish green in order to neutralize it without a shift in hue, and darken it if the additive color is darker than the parent color. When lightening a color this hue shift can be corrected wit ... more details
File 1991 CPA 6357.jpg thumb A berikaoba scene on a Soviet Union Soviet stamp from 1991 Berikaoba lang ka is an improvised masquerade ceremony masqueraded folk theatre in Georgia country Georgia , stemming from the paganism pagan festivity of fertility and rebirth. ref Burney, Charles Allen & David Marshall Lang Lang, David Marshall 1972 , The Peoples of the Hills Ancient Ararat and Caucasus , p. 224. Praeger ref The name is derived from a Common Kartvelian root linguistics root ber , meaning a child . The scenes of Berikaoba range from those of explicitly eroticism erotic nature to political satire and social protest. ref name Georgia Today Strelkova, Ruso. Georgia s pagan carnivals cherish fertility . Georgia Today . April 4, 2008. Retrieved on March 25, 2011 from http georgiandaily.com index.php?option com content&task view&id 774&Itemid 134 Georgian Daily ref ref Rice, Timothy Porter, James & Goertzen, Chris 2000 , The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Europe , vol. 8, p. 834. Garland Publishing, ISBN 0824060342 ref Berikaoba typically involves several men, the berika, who are mostly disguised as animals. The costumes and masks for the mystery play mystery are made of animal hide. Animal skulls, tails, feathers, horns, pumpkins, ribbons and bells are used to add colorfulness to the scene. The festivity begins with a gathering of villagers who chose actors for the mystery. The procession of berikas accompanied by sounds of bagpipes gudastviri stviri move door to door to pick wine, honey, floor, meat and other victuals served by hosts. The main characters in the procession are a bride called Kekela and a groom who, after a series of attempts, persuades Kekela to marry her. The wedding is then disrupted by an appearance of a Tatars Tatar , a reference to the centuries of invasions from neighboring Muslim powers. The groom is killed and the people console Kekela, promising her a better husband. As berikas try to resuscitate the groom with help ... more details
Orphan date November 2011 Visual hierarchy is the order in which the human eye perceives what it sees. This order is created by the visual Contrast vision contrast between forms in a field of perception. Objects with highest contrast to their surroundings are recognized first by the human mind. The term visual hierarchy is used most frequently in the discourse of the visual arts fields, notably so within the field of graphic design . Theory The concept of visual hierarchy is based in Gestalt psychology Gestalt psychological theory , an early 20th century German theory that proposes that the human brain has innate organizing tendencies that structure individual elements, shapes or forms into a coherent, organized whole. ref Jackson, Ian. Gestalt A Learning Theory for Graphic Design Education. International Journal of Art and Design Education . Volume 27. Issue 1 2008 63 69. Digital. ref The German word Gestalt translates into form, pattern, or shape in English. ref Pettersson, Rune. Information Design Principles and Guidelines. Journal of Visual Literacy . Volume 29. Issue 2 2010 167 182. Digital. ref When an element in a visual field disconnects from the whole created by the brain s perceptual organization, it stands out to the viewer. The shapes that disconnect most severely from their surroundings stand out the most. Physical Characteristics The brain disassociates objects from one another based upon the differences between their physical characteristics. These characteristics fall into four categories color, size, alignment, and character. The category of color encompasses the hue , Colorfulness saturation , Lightness color value , and perceived Texture visual arts texture of forms. Size describes the surface area of a form. Alignment is the arrangement of forms with respect to their direction, orientation, or pattern. ref Feldsted, CJ. Design Fundamentals . New York Pittman Publishing Corporation, 1950. ref Character is the Rectilinear polygon rectilinearity and ... more details
no footnotes date February 2011 File Line of purples.png thumb right 200px The line of purples circled on the CIE chromaticity diagram In color theory , the line of purples or the purple boundary is the locus of non spectral color s on the edge of the chromaticity diagram between red and violet color violet . Like spectral colors, purple s can be considered fully Colorfulness saturated in the sense that for any given point on the line of purples there exists no color more saturated than it. But there is no monochromatic light source able to generate a purple color. Instead, every color on the line of purples is produced by mixing a unique ratio of extreme red and extreme violet which, as being consistently more reddish than the bluish violet color violet , may be considered purple anyway ref citation title Spectra software url http spectra.at.tut.by en page4.html accessdate 2010 12 30 ref verification needed date February 2011 see Bezold Br cke shift clarify date February 2011 . Unlike spectral colors which may be implemented, for example, by nearly monochromatic light of laser , with precision much finer than MacAdam ellipse human chromaticity resolution , colors on the line of purples are more difficult to implement practically. Cones sensitivity to both of extreme spectral colors is quite low see luminosity function , so commonly observed purple colors do not achieve maximal saturation. Purple colors with high saturation include crimson , Amaranth color amaranth , Raspberry color raspberry , Ruby color ruby , Rose color rose , and magenta , as well as purple itself ordering from red to violet or? . Some of the brighter tones of pink tending towards rose and magenta such as Variations of pink Hot pink hot pink , Variations of pink Deep pink deep pink , and Variations of pink Shocking pink shocking pink are also regarded as purple colors in color theory. See also Monochrome Theory Monochrome theory , on pure monochromaticity. Purple Purple versus violet Purple vers ... more details
Other uses Glaze disambiguation Glazes can change the colorfulness chroma , Lightness color value , hue and texture of a surface. Drying time will depend on the amount and type of paint medium used in the glaze. The medium, base, or vehicle is the mixture to which the dry pigment is added. Different media can increase or decrease the rate at which oil paints dry. Often, because a paint is too opaque, painters will add special media or a lot of medium to the paint to make them more transparent for the purposes of glazing. While these media are usually liquids there are solid and semi solid media used in the making of paints as well. For example, many classical oil painters have also been known to use ground glass and semi solid resins to increase the translucency of their paint. Oil painting In oil painting, the simplest form of a glaze is a thin, oily, transparent layer of paint spread over the top of an opaque passage that has been given some time to dry. Light travels through the glaze and is reflected back off of the opaque layer below. This can cause a glowing effect similar to looking at a brightly lit white wall behind a film of colored cellophane. The thin oily layers of a glaze can facilitate the rendering of details that would be more difficult with opaque paints e.g. the complexities of skin tones. When multiple layers of glazes are used, the colors in all visible layers can appear combined. However, the pigments are not physically mixed, since the paint is left to dry before each successive glaze is applied. The artist may apply several layers of paint with increasing amounts of oil added to each successive layer. This process of applying the fat layers more oil in the painter s medium over the lean layers less oil can minimize cracking this is the fat over lean principle. Many painters juxtapose glazes and opaque, thick or textured types of paint application that appear to push forward as a means to increase surface variety, which some painters feel increases ... more details
Main Orange color Image Orange by David Shankbone.jpg thumb right An orange light shows variations of the color orange. infobox color title Orange pic Image Color icon orange v2.svg wavelength 585 620 hex FF7F00 r 255 g 127 b 0 c 0 m 50 y 100 k 0 h 30 s 100 v 100 spelling Color source http tx4.us moacolor.htm HTML Color Chart 30 Varieties of the color Orange colour orange may differ in hue , colorfulness chroma also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness or lightness or value, tone, or brightness , or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades , a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or Cadmium pigments cadmium families. Orange color wheel infobox color title Orange color wheel hex FF7F00 r 255 g 127 b 0 c 0 m 50 y 100 k 0 h 30 s 100 v 100 spelling Color source http tx4.us moacolor.htm HTML Color Chart 30 At right is the color orange , also known as color wheel orange . This is the tone of orange that is a pure Colorfulness chroma on the HSV color space HSV color wheel , the expression of which is known as the File RBG color wheel.svg RGB color wheel , exactly halfway between red and yellow . Variations of orange Papaya whip infobox color title Papaya Whip hex FFEFD5 r 255 g 239 b 213 c m y k h 40 s 97 v 97 source Web colors X11 color names X11 Displayed at right is the web color papaya whip , a pale tint of orange. Papaya whip is a representation of the color that would result if mashed papaya s were blended with vanilla ice cream , whipped cream , or yogurt . citation needed date October 2011 Melon File Canteloupe and cross section.jpg thumb left 175px A cantaloupe from Australia infobox color title Melon hex FDBCB4 r 253 g 188 b 180 c 0 m 26 y 91 k 1 h 7 s 29 v 99 ref http web.forret.com tools color.asp?RGB 23FDBCB4 web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code o ... more details
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