refimprove date January 2012 The CommunicationsDecencyAct of 1996 CDA was the first notable attempt ... also dogged COPA s successor, the Children s Internet Protection Act CIPA of 2000, the Supreme Court upheld it as constitutional in 2004. Section 230 Main Section 230 of the CommunicationsDecencyAct Section 230 of the CommunicationsDecencyAct was not part of the original United States Senate Senate ... References Reflist External links Wikisource http pdfcast.org pdf the communicationsdecencyact a legislative history Legislative history of the CommunicationsDecencyAct . http www.fcc.gov ... Court Decisions applying Section 230 of the CommunicationsDecencyAct http www.cdt.org speech ... law cs CommunicationsDecencyAct de CommunicationsDecencyAct es CommunicationsDecencyAct ... content. ref Citation last Myers first Ken S. title Wikimmunity Fitting the CommunicationsDecency ... DecencyAct and http www.cybertelecom.org cda samaritan.htm Sec. 230 Good Samaritan Defense http www.eff.org ... indecency provisions of the Act. The Act of Congress Act was Title V of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 ... Act in the Senate by an 84 16 vote on June 14, 1995. As eventually passed by Congress, Title V affected the Internet and online communications in two significant ways. First, it attempted to regulate both indecency when available to children and obscenity in cyberspace . Second, Section 230 of the Act ... indecency and anti obscenity provisions The most controversial portions of the Act were those relating to indecency on the Internet. The relevant sections of the Act were introduced in response to fears ... regulated by the Federal Communications Commission &mdash broadcasting of offensive speech was restricted ... Foundation Act and thus had not been taken into consideration by previous laws. The CDA, which ... the CDA. Court injunction blocked enforcement of the first, the Child Online Protection Act COPA ... Cox R CA and Ron Wyden D OR as the Internet Freedom and Family Empowerment Act and passed ... more details
Section 230 of the CommunicationsDecencyAct of 1996 a common name for Title V of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 is a landmark piece of Internet legislation in the United States, codified at usc 47 ... of the harmful information at issue. History Section 230 of the CommunicationsDecencyAct was not part ... Act of 1996 . http www.citmedialaw.org legal guide immunity online publishers under communicationsdecencyact Citizen Media Law Project s primer on Section 230 http www.cybertelecom.org cda cda up.htm Cybertelecom The CommunicationsDecencyAct Electronic Frontier Foundation http www.eff.org ... DecencyAct Category Computer law Category 1996 in law ... Empowerment Act and passed by a near unanimous vote on the floor. Unlike the more controversial CommunicationsDecencyAct anti indecency provisions which were later ruled unconstitutional, this portion of the Act remains in force, and enhances free speech by making it unnecessary for ISPs ... for customers conduct. The act was passed in part in reaction to the 1995 decision in Stratton ... publisher s, and legally responsible for libel and other torts committed by customers. This act was passed ... was liable for publishing the communications. Dart v. Craigslist, Inc. , 665 F. Supp. 2d 961 N.D. ... . ref The court upheld immunity for Craigslist against Civil Rights Act of 1968 Fair Housing Act claims ... roommate matching service for claims brought under the federal Civil Rights Act of 1968 Fair Housing Act ref http www4.law.cornell.edu uscode 42 3604.html 42 U.S.C. 3604 c . ref and California ... may lack the protections afforded by the Act. European Union http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ LexUriServ.do ... and passive capacity 2 they are not informed of its illegal character, and 3 they act promptly to remove ... Under the Defamation Act 2005 NSW , ref http www.austlii.edu.au au legis nsw consol act da200599 Defamation Act 2005 ref s 32, a defence to defamation is that the defendant neither knew, nor ought reasonably ... more details
The United States Video Game DecencyAct of 2007 USBill 110 H.R. 1531 is a proposed piece of U.S. video game legislation originally introduced into the 109th United States Congress 109th Congress as USBill 109 H.R. 6120 by Congressman Fred Upton on 29 September 2006. ref cite web title Video Game DecencyAct of 2006 Introduced To Senate url http www.gamasutra.com php bin news index.php?story 11070 publisher Gamasutra accessdate 29 September 2006 ref ref Cite web title Michigan Congressman Proposes Video Game Deceny Act publisher GamePolitics.com date 29 September 2006 url http gamepolitics.com 2006 09 29 michigan congressman proposes quotvideo game decency actquot accessdate 3 January 2010 ref The Bill proposed law bill was reintroduced into the 110th United States Congress 110th Congress as H.R. 1531 in March 2007. The aim of the legislation is To prohibit deceptive acts and practices in the content rating and labeling of video games . ref cite web title H. R. 6120 To prohibit deceptive acts and practices in the content rating and labeling of video games. url http frwebgate.access.gpo.gov cgi bin getdoc.cgi?dbname 109 cong bills&docid f h6120ih.txt.pdf publisher Fred Upton accessdate 29 September 2006 ref References references Video game controversy Category 2006 in law Category Censorship in the United States Category Video game censorship Category Video game law Category United States proposed federal legislation videogame culture stub US fed statute stub ... more details
The CommunicationsAct can refer to The CommunicationsAct of 1934 in the United States The CommunicationsAct 2003 in the United Kingdom See also List of short titles disambig ko ... more details
Decency is the quality or state of conforming to social or moral standards of taste and propriety. See also Taste sociology CommunicationsDecencyAct Indecent exposure Sodomy law Norm sociology Grotesque body National Legion of Decency References Reflist External links wiktionary wiktionary decency Category Disambiguation pages de Anstand fr D cence nl Fatsoen ja pt Dec ncia ru simple Decency ... more details
Lead missing date June 2011 The Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 S.193.ENR is an enrolled bill ... Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 date 15 June 2006 accessdate 23 March 2011 ref It was originally proposed in 2004 as the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2004 S. 2056 H.R. 3717 this preliminary ... for violation was adequate enough. With the proposal of the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2004 ... title The Broadcast DecencyAct of 2004 publisher The United States of America Congress .... ref cite web last Ackerman first Gary title Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 url http www.house.gov ... Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 reads as follows blockquote One Hundred Ninth Congress of the United ... States of America in Congress assembled, br br SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 . br br SEC. 2. INCREASE IN PENALTIES FOR OBSCENE, INDECENT, AND PROFANE BROADCASTS. Section 503 b 2 of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 47 U.S.C. 503 b ... pdf BILLS 109s193enr.pdf title The Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 work The Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 publisher The United States of America Congress accessdate 23 March 2011 ref blockquote References reflist DEFAULTSORT Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act Of 2005 Category ... Broadcast Decency Bill Returns.php title Broadcast Decency Bill Returns 2005 01 25 10 32 00 Broadcasting ... news releases 2006 06 20060615 1.html title President Signs the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 date 15 June 2006 publisher Office of the Press Secretary accessdate 23 March ... censorship peaked after the Federal Communications Commission FCC investigated the incident ... publisher Federal Communications Commission accessdate 23 March 2011 ref The range of the FCC s authority ..., br the third day of January, two thousand and six br br An Act br br To increase the penalties for violations ... for any continuing violation shall not exceed a total of 3,000,000 for any single act or failure ... more details
The Communications Satellite Act of 1962 was put into effect in order to deal with the issue of commercialization of space communications. This act was very controversial, and was left very open ended. The act was signed August 31, 1962 by President John F. Kennedy . Goals of the act The act aimed to join ... more efficient communication system. The Act itself would create the Communications Satellite Corporation also known as COMSAT Columbia Encyclopedia . Disagreement with the passing of the act Democratic Party United States Democratic Senator Russell B. Long of Louisiana said of the act, When this bill ..., the act provided a good start towards a global communications system. Section 301 of the Act ... 17, 1967. Here he reported that, the Communications Satellite Act of 1962 has brought mankind to the threshold ... shortly after the passing of the Communications Satellite act of 1962 Gruenwald 1998 . References Harvard Law Review. THE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ACT OF 1962 December 1962 . Vol. 76 Issue 2, p156 168 ... Transmitting Annual Report Under the Communications Satellite Act. March 17, 1967 01 01 2001 . American ... AN 9FVPPLBJ010181 Remarks Upon Signing the Communications Satellite Act. August 31, 1962 01 01 ... to John F. Kennedy, Its purpose is to establish a commercial communications system utilizing ... and understanding. This act would allow the communication industry to share satellite use and information ... Company argued that using space for communications was just a modern representation of the submarine communications cable s currently in use. AT&T proposed joint ownership of all of the communications ... communications this proposition was opposed by other communication companies. The Federal Communications ... the communications satellites. The President was to observe every aspect of the development and operation ... participation. NASA was designated as a technical advisor for the FCC and the communications corporation ... committees established The Act created a board of directors to oversee regulation of the act. There are to be 15 ... more details
The Interception of CommunicationsAct 1985 1985 c. 56 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom . It came into operation as of April 10, 1986. The Act created the offence of unlawfully intercepting communications sent by post or by a public telecommunications system those guilty were liable, on conviction, to a fine or up to two years imprisonment. It provided for a system of warrants to permit legal interception, and laid down cases where interception could be done lawfully, stating that having reasonable grounds to believe that the other party consented to interception was a defence. The Act also established a complaints tribunal which in 2000 was subsumed into the Investigatory Powers Tribunal , and created the post of Interception of Communications Commissioner to review the workings of the Act. It amended parts of the Telecommunications Act 1984 . This Act has since been repealed by schedule 1 of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 . References Whitaker s Almanack for the year 1987 , complete edition, p. 363. J. Whitaker & Sons, London, 1986 http www.swarb.co.uk acts 1985InterceptionCommunicationsAct.shtml Sections of the Interception of CommunicationsAct 1985 as passed Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1985 Category Telecommunications in the United Kingdom statute stub ... more details
The Malicious CommunicationsAct 1988 is a British Act of Parliament that makes it illegal in England and Wales to send or deliver letters or other articles for the purpose of causing distress or anxiety . See also Hate mail External links http www.hmso.gov.uk acts acts1988 Ukpga 19880027 en 1.htm Full text of Malicious CommunicationsAct 1988 c. 27 http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi england lincolnshire 4201775.stm Man jailed over tsunami e mails UK legislation Category Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning England and Wales Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1988 Category Communications in the United Kingdom statute stub ... more details
improve date December 2011 The CommunicationsAct of 1934 is a United States federal law , enacted as Public ... 47 151 et seq. The Act replaced the Federal Radio Commission with the Federal Communications Commission ... last Kennedy first L. J. coauthors Purcell, H.A. title Section 332 of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 ... in a similar way and influenced Congress to pass the CommunicationsAct of 1934. The goal was to have ... be better the FCC claiming that the Homeland Security Act of 2002 did override the Communications ..., 1 December 2006. Accessed 2 March 2011. ref As the law stands today, the 1934 CommunicationsAct prohibits ... Prisons CommunicationsAct sponsored by Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Representative Kevin Bradley the bill attempting to amend the CommunicationsAct of 1934 was left in committee in the House. ref http www.opencongress.org bill 111 h560 show H.R.560 Safe Prisons CommunicationsAct of 2009 ... of a cyber attack. Structure The CommunicationsAct of 1934, as amended, consists of seven major ... Title VI Cable communications added by Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 ref http www.museum.tv eotvsection.php?entrycode uspolicyc U.S. Policy The CommunicationsAct of 1934 , at The Museum of Broadcast ... the CommunicationsAct of 1934 was enacted as law by the U.S. Congress , there was a debate over ... Hatfield of West Virginia offered an amendment to the then proposed CommunicationsAct. Educators ... Wagner amendment died and the CommunicationsAct was passed. The Federal Communications Commission ... Act of 1934 The act established a legal base for regulating wired and wireless communications ... for Revision of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications Issues in 1982. ref cite web last Gilroy first A. A. title Proposals for Revision of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications ..., as the agency for managing the radio spectrum, to the FCC after the CommunicationsAct of 1934. President ... Act of 1996 Telecommunication Act 1996 and CommunicationsAct of 1934 had two major ... more details
Infobox UK legislation short title The Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to make provision to facilitate the use of electronic communications and electronic data storage to make provision about the modification of licences granted under section 7 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 and for connected purposes. statute book chapter 2000 c.7 introduced by territorial extent royal assent 25 May 2000 commencement repeal date amendments related legislation repealing legislation status current and active legislation original text http www.opsi.gov.uk acts acts2000 ukpga 20000007 en 1 activeTextDocId 1471240 legislation history The Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 c.7 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that Regulates the provision of cryptography cryptographic services in the UK ss.1 6 and Confirms the legal status of electronic signature s ss.7 10 . The United Kingdom government with Tony Blair as prime minister had come to the conclusion that encryption, encryption services and electronic signatures would be important to e commerce in the UK. ref name BBC By 1999, however, only the security services still hankered after key escrow. So a sunset clause was put in the bill. The May 2000 Electronic CommunicationsAct gave the Home Office the power to create a registration regime for encryption services. This was given a five year period before it would automatically lapse. The five years expired in May 2005 and the legislation granting such a power disappeared from the statute book. References reflist refs ref name BBC cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi business 863144.stm title Net leaves the law behind newspaper BBC News Online date 2 August 2000 first Mark last Ward ref External links http www.fipr.org press 050525crypto.html An account from the Foundation For Information Policy Research UK Legislation UK LEG path ukpga 2000 7 title Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 type ukpga ... more details
The CommunicationsAct 2003 http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2003 21 contents c 21 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . It gave regulation body Ofcom its full powers. Among other measures, it introduced legal recognition of Community Radio and paved the way for full time Community Radio services in the UK as well as controversially lifting many restrictions on cross media ownership . It also made it illegal to use other people s wifi broadband connections without their permission. ref cite news first last authorlink coauthors title Man arrested over wi fi theft ... access is an offence under the CommunicationsAct 2003 and a potential breach of the Computer Misuse Act. publisher BBC date 22 August 2007 accessdate 2007 08 22 ref The legislation also allowed .... ... Gaining unauthorised access to a computer is an offence covered by the Computer Misuse Act. In Straszkiewcz s case, he was prosecuted under the CommunicationsAct and found guilty of dishonestly obtaining an electronic communications service. UK Legislation UK LEG title CommunicationsAct 2003 ... en PracticeNote.2102.html UK Office of Communications 4.4.1& 93 ICT Regulation ... Department for Culture Media and Sport media ownership Bot generated title ref Contents The CommunicationsAct 2003 had as its purpose to confer functions on the Office of Communications to make provision about the regulation of the provision of electronic communications networks and services and of the use ... and other media enterprises and, in that connection, to amend the Enterprise Act 2002 and for connected purposes. The Act introduced new offences for Improper use of public electronic communications network , dishonestly obtaining electronic communications services Section 125 , possession or supply ... than one of obtaining services dishonestly contrary to Section 11 Fraud Act 2006 or a Section 1 Computer Misuse Act 1990 unauthorized access offence where access to a telecoms service was obtained ... more details
Lead too long date May 2011 Infobox U.S. legislation name Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 fullname Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 acronym nickname Cable Communications Policy Act 1984 Cable Franchise Policy and CommunicationsAct enacted by effective date public law url cite public law Pub. L. No. 98 549 cite statutes at large 98 STAT.2780 acts amended CommunicationsAct of 1934 title amended Title ... Co. v. Federal Communications Commission , ussc 395 367 1969 The Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 ... the cable industry. The act established a national policy for the regulation of cable communications ... wrote and supported the act, which amended the CommunicationsAct of 1934 with the insertion of Title ... journal last1 Meyerson first1 Michael I. year 1985 title The Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 ... that inspired Senator Barry Goldwater to begin his work on the Cable CommunicationsAct .... ref name Williams As a title of the larger CommunicationsAct of 1934 , the Cable CommunicationsAct ... requirements prescribed by the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act . The FCC hoped that the newly ... started work on what became the Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984. The need for an act to determine .... ref name Williams Structure wikisource Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 The Cable Communication Act of 1984 is Title VI General Provisions of the CommunicationsAct of 1934. The title is divided ... title CommunicationsAct of 1934 journal Encyclopedia of Political Communication publisher SAGE Publications ... above. ref name Lloyd See also CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications Act of 1996 Cable Television ... External links Refbegin http www.publicaccess.org cableact.html Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 http www.fcc.gov Reports 1934new.pdf CommunicationsAct of 1934 as amended by Telecommunications Act ... Refend DEFAULTSORT 1984 Cable Franchise Policy And CommunicationsAct Category 1984 in law Cable Franchise Policy and CommunicationsAct Category 1984 in the United States Cable Franchise Policy ... more details
The Stored CommunicationsAct SCA ref http www4.law.cornell.edu uscode 18 usc sup 01 18 10 I 20 121.html US Code Title 18,Chapter 121 Stored Wire and Electronic Communications and Transactional Records Access. ref is a law that was enacted by the United States Congress in 1986. It is not a stand alone law but forms part of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act it is codified as 18 U.S.C. 2701 to 2712. The SCA addresses voluntary and compelled disclosure of stored wire and electronic communications and transactional records held by third party internet service providers ISPs . The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects the people s right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures . However, when applied to information stored online, the Fourth Amendment s protections are potentially far weaker. In part, this is because the Fourth Amendment defines the right to be secure in spatial terms that do not directly apply ... Kerr, Orin S., http ssrn.com abstract 421860 A User s Guide to the Stored CommunicationsAct, and a Legislator .... ref The SCA creates Fourth Amendment like privacy protection for email and other digital communications ... which provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications. A remote ... services by means of an electronic communications system. Section 2703 of the SCA describes the conditions ... customer communications or records. In general, ISPs are forbidden to divulge to any person or entity ... information. ref name Kerr2 An ISP can disclose the contents of a subscriber s communications authorized ... to compel disclosure, the most significant distinction made by the SCA is between communications held in electronic communications services, which require a search warrant and probable cause, and those ... Act s Delayed Notification Provision, http www.sonnenschein.com docs docs icdp PSL 080408.pdf ... Dec. 14, 2010 . ref Robbins v. Lower Merion School District The Act was invoked in the 2010 Robbins ... more details
The Kenya Communications Amendment Act, 2008 is a Kenya n Act of Parliament that was passed by the 10th Kenyan Parliament and signed into law by President Mwai Kibaki on January 2, 2009. It is a controversial amendment of the Kenya CommunicationsAct, 1998 which gives the state power to raid media houses and control the distribution of content. It also gives the government the right to penalise media infractions with heavy fines and prison terms sole discretion in granting broadcast licences control of programme content and broadcasts. The bill was opposed by the Orange Democratic Movement ODM of Prime Minister Raila Odinga , and the Kenyan Union of Journalists . Due to protests by Kenyan journalists, Kibaki ordered the attorney general and information minister to review the Act and suggest any possible amendments ref http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi africa 7817567.stm Kenya media welcomes law review ref possible amendments could address such contentious areas as Section 88 92. ref http fortysouth.com 2008 12 14 its already part of the constitution It s Already Part of the Constitution ref References Reflist External links Text of the Act http www.scribd.com doc 8676972 The Kenya Communications Amendment Bill 2008 in Flash and http www.kenyalaw.org Downloads Bills 2008 The Kenya Communications 20 Amendment 20Bill 2008.pdf in PDF Category Kenyan law Category Kenyan legislation Category Kenyan media Category 10th Kenyan Parliament ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 Minimal decency is an ethical requirement according to the moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant . It refers to the minimum requirement of kindness obliged by Kantian ethics those actions which go beyond the call of duty are considered http plato.stanford.edu entries supererogation supererogation . People need not engage in supererogation in order to be responsible moral agent moral agents . The distinction between minimal decency an ethical obligation and supererogation helps moral agents understand and protect their own and each other s http www.quodlibet.net kant.shtml rational autonomy . Category Kantianism philo stub ... more details
The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 is a United States federal law enacted as Public Law 106 81 of October 26, 1999. It is also known as the 911 Act . The act required the setup of enhanced 911 and mandated that 911 serve as the emergency number for non land line phones as well. It was an amendment to the CommunicationsAct of 1934 as amended by the Telecommunications Act of 1996 . House The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act began as H.R. 438 in the 106th Congress. The purpose of the bill was To promote and enhance public safety through use of 911 as the universal ... h106 438 Gov Track Report on Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act ref Senate The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act moved from the House and was presented in the Senate on April ... service. blockquote Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 Amends the CommunicationsAct of 1934 to direct the Federal Communications Commission FCC and any agency or entity to which ... Releases 2000 nrwl0029.html FCC takes steps to implement the Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 , FCC. Category United States federal communications legislation Category 1999 in the United ... were held in the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Communications. On June ... d106query.html Library of Congress, Bill Summary and Status S. 800 ref Summary blockquote The 911 Act ... deployment of a nationwide, seamless communications infrastructure for emergency services that includes wireless communications. To ensure a comprehensive approach to emergency service throughout the country, the 911 Act directs the FCC to make 911 the universal emergency number for wireline and wireless ... as an emergency telephone number on the date of enactment of the 911 Act. It further directs the FCC to encourage and support the States in developing comprehensive emergency communications ... the FCC to encourage and support efforts by States to deploy comprehensive end to end emergency communications ... more details
The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act CALEA is a United States wiretapping law passed in 1994, during the presidency of Bill Clinton Pub. L. No. 103 414, 108 Stat. 4279, codified at 47 USC 1001 1010 . CALEA s purpose is to enhance the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to conduct electronic surveillance by requiring that telecommunications carriers and manufacturers of telecommunications equipment modify and design their equipment, facilities, and services to ensure that they have built in surveillance capabilities, allowing federal agencies to monitor all telephone ... The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act , Congressional Research Service, June ... communications data. ref name point click eavesdrop wikisource Provisions of CALEA In its own ... carrier s duty to cooperate in the interception of communications for Law Enforcement purposes ... to conduct criminal investigations requiring wiretapping of digital telephone networks. The Act obliges .... The act stipulates that it must not be possible for a person to detect that his or her conversation ... to perform surveillance of all communications that travel over the Internet such as Internet ... DEA filed a joint petition with the Federal Communications Commission FCC to expand their powers to include the ability to monitor VoIP and broadband internet communications so that they could ... us articles LIIPWhitePaperv21 2Epdf White Paper on Lawful Interception of IP Networks wikisource Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 http www.fcc.gov calea FCC CALEA Home page http www.askcalea.net FBI CALEA Website https ... Are Unanimous Lasar s Letter on the Federal Communications Commission http www.lasarletter.net ... plan Lasar s Letter on the Federal Communications Commission http www.cybertelecom.org security calea.htm ... communications legislation Category United States federal criminal legislation Category Privacy ... more details
Outraging public decency is a common law offence in England and Wales . ref name halsbury Halsbury s Laws of England 5th edition, volume 26, paragraph 717 ref As a common law offence it is punishable by unlimited imprisonment and or an unlimited fine. ref name halsbury History Expand section date February 2011 Definition Modern case law has established two elements that must be satisfied for the offence to be committed ref name lawcom cite web title Simplification of Criminal Law Public Nuisance and Outraging Public Decency Consultation Paper No 193 url http www.justice.gov.uk lawcommission docs cp193 Simplification Public Nuisance Consultation.pdf publisher Law Commission accessdate 14 July 2011 ref ref http www.bailii.org ew cases EWCA Crim 2007 2062.html nowiki 2007 EWCA Crim 2062, 2008 QB 224 para 21 CA nowiki ref The act was of such a lewd character as to outrage public decency this element constituted the nature of the act which had to be proved before the offence could be established, and it took place in a public place and must have been capable of being seen by two or more persons who were actually present, even if they had not actually seen it. Usage The offence is currently prosecuted around 400 500 times per year. ref name lawcom ref http ninetyone.org policehistory sources files commonlawoffences.pdf Common Law Offences Charged and Reaching a first hearing in Magistrates Courts , Crown Prosecution Service ref References reflist Use dmy dates date February 2011 Category Crimes Category English criminal law ... more details
Infobox NPO organization name American Decency Association organization logo Image American Decency Association Logo.jpg 175px organization motto organization type Christian right organization founded 1999 by Bill Johnson location flagicon USA Fremont, Michigan Fremont , Michigan , United States U.S. key people Bill Johnson, President fields services num members homepage http www.americandecency.org The American Decency Association ADA is a non profit organization associated with the Christian right based in Fremont, Michigan . Its principal cause is against pornography and indecent media. ref http www.americandecency.org ADA official website ref The ADA was founded in 1999 by former elementary school teacher , Bill Johnson, the first named state director of the American Family Association AFA from 1987 to 1999. ref http americandecency.org main.php?f about people board Our board. ADA official website ref The organization was formally known as the Michigan chapter of the AFA. The mission of the ADA, according to their official website, is ...to educate its members and the general public on matters of decency to initiate, promote, encourage and coordinate activity designed to safeguard and advance public morality consistent with biblical Christianity. ref http americandecency.org main.php?f about beliefs mission Mission Statement. ADA official website ref Activism The tactic of choice for the ADA is letter writing and threatening boycott s ref name mediamouse.org Michigan Religious Right Organization Leads Boycott against Victoria s Secret. Media Mouse. 12 December 2006. http www.mediamouse.org features 121206michi.php ref ref name ReferenceA http americandecency.org main.php ... York Law Journal , February 8, 2006. ref filed U.S. Federal Communications Commission FCC indecency .... ref Howard Stern Act Now to clean up indecency on the airwaves ADA official site. 16 December 2005 ..., Jim. Catholic School Disinvites Detroit Pistons Dancers Decency Advocate Applauds. AgapePress. 25 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Public Honesty Decency is a Annulment Annulment in the Catholic Church diriment impediment to marriage , a prohibition that prevents a marriage bond from being formed. It arises from a valid betrothal between the male party to the contract and the blood relatives of the woman in the first degree mother, daughter, sister , and conversely between the woman and the blood relatives of the man in the same degree father, son, brother . Once existing, the impediment always remains, even though the betrothal is lawfully broken. Second, this impediment, for a stronger reason, arises from a marriage contract, where the marriage was not consummated, even if the marriage be invalid, unless the invalidity be due to lack of lawful consent. In cases where the marriage is consummated, public decency gives way to affinity. External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 12554a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Public Honesty Decency Catholic Category Canon law Catholic Church RC Canon law stub ... more details
Fox Attacks Decency is a 2007 viral video produced by Robert Greenwald , a political Documentary film documentary Film director director . It was produced by Brave New Films . It attacks what it asserts is Fox News gratuitous use of sexual images and topics on its shows. ref Jason Linkins, Fox Attacks...Decency Network Preaches Moral Values In Between Clips Of Soft Porn Huffington Post http www.huffingtonpost.com 2007 11 08 fox attacksdecency ne n 71629.html ref Brave New Films asserted that Fox News engages in sexual objectification , in the course of reporting on sexual controversies on the news. ref Brave New Films press release for Fox Attacks Decency Brave New Films Tells FCC FOX News Explicit Content Inappropriate for Basic Cable Households Nov. 8, 2007 http www.commondreams.org news2007 1108 06.htm ref It is associated with the Brave New Films associated site, Fox News Porn, which satirizes Fox News, while relying on images from Fox News. http foxnewsporn.com ?utm source rgemail Production of the site relied on research by Newshounds. http www.newshounds.us External links http www.youtube.com watch?v whYi8sCF5Pg Link to Fox Attacks Decency http foxnewsporn.com ?utm source rgemail Fox News Porn Brave New Films produced page References Reflist Category Viral videos Category Fox News Channel criticisms and controversies ... more details
The National Legion of Decency was an organization dedicated to identifying and combating objectionable content, from the point of view of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States, in motion pictures . For the first quarter century or so of its existence, the legion wielded great power in the American motion picture industry . The Legion was founded in 1933 by Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati Archbishop of Cincinnati John T. McNicholas as the Catholic Legion of Decency CLOD in response to an address given by Nuncio apostolic delegate Archbishop Amleto Giovanni Cicognani at the Catholic Charities Convention in New York City. Cicognani warned against the massacre of innocence of youth and urged a campaign for the purification of the cinema. Though established by Roman Catholic bishops, the Legion originally included many Protestant and even some Jewish clerics. It was renamed ... of the Legion of Decency and successors 1966&ndash 2001 By the 1960s, however, the organization had ... was founded using the National Legion of Decency as a model, and continues to promote programming ... objectionable in part C Condemned by the Legion of Decency The A rating was subsequently divided ... in part I wish to join the Legion of Decency, which condemns vile and unwholesome moving pictures ... hereby promise to remain away from all motion pictures except those which do not offend decency and Christian ... of the Legion of Decency be administered each year on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception ... &mdash successor List of films condemned by the Legion of Decency Hays Code &mdash a secular American ... of Decency Time magazine, 1934 Bibliography Greg Black http books.google.com books?id ybKqnNNR7hwC&printsec ... Paul Facey The Legion of Decency A Sociological Analysis of the Emergence and Development of a Pressure ... James Skinner The Cross and the Cinema The Legion of Decency and the National Catholic ... sc nationall 122.html The National Legion of Decency Collection at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts ... more details
The European Social Charter Social Charter initially defined what many UK campaigning groups termed the Council of Europe decency threshold in the 1960s as 68 of average earnings within a national economy . The definition was modified to that of 60 of Net pay net earnings As of 2004 alt as of July 2004 in order to take account of the difficulties experienced in taking into account initiatives such as redistributive tax systems when calculating adequate incomes. There are a number of anomalies between the previous use of this threshold by UK campaigning groups and the way in which it is understood by the Secretariat of the European Social Charter. The exact origins of the term Council of Europe Decency Threshold are vague, but it is said to be an incorrect term as the Council of Europe did not create it. It is therefore now more commonly referred to as the European Social Charter Adequate Remuneration Threshold or ESCART. Many pressure group s in the UK used the original method of calculation to call for a higher minimum wage . Before its closure, the Low Pay Unit used this threshold in campaigning in addition to calling for a minimum wage of half male median earnings, rising to 2 3 over the next few years. However, it like many other organisations had expressed reservations about the usefulness of the Threshold following the move to a definition of 60 of net average earnings, primarily because this was a far lower monetary amount than the Threshold as previously defined. The Scottish Low Pay Unit , an independent organisation with similar aims to the now defunct London based Low Pay Unit, continue to campaign for a higher National Minimum Wage in this way although they do not use the ESCART due to difficulties in obtaining accurate net earnings figures for the UK. They have also produced a briefing outlining the advantages and disadvantages of the calculation. socio stub Category Council of Europe Category Income distribution ... more details
This is a list of films condemned by the Legion of Decency , a United States Roman Catholicism Catholic organization, and its successor from 1965 , the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures. The condemned or C rating was issued from the time of the Legion s formation in 1933 until 1978, when the C rating and the B rating were merged into the new O morally offensive rating. In 1980, the NCOMP film office was shut down, along with the biweekly Review , which had published ratings on 16,251 feature films. Many of the ratings have since been lowered generally to A III . The Legion s ratings were applied to movies made in the United States which were subject to the Production Code until 1967 as well as those imported from other countries. Beginning in 1968, the ratings were applied in addition to any rating assigned by the MPAA film rating system . Legion organized boycott s made a C rating harmful to a film s distribution and profitability. Accordingly, for the majority of years that the rating was applied, most condemned films were made outside of the United States, where their producers didn t have as much to fear from the condemnation. Of the 53 movies the Legion had placed on its condemned list by 1943, only Howard Hughes The Outlaw came from a major US studio, and it had not been approved by the Production Code or distributed widely. Despite rumor to the contrary, Elia Kazan s 1951 A Streetcar Named Desire 1951 film A Streetcar Named Desire did not receive a C rating. However, it was cut by 4 minutes to avoid condemnation. inc video NOTOC By Year 1933 Blood Money 1933 ... of Decency. The Seven Year Itch Had to cut scenes from the original play to be approved by Legion of Decency. 1957 Love in the Afternoon 1957 film Love in the Afternoon Initially condemned, the studio ... reviews by the Legion of Decency s successor, the USCCB Office for Film and Broadcasting note ..., and are now rated O Category Lists of films Legion of Decency, List of films condemned by the Category ... more details
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